on-load boiler cleaning with steam - users.abo.fiusers.abo.fi/maengblo/cet_2019/clydebergemann/x4...

© C

BW

Cly

de B

erg

em

ann W

ese

l 10.2

007

-Rev. 5

On-Load Boiler Cleaning

with Steam

March 15, 2019Chemistry in Energy Technology

Åbo Akademi University

© CBW Clyde Bergemann Wesel - Alle Rechte vorbehalten

Content

Steam sootblower solution

Different types of steam sootblowers

Functional aspects

Deposit removal

Selection of sootblowers

Important design aspects

4 - On-Load Boiler Cleaning with Steam


3

Sootblower



4

Sootblower in operation




Cleaning mechanism –Retractable sootblower



Cleaning mechanism - Part Retractable sootblower


Content



Functional aspects

Deposit removal





8

On-load Cleaning Systems

Economiser

Part Retractable

Sootblowers

Rake Sootblowers

Rotating Element

Sootblowers

Retractable

Sootblowers

Oscillating

Sootblowers

Axial Sootblowers

Jet Blower

Part Retractable

Sootblowers

SMART RSG /

SMART Helix Water

Superheater/Re-Heater

Furnace

Wall Blower

Water Cannon

Air heater/Gas heater

Rake Sootblowers

Jet Blower

Rake

Sootblowers

DeNOx

Optimisation & Automation

SMART CLEAN

SMART CONTROL



“On-load“ Cleaning Systems

Cleaning systems for the furnace

Blowing medium: water

SMART Cannon

Blowing medium: steam

Wall blower VS-H




Wall blower VS-H

Functional principle

The nozzle head with two opposite high-

performance nozzles is axially moved into the

boiler

The blowing process begins as soon as the

nozzle head has reached the blowing position

During this process the tube wall is cleaned in

circular form

A special valve control also enables cleaning

of specific segments

After performing the necessary number of

rotations the nozzle head returns to its rest

position




Wall blower – Cleaning pattern

Travel

Nozzle inclination

Ge

om

etr

ica

l b

low

ing

ra

diu

s

Op

era

tin

g r

ad

ius

Je

td

ive

rsio

n

Re

st

Po

sit

ion

Re

ve

rse

Po

sit

ion

Spiral cleaning pattern due to wall

blower type that advances into the

boiler as it cleans



12


Economiser

Part Retractable

Sootblowers

Rake Sootblowers

Rotating Element

Sootblowers

Retractable

Sootblowers

Oscillating

Sootblowers

Axial Sootblowers

Jet Blower

Part Retractable

Sootblowers

SMART RSG /

SMART Helix Water


Furnace

Wall Blower

Water Cannon


Rake Sootblowers

Jet Blower

Rake

Sootblowers

DeNOx


SMART CLEAN

SMART CONTROL




Retractable Sootblower


The lance tube with two opposite high-

performance nozzles, is helically moved into

the boiler

Consequently the blowing process begins

shortly after the two nozzles have passed

through the boiler wall

During the blowing process the lance tube

continues to move helically into the flue-gas

path

On reaching the end of travel position, the

direction of movement changes and the lance

tube returns to its rest position



14


Economiser

Part Retractable

Sootblowers

Rake Sootblowers

Rotating Element

Sootblowers

Retractable

Sootblowers

Oscillating

Sootblowers

Axial Sootblowers

Jet Blower

Part Retractable

Sootblowers

SMART RSG /

SMART Helix Water


Furnace

Wall Blower

Water Cannon


Rake Sootblowers

Jet Blower

Rake

Sootblowers

DeNOx


SMART CLEAN

SMART CONTROL




Part Retractable Sootblower


The blowing tube of the part retractable

sootblower is equipped with high-performance

nozzles over the whole length and is movably

supported in the flue-gas path

During the blowing process the blowing tube

continues to move helically into the flue-gas path


direction of movement changes and the blowing


The blowing tube remains partly in the flue-gas

path




Oscillating Sootblower


The lance tube with high-performance nozzles is

moved in the boiler in oscillatory motion

The blowing process begins as soon as the

nozzles have passed through the boiler wall


direction of movement changes and the lance


Retractable oscillating sootblower PS-P/RS-P



17


Economiser

Part Retractable

Sootblowers

Rake Sootblowers

Rotating Element

Sootblowers

Retractable

Sootblowers

Oscillating

Sootblowers

Axial Sootblowers

Jet Blower

Part Retractable

Sootblowers

SMART RSG /

SMART Helix Water


Furnace

Wall Blower

Water Cannon


Rake Sootblowers

Jet Blower

Rake

Sootblowers

DeNOx


SMART CLEAN

SMART CONTROL




Rake Sootblower - for the Economiser / Air

Preheater / Gas-Gas Heater and DeNOx


The blowing rake is equipped with high

performance nozzles – blowing element

remains in the flue-gas path

During the blowing process the blowing rake

continues to move axially into the flue-gas pass


direction of movement changes and the blowing

rake returns to its rest position



19


Economiser

Part Retractable

Sootblowers

Rake Sootblowers

Rotating Element

Sootblowers

Retractable

Sootblowers

Oscillating

Sootblowers

Axial Sootblowers

Jet Blower

Part Retractable

Sootblowers

SMART RSG /

SMART Helix Water


Furnace

Wall Blower

Water Cannon


Rake Sootblowers

Jet Blower

Rake

Sootblowers

DeNOx


SMART CLEAN

SMART CONTROL




Rotating Element Sootblower


The blowing tube is equipped with nozzles over

the whole length and rotates within the flue-gas

path

During the blowing process the blowing tube

performs a prescribed number of rotations

The blowing process ends when the necessary

number of rotations has been performed

Blowing tube remains and is supported in flue-

gas path



21


Economiser

Part Retractable

Sootblowers

Rake Sootblowers

Rotating Element

Sootblowers

Retractable

Sootblowers

Oscillating

Sootblowers

Axial Sootblowers

Jet Blower

Part Retractable

Sootblowers

SMART RSG /

SMART Helix Water


Furnace

Wall Blower

Water Cannon


Rake Sootblowers

Jet Blower

Rake

Sootblowers

DeNOx


SMART CLEAN

SMART CONTROL




SMART Jet Blower


Cleaning is carried out by axial movement of the

lance tube in steps, while the heater basket

rotates

The SMART Jet is typically deployed below the

heater with the media jets cleaning upwards, but

can also be fitted above the heater as a pair

The use of inverters and encoders allow the

step-wise travel and positioning of the lance and

nozzles to be infinitely controlled

Choice of online cleaning modes air/steam, LP

and HP water

HP water jetting up to 300 bar(g) for online

cleaning basket blockages



23


Economiser

Part Retractable

Sootblowers

Rake Sootblowers

Rotating Element

Sootblowers

Retractable

Sootblowers

Oscillating

Sootblowers

Axial Sootblowers

Jet Blower

Part Retractable

Sootblowers

SMART RSG /

SMART Helix Water


Furnace

Wall Blower

Water Cannon


Rake Sootblowers

Jet Blower

Rake

Sootblowers

DeNOx


SMART CLEAN

SMART CONTROL



Content



Functional aspects

Deposit removal






Sootblower



Retractable sootblower

Travel: 0,3m - 20m over single or double rack (heavy-duty)

Blower valve: Cast steel with adjustable throttle disc for varied

blowing pressure

Feed tube:

Stainless steel; Ø60 mm or Ø70 mm

Lance tube:

Creep resistant or high alloy steels

O.D. Ø88,9 mm, Ø101,6 mm and Ø114,3 mm



Retractable sootblowers (PS series)

Valve Actuating

Mechanism

Rear Suspension

Track BeamLance Tube Blower Carriage Feed Tube

Valve

Lance Tube Guidance Covering SystemElectrical Equipment

Gear Motor

Wall Box

Sealing & Scavenging

Air Equipment

Feed Tube

Support

Lance Tube

Support


Content



Functional aspects

Deposit removal






Mussmann, UoToronto 2009

Failure due to axial crack formation




Failure due to surface pitting/axialcrack formation




Failure due to spalling


32

Break-up duration: 3 ms

Thin deposit

Distance = 9 cm

Soft deposit

Deposit break-up by steam jet




33

Thick deposit

Distance = 9 cm

Soft deposit

Break-up duration: 9.50 ms

Deposit break-up by steam jet




34

Deposit asymmetry – Actualdeposits in boilers

Flue

gas

Deposit

Carry-over

Boiler tubes




35

Asymmetric

Deposit asymmetry

Deposit

Steel tube

Symmetric




36

0

JET

90



Deposit asymmetry


37

Deposit asymmetry (0º vs. 90º)




Content



Functional aspects

Deposit removal






Cleaning mechanism –Retractable sootblower


40

Sootblower Design Toolbox

Official Release 1.0

System design



41


Project specific input parameters

Calculation of fluid flow and mechanical stability including heat transfer

Calculation of droop correction, steam consumption and jet profile



42



Important design parameter for Steam sootblowers:

Fuel and fuel specification

Steam pressure & temperature (design and operation)

Location of sootblower in boiler

Distances and configuartion of heating elements, dimensions of elements (for

cleaning)

Fluegas temperature (max)

Control setup and electrical configurations


43

Selection of blowing elements

BFB (Bubbling Fluidized Boiler) boilers

Example:

BFB boiler burning wood waste

Steam 25 bar(g) and 400 °C

Superheater:

Max. fluegas temperature 900 °C

Retractable sootblower

Blowing element material 13CrMo44

(creep: max temp. 560 °C)

Boiler bank:

Max. fluegas temperature 720 °C

Part Retractable sootblower

Blowing element material X10CrAl13

(creep: max temp. 800 °C)



Content



Functional aspects

Deposit removal






Quality of steam



Piping arrangement:

Inclination for proper draining.

Avoid “Christmas Tree” piping layout.

Pre-heating control:

Draining temperature controlled, not time

controlled.

Cleaning sequence:

Start with sootblower nearest to the drain

station.

Short connecting pipe:

Secure complete pre-heating; avoid

“cold” pipe parts.

Recommended design principals for steamfeeding systems


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on-load boiler cleaning with steam - users.abo.fiusers.abo.fi/maengblo/cet_2019/clydebergemann/x4...

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