omi stm #19 | knmi, de bilt, nl| 2 sept 2015 | slide 1 ben veihelmann, jörg langen esa/estec...

OMI STM #19 | KNMI, De Bilt, NL| 2 Sept 2015 | Slide 1

Ben Veihelmann, Jörg LangenESA/ESTEC

Sentinel-4 and Sentinel-5Overview and Status


Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service

• Operational information services for policy makers, …, citizens

• Protocol compliance monitoring: ozone layer (Montreal, …), air quality (Göteborg, …), climate (Kyoto, …), emission verification

• Near-real-time services: Local air quality, health warning, aviation routing

• Assessments: Improve understanding of processes, validate chemical transport models, ground measurement networks

• Pre-operational: MACC, http://atmosphere.copernicus.eu

• Uses observations from current satellites,

in the future also from Sentinel-4, -5, -5P, …


Missions and Services

Sentinel-5p Sentinel-5 Sentinel-4

Environmental Themes

The Copernicus Atmospheric Missions: Sentinel-4, -5p and -5

air quality climatestratospheric

ozone and surface UV

global AQ at 1d temporal res.

• emission and abundance monitoring

• forecast

regional AQ at 1h temporal res.

• emission and abundance monitoring

• forecast

climate • GHG emission

monitoring• aerosol

ozone

• long term O3 evolution (total column and low resolution profile)

• surface UV (health)

• bridging between OMI and S-5

• CO and CH4

• x6 step in 2-D spatial resolution vs. OMI

• some diurnal information (with GOME-2)

• continuity and long-term datasets

• synergies with meteo payloads (embarked on Metop-SG)

• CH4 from 2 bands

• Some CO2 (quality not sufficient for operational monitoring)

• boundary conditions for S-4

• first AQ mission approved for geostationary orbit (embarked on MTG-S)

• diurnal variation, e.g. NO2, aerosol

• part of CEOS virtual constellation


Requirements Flow

High-level user needs

User requirements

Mission requirements

GMES implementation

group (2009)

Capacity study (2005)

Camelot study(2009)

S-4/-5 MAG System requirementsInstrument

development

L2 product requirements

Level-2 product development


GEOstationary (GEO)– Hourly revisit time over Europe

– Mainly air quality

– Diurnal cycle of tropospheric composition

Sentinel-4

Low Earth Orbit (LEO)– Daily revisit time global coverage

– Climate, air quality, ozone & UV

– Tropospheric & stratospheric composition

Sentinel-5 (9h30 orbit)

Sentinel-5 Precursor (13h30 orbit)

GEO+LEO


Mission InstrumentUtilization of data from

Imager Infrared sounder Other

Sentinel-4 UVN spectrometer (1) FCI (2) IRS (1) LI (2,*)

Sentinel-5 UVNS spectrometer (3) VII (3) IAS (3) 3MI (3)

Sentinel-5 Precursor

UVNS spectrometer

TROPOMI (4) VIIRS (5) CRIS (5,*) OMPS (5,*)

(1) on MTG sounder (GEO)(2) on MTG imager (GEO)(3) on MetOp-SG (LEO)(4) on dedicated platform (LEO)(5) on SNPP/JPSS (LEO)(*) synergy on higher data level

UVN = Ultraviolet + Visible + Near infraredFCI = Flexible Combined ImagerIRS = InfraRed SounderLI = Lightning Imager

UVNS = UVN + Short wave infraredVII = Visible/Infrared Imager (MetImage)IAS = Infrared Atmospheric Sounder (IASI-NG)3MI = Multi-viewing, -channel, -polarisation Imager

TROPOMI = TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument VIIRS = Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite CrIS = Cross-track Infrared Sounder OMPS = Ozone Mapping Profiler Suite

MTG = Meteosat Third GenerationMetOp-SG = MetOp-Second GenerationSNPP = Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership JPSS = Joint Polar Satellite System

GEO+LEO


GEO+GEO+GEO+LEO

NASA TEMPO ESA Sentinel-4 KARI GEMSJAXA GMAP-ASIA

CEOS Atmospheric Composition Virtual Constellation www.ceos.org/images/ACC/AC_Geo_Position_Paper_v4.pdf

USA TEMPO Europe Sentinel-4 Korea GEMS Sentinel-5/-5P

Orbit Geostationary Geostationary Geostationary LEO

Domain North America Europe and surrounding Asia-Pacific global

Revisit [h] 1 hour 1 hour 1 hour Daily, more @ higher lat

Spectral ranges UV-Vis UV-Vis-NIR UV-Vis UV-Vis-NIR-SWIR

Key products O3, NO2, SO2, HCHO, CHOCHO, aerosol

O3, NO2, SO2, HCHO, CHOCHO (TBC), aerosol

O3, NO2, SO2, HCHO, aerosol O3, NO2, SO2, HCHO, CHOCHO, aerosol, CH4, CO, …

Spatial resolution [km2]

9 x 5 at 35°N 8 x 8 at 40°N 8 x 7 (gas), 8 x 3.5 (aerosol) at 38°N

7 x 7 at nadir


Optical PathSun calibration

Sun Baffle

Diffuser Wheel

Diffuser Wheel Drive

White Light Source

Scan Mirror

Aperture Cover

NIR FPA

Beam Splitter Assembly

NIR Spectrometer OA

TSA Structure

Grating

GRISM Assembly

UV-VIS Collimator

UV-VIS Camera

UV-VIS FPA

Telescope

Summer FoV

Heater Envelope

Scanner Cover

YUVN

ZUVN

XUVN

Thermal Heat Shields

Sentinel-4 UVN Instrument

Optical Instrument Module


Sentinel-4/UVN Instrument

Revisit time 1h

Geographic coverage Europe + part of Atlantic + part of Sahara, FoV = 4° N/S, 11°-14° E/W

Spatial sampling 8 km at 45°N, 530 x 570 spatial samples

Spatial resolution 8.9 km N/S, 11.7 km E/W at 45°N

Spectral range UV-VIS: 305-500 nm, NIR: 750-775 nm

Spectral resolution UV-VIS ≤ 0.5 nm, NIR ≤ 0.12 nm

Spectral sampling ratio >3

Envelope 1000 x 1000 x 1500 mm3

Mass 200 kg

Power 180 W

Data rate (nominal operation) 30 Mbps


Sentinel-4/UVN Scan Strategy

Instantaneous Field of View

SZA = 90 °

SZA = 92°equinox


Sentinel-5 UVNS Instrument


Sentinel-5/UVNS Instrument

Temporal resolution ≤ 24 h

Geographic coverage global

Spatial sampling< 45 km (270-300nm), < 7.5 km (> 300nm) at nadir;216 samples within 2670 km swath

Spatial resolution ~ spatial sampling distance

Spectral rangeUV-VIS: 270 – 500 nm, NIR: 685 – 710 nm and 755 – 773 nm, SWIR: 1590 – 1675 nm and 2305 – 2385 nm

Spectral resolution1.0 nm ( UV < 300nm), 0.5 nm (UV-VIS 300 – 500 nm), 0.4 nm (NIR), 0.25 nm (SWIR)

Spectral sampling ratio 3 (UV-VIS and NIR), 2.5 (SWIR)

Envelope 1145 x 1032 x 1026 mm3

Mass 270 kg

Power 300 W

Data rate (nominal operation) 20 Mbps


Spatial Footprint

GOME-2

Sciamachy

OMI

Imag

e:

Goog

le m

ap

s

Sentinel-4/-5/5P spatial resolution & sampling • Better than heritage (Sciamachy/GOME-2/OMI)• Big step toward resolving sources


Level-2 Products

1) Synergy with IRS 2) Will exploit FCI L2 cloud product if available3) Synergetic with FCI L1c 4) funding not yet secured

S4 target performance given for • VZA and SZA<60° (all products)• Cloud fraction <20% (trace gas col)• Clear sky (aer, surf, o3 pro)

species CharacteristicsS-5p expected performance S-4 target performance S-5 priority

O3 vertical profile 10-30 % (strat. 6 km res.) enhanced sensitivity to lower trop. (1,4) 1total column 3.5 – 5 % 3 - 4% 1trop. column 25 - 40%

NO2 total column and trop. column strat. < 10%, trop. 25-50 %1.5*1015 molec/cm² or

30% (goal) / 50% (threshold) 1

SO2 total column and height 30 – 50 %1.0*1016 molec/cm² or


HCHO total column 40 – 80 %1.5*1016 molec/cm² or


CHOCHO total column x (4) 1.5*1016 molec/cm² or 50% (goal) / 100% (threshold) (4) 1

CH4 total column 1.5 % - 1CO total column < 15 % - 1

Cloud optical depth, fraction, height <20 % (all parameters) x (2), x (3,4) 1

Aerosol

UV absorption index ~1 AAI 0.3 (goal) / 0.5 (threshold) 1layer height < 100 hPa 1 km 1optical depth (OD) 0.05 (SUR) 2absorption OD 2fine mode OD x 2

Surface effective reflectance x first BRF parameter 0.01 1Surface UV spectral irradiance, UV index x (FMI) - 1H2O total column x (4) - 2CO2 total column - - 2BrO total column x (4) - 2OClO total column x (4) - 2IO total column x (4) - 3HDO total column x (4) - 3


Sentinel-4 Mission Implementation Status

• S4/UVN instrument & Level-1b Prototype Processor developed by ESA with Airbus Defence & Space as prime

– Preliminary Design Review completed

– Critical Design Review mid 2016

– Flight Acceptance Review early 2021

• Level-1b geometric processing developed on platform level

• Level-2 Operational Processor developed by ESA with DLR as prime- Kick-off 2 June 2015

– Prototype and Operational Processor

– System Integration & Verification, support to Commissioning

• EUMETSAT will operate the instrument and process the mission data up to Level-2


Sentinel-5 Mission Implementation Status

• S5/UVNS instrument & Level-1b Prototype Processor developed by ESA with Airbus Defence & Space as prime

– System Preliminary Design Review completed

– Critical Design Review Nov. 2017

– Flight Acceptance Review Dec. 2020

• Level-2 Prototype Processor will be developed by ESA, Operational Processor by EUMETSAT

• EUMETSAT will operate the instrument and process the mission data up to Level-2


Schedule + Long-Term Perspective

• GOME-2 (9.30h) and OMI/TROPOMI (13.30h) provide partial diurnal information, before geostationary missions takes over with hourly data

• S4 and S5, together with IR sounders and 3MI, will be Europe’s long-term contribution to operational nadir-viewing atmospheric composition sounding

• The geostationary missions GEMS, S4, and Tempo together with S5/S5P form a global atmospheric composition constellation

• Guaranteed provision of long-term datasets in synergy with meteorological payloads is based on identical instruments no innovation on space instrument until 2035/40

• Update of geophysical requirements for future successors is under EU responsibility:

– GMES-PURE contract (2013/14)

– Requirements Framework for the next generation of the Copernicus Space Component (2015–18) (“small scale exercise” for atmosphere complementing PURE)

L.T. 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 2039 2040OMI 13.30hGOME-2 - Metop B 09.30hGOME-2 - Metop C 09.30hSentinel-5p 13.30hGEMSTempo • • •Sentinel-4 - 1Sentinel-4 - 2Sentinel-5 - 1 09.30hSentinel-5 - 2 09.30hSentinel-5 - 3 09.30h

OMI STM #19 | KNMI, De Bilt, NL| 2 Sept 2015 | Slide 18Gra

phic

s: E

SA

MetOp-SG B • SCA• MWI• RO• ICI• Argos–4

MTG-I • FCI • LI

MTG-S • IRS • Sentinel-4

MetOp-SG A • METimage • IASI-NG• MWS• RO• Sentinel-5• 3MI

Sentinel-5P • TROPOMI

Thanks for listening!Ben Veihelmann, Jörg LangenESA/ESTECOMI STM 19, de Bilt, NL, Sept 2015

omi stm #19 | knmi, de bilt, nl| 2 sept 2015 | slide 1 ben veihelmann, jörg langen esa/estec...

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