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OIE listed diseases
Criteria for listing
OIE Workshop for Aquatic Animal Focal Points Dubai, United Arab Emirates
27-29 September 2010
Franck C.J. BertheSecretary General
Aquatic Animals Health Standards Commission
OIE list of aquatic animal diseases
A key purpose of listing a disease in the Aquatic Code is to ensure transparency of the aquatic animal health status world-wide, by obliging Member Countries and Territories to report its occurrence to OIE.
The OIE collates and disseminates the information received in reports on the status of those listed diseases in Member Countries and Territories (WAHIS and WAHID).
OIE list of aquatic animal diseases
Disease list is in Chapter 1.3. of the Aquatic Code
The list is reviewed annually by the Aquatic Animal Health Standards Commission and recommendations for deletions and additions are proposed to OIE Member Countries and Territories
Notification and reporting requirements apply to all listed diseases and any new emerging diseases.
Criteria for listing an aquatic animal diseaseArticle 1.2.1.
Criteria for listing an emerging aquatic animal disease Article 1.2.2.
1. The disease has been shown to cause significant production losses
OR2. The disease has been shown to or scientific evidence
indicates that it is likely to negatively affect wildaquatic animal populations that are an asset worth protecting for economic or ecological reasons
OR3. The agent is of public health concern
Listing Criteria
Listing Criteria
AND4. Infectious aetiology of the disease is proven
OR
5. An infectious agent is strongly associated with the disease, but the aetiology is not yet known
Listing Criteria
AND6. Potential for international spread, including via live
animals, their products or fomites
AND7. Several countries or countries with zones may be
declared free of the disease based on the general surveillance principles outlined in Chapter 1.4. of the Aquatic Code
Criteria for listing an aquatic animal diseaseArticle 1.2.1.
Criteria for listing an emergingaquatic animal disease Article 1.2.2.
1. The infectious aetiology of the disease is proven
OR2. An infectious agent is strongly associated with the
disease, but the aetiology is not yet known
AND3. The agent is of public health concern
OR4. Significant spread in naive populations of wild or
cultured aquatic animals.
Listing Criteria (Emerging Disease)
Spherical virus associated to abalone mortality outbreaks made by Huang et al. (1999), Song et al. (2000), Zhang et al. (2001), Fang et al. (2002) and reviewed by Zhang et al. in 2004 are consistent. They constitute an acute syndrome of abalone viral mortality.Spiked icosahedral enveloped virus described by Zhang et al. (2001) ranging in size between 135 and 150 nm is considered as different from other spherical viruses descriptions from acute abalone mortality outbreaks. They also reported a smaller particle size of ~ 40 nm. In the absence of other corroborating reports, and given the sparse availability of scientific data, the significance of these findings is difficult to interpret. Crack shell disease (Wang et al., 1997; Li et al., 1998; Nie and Wang, 2004) and viral amyotrophia (Otsu and Sasaki, 1997; Nakatsugawa et al., 1988, 1990 and 1999) are consistently described (a sub-acute/chronic syndrome within the AVM complex).The suggestion of a retroviral nature of amyotrophia (Nakatsugawa et al., 1999) is not well supported by the published scientific data, nor has it been corroborated by further studies.Descriptions of small icosahedral particles (~35-55nm) by Harada et al. (1993) and Yu et al. (2007) are inconsistent with other studies in which particles of >100nm have been found and transmission trials (Mamoyama, 2000). Herpes-like virus ganglioneuritis described in Taiwan (Chang et al., 2005) and in Australia (Hooper et al., 2007) are a consistent group of acute viral syndrome.There are similarities in virus characteristics and clinical expression of infection between the spherical virus acute mortality and herpes-like virus ganglioneuritis. These diseases may be caused by similar, related or the same virus. A lack of histopathology descriptions precludes differentiation of these viral diseases (Huang et al., 1999; Song et al., 2000; Zhang et al., 2001 and 2004; Fang et al., 2002; Nie and Wang, 2004).Information available shows that movements of live animals and contaminated equipment within the geographical range of these diseases have happened and may be have contributed to the spread of this disease complex.
Abalone Viral Mortality Complex
The lack of comparable data precludes drawing conclusions on the relationships between published reports a single viral etiology for this complex cannot be excluded
Within the AVM complex, two syndromes have emerged one has an acute course (herpes-like virus disease, HLVD) the other has a more sub-acute to chronic course (crack-shell-amyotrophia-virus disease,
CSAVD)
Both syndromes impact multiple abalone species in Australasia with significant lossesHowever, different clinical courses and presentations lead to require different case definitions Abalone herpes-like virus (AHLV) disease Crack-shell-amyotrophia-virus (CSAV) disease
OIE Member Countries/Territories have requested exclusion of CSAVD from the complex
0.01
942
983
966
GAV/Aust/#1bsGAV/Aust/ReferenceGAV/Aust/#2bs
894
335
YHV/Thai/#19bsYHV/Thai/#12bsYHV/Thai/#10bsYHV/Thai/#8bsYHV/Sarawak/#1bs
255207
202526
457
YHV/Thai/#11bsYHV/Thai/#3bs
YHV/Thai/#7bs678
800
YHV/Thai/ReferenceYHV/Thai/#9
YHV/Thai/#1923
YHV/Taiwan/#2YHV/Taiwan/#3YHV/Taiwan/#1YHV/Taiwan/#4
YHV/Thai/#11YHV/Thai/#1 dead YHV/Thai/#1 live YHV/Thai/#12
276163
14896
157
280
450704
1000
YHV
GAV
New genotype
Australia
ReferenceThailand
TaiwanMalaysia
YH-complex viruses
Slide courtesy P. Walker
18
0.01
942
YHV/Viet/#453458plYHV/Viet/#452pl
983
966
GAV/Aust/#1bsGAV/Aust/ReferenceGAV/Aust/#2bs
YHV/Viet/#454459pl894
335
YHV/Thai/#19bsYHV/Thai/#12bsYHV/Thai/#10bsYHV/Thai/#8bsYHV/Sarawak/#1bs
255207
202526
457
YHV/Thai/#11bsYHV/Thai/#3bs
YHV/Thai/#7bs678
800
YHV/Thai/ReferenceYHV/Thai/#9
YHV/Thai/#1923
YHV/Taiwan/#2YHV/Taiwan/#3YHV/Taiwan/#1YHV/Taiwan/#4
YHV/Thai/#11YHV/Thai/#1 dead YHV/Thai/#1 live YHV/Thai/#12
276163
14896
157
280
450704
1000
YHV
GAV
New genotype
Australia
ReferenceThailand
Taiwan
VietnamMalaysia
YH-complex viruses
Slide courtesy P. Walker
PROBLEM
SpecialistCommissions
Review
Advice of experts or other Specialist Commissions
Draft text
COMMITTEE
DELEGATES
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COMMITTEE,COMMISSIONS,
DELEGATES
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OIE INTERNATIONALSTANDARD
Updatinginternational
standards
OIE list of aquatic animal diseases(2010)
9 fish diseases
7 mollusc diseases
8 crustacean diseases
2 amphibian diseases
Diseases of fishEpizootic haematopoietic necrosis Infectious haematopoietic necrosis Spring viraemia of carp Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia Infectious salmon anaemia Epizootic ulcerative syndrome Gyrodactylosis (Gyrodactylus salaris) Red sea bream iridoviral disease Koi herpesvirus disease
Diseases of molluscs Infection with Bonamia ostreae Infection with Bonamia exitiosa Infection with Marteilia refringens Infection with Perkinsus marinus Infection with Perkinsus olseni Infection with Xenohaliotis californiensis Infection with abalone herpes-like virus
Diseases of crustaceansTaura syndrome White spot disease Yellowhead disease Infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosisCrayfish plague (Aphanomyces astaci) Infectious myonecrosis White tail diseaseNecrotising hepatopancreatitis (adopted May 2010)
26 aquatic animals diseases listed by OIE (2009):9 diseases of fish 7 disease of molluscs8 diseases of crustaceans2 diseases of amphibians
Modifications possible on annual basis
Approved at OIE General Session in May
New disease listing enters into force on 1st January the following year
In summary
A reminder for aquatic animal focal points…….
Take part in the commenting process for updating the OIE disease list