office open xml developer workshop office open xml architecture a developer’s introduction to the...

Office Open XML Developer Workshop

Office Open XML ArchitectureOffice Open XML Architecture

A developer’s introduction to the file formats


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ObjectivesObjectives

• In this module, we will learn about the architecture of the Office Open XML formats.

• Primary focus is on concepts that apply to all three main document types.

• Details specific to word processing documents, spreadsheets, or presentations will be covered in separate modules for each of those document types.


Evolution of Document AuthoringEvolution of Document Authoring

Old Approach:Linear, static process

Paper Documents – printed document of recordElectronic Masters – digital work style, temporary until printedFace-to-face Collaboration – time consuming & coordination issuesPaper-based project managementBinary formats with “copy/paste” tasks for content reuse

New Approach:Dynamic, interactive process

Paper Documents – temporary & disposable, rarely usedElectronic formats – automatic, machine-driven processesElectronic collaboration – always using up-to-date informationElectronic management – scheduling, tracking easier to communicateXML formats make content easy to locate, edit and reuse


• Formats describe information• Define content appearance/rendering• Structure content for business processes

Enable machines (software) to use information

Software applications use informationProvide functionality for authoring, organizing,developing, representing, evaluating, reviewing,collaborating, validating, calculating, protecting,and printing information

Formats can influence application design, and vice versaOpen Document Format (ODF) and OpenOffice functionalityOffice Open XML and Microsoft Office functionality

Document Formats and ApplicationsDocument Formats and Applications

-5-


Office Open XML File Formats Office Open XML File Formats


Levels of InteroperabilityReference and Custom-defined SchemasLevels of InteroperabilityReference and Custom-defined Schemas

Custom-defined SchemasData-oriented (e.g.: Price, Invoice)business informationEnable System Integration

XML Reference SchemasDisplay-oriented (Bold, Italics, Tables, Paragraphs, Styles,…)Document FormatEnable Archival and File Formats Interoperability


Levels of Interoperability Reference and Custom-defined SchemasLevels of Interoperability Reference and Custom-defined Schemas

<w:p> <w:r> <w:rPr><w:b /></w:rPr> <w:t>John Doe</w:t> </w:r> <w:r> <w:rPr><w:i /></w:rPr> <w:t>Health Agency</w:t> </w:r></w:p>

XML Reference SchemasDisplay-oriented (for example, Bold, Italics, Tables, Paragraphs, Styles)Document FormatEnable Archival and File Formats Interoperability

DEMO


Levels of Interoperability Reference and Custom-defined SchemasLevels of Interoperability Reference and Custom-defined Schemas

Custom-defined SchemasData-oriented (for example, Price, Invoice)business informationEnable System Integration

<ConferenceReport> <Date>3/24/2004</Date> <Attendees> <Attendee Name=“John Doe”> <Department>

Health Agency </Department> <Potential> <Sales>100</Sales> <Growth>25%</Growth> … </Attendee>

DEMO


Goals of XML File FormatsGoals of XML File Formats

Reduce operational costProgram interoperabilityStreamlined processes

Not locked into a single vendor or platformIntegrated solutions

Successfully share information across applications

Not proprietary

Facilitate openness, transparency and interoperability

Transition from the locked-in approach to system design.


User View of Open XML FilesUser View of Open XML Files

Single fileCompact

Compression

Corruption resistantSegmented architectureCorruption of any part would not prohibit opening

Separation of macro-enabled contentMacro-enabled extension end with “m” instead of “x” (e.g. .docm)VBA, Excel Macro-Sheets, PowerPoint Action Commands

Enforced at runtime by 2007 Office programs


Programmer View of Open XML FilesProgrammer View of Open XML Files

ZIP ArchiveDocument Parts

XML PartsBinary PartsTyped (RFC 2616)

RelationshipsConnections between parts

Content Type StreamA specially-named streamDefines mappings from part names to content typesNot itself a part, not URI addressable

Folder structure for convenience only DEMO


Files and folders – NO! Parts and relationships – YES

How to think about OPC packagesHow to think about OPC packages


Ecma Office Open XML SpecificationsEcma Office Open XML Specifications

WordprocessingML SpreadsheetML PresentationML

ZIP XML + Unicode

DrawingML

Content Types

Custom XML Bibliography

Markup Languages

Relationships

Metadata

DigitalSignatures

VML (legacy) Equations

Open Packaging Convention

Core Technologies

Vocabularies


Ecma Office Open XML SpecificationsEcma Office Open XML Specifications

WordprocessingML(.docx)

SpreadsheetML(.xslx)

PresentationML(.pptx)

ZIP XML

DrawingML

Content Types

Custom XML Bibliography

Shared Markup

Relationships

Metadata

DigitalSignatures

VML (legacy) Equations

Main Document MLs


Core Technologies

Module 06, 07AModule 03, 04

Module 07B Module 05

Module 08

Module 02

Module 01, 09

Module 02

Module 02


Office Open XML Reference SchemasOffice Open XML Reference Schemas

First published schema in September 2005, with ongoing standardization and documentation since then.

In December 2005, Microsoft and 9 other companies submitted upgrades to Ecma International.

Estimated completion for Format specifications by December 2006. (Final vote on December 7!)

Full XML-based environments begins with the 2007 Microsoft Office system.


InteroperabilityInteroperability

Extensibility allows for interoperability problems: the consumer may not understand extensions added by the producer.To guarantee interoperability, there must be a standardized list of allowed media formats, etc.An organization that wants to assure interoperability must take responsibility for making these decisionsExample: MS-Office allows for reliable interoperability by:

Using the Office Open XML formatAutomatic document conversion from legacy formatsUsing the macro-enabled extensions to support a defined set of allowed content types


Office Open XML File Formats ExtensionsOffice Open XML File Formats Extensions

Macro-Free Macro-Enabled

Document Template Document Template

docx dotx docm dotm

pptx potx pptm potm

xlsx xltx xlsm xltm



Hello WorldHello World

Creating the minimal WordprocessingML document


Developer Scenario: Styling ContentDeveloper Scenario: Styling Content

Example: enforce organizational standards for document formatting.

Open XMLProcessing


Example #1: remove confidential information, tracked changes or metadata from outbound documents.

Example #2: remove macros, inappropriate language, or other content from inbound documents.

Developer Scenario: Content InspectionDeveloper Scenario: Content Inspection

Open XMLProcessing

Open XMLProcessing


Back-end system(LOB/CRM/etc.)

Development Scenario: Consuming DocumentsDevelopment Scenario: Consuming Documents

Example: user creates expense reports as spreadsheet documents, which are loaded into a back-end system on the server.

Open XMLProcessing

Authoring environment(Microsoft Office, etc.)


Development Scenario: Document AssemblyDevelopment Scenario: Document Assembly

Example: create sales reports from financial and forecast data stored in a CRM system.

Web client or rich clientallows user to select orenter content criteria

Open XMLProcessing


Example: tagging document content with custom semantics for processing by a back-end system.

Authoring environment

Development Scenario: Custom XML MarkupDevelopment Scenario: Custom XML Markup

Open XMLProcessing


Custom XML Data StoreCustom XML Data Store

Customer-defined XML stored separately from other document partsAny XML can be stored

Document propertiesWSS meta-dataCustom XML (with or without XML schema)

XML data is available as an editable tree (using familiar DOM) within WordExternal applications (client/server) can process the store or populate the store

Doc/Template

Doc Parts

XML

External App


XML Data BindingXML Data Binding

Link content controls to nodes in the XML data storeMappings are created using standard XPath expressionsMicrosoft Offices offers built-in support for mapping to Office metadata (document properties)

Customers


XML Data BindingXML Data Binding


Open XML InteroperabilityOpen XML Interoperability

Linux Java Microsoft COM

ZIP LibraryMinizip

zLib

J2SEjava.util.zip

.NET Framework 3.0System.IO.Packaging *

Xceed .NET controls

Xceed ActiveX controls

XML Library Apache Xerces JAXP .NET Framework 3.0System.Xml MSXML

* Also includes abstractions for OPC concepts (Open Packaging Convention)


Standardization of Office Open XMLStandardization of Office Open XML

/// timeline of current status, etc./// Ecma = December 7, 2006/// submitted to ISO as Fast-Track December 8, 2006/// administration phase, comments were filed; Ecma is working to resolve these comments/// upcoming: DIS ballot period, then the vote


The Ecma SpecThe Ecma Spec

Where to get the final drafthttp://www.ecma-international.org/news/TC45_current_work/TC45-2006-50_final_draft.htm

Organization of the spec1. Fundamentals2. Open Packaging Conventions3. Primer4. Markup Language Reference5. Markup Compatibility and Extensibility

Reference Schemas (XSD, RelaxNG)


The Ecma Spec: Where To StartThe Ecma Spec: Where To Start

Where to get the final drafthttp://www.ecma-international.org/news/TC45_current_work/TC45-2006-50_final_draft.htm

Organization of the spec1. Fundamentals2. Open Packaging Conventions3. Primer4. Markup Language Reference5. Markup Compatibility and Extensibility

Reference Schemas (XSD, RelaxNG)

Read 1st

ReferencematerialsRead 2nd


OpenXmlDeveloper.orgOpenXmlDeveloper.org

Formed by 40 companies to share developer information about the Office Open XML file formats

Articles with full source code for C#, VB, Java, XSLT

Forums for posting technical questions

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