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Offender DNA Databases Global Update Presented by Tim Schellberg Gordon Thomas Honeywell Governmental Affairs HID Users Meeting Brasilia, Brazil September 5, 2012

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CRIMINAL OFFENDER DNA DATABASES SOLVE CRIME REDUCE CRIME EXONERATE THE INNOCENT SAVE MONEY ARE THE ANSWER

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THE WORLD 44 COUNTRIES, OVER 40 MILLION OFFENDER SAMPLES These countries have implemented legislation/polices on a national basis to database the DNA of a defined category of criminal offender ADOPTS DATABASING Australia Austria Barbados Belarus Belgium Canada Chile China Croatia Cyprus Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Hong Kong Hungary Iceland Israel Japan Jordan Kuwait Latvia Lithuania Netherlands New Zealand Macedonia Norway Panama Poland Portugal Qatar Russia Slovenia Slovakia Singapore South Korea Spain Sweden Switzerland Taiwan United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States

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Countries with Nationwide Criminal DNA Database Programs Approx. Sizes Databases over 1 Million 1.China - 12,000,000 (GTH) 2.United States - 10,423,000 (GTH) 3.United Kingdom - 4,859,903 (GTH2010) 4.France - 1,214,511 (GTH2010) Databases over 100K 1.Germany - 746,912 (GTH) 2.Canada - 223,735 (GTH) 3.Australia - 200,000 (GTH est.) 4.Israel - 170,000 (GTH) 5.Austria - 129,901 (GTH) 6.New Zealand - 124,000 (GTH) 7.Netherlands - 121,272 (GTH) 8.Switzerland - 114,364 (GTH2010) 9.Spain - 112,106 (GTH) 10.Finland - 112,036 (GTH) Databases over 50K 1.Sweden - 99,443 (GTH) Japan - 80,000 (GTH) 2.Denmark - 77,500 (GTH) 3.Hungary - 75,809 (2010) 4.Taiwan - 60,000 (GTH) Databases 50K or less 1.Russia - 50,000 (est.) 2.Jordan - 40,000 (GTH) 3.Singapore - 40,000 (est.) 4.Belarus - 35,000 (GTH) 5.Chile - 35,000 (est.) 6.Latvia - 32,402 (GTH) 7.South Korea - 32,295 (GTH) 8.Hong Kong - 30,000 (GTH est.) 9.Croatia - 29,500 (GTH) 10.Estonia - 29,274 (GTH2010) 11.Poland - 28,071 (GTH) 12.Norway - 23,809 ( GTH2010) 13.United Arab Emirates -23,000 (GTH) 14.Kuwait - 20,000 (GTH) 15.Belgium - 18,012 (GTH) 16.Panama - 15,000 (GTH est.) 17.Slovakia - 8,216 (GTH2010) 18.Portugal - 6,000 (GTH est.) 19.Romania - 5,820 (GTH) 20.Iceland - 5,000 (GTH est.) 21.Slovenia - 3,750 (GTH) 22.Cyprus - 3,000 (GTH est.) 23.Macedonia - 2,449 (GTH) 24.Barbados - 2,000 (GTH est.) ***In countries that do not have national database programs, we estimate 1-3 million additional samples exist from suspects and volunteers but not placed into national database.

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THE WORLD IS POSITIONING FOR EXPLOSIVE GROWTH OF OFFENDER DATABASE PROGRAMS India Indonesia Brazil (Leg Passed) Pakistan Nigeria Mexico Vietnam Turkey Thailand Italy (Leg passed) South Africa Ukraine Colombia Kenya Argentina Peru Saudi Arabia Malaysia (Leg Passed) Algeria Morocco Sri Lanka Czech Republic Ireland Uruguay (Leg Pased) WHO WILL BE NEXT?

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666 CODIS IS QUICKLY BECOMING THE Country # Labs Republic of Korea (1) Latvia (1) Lithuania(1) Netherlands(1) Norway(1) Poland(1) Portugal(1) *Romania(1) Singapore(1) Slovakia(1) Spain(7) Sweden(1) Switzerland(1) Country # Labs Australia (2) *Argentina (1) Barbados (1) Belgium (1) *Bosnia (1) *Botswana (1) Brazil (16) Canada (8) *Cayman Islands(1) Chile (1) *Colombia (3) Croatia (1) *Czech Republic(1) Countries with CODIS 7.0 * Using CODIS without nationwide offender DNA database program Country # Labs Denmark(2) Estonia (1) Finland (1) France (2) *Georgia (1) *Greece (1) Hong Kong(2) Hungary (1) Iceland (1) Israel(1) *Italy(2) *Malta(1) *Mexico (1) 39 countries use CODIS 29 of 44 nationwide programs use CODIS INTERNATIONAL DNA DATABASE SOFTWARE STANDARD

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NEW NATIONWIDE IMPLEMENTATIONS Panama Law requires DNA from violent/sex offenders, gun owners and police force Testing underway on criminal offenders Russia Law requires testing from violent/sex offenders Testing has begun on prison population Kuwait Currently collecting from some offenders. Collects from individuals who cannot prove Kuwait citizenship No specific legislation Lithuania All arrestees All sample destruction LAST 12 MONTHS

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IMPLEMENTATION OF NATIONWIDE POLICY Brazil Saudi Arabia Oman Thailand Argentina Italy Greece Kenya Ukraine Malaysia Brunei Costa Rica Uruguay Trinidad & Tobago IN PROGRESS

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Saudi Arabia Most samples not from criminal offenders, but from immigration and religious visitors Thailand Prisoner project positioned to begin in late 2012 Malaysia Royal Malaysian Police and Department of Chemistry combined to create one of the worlds most comprehensive database policy. IMPLEMENTATION OF NATIONWIDE POLICY IN PROGRESS

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GLOBAL IMPACT United States Maryland v. King Declared Unconstitutional by state supreme court. STATUS: Under appeal to US Supreme Court. Chief Justice Roberts has granted a temporary stay. United Kingdom S and Marper v. United Kingdom LEGAL DECISIONS

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CHINAS FIGHT AGAINST Since April 2009 nearly 39,000 human trafficking cases have been solved. The national DNA database is key component of success in China: Samples from parents compared with: Street children/criminals DNA Samples 1,400 children returned to their parents through DNA matches A database has reduced child trafficking in China. Chen Shiqu, Director of the anti-human trafficking office of the Ministry of Public Security. HUMAN TRAFFICKING

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Require DNA from children: Homeless Criminal acts Prostitution Child labor Adoption POTENTIAL LEGISLATIVE POLICY Proactive collection strategies Taskforce Inspection and sampling from at-risk institutions Orphanages Prostitution houses Factories

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Encourage DNA collection from Parents Aggressive educational campaign Considers other relatives if no parents Sampling of parents is becoming protocol once child reported missing POTENTIAL LEGISLATIVE POLICY

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UPDATE FROM Chile Argentina Unique government structure will require state by state approach. Cordoba and Buenos Aires to take the lead. Uruguay Law passed in 2011 May be taken upon consent from anyone held by law enforcement May also be taken from crime scenes, from individuals requested by court order, and from officials of the Ministry of Interior, and Ministry of Defense SOUTH AMERICA

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UPDATE FROM Peru Legislation being developed Positioning to pass comprehensive database categories in South America Sent students to Center of Forensic Excellence Venezuela DNA testing infrastructure project underway Paraguay DNA testing capabilities being developed in partnership with US Governments ICITAP program Colombia Significant testing continues, but still no offender databasing legislation SOUTH AMERICA

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Currently has 30,000 offender samples and 57,000 casework samples The Santiago Times CHILE IS SOUTH AMERICAS ONLY In 2009, Chile becomes first Latin American country to establish nationwide offender DNA database Chiles DNA Lab Director gives Chile President Sebastian Piera a tour of the new DNA lab. NATIONWIDE PROGRAM

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LEGISLATIVE SUCCESS Six years of legislative rejection turns when the impact of a serial murder case comes to light, and the Federal Police and a Senator gets aggressive IN BRAZIL

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Released from prison in 2008 for a violent crime conviction - no DNA taken as legislation failed. DNA VICTIM SUPPORT Rapes and murders five women in Belo Horizonte during 2009, leaving DNA at all crime scenes Four of the five murders could have been prevented if the Brazilian Congress would have passed legislation THE MARCO TRIGUEIRO CASE 2006: Brazilian Congress rejects legislation to allow DNA to be taken from every convicted offender.

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Adna Feitor Porto DIED, January 16, 2009 Edna Cordeiro De Oliveira Freitas DIED, November 11, 2009 Natalia Cristina De Almeida Paiva DIED, October 7, 2009 Maria Helena Lopes Aguilar DIED, September 16, 2009 Ana Carolina Assuncao DIED, April 16, 2009 Congress needed to act to save these (4) innocent women. DNA VICTIM SUPPORT IS SPREADING INTERNATIONALLY

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LEGISLATIVE CHAMPIONS Families of BH victims Brazil Federal Police Sen. Ciro Nogueira

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BRAZIL MOVES LEGISLATION FORWARD Senator Ciro Nogueira passes DNA law from Senate President Rousseff signs DNA database law on May 28, 2012

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SOUTH AMERICA Avoid the European compatibility problem and the need for the complex Prm system Think Global searching during implementation Go higher loci Go CODIS Plan together as a region ON THE MOVE