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International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 2, Issue 7, July 2012 1 ISSN 2250-3153 www.ijsrp.org OF QUANTUM GATES AND COLLAPSING STATES- A DETERMINATE MODEL APRIORI AND DIFFERENTIAL MODEL APOSTEORI 1 DR K N PRASANNA KUMAR, 2 PROF B S KIRANAGI AND 3 PROF C S BAGEWADI ABSTRACT: We Investigate The Holistic Model With Following Composition :( 1) Mpc (Measurement Based Quantum Computing)(2) Preparational Methodologies Of Resource States (Application Of Electric Field Magnetic Field Etc.)For Gate Teleportation(3) Quantum Logic Gates(4) Conditionalities Of Quantum Dynamics(5) Physical Realization Of Quantum Gates(6) Selective Driving Of Optical Resonances Of Two Subsystems Undergoing Dipole-Dipole Interaction By Means Of Say Ramsey Atomic Interferometry(7) New And Efficient Quantum Algorithms For Computation(8) Quantum Entanglements And No localities(9) Computation Of Minimum Energy Of A Given System Of Particles For Experimentation(10) Exponentially Increasing Number Of Steps For Such Quantum Computation(11) Action Of The Quantum Gates(12) Matrix Representation Of Quantum Gates And Vector Constitution Of Quantum States. Stability Conditions, Analysis, Solutional Behaviour Are Discussed In Detailed For The Consummate System. The System Of Quantum Gates And Collapsing States Show Contrast With The Documented Information Thereto. Paper may be extended to exponential time with exponentially increasing steps in the computation. INTRODUCTION: LITERATURE REVIEW: Double quantum dots: interdot interactions, co-tunneling, and Kondo resonances without spin (See for details Qing-feng Sun, Hong Guo ) Authors show that through an interdot off-site electron correlation in a double quantum-dot (DQD) device, Kondo resonances emerge in the local density of states without the electron spin-degree of freedom. They also identify the physical mechanism behind this phenomenon: rather than forming a spin singlet in the device as required in the conventional Kondo physics, that exchange of electron position between the two quantum dots, together with the off-site Coulomb interaction, are sufficient to induce the Kondo resonance. Due to peculiar co-tunneling events, the Kondo resonance in one dot may be pinned at the chemical potential of the other one. Electrical control of inter-dot electron tunneling in a quantum dot molecule( See for details K. Müller, A. Bechtold, C. Ruppert, M. Zecherle, G. Reithmaier, M. Bichler, H.J. Krenner, G. Abstreiter, A. W. Holleitner, J. M. Villas-Bôas, J. J. Finley) Authors employ ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy to directly monitor electron tunneling between discrete orbital states in a pair of spatially separated quantum dots. Immediately after excitation, several peaks are observed in the pump-probe spectrum due to Coulomb interactions between the photo- generated charge carriers. By tuning the relative energy of the orbital states in the two dots and monitoring the temporal evolution of the pump-probe spectra the electron and hole tunneling times are separately measured and resonant tunneling between the two dots is shown to be mediated both by elastic and inelastic processes. Ultrafast (< 5 ps) int Electrons in coupled vertical quantum dots: Interdot

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International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 2, Issue 7, July 2012 1

ISSN 2250-3153

www.ijsrp.org

OF QUANTUM GATES AND COLLAPSING

STATES- A DETERMINATE MODEL APRIORI

AND DIFFERENTIAL MODEL APOSTEORI

1DR K N PRASANNA KUMAR,

2PROF B S KIRANAGI AND

3 PROF C S BAGEWADI

ABSTRACT: We Investigate The Holistic Model With Following Composition :( 1) Mpc

(Measurement Based Quantum Computing)(2) Preparational Methodologies Of Resource States

(Application Of Electric Field Magnetic Field Etc.)For Gate Teleportation(3) Quantum Logic

Gates(4) Conditionalities Of Quantum Dynamics(5) Physical Realization Of Quantum Gates(6)

Selective Driving Of Optical Resonances Of Two Subsystems Undergoing Dipole-Dipole

Interaction By Means Of Say Ramsey Atomic Interferometry(7) New And Efficient Quantum

Algorithms For Computation(8) Quantum Entanglements And No localities(9) Computation Of

Minimum Energy Of A Given System Of Particles For Experimentation(10) Exponentially

Increasing Number Of Steps For Such Quantum Computation(11) Action Of The Quantum

Gates(12) Matrix Representation Of Quantum Gates And Vector Constitution Of Quantum

States. Stability Conditions, Analysis, Solutional Behaviour Are Discussed In Detailed For The

Consummate System. The System Of Quantum Gates And Collapsing States Show Contrast With

The Documented Information Thereto. Paper may be extended to exponential time with

exponentially increasing steps in the computation.

INTRODUCTION:

LITERATURE REVIEW:

Double quantum dots: interdot interactions, co-tunneling, and Kondo resonances without spin (See for details Qing-feng Sun, Hong Guo)

Authors show that through an interdot off-site electron correlation in a double quantum-dot (DQD)

device, Kondo resonances emerge in the local density of states without the electron spin-degree of

freedom. They also identify the physical mechanism behind this phenomenon: rather than forming a

spin singlet in the device as required in the conventional Kondo physics, that exchange of electron

position between the two quantum dots, together with the off-site Coulomb interaction, are sufficient to

induce the Kondo resonance. Due to peculiar co-tunneling events, the Kondo resonance in one dot may

be pinned at the chemical potential of the other one.

Electrical control of inter-dot electron tunneling in a quantum dot molecule( See for details K.

Müller, A. Bechtold, C. Ruppert, M. Zecherle, G. Reithmaier, M. Bichler, H.J. Krenner, G. Abstreiter, A. W. Holleitner, J. M. Villas-Bôas, J. J. Finley)

Authors employ ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy to directly monitor electron tunneling between

discrete orbital states in a pair of spatially separated quantum dots. Immediately after excitation, several

peaks are observed in the pump-probe spectrum due to Coulomb interactions between the photo-

generated charge carriers. By tuning the relative energy of the orbital states in the two dots and

monitoring the temporal evolution of the pump-probe spectra the electron and hole tunneling times are

separately measured and resonant tunneling between the two dots is shown to be mediated both by

elastic and inelastic processes. Ultrafast (< 5 ps) int Electrons in coupled vertical quantum dots: Interdot

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 2, Issue 7, July 2012 2

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tunneling and Coulomb correlation

Inter dot tunneling: (See for details Garnett W. Bryant)

Interdot tunneling, lateral confinement, and Coulomb correlation determine how charge is transferred

when a bias is applied between the dots in coupled quantum dot systems. The effective-mass

Schrödinger equation for interacting electrons confined in coupled vertical double-dot systems is solved

to study interdot charge transfer. The configuration-interaction method is used to explicitly include

intradot and interdot electron correlation. The energy spectra, charge densities, and correlation functions

for interacting two-electron systems in coupled dots are presented as functions of the applied bias

between the dots. In small dots with strong lateral confinement, where the Coulomb energies are larger

than the interdot tunneling resonances, the total charge on a dot changes in integer jumps as a bias is

applied. Lateral correlation is inhibited by strong lateral confinement and charge tunneling out of a dot

is uncorrelated to the charge remaining in the dot. The dot charge changes more smoothly with applied

bias when the dots are more strongly coupled by interdot tunneling or in larger dots where intradot

correlation causes large intradot charge separation, which reduces charging energies and suppresses the

Coulomb blockade of charge transfer. In large dots, charge tunneling out of a dot remains strongly

correlated to charge left on the dot. To study charging in vertical quantum dot resonant-tunneling

structures, the dots must be wide enough that charging energies are large compared to the single-

particle-level spacings, but not so large that intradot correlation strongly suppresses the charging

energies and Coulomb blockade effects.

The Coulomb Blockade in Coupled Quantum Dots (See for details C. Livermore, C. H. Crouch, R. M. Westervelt, K. L. Campman, A. C. Gossard)

Individual quantum dots are often referred to as “artificial atoms.” Two tunnel-coupled quantum dots

can be considered an “artificial molecule.” Low-temperature measurements were made on a series

double quantum dot with adjustable interdot tunnel conductance that was fabricated in a gallium

arsenide-aluminum gallium arsenide heterostructures. The Coulomb blockade was used to determine

the ground-state charge configuration within the “molecule” as a function of the total charge on the

double dot and the interdot polarization induced by electrostatic gates. As the tunnel conductance

between the two dots is increased from near zero to 2e2/h (where e is the electron charge and h is

Planck's constant), the measured conductance peaks of the double dot exhibit pronounced changes in

agreement with many-body theory.

NANO STRUCTURES AND QUANTUM DOTS:

The properties of coupled quantum dot nanostructures depend critically on single-particle interdot

tunneling, lateral confinement, and interparticle Coulomb correlations. Calculations of few-electron and

electron-hole systems that are confined in coupled, vertical quantum dot structures have been done to

obtain a better understanding of the interplay of these effects. Authors presents the results for

symmetric and asymmetric coupled dot structures as a function of the bias applied between the dots and

the dot size. The competition between interdot tunneling and Coulomb correlation provides new optical

signatures for lateral confinement effects in quantum dots and determines which dot structures will

experience Coulomb blockade during tunneling.

Aharonov-Bohm oscillations changed by indirect interdot tunneling via electrodes in parallel-coupled

vertical double quantum dots. (See for details Hatano T, Kubo T, Tokura Y, Amaha S, Teraoka

S, Tarucha S.)

Aharonov-Bohm (AB) oscillations are studied for a parallel-coupled vertical double quantum dot with a

common source and drain electrode. Authors investigate AB oscillations of current via a one-electron

bonding state as the ground state and an antibonding state as the excited state. As the center gate voltage

becomes more negative, the oscillation period is clearly halved for both the bonding and antibonding

states, and the phase changes by half a period for the antibonding state. This result can be explained by

a calculation that takes account of the indirect interdot coupling via the two electrodes.

Quantum logic gates

A quantum logic gate is a device which performs a fixed unitary operation on selected qubits in a fixed

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 2, Issue 7, July 2012

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period of time. The gates listed below ar

describing n qubit gates are written in the computational basis

length n. The diagrams provide schematic representation of the gates.

Hadamard gate

The Hadamard gate is a common single qubit gate

The matrix is written in the computational basis

schematic representation of the gate H acting on a qubit in state

Phase gate

The phase shift gate defined as

Controlled NOT gate

The controlled-NOT (C-NOT) gate, also known as the

popular two-qubit gates. It flips the second (target) qubit if the first (control) qubit is

nothing if the control qubit is . The gate is represented by the unitary matrix

Where x,y = 0 or 1 and denotes XOR or addition modulo 2. If we apply the

in which the target qubit is and the control is either

control unchanged while the target becomes a copy of the control,

A quantum computer is any device for

mechanical phenomena to perform operations on data. In a

program's input is stored in classical

quantum computer, the input is stored in

during the computation. The reason people are excited about quantum computation is because we can

efficiently solve problems on a quantum computer which are believed to not be efficiently solvable on a

classical computer.

Experiments have already been carried out in which

on a very small number of qubits. Research in both theoretical and practical areas continues at a frantic

pace; see Quantum Information Science and Technology Roadmap

heading. Many national government and military funding agencies support quantum computing

research, to develop quantum computers for both civilian and national security purposes, such as

search Publications, Volume 2, Issue 7, July 2012

period of time. The gates listed below are common enough to have their own names. The matrices

qubit gates are written in the computational basis , where x is a binary string of

n. The diagrams provide schematic representation of the gates.

common single qubit gate H defined as

The matrix is written in the computational basis and the diagram on the right provides a

acting on a qubit in state , with x = 0,1.

and , or, in matrix notation,

NOT) gate, also known as the XOR or the measurement gate is one of the most

qubit gates. It flips the second (target) qubit if the first (control) qubit is and does

. The gate is represented by the unitary matrix

denotes XOR or addition modulo 2. If we apply the C-NOT to Boolean data

and the control is either or then the effect is to leave the

control unchanged while the target becomes a copy of the control, i.e.

is any device for computation that makes direct use of distinctively quantum

phenomena to perform operations on data. In a classical (or conventional) computer, the

bits and the computer performs operations on these bits; in a

quantum computer, the input is stored in qubits, and the quantum computer manipulates the qubits

tation. The reason people are excited about quantum computation is because we can

efficiently solve problems on a quantum computer which are believed to not be efficiently solvable on a

Experiments have already been carried out in which quantum computational operations were executed

on a very small number of qubits. Research in both theoretical and practical areas continues at a frantic

Quantum Information Science and Technology Roadmap for a sense of where the research is

ing. Many national government and military funding agencies support quantum computing

research, to develop quantum computers for both civilian and national security purposes, such as

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e common enough to have their own names. The matrices

is a binary string of

and the diagram on the right provides a

, or, in matrix notation,

or the measurement gate is one of the most

and does

to Boolean data

hen the effect is to leave the

quantum

classical (or conventional) computer, the

and the computer performs operations on these bits; in a

qubits, and the quantum computer manipulates the qubits

tation. The reason people are excited about quantum computation is because we can

efficiently solve problems on a quantum computer which are believed to not be efficiently solvable on a

quantum computational operations were executed

on a very small number of qubits. Research in both theoretical and practical areas continues at a frantic

for a sense of where the research is

ing. Many national government and military funding agencies support quantum computing

research, to develop quantum computers for both civilian and national security purposes, such as

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 2, Issue 7, July 2012

ISSN 2250-3153

cracking public key cryptography. See for potential implementations of qu

Examples

Hadamard gate. This gate operates on a single qubit. It is represented by the Hadamard matrix:

Graphical representation of Hadamard gate

Since the rows of the matrix are orthogonal,

Phase shifter gates. Gates in this class operate on a single qubit. They are represented by 2 x 2 matrices

of the form

where θ is the phase shift.

Controlled gates. Suppose U is a gate that operates on single qubits with matrix representation

The controlled-U gate is a gate that operates on two qubits in such a way that the first qubit serves as a

control.

Graphical representation of controlled-U

Thus the matrix of the controlled U gate is as follows:

Uncontrolled gate. We note the difference between

gate

Graphical representation of uncontrolled

defined as follows:

search Publications, Volume 2, Issue 7, July 2012

public key cryptography. See for potential implementations of quantum computation.

Hadamard gate. This gate operates on a single qubit. It is represented by the Hadamard matrix:

Graphical representation of Hadamard gate

Since the rows of the matrix are orthogonal, H is indeed a unitary matrix.

gates. Gates in this class operate on a single qubit. They are represented by 2 x 2 matrices

is a gate that operates on single qubits with matrix representation

s a gate that operates on two qubits in such a way that the first qubit serves as a

U gate

gate is as follows:

Uncontrolled gate. We note the difference between the controlled-U gate and an uncontrolled

Graphical representation of uncontrolled U gate

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gates. Gates in this class operate on a single qubit. They are represented by 2 x 2 matrices

s a gate that operates on two qubits in such a way that the first qubit serves as a

2 qubit

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 2, Issue 7, July 2012

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Represented by the unitary matrix

Since this gate is reducible to more elementary gates it is usually not included in the

quantum gates. It is mentioned here only to contrast it with the previous controlled gate.

Universal Quantum Gates

A set of universal quantum gates is any set of gates to which any operation possible on a quantum

computer can be reduced. One simple set of two

(H), a phase rotation gate

U such that

.

A single-gate set of universal quantum gates can also be formulated using the

gate, D(θ)

The universal classical logic gate, the

showing that all classical logic operations can be performed on a universal quantum computer.

One Qubit Gates

These have a representation as the surface of a sphere, known as the

qubit gate is to rotate one state to another. Using the Bloch Sphere picture, it is readily observed that

any such rotation can be composed of rotations about any two (non

Hence, if we can demonstrate rotation about two different axes in a

it is possible to create arbitrary one qubit rotations.

One way quantum computation (1WQC) uses an initially highly entangled state (cal

and then a pattern of single qubit measurements along different directions, together with feed

based on the results, in order to drive a quantum computation. The final result of the computation is

search Publications, Volume 2, Issue 7, July 2012

Since this gate is reducible to more elementary gates it is usually not included in the basic repertoire of

quantum gates. It is mentioned here only to contrast it with the previous controlled gate.

A set of universal quantum gates is any set of gates to which any operation possible on a quantum

d. One simple set of two-qubit universal quantum gates is the Hadamard gate

, and the controlled-NOT gate, a special case of controlled

gate set of universal quantum gates can also be formulated using the three-qubit Deutsch

The universal classical logic gate, the Toffoli gate, is reducible to the Deutsch gate,

showing that all classical logic operations can be performed on a universal quantum computer.

resentation as the surface of a sphere, known as the Bloch Sphere. The aim of a

is to rotate one state to another. Using the Bloch Sphere picture, it is readily observed that

any such rotation can be composed of rotations about any two (non-parallel) axes.

Hence, if we can demonstrate rotation about two different axes in a Physical Realization, we know that

it is possible to create arbitrary one qubit rotations.

One way quantum computation (1WQC) uses an initially highly entangled state (called a cluster state),

and then a pattern of single qubit measurements along different directions, together with feed-forward

based on the results, in order to drive a quantum computation. The final result of the computation is

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basic repertoire of

A set of universal quantum gates is any set of gates to which any operation possible on a quantum

qubit universal quantum gates is the Hadamard gate

NOT gate, a special case of controlled-

qubit Deutsch

, thus

Bloch Sphere. The aim of a one

is to rotate one state to another. Using the Bloch Sphere picture, it is readily observed that

Physical Realization, we know that

led a cluster state),

forward

based on the results, in order to drive a quantum computation. The final result of the computation is

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obtained by measuring the last remaining qubits in the computational basis. 1WQC was introduced by

Raussendorf and Briegl in 2001 [1]. The key feature is that the computation is not reversible since

measurement "collapses" the state of the measured qubit, effectively disentangling it from the rest of the

cluster. The essential concept underlying 1WQC is teleportation of quantum gates, extending the idea

behind linear optical QC.

The main advantage of 1WQC is that it allows scalable universal QC in systems which have a

probabilistic entangling procedure and single qubit measurements, but without a direct two-qubit

interaction suitable for implementing deterministic entangling gates.

Physical approach and perspective

Optical quantum computing (OQC) exploits measurement-based quantum computing schemes with

photons as physical qubits. The interaction between separate photonic qubits is induced by

measurement, as opposed to a direct interaction via nonlinear media. The two main physical

architectures for OQC are based on proposals by Knill, Laflamme and Milburn [1], the KLM

architecture, and by Raussendorf and Briegel, the one-way quantum computer with cluster states:

KLM allows universal and scalable OQC using only single photons, linear optics and measurement.

The by now seminal KLM work was based on the important findings of Gottesman, Chuang and

Nielsen concerning the role of teleportation for universal quantum computing. The physical resources

for universal (optical) quantum computation in the KLM scheme are multi-particle entangled states and

(entangling) multi-particle projective measurements.

Cluster state quantum computing has become an exciting alternative to existing proposals for quantum

computing, and a linear optics approach is one possible implementation. It consists of a highly

entangled multi-particle state called a cluster state, combined with single-qubit measurements and feed-

forward, which are sufficient to implement scalable, universal quantum computation. Different

algorithms only require a different “pattern” of single qubit operations on a sufficiently large cluster

state. Since only single-particle projections, together with the ability to construct the initial highly

entangled cluster state, are needed to operate such a one-way quantum computer, the cluster state

approach might offer significant technological advantages over existing schemes for quantum

computing: this includes reduced overall complexity and relaxed physical demands on the measurement

process (as compared to sensitive multi-particle projections) as well as a more efficient use of physical

resources.

Currently, the linear optics approach to quantum computation is pursued by the following European

groups: K. Banaszek (Torun, PL), F. DeMartini (Rome, IT), N. Gisin (Geneva, CH), P. Grangier

(Orsay, FR), A. Karlsson (Stockholm, SE), J. Rarity (Bristol, UK), A. Shields (Cambridge, UK), I.

Walmsley (Oxford, UK), H. Weinfurter (Munich, DE), and A. Zeilinger (Vienna, AT).

State of the art

Important key elements for linear optics quantum computation, namely the generation of entangled

states, quantum state teleportation and entanglement swapping have already been realized early in the

field (e.g. teleportation in 1997 and entanglement swapping in 1998). The latest developments include

realization of entanglement purification, freely propagating teleported qubits and feed-forward

technology.

Several practical designs implementing the KLM scheme have sequentially subsequently been

developed. Experimental methods for ultra-precise photonic quantum state creation, which serve as

ancillas in the measurement-based schemes, now achieve typical fidelities above 99%..

Enabling technologies for OQC are:

Characterization of photonic quantum states and processes. A complete, tomographic, characterization

of individual devices is indispensable for error-correction and has quite progressed within the last years.

Quantum process tomography can be used to fully characterize a quantum gate, probing it either with a

range of input states or with a single bipartite maximally entangled state, the second method being the

only viable one for continuous variable quantum processors. Based on the information gained from a

complete process characterization it was recently shown how to estimate (and bound) the error

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probability per gate.

Certifying of the fidelity of processes and quantum states by means other than tomography. The larger

quantum systems becomes the more difficult it is to perform a full set of tomographic measurements.

The number of measurements necessary for a tomographic reconstruction increases exponentially with

the size of the system. In fact, even writing down the density matrix of a quantum state is a task that

grows exponentially harder with the size of the system. Novel methods to reduce the number of

.measurements necessary for a characterization of computational resources states are therefore of

imminent interest and recently several fascinating venues towards replacing tomography as the standard

tool for state characterization have become available

Development of single photons and/or entangled photon sources is required for OQC. Currently, no

source of timed single photons or entanglement is available. In the meantime, bright, albeit non-

deterministic sources of correlated photons or entangled-photon pairs are critical to allow on-going

evaluation of circuit technology as it is developed. Ultra bright and compact sources, some fiber-

coupled to improve mode quality, have been developed. Relatively brighter sources (though not yet in

absolute terms) have been demonstrated using periodically-poled nonlinear waveguides.

High-fidelity multi-qubit measurements (in the KLM scheme) and reliable preparation of multi-qubit

states (in both the KLM and the cluster state scheme).

Strengths and weaknesses

Current drawbacks of the OQC approach are low photon creation rates, low photon detection

efficiencies, and the difficulties with intermediate storage of photons in a quantum memory (see also

section 4.1.3). Advantages are obviously low decoherence (due to the photon’s weak coupling to the

environment), ultrafast processing, compatibility to fiber optics and integrated optics technologies and,

in principle, straightforward scalability of resources. A major advantage for OQC is the very short time

for one computational step achievable by using ultra-fast switches for the implementation of active

feed-forward. With present technologies this can be done in less than 100 nanoseconds [4] (in the future

probably down to 10 nanoseconds). However, the low efficiencies quoted above are presently an

important practical limitation to scalability, in the sense that they damp exponentially the success

probability of most quantum operations.

Challenges

The main challenges for OQC can be summarized as follows:

To achieve fault-tolerant quantum computing. The basic elements of fault-tolerance for OQC are

becoming well understood. It has recently been shown that also optical cluster state QC may be

performed in a fault-tolerant manner. Error models for KLM-style OQC have found that error

thresholds for gates are above 1.78%.

To reduce the resources required for OQC further and to find the limiting bounds on the required

resources. To achieve massive parallelism of qubit processing by investing in source and detector

technologies. Specifically, the development of high-flux sources of single photons and of entangled

photons as well as photon-number resolving detectors will be of great benefit to achieve this goal. To

generate high-fidelity, large multi-photon (or, more generally, many-particle) entangled states. This will

be of crucial importance for cluster state quantum computing.

To implement OQC architectures on smaller, integrated circuits. All of the current technologies involve

either free space optics or combinations of free-space optics and optical fibers. To achieve long term

scale-up, it will be essential to move to waveguide and integrated optics. Recent work has shown

tremendous progress towards that goal (see, e.g., [8]).

Computational complexity

The class of problems that can be efficiently solved by quantum computers is called BQP, for "bounded

error, quantum, and polynomial time". Quantum computers only run randomized algorithms, so BQP on

quantum computers is the counterpart of BPP on classical computers. It is defined as the set of

problems solvable with a polynomial-time algorithm, whose probability of error is bounded away from

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one half. A quantum computer is said to "solve" a problem if, for every instance, its answer will be right

with high probability. If that solution runs in polynomial time, then that problem is in BQP.

BQP is suspected to be disjoint from NP-complete and a strict superset of P, but that is not known.

Both integer factorization and discrete log are in BQP. Both of these problems are NP problems

suspected to be outside BPP, and hence outside P. Both are suspected to not be NP-complete. There is a

common misconception that quantum computers can solve NP-complete problems in polynomial time.

That is not known to be true, and is generally suspected to be false.

An operator for a quantum computer can be thought of as changing a vector by multiplying it with a

particular matrix. Multiplication by a matrix is a linear operation. It has been shown that if a quantum

computer could be designed with nonlinear operators, then it could solve NP-complete problems in

polynomial time. It could even do so for #P-complete problems. It is not yet known whether such a

machine is possible.

Although quantum computers are sometimes faster than classical computers, ones of the types

described above can't solve any problems that classical computers can't solve, given enough time and

memory (albeit possibly an amount that could never practically be brought to bear). A Turing

machine can simulate these quantum computers, so such a quantum computer could never solve

an undecidable problem like the halting problem. The existence of "standard" quantum computers does

not disprove the Church-Turing thesis.

BQP

BQP, in computational complexity theory, stands for "Bounded error, Quantum, Polynomial time". It

denotes the class of problems solvable by a computer in polynomial time, with an error probability of at

most 1/4 for all instances.

In other words, there is an algorithm for a quantum computer that is guaranteed to run in polynomial

time. On any given run of the algorithm, it has a probability of at most 1/4 that it will give the wrong

answer. .

The choice of 1/4 in the definition is arbitrary. Changing the constant to any real number k such that 0

< k < 1/2 does not change the set BQP. The idea is that there is a small probability of error, but running

the algorithm many times produces an exponentially-small chance that the majority of the runs are

wrong.

The number of qubits in the computer is allowed to be a function of the instance size. For example,

algorithms are known for factoring an n-bit integer using just over 2n qubits.

Quantum computers have gained widespread interest because some problems of practical interest are

known to be in BQP, but suspected to be outside P. Currently, only three such problems are known:

Discrete logarithm

This class is defined for a quantum computer. The corresponding class for an ordinary Turing

machine plus a source of randomness is BPP.

BQP contains P and BPP and is contained in PP and PSPACE. In fact, BQP is low for PP, meaning that

a PP machine achieves no benefit from being able to solveBQP problems instantly, an indication of the

vast difference in power between these similar classes.

Microwave quantum logic gates for trapped ions (See for details C. Ospelkaus),

Control over physical systems at the quantum level is important in fields as diverse as metrology,

information processing, simulation and chemistry. For trapped atomic ions, the quantized motional and

internal degrees of freedom can be coherently manipulated with laser light. Similar control is difficult to

achieve with radio-frequency or microwave radiation: the essential coupling between internal degrees

of freedom and motion requires significant field changes over the extent of the atoms’ motion, but such

changes are negligible at these frequencies for freely propagating fields. An exception is in the near

field of microwave currents in structures smaller than the free-space wavelength where stronger

gradients can be generated. Here we first manipulate coherently (on timescales of 20 nanoseconds) the

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internal quantum states of ions held in a micro fabricated trap. The controlling magnetic fields are

generated by microwave currents in electrodes that are integrated into the trap structure. We also

generate entanglement between the internal degrees of freedom of two atoms with a gate

operation suitable for general quantum computation; the entangled state has a fidelity of 0.76(3), where

the uncertainty denotes standard error of the mean. Our approach, which involves integrating the

quantum control mechanism into the trapping device in a scalable manner, could be applied to quantum

information processing, simulation and spectroscopy.

Subject terms:

Robust trapped-ion quantum logic gates by continuous dynamical decoupling P. O. Schmidt, M.

B. Plenio1, and A. Retzker

We introduce a scheme that combines phonon-mediated quantum logic gates in trapped ions with the

benefits of continuous dynamical decoupling. Authors demonstrate theoretically that a strong driving of

the qubit decouples it from external magnetic-field noise, enhancing the fidelity of two-qubit quantum

gates. Moreover, the scheme does not require ground-state cooling, and is inherently robust to undesired

ac Stark shifts. The underlying mechanism can be extended to a variety of other systems where a strong

driving protects the quantum coherence of the qubits without compromising the two-qubit couplings.

Toffoli gate

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 2, Issue 7, July 2012

ISSN 2250-3153

Circuit representation of Toffoli gate

In computer science, the Toffoli gate

universal reversible logic gate, which means that any reversible circuit can be constructed from Toffoli

gates. It is also known as the "controlled

Background

A logic gate L is reversible if, for any output

a gate L is reversible, there is an inverse gate

logic gates, NOT is reversible, as can be seen from its truth table below.

INPU

T

OUTP

UT

0 1

1 0

The common AND gate is not reversible however. The inputs 00, 01 and 10 all get mapped to the

output 0.

The original motivation was that reversible

normal gate, input states are lost, since less information is present in the output than was present at the

input. This loss of information loses energy to the surrounding area(gains) as heat, bec

of thermodynamic entropy. Another way to understand this is that charges on a circuit are grounded and

thus flow away, taking a small charge of energy with them when they change state. A reversible gate

only moves the states around, and since no infor

More recent motivation comes from

transformations to be reversible but allows more general states of the computation (superpositions).

Thus, the reversible gates form a subset of gates allowed by quantum mechanics and, if we can compute

something reversibly, we can also compute it on a quantum computer.

Universality and Toffoli gate

Any reversible gate must have the same number of input and output bits, by the

For one input bit, there are two possible

gate which maps its input to the output unchanged. For two input bits, the only non

the controlled NOT gate which XORs the

Truth table Matrix form

search Publications, Volume 2, Issue 7, July 2012

Toffoli gate (also CCNOT gate), invented by Tommaso Toffoli, is a

logic gate, which means that any reversible circuit can be constructed from Toffoli

gates. It is also known as the "controlled-controlled-not" gate, which describes its action.

is reversible if, for any output y, there is a unique input x such that applying L(x) =

is reversible, there is an inverse gate L′ which maps y to x for which(x) = y. From c

logic gates, NOT is reversible, as can be seen from its truth table below.

The common AND gate is not reversible however. The inputs 00, 01 and 10 all get mapped to the

The original motivation was that reversible gates dissipate less heat (or, in principle, no heat). In a

normal gate, input states are lost, since less information is present in the output than was present at the

input. This loss of information loses energy to the surrounding area(gains) as heat, bec

thermodynamic entropy. Another way to understand this is that charges on a circuit are grounded and

thus flow away, taking a small charge of energy with them when they change state. A reversible gate

only moves the states around, and since no information is lost, energy is conserved.

More recent motivation comes from quantum computing. Quantum mechanics requires the

transformations to be reversible but allows more general states of the computation (superpositions).

subset of gates allowed by quantum mechanics and, if we can compute

something reversibly, we can also compute it on a quantum computer.

Any reversible gate must have the same number of input and output bits, by the pigeonhole principle.

For one input bit, there are two possible reversible gates. One of them is NOT. The other is the identity

gate which maps its input to the output unchanged. For two input bits, the only non-trivial gate is

which XORs the first bit to the second bit and leaves the first bit unchanged.

10

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Tommaso Toffoli, is a

logic gate, which means that any reversible circuit can be constructed from Toffoli

L(x) = y. If

y. From common

The common AND gate is not reversible however. The inputs 00, 01 and 10 all get mapped to the

gates dissipate less heat (or, in principle, no heat). In a

normal gate, input states are lost, since less information is present in the output than was present at the

input. This loss of information loses energy to the surrounding area(gains) as heat, because

thermodynamic entropy. Another way to understand this is that charges on a circuit are grounded and

thus flow away, taking a small charge of energy with them when they change state. A reversible gate

requires the

transformations to be reversible but allows more general states of the computation (superpositions).

subset of gates allowed by quantum mechanics and, if we can compute

principle.

gates. One of them is NOT. The other is the identity

trivial gate is

first bit to the second bit and leaves the first bit unchanged.

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 2, Issue 7, July 2012

ISSN 2250-3153

INPU

T

OUTP

UT

0

0

0 0

0 1 0 1

1 0 1 1

1 1 1 0

Unfortunately, there are reversible functions which cannot be computed using just those gates. In other

terms, the set consisting of NOT and XOR gates is not universal (see functional completeness). If we

would like to compute an arbitrary function by reve

the Toffoli gate, proposed in 1980 by Toffoli.

This gate has a 3-bit input and output. If the first two bits are set, it flips the third bit. Following is a

table over the input and output bits(For

Truth table Matrix form

INPUT OUTPU

T

0

0

0

0

0

0

0 0 1 0 0 1

0 1 0 0 1 0

0 1 1 0 1 1

1 0 0 1 0 0

1 0 1 1 0 1

1 1 0 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 0

It can be also described as mapping bits a,

The Toffoli gate is universal; this means that for any

consisting of Toffoli gates which takes

outputs x1, x2, ..., xm, f(x1, x2, ..., xm), and some extra bits (called garbage). Essentially, this means

that one can use Toffoli gates to build systems that will perform any desired boolean function

computation in a reversible manner.

Related logic gates (Figures are taken from the Home Page of Wikipedia)

search Publications, Volume 2, Issue 7, July 2012

Unfortunately, there are reversible functions which cannot be computed using just those gates. In other

terms, the set consisting of NOT and XOR gates is not universal (see functional completeness). If we

would like to compute an arbitrary function by reversible gates, we need another gate. One possibility is

Toffoli gate, proposed in 1980 by Toffoli.

bit input and output. If the first two bits are set, it flips the third bit. Following is a

For more details see Stanford Encyclopedia and Wikipedia)

It can be also described as mapping bits a, b and c to a, b and c XOR (a AND b).

The Toffoli gate is universal; this means that for any boolean function f(x1, x2, ..., xm), there is a circuit

consisting of Toffoli gates which takes x1, x2, ..., xm and some extra bits set to 0 or 1 and

xm), and some extra bits (called garbage). Essentially, this means

that one can use Toffoli gates to build systems that will perform any desired boolean function

e taken from the Home Page of Wikipedia)

11

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Unfortunately, there are reversible functions which cannot be computed using just those gates. In other

terms, the set consisting of NOT and XOR gates is not universal (see functional completeness). If we

rsible gates, we need another gate. One possibility is

bit input and output. If the first two bits are set, it flips the third bit. Following is a

xm), there is a circuit

and some extra bits set to 0 or 1 and

xm), and some extra bits (called garbage). Essentially, this means

that one can use Toffoli gates to build systems that will perform any desired boolean function

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 2, Issue 7, July 2012 12

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.

Relation to quantum computing

Any reversible gate can be implemented on a quantum computer, and hence the Toffoli gate is also a

quantum operator. However, the Toffoli gate cannot be used for universal quantum computation,

though it does mean that a quantum computer can implement all possible classical computations. The

Toffoli gate has been successfully realized in January 2009 at the University of Innsbruck, Austria.

In his celebrated paper Adolf Haimovici (3), studied the growth of a two species ecological system

divided on age groups. In this paper, we establish that his processual regularities and procedural

formalities can be applied for consummation of a system of oxygen consumption by terrestrial

organisms. Notations are changed towards the end of obtaining higher number of equations in the

holistic study of the global climate models. Quintessentially, Haimovician diurnal dynamics are used to

draw interesting inferences, from the simple fact that terrestrial organisms consume oxygen due to

cellular respiration.

Entanglement a resource for Quantum Computation:

Pursuant to their interaction,, quantum particles generally behave inexorable and inextricably as a

single nonseparable entangled consummate and consolidated system The concept of entanglement

plays an essential role in quantum physics. Many a physicist have resorted to experimentation in so far

as entanglement is concerned, some of them with Rydberg atoms and microwave photons in a cavity

and tested quantum mechanics in situations of increasing complexity. Entanglement, it is reported that

resulted either from a resonant exchange of energy between atoms and the cavity field or from

dispersive energy shifts affecting atoms and photons when they were not resonant. With two entangled

particles (two atoms or one atom and a photon), . This has lead to consummation of the newer

configuration of new versions of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen situation. The detection of one particle

projected the other, at a distance, in a correlated state. This process could be viewed as an elementary

measurement, one particle being a ‘‘meter’’ measuring the other. Raimond etal. performed a ‘‘quantum

nondemolition’’ measurement of a single photon, which was detected repeatedly without destroying it.

Entanglement is also essential to understand decoherence, the process accounting for the classical

appearance of the macroscopic world. A mesoscopic superposition of states (‘‘Schrõdinger cat’’) gets

rapidly entangled with its environment, losing its quantum coherence. We have prepared a Schrõdinger

cat made of a few photons and studied the dynamics of its decoherence, in an experiment which

constitutes a glimpse at the quantum/classical boundary. Entanglement is also used as a resource for

the processing of quantum information. By using quantum two-state systems (qubits) instead of

classical bits of information, one can perform logical operations exploiting quantum interferences and

taking advantage of the properties of entanglement. Manipulating as qubits atoms and photons in a

cavity, we have operated a quantum gate and applied it to the generation of a complex three-particle

entangled state

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PREPARATION OF RESOURCE STATES SUITABLE FOR GATE TELEPORATATION

AND MBQC(MEASUREMENT BASED QUANTUM COMPUTATION): MODULE NUMBERED ONE:

NOTATION :

��� : CATEGORY ONE OF MBQC

��� : CATEGORY TWO OF MBQC

��� : CATEGORY THREE OF MBQC

��� :CATEGORY ONE OF RESOURCE STATES SUITABLE FOR TELEPORATATION

��� : CATEGORY TWO OF RESOURCE STATES SUITABLE FOR TELEPORATATION

��� : CATEGORY THREE OF RESOURCE STATES SUITABLE FOR TELEPORATATION

CONDITIONALITIES OF QUANTUM DYNAMICS(EXERCISE OF MAGNETIC FIELD,

ELECTRIC FIELD ETC., EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS) AND QUANTUM LOGIC GATE:

MODEULE NUMBERED TWO

=========================================================================

��� : CATEGORY ONE OF QUANTUM LOGIC GATES

�� : CATEGORY TWO OF QUANTUM LOGIC GATES

�� :CATEGORY THREE OF QUANTUM LOGIC STATES

��� : CATEGORY ONE OF CONDITIONALITIES OF QUANTUM DYNAMICS

�� : CATEGORY TWO OF CONDITIONALITIES OF QUANTUM DYNAMICS

�� : CATEGORY THREE OF CONDITIONALITIES OF QUANTUM DYNAMICS

QUANTUM GATES(PHYSICAL REALISATION OF QUANTUM GATES) AND RAMSEY

ATOMIC INTERFEROMETRY METHODOLOGY USING AND INDUCED SELECTIVE

DRIVING OF OPTICAL RESONANCES OF TWQO SUBSYSTEMS UNDERGOING DIPOLE

DIPOLE INTERACTION : MODULE NUMBERED THREE

=========================================================================

��� : CATEGORY ONE OF INDUCED”SELECTIVE DRIVING OF OPTICAL RESONANCES OF

TWO SUBSYSTEMS UNDERGOING DIPOLE-DIPOLE INTERACTION

��� : CATEGORY TWO OF INDUCED “SELECTIVE DRIVING OF OPTICAL RESONANCES OF

TWO SUBSYSTEMS UNDRGOING DIPOLE-DIPOLE INTERACTION”

��� : CATEGORY THREE OF INDUCED “SELECTIVE DRIVING OF OPTICAL RESONANCES

OF TWO SUBSYSTEMS UNDERGOING DIPOLE-DIPOLE INTERACTION”

��� : CATEGORY ONE OF THE PHYSICAL REALISATION OF QUANTUM GATES

��� : CATEGORY TWO OF PHYSICAL REALISATIONS OF QUANTUM GATES

��� : CATEGORY THREE OF QUANTUM GATES(PHYSICAL REALISATION THEREOF)

QUANTUM ENTAGLEMENT AND NONLOCALITY AND NEW EFFCIENT ALGORITHMS:

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MODULE NUMBERED FOUR:

=========================================================================

��� : CATEGORY ONE OF QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENTS AND OR NONLOCALITIES

��� : CATEGORY TWO OF QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENTS AND NONLOCALITIES

��� :CATEGORY THREE OF QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENTS AND NONLOCALITIES

��� :CATEGORY ONE OF SET OF EFFCIENT ALGORITHMS

��� : CATEGORY TWO OF SET OF EFFCIENT ALGORITHMS ��� : CATEGORY THREE OF SET OF NEW AND EFFCIENT ALGORITHMS SET

COMPUTATIONAL COMPLEXITY OR THE EXPONENTIALLY INCREASING NUMBER

OF STEPS IN A SYSTEM OF PARTICLES AND COMPUTATION OF THE MINIMUM

ENERGY OF SYSTEM OF PARTICLES: MODULE NUMBERED FIVE:

=========================================================================

=========

�� : CATEGORY ONE OF EXPONENTIALLY INCREASING NUMBER OF STEPS INA SYSTEM

OF PARICLES DURING QUANTUM COMPUTATION

�� : CATEGORY TWO OF EXPONENTIALLY INCREASING NUMBER OF STEPS INA

SYSTEM OF PARTICLES BELONGING TO ANOTHER CATEGORY THAN THAT OF

CATEGORY ONE DURING QUANTUM COMPUTATION

��� : CATEGORY THREE OF EXPONENTIALLY INCREASING NUMBER IOF STEPS IN A

SYSTEM OF PARTCILES DURING QUANTUM COMPUTATION BELONGING TO DIFFERENT

CATEGORY(HERE CATEGORY THREE)

�� : CATEGORY ONE OF QUANTUM COMPUTATION OF THE MINIMUM ENERGY OF A

GIVEN SYSTEM OF NUMBERABLE PARTICLES

�� : CATEGORY TWO OF QUANTUM COMPUTATION OF MINUM ENERGY OF SOME

SYSTEM OF PARTCILES OTHER THAN CATEGORY ONE ��� : CATEGORY THREE OF QUANTUM COMPUTATION OF THE MINIMUM ENERGY OF

SOME SYSTEM OF PARTCILES UNDER STUDY BELONGING TO CATEGORY OTHER THAN

THE ONE MENTIONED IN THE FOREGOING

ACTION OF QUANTUM GATES AND MATRIX REPRESENTATION OF THE GATE AND

VECTOR CONSTITUTION OF QUANTUM STATE: MODULE NUMBERED SIX(NOTE

THAT THERE IS ALWAYS A TIME LAG IN SUCH A DISSSIPATION PROCESS)

==========================================================================

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��� : CATEGORY ONE OF MATRIX REPRESENTATION OF THE QUANTUM GATE AND

VECTOR CONSTITUTION OF QUANTUM STATE AND CONCOMITANT ACTION OF THE

QUABNTUM GATE

��� :CATEGORY TWO OF THE MATRIX REPRESENTATION OF THE QUANTUM GATE AND

VECTOR CONSTITUTION OF QUANTUM STATETO THE CONCOMITANT AND

CORRESPONDING OF THE ACTION OF QUANTUM GATE CLASSIFIED BELOW

��� : CATEGORY THREE OF THE MATRIOX RESENTATION OF QUANTUM GATE AND

VECTOR CONSTITUTION OF THE QUANTUM STATE TO THE CONCOMITANT ACTION OF

THE QUANTUM GATE CLASSIFIED BELOW

��� : CATEGORY ONE OF THE ACTION OF THE CORESPONDING QUANTUM GATES

��� : CATEGORY TWO OF THE ACTION OF THE CORRESPONDING QUANTUM GATES ��� :CATEGORY THREE OF THE ACTION OF THE CORRESPONDING QUANTUM GATES

ACCENTUATION COEFFCIENTS OF

THE HOLISTIC SYSTEM:

(1)MBQC(MEASUREMENT BASED QUANTUM COMPUTING)

(2) PREPARATIONAL METHODOLOGIES OF RESOURCE STATES (APPLICATION OF

ELECTRIC FIELD MAGNETCI FIELD ETC.)FOR GATE TELEPORATATION

(3) QUANTUM LOGIC GATES

(4) CONDITIONALITIES OF QUANTUM DYNAMICS

(5) PHYSICAL REALISATION OF QUANTUM GATES

(6) SELECTIVE DRIVING OF OPTICAL RESONANCES OF TWO SUBSYSTEMS

UNDERGOING DIPOLE-DIPOLE INTERACTION BY MEANS OF SAY RAM,SEY ATOMIC

INTERFEROMETRY

(7) NEW AND EFFCIENT QUANTUM ALGORITHMS FOR COMPUTATION

(8) QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENTS AND NONLOCALITIES

(9) COMPUTATION OF MINIMUM ENERGY OF A GIVEN SYSTEM OF PARTICLES FOR

EXPERIMENTATION

(10) EXPONENTIALLY INCRESING NUMBER OF STEPS FOR SUCH QUANTUM

COMPUTATION

(11) ACTION OF THE QUANTUM GATES

(12) MATRIX REPRESENTATION OF QUANTUM GATES AND VECTOR CONSTITUTION

OF QUANTUM STATES

==========================================================================

��������, ��������, ��������, ��������, ��������, �������� ��������, �������, ������� ��������, �������, �������: ��������, ��������, �������� , ��������, ��������, ��������

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 2, Issue 7, July 2012 16

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��������, ��������, ��������, ��������, ��������, ��������, �������, ��� ����, ��������,�������, ��� ����, ��������, ��������, ��������, ��������, ��������, ��������, �������� DISSIPATION COEFFICIENTS OF THE HOLISTIC SYSTEM:

========================================================================

����′ ����, ����′ ����, ����′ ����, ����′ ����, ����′ ����, ����′ ����, ����′ ����, ���′ ����, ���′ ����, ����′ ����, ���′ ����, ���′ ���� , ����′ ����, ����′ ����, ����′ ����, ����′ ����, ����′ ����, ����′ ���� ����′ ����, ����′ ����, ����′ ����, ����′ ����, ����′ ����, ����′ ����, ���′ ����, ��� ′ ����, ����′ ���� ���′ ����, ��� ′ ����, ����′ ���� , ����′ ����, ����′ ����, ����′ ����, ����′ ����, ����′ ����, ����′ ����

GOVERNING EQUATIONS: SYSTEM: 1) MBQC (MEASUREMENT BASED QUANTUM

COMPUTING) (2) PREPARATIONAL METHODOLOGIES OF RESOURCE STATES

(APPLICATION OF ELECTRIC FIELD MAGNETCI FIELD ETC.)FOR GATE

TELEPORATATION

The differential system of this model is now

������ = ����������� − �����′ ���� + ����′′ ��������, ������

��� �� = ����������� − �����′ ���� + ����′′ ��������, ������

���!�� = ����������� − "����′ ���� + ����′′ ��������, ��# ���

�$���� = ����������� − �����′ ���� − ����′′ ������, ������

�$� �� = ����������� − �����′ ���� − ����′′ ������, ������

�$�!�� = ����������� − "����′ ���� − ����′′ ������, ��# ���

+����′′ ��������, �� = First augmentation factor −����′′ ������, �� = First detritions factor

GOVERNING EQUATIONS:SYSTEM NUMBERED TWO: 3) QUANTUM LOGIC GATES(4)

CONDITIONALITIES OF QUANTUM DYNAMICS

The differential system of this model is now

���%�� = ���������� − �����′ ���� + ����′′ �������, ������

���&�� = ���������� − ����′ ���� + ���′′ �������, �����

���'�� = ��������� − ����′ ���� + ���′′ �������, �����

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 2, Issue 7, July 2012 17

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�$�%�� = ���������� − �����′ ���� − ����′′ �������� �, ������

�$�&�� = ���������� − ����′ ���� − ���′′ �������� �, �����

�$�'�� = ��������� − ����′ ���� − ���′′ �������� �, �����

+����′′ �������, �� = First augmentation factor

−����′′ �������� �, �� = First detritions factor

GOVERNING EQUATIONS: 5) PHYSICAL REALISATION OF QUANTUM GATES(6)

SELECTIVE DRIVING OF OPTICAL RESONANCES OF TWO SUBSYSTEMS

UNDERGOING DIPOLE-DIPOLE INTERACTION BY MEANS OF SAY RAM,SEY ATOMIC

INTERFEROMETRY

The differential system of this model is now

��()�� = ����������� − �����′ ���� + ����′′ ��������, ������

��(��� = ����������� − �����′ ���� + ����′′ ��������, ������

��((�� = ����������� − �����′ ���� + ����′′ ��������, ������

�$()�� = ����������� − �����′ ���� − ����′′ ��������, ������

�$(��� = ����������� − �����′ ���� − ����′′ ��������, ������

�$((�� = ����������� − �����′ ���� − ����′′ ��������, ������ +����′′ ��������, �� = First augmentation factor

−����′′ ��������, �� = First detritions factor

GOVERNING EQUATIONS: 7) NEW AND EFFCIENT QUANTUM ALGORITHMS FOR

COMPUTATION(8) QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENTS AND NONLOCALITIES

The differential system of this model is now

��( �� = ����������� − �����′ ���� + ����′′ ��������, ������

��(!�� = ����������� − "����′ ���� + ����′′ ��������, ��# ���

��(%�� = ����������� − �����′ ���� + ����′′ ��������, ������

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 2, Issue 7, July 2012 18

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�$( �� = ����������� − �����′ ���� − ����′′ ���������, ������

�$(!�� = ����������� − "����′ ���� − ����′′ ���������, ��# ���

�$(%�� = ����������� − �����′ ���� − ����′′ ���������, ������

+����′′ ��������, �� = First augmentation factor

−����′′ ���������, �� = First detritions factor

GOVERNING EQUATIONS: (9) COMPUTATION OF MINIMUM ENERGY OF A GIVEN

SYSTEM OF PARTICLES FOR EXPERIMENTATION(10) EXPONENTIALLY INCRESING

NUMBER OF STEPS FOR SUCH QUANTUM COMPUTATIONMODULE NUMBERED FIVE

The differential system of this model is now

��('�� = ��������� − ����′ ���� + ���′′ ������� , �����

��(*�� = ��� ������ − ���� ′ ���� + ��� ′′ ������� , �����

���)�� = ���������� − �����′ ���� + ����′′ ������� , ������

�$('�� = ��������� − ����′ ���� − ���′′ ����������, �����

�$(*�� = ��� ������ − ���� ′ ���� − ��� ′′ ����������, �����

�$�)�� = ���������� − �����′ ���� − ����′′ ����������, ������

+���′′ ������� , �� = First augmentation factor

−���′′ ����������, �� = First detritions factor

GOVERNING EQUATIONS: 11) ACTION OF THE QUANTUM GATES(12) MATRIX

REPRESENTATION OF QUANTUM GATES AND VECTOR CONSTITUTION OF

QUANTUM STATES(LOGARITHMIC APPLICATION DERIVATION)

The differential system of this model is now

���(�� = ����������� − �����′ ���� + ����′′ ��������, ������

������ = ����������� − �����′ ���� + ����′′ ��������, ������

��� �� = ����������� − �����′ ���� + ����′′ ��������, ������

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 2, Issue 7, July 2012 19

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�$�(�� = ����������� − �����′ ���� − ����′′ ����������, ������

�$���� = ����������� − �����′ ���� − ����′′ ����������, ������

�$� �� = ����������� − �����′ ���� − ����′′ ����������, ������

+����′′ ��������, �� = First augmentation factor

−����′′ ����������, �� = First detritions factor

GOVERNING EQUATIONS OF THE HOLISTIC SYSTEM:

THE HOLISTIC SYSTEM:

(1)MBQC(MEASUREMENT BASED QUANTUM COMPUTING)

(2) PREPARATIONAL METHODOLOGIES OF RESOURCE STATES (APPLICATION OF

ELECTRIC FIELD MAGNETCI FIELD ETC.)FOR GATE TELEPORATATION

(3) QUANTUM LOGIC GATES

(4) CONDITIONALITIES OF QUANTUM DYNAMICS

(5) PHYSICAL REALISATION OF QUANTUM GATES

(6) SELECTIVE DRIVING OF OPTICAL RESONANCES OF TWO SUBSYSTEMS

UNDERGOING DIPOLE-DIPOLE INTERACTION BY MEANS OF SAY RAM,SEY ATOMIC

INTERFEROMETRY

(7) NEW AND EFFCIENT QUANTUM ALGORITHMS FOR COMPUTATION

(8) QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENTS AND NONLOCALITIES

(9) COMPUTATION OF MINIMUM ENERGY OF A GIVEN SYSTEM OF PARTICLES FOR

EXPERIMENTATION

(10) EXPONENTIALLY INCRESING NUMBER OF STEPS FOR SUCH QUANTUM

COMPUTATION

(11) ACTION OF THE QUANTUM GATES

(12) MATRIX REPRESENTATION OF QUANTUM GATES AND VECTOR CONSTITUTION

OF QUANTUM STATES

=========================================================================

������ = ����������� − + ����′ ���� +����′′ ��������, �� +����′′ ���,�,����, �� +����′′ ���,�,�����, �� +����′′ ���,�,�,�,�����, �� +���′′ ���,�,�,�,���� , �� +����′′ ���,�,�,�,�����, �� , ���

��� �� = ����������� − + ����′ ���� +����′′ ��������, �� +���′′ ���,�,����, �� +����′′ ���,�,�����, �� +����′′ ���,�,�,�,�����, �� +��� ′′ ���,�,�,�,���� , �� +����′′ ���,�,�,�,�����, �� , ���

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���!�� = ����������� − + ����′ ���� +����′′ ��������, �� +���′′ ���,�,����, �� +����′′ ���,�,�����, �� +����′′ ���,�,�,�,�����, �� +����′′ ���,�,�,�,���� , �� +����′′ ���,�,�,�,�����, �� , ���

Where ����′′ ��������, �� , ����′′ ��������, �� , ����′′ ��������, �� are first augmentation coefficients for

category 1, 2 and 3

+����′′ ���,�,����, �� , +���′′ ���,�,����, �� , +���′′ ���,�,����, �� are second augmentation coefficient

for category 1, 2 and 3

+����′′ ���,�,�����, �� , +����′′ ���,�,�����, �� , +����′′ ���,�,�����, �� are third augmentation coefficient for

category 1, 2 and 3

+����′′ ���,�,�,�,�����, �� , +����′′ ���,�,�,�,�����, �� , +����′′ ���,�,�,�,�����, �� are fourth augmentation

coefficient for category 1, 2 and 3

+���′′ ���,�,�,�,���� , �� , +��� ′′ ���,�,�,�,���� , �� , +����′′ ���,�,�,�,���� , �� are fifth augmentation

coefficient for category 1, 2 and 3

+����′′ ���,�,�,�,�����, �� , +����′′ ���,�,�,�,�����, �� , +����′′ ���,�,�,�,�����, �� are sixth augmentation

coefficient for category 1, 2 and 3

�$���� = ����������� − - ����′ ���� −����′′ ������, �� −����′′ ���,�,���� , �� – ����′′ ���,�,�����, �� −����′′ ���,�,�,�,����, �� −���′′ ���,�,�,�,�����, �� −����′′ ���,�,�,�,�����, �� / ���

�$� �� = ����������� − + ����′ ���� −����′′ ������, �� −���′′ ���,�,���� , �� – ����′′ ���,�,�����, �� −����′′ ���,�,�,�,����, �� −��� ′′ ���,�,�,�,�����, �� −����′′ ���,�,�,�,�����, �� , ���

�$�!�� = ����������� − + ����′ ���� −����′′ ������, �� −���′′ ���,�,���� , �� – ����′′ ���,�,�����, �� −����′′ ���,�,�,�,����, �� −����′′ ���,�,�,�,�����, �� −����′′ ���,�,�,�,�����, �� , ���

Where −����00 ������, �� , −����00 ������, �� , −����00 ������, �� are first detrition coefficients for category

1, 2 and 3

−����00 ���,�,���� , �� , −���00 ���,�,���� , �� , −���00 ���,�,���� , �� are second detrition coefficients for

category 1, 2 and 3

−����00 ���,�,�����, �� , −����00 ���,�,�����, �� , −����00 ���,�,�����, �� are third detrition coefficients for

category 1, 2 and 3

−����00 ���,�,�,�,����, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,�,����, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,�,����, �� are fourth detrition

coefficients for category 1, 2 and 3

−���00 ���,�,�,�,�����, �� , −��� 00 ���,�,�,�,�����, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,�,�����, �� are fifth detrition coefficients

for category 1, 2 and 3

−����00 ���,�,�,�,�����, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,�,�����, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,�,�����, �� are sixth detrition

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coefficients for category 1, 2 and 3

���%�� = ���������� − + ����0 ���� +����00 �������, �� +����00 ���,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,������, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� +���00 ���,�,�,�,����� , �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� , ���

���&�� = ���������� − + ���0 ���� +���00 �������, �� +����00 ���,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,������, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� +��� 00 ���,�,�,�,����� , �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� , ��

���'�� = ��������� − + ���0 ���� +���00 �������, �� +����00 ���,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,������, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,����� , �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� , ��

Where +����00 �������, �� , +���00 �������, �� , +���00 �������, �� are first augmentation coefficients for

category 1, 2 and 3

+����00 ���,�,�����, �� , +����00 ���,�,�����, �� , +����00 ���,�,�����, �� are second augmentation coefficient

for category 1, 2 and 3

+����00 ���,�,������, �� , +����00 ���,�,������, �� , +����00 ���,�,������, �� are third augmentation coefficient

for category 1, 2 and 3

+����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� , +����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� , +����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� are fourth augmentation

coefficient for category 1, 2 and 3

+���00 ���,�,�,�,����� , �� , +��� 00 ���,�,�,�,����� , �� , +����00 ���,�,�,�,����� , �� are fifth augmentation

coefficient for category 1, 2 and 3

+����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� , +����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� , +����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� are sixth augmentation

coefficient for category 1, 2 and 3

�$�%�� = ���������� − + ����0 ���� −����00 ������� , �� −����00 ���,�,���, �� – ����00 ���,�,�,�����, �� −����00 ���,�,�,�,�����, �� −���00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� −����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� , ���

�$�&�� = ���������� − + ���0 ���� −���00 ������� , �� −����00 ���,�,���, �� – ����00 ���,�,�,�����, �� −����00 ���,�,�,�,�����, �� −��� 00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� −����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� , ��

�$�'�� = ��������� − + ���0 ���� −���00 ������� , �� −����00 ���,�,���, �� – ����00 ���,�,�,�����, �� −����00 ���,�,�,�,�����, �� −����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� −����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� , ��

where −�b��00 �����G� , t� , −�b�00 �����G� , t� , −�b�00 �����G� , t� are first detrition coefficients for

category 1, 2 and 3

−����00 ���,�,���, �� , −����00 ���,�,���, �� , −����00 ���,�,���, �� are second detrition coefficients for

category 1,2 and 3

−����00 ���,�,�,�����, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,�����, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,�����, �� are third detrition coefficients for

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category 1,2 and 3

−����00 ���,�,�,�,�����, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,�,�����, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,�,�����, �� are fourth detrition

coefficients for category 1,2 and 3

−���00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� , −��� 00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� are fifth detrition

coefficients for category 1,2 and 3

−����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� are sixth detrition

coefficients for category 1,2 and 3

��()�� =����������� − - ����0 ���� +����00 ��������, �� +����00 ���,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� +���00 ���,�,�,�,�,����� , �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� / ���

��(��� =����������� − + ����0 ���� +����00 ��������, �� +���00 ���,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� +��� 00 ���,�,�,�,�,����� , �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� , ���

��((�� =����������� − + ����0 ���� +����00 ��������, �� +���00 ���,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,�,����� , �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� , ���

+����00 ��������, �� , +����00 ��������, �� , +����00 ��������, �� are first augmentation coefficients for

category 1, 2 and 3

+����00 ���,�,�����, �� , +���00 ���,�,�����, �� , +���00 ���,�,�����, �� are second augmentation

coefficients for category 1, 2 and 3

+����00 ���,�,�,�����, �� , +����00 ���,�,�,�����, �� , +����00 ���,�,�,�����, �� are third augmentation coefficients

for category 1, 2 and 3

+����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� , +����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� , +����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� are fourth

augmentation coefficients for category 1, 2 and 3

+���00 ���,�,�,�,�,����� , �� , +��� 00 ���,�,�,�,�,����� , �� , +����00 ���,�,�,�,�,����� , �� are fifth augmentation

coefficients for category 1, 2 and 3

+����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� , +����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� , +����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� are sixth augmentation

coefficients for category 1, 2 and 3

�$()�� =

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����������� − + ����0 ���� −����00 ��������, �� – ����00 ���,�,����� , �� – ����00 ���,�,�,���, �� −����00 ���,�,�,�,�,�����, �� −���00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� −����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� , ���

�$(��� =����������� − + ����0 ���� −����00 ��������, �� – ���00 ���,�,����� , �� – ����00 ���,�,�,���, �� −����00 ���,�,�,�,�,�����, �� −��� 00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� −����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� , ���

�$((�� =����������� − + ����0 ���� −����00 ��������, �� – ���00 ���,�,����� , �� – ����00 ���,�,�,���, �� −����00 ���,�,�,�,�,�����, �� −����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� −����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� , ���

−����00 ��������, �� , −����00 ��������, �� , −����00 ��������, �� are first detrition coefficients for

category 1, 2 and 3

−����00 ���,�,����� , �� , −���00 ���,�,����� , �� , −���00 ���,�,����� , �� are second detrition coefficients

for category 1, 2 and 3

−����00 ���,�,�,���, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,���, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,���, �� are third detrition coefficients for

category 1,2 and 3

−����00 ���,�,�,�,�,�����, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,�,�,�����, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,�,�,�����, �� are fourth detrition

coefficients for category 1, 2 and 3

−���00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� , −��� 00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� are fifth detrition

coefficients for category 1, 2 and 3

−����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� are sixth detrition

coefficients for category 1, 2 and 3

8���8� = ����������� − + ����0 ���� +����00 ��������, �� +���00 ���,�,���� , �� +����00 ���,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,�,������, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,�,������, �� , ���

8���8� = ����������� − + ����0 ���� +����00 ��������, �� +��� 00 ���,�,���� , �� +����00 ���,������, �� +����00 ���,�,�,������, �� +���00 ���,�,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,�,������, �� , ���

8���8� = ����������� − + ����0 ���� +����00 ��������, �� +����00 ���,�,���� , �� +����00 ���,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,�,������, �� +���00 ���,�,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,�,������, �� , ���

9ℎ;<; ����00 ��������, �� , ����00 ��������, �� , ����00 ��������, �� �<; =><?� �@AB;C���>DC ED;==>E>;C�? =D< +���00 ���,�,���� , �� , +��� 00 ���,�,���� , �� , +����00 ���,�,���� , �� �<; ?;EDC8 �@AB;C���>DC ED;==>E>;C� +����00 ���,�,�����, �� , +����00 ���,�,�����, �� , +����00 ���,�,�����, �� �<; �ℎ><8 �@AB;C���>DC ED;==>E>;C�

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+����00 ���,�,�,������, �� , +����00 ���,�,�,������, �� , +����00 ���,�,�,������, �� are fourth augmentation

coefficients for category 1, 2,and 3

+����00 ���,�,�,�����, �� , +���00 ���,�,�,�����, �� , +���00 ���,�,�,�����, �� are fifth augmentation

coefficients for category 1, 2,and 3

+����00 ���,�,�,������, �� , +����00 ���,�,�,������, �� , +����00 ���,�,�,������, �� are sixth augmentation

coefficients for category 1, 2,and 3

8���8� = ����������� − +����0 ���� −����00 �������, �� −���00 ���,�,�����, �� – ����00 ���,�,�����, �� −����00 ���,�,�,����, �� −����00 ���,�,�,����� , �� – ����00 ���,�,�,������, �� , ���

8���8� = ����������� − +����0 ���� −����00 �������, �� −��� 00 ���,�,�����, �� – ����00 ���,�,�����, �� −����00 ���,�,�,����, �� −���00 ���,�,�,����� , �� – ����00 ���,�,�,������, �� , ���

8���8� = ����������� − + ����0 ���� −����00 �������, �� −����00 ���,�,�����, �� – ����00 ���,�,�����, �� −����00 ���,�,�,����, �� −���00 ���,�,�,����� , �� – ����00 ���,�,�,������, �� , ���

9ℎ;<; −����00 �������, �� , −����00 �������, �� , −����00 �������, �� �<; =><?� 8;�<>�>DC ED;==>E>;C�? =D<−���00 ���,�,�����, �� , −��� 00 ���,�,�����, �� , −����00 ���,�,�����, �� �<; ?;EDC8 8;�<>�>DC ED;==>E>;C�? =D<−����00 ���,�,�����, �� , −����00 ���,�,�����, �� , −����00 ���,�,�����, �� �<; �ℎ><8 8;�<>�>DC ED;==>E>;C�? =D< −����00 ���,�,�,����, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,����, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,����, �� �<; =D@<�ℎ 8;�<>�>DC ED;==>E>;C�? =D< E��;AD<F 1, 2 �C8 3 −����00 ���,�,�,����� , �� , −���00 ���,�,�,����� , �� , −���00 ���,�,�,����� , �� �<; =>=�ℎ 8;�<>�>DC ED;==>E>;C�? =D< E��;AD<F 1, 2 �C8 3 – ����00 ���,�,�,������, �� , – ����00 ���,�,�,������, �� , – ����00 ���,�,�,������, �� �<; ?>J�ℎ 8;�<>�>DC ED;==>E>;C�? =D< E��;AD<F 1, 2 �C8 3

��('�� = ��������� − + ���0 ���� +���00 ������� , �� +����00 ���,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,������, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� , ��

8�� 8� = ��� ������ − + ��� 0 ���� +��� 00 ������� , �� +����00 ���,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,������, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� +���00 ���,�,�,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� , ��

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8���8� = ���������� − - ����0 ���� +����00 ������� , �� +����00 ���,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,������, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� +���00 ���,�,�,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� / ���

9ℎ;<; +���00 ������� , �� , +��� 00 ������� , �� , +����00 ������� , �� �<; =><?� �@AB;C���>DC ED;==>E>;C�?KC8 +����00 ���,�,�����, �� , +����00 ���,�,�����, �� , +����00 ���,�,�����, �� �<; ?�EDC8 �@AB;C���>DC ED;==>E>;C�+����00 ���,�,������, �� , +����00 ���,�,������, �� , +����00 ���,�,������, �� �<; �ℎ><8 �@AB;C���>DC ED;==>E>;C�+����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� , +����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� , +����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� are fourth augmentation

coefficients for category 1,2, and 3

+����00 ���,�,�,�,�����, �� , +���00 ���,�,�,�,�����, �� , +���00 ���,�,�,�,�����, �� are fifth augmentation

coefficients for category 1,2,and 3

+����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� , +����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� , +����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� are sixth augmentation

coefficients for category 1,2, 3

8��8� = ��������� − + ���0 ���� −���00 ��������, �� −����00 ���,�,����, �� – ����00 ���,�,������, �� −����00 ���,�,�,�,����, �� −����00 ���,�,�,�,����� , �� – ����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� , ��

8�� 8� = ��� ������ − + ��� 0 ���� −��� 00 ��������, �� −����00 ���,�,����, �� – ����00 ���,�,������, �� −����00 ���,�,�,�,����, �� −���00 ���,�,�,�,����� , �� – ����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� , ��

8���8� = ���������� − + ����0 ���� −����00 ��������, �� −����00 ���,�,����, �� – ����00 ���,�,������, �� −����00 ���,�,�,�,�,���, �� −���00 ���,�,�,�,����� , �� – ����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� , ���

Lℎ;<; – ���00 ��������, �� , −��� 00 ��������, �� , −����00 ��������, �� �<; =><?� 8;�<>�>DC ED;==>E>;C�? =D< E��;AD<F 1, 2 �C8 3 −����00 ���,�,����, �� , −����00 ���,�,����, �� , −����00 ���,�,����, �� �<; ?;EDC8 8;�<>�>DC ED;==>E>;C�? =D<−����00 ���,�,������, �� , −����00 ���,�,������, �� , −����00 ���,�,������, �� �<; �ℎ><8 8;�<>�>DC ED;==>E>;C�? −����00 ���,�,�,�,����, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,�,����, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,�,�,���, �� are fourth detrition coefficients

for category 1,2, and 3

−����00 ���,�,�,�,����� , �� , −���00 ���,�,�,�,����� , �� , −���00 ���,�,�,�,����� , �� are fifth detrition coefficients

for category 1,2, and 3

– ����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� , – ����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� , – ����00 ���,�,�,�,������, �� are sixth detrition

coefficients for category 1,2, and 3

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8���8� = �����������− + ����0 ���� +����00 ��������, �� +���00 ���,�,����� , �� +����00 ���,�,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� , ���

8���8� = �����������− + ����0 ���� +����00 ��������, �� +��� 00 ���,�,����� , �� +����00 ���,�,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� +���00 ���,�,�,�,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� , ���

8���8� = �����������− + ����0 ���� +����00 ��������, �� +����00 ���,�,����� , �� +����00 ���,�,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� +���00 ���,�,�,�,�,�����, �� +����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� , ���

+����00 ��������, �� , +����00 ��������, �� , +����00 ��������, �� �<; =><?� �@AB;C���>DC ED;==>E>;C�? =D< +���00 ���,�,����� , �� , +��� 00 ���,�,����� , �� , +����00 ���,�,����� , �� �<; ?;EDC8 �@AB;C���>DC ED;==>E>;C�?+����00 ���,�,�,�����, �� , +����00 ���,�,�,�����, �� , +����00 ���,�,�,�����, �� �<; �ℎ><8 �@AB;C���>DC ED;==>E>;C�?+����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� , +����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� , +����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� - are fourth

augmentation coefficients

+����00 ���,�,�,�,�,�����, �� , +���00 ���,�,�,�,�,�����, �� , +���00 ���,�,�,�,�,�����, �� - fifth augmentation

coefficients

+����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� , +����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� , +����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� sixth augmentation

coefficients

8���8� = �����������− + ����0 ���� −����00 ��������, �� – ���00 ���,�,������, �� – ����00 ���,�,�,����, �� −����00 ���,�,�,�,�,����, �� −����00 ���,�,�,�,�,����� , �� – ����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� , ���

8���8� = �����������− + ����0 ���� −����00 ��������, �� – ��� 00 ���,�,������, �� – ����00 ���,�,�,����, �� −����00 ���,�,�,�,�,����, �� −���00 ���,�,�,�,�,����� , �� – ����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� , ���

8���8� = �����������− + ����0 ���� −����00 ��������, �� – ����00 ���,�,������, �� – ����00 ���,�,�,����, �� −����00 ���,�,�,�,�,����, �� −���00 ���,�,�,�,�,����� , �� – ����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� , ���

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−����00 ��������, �� , −����00 ��������, �� , −����00 ��������, �� �<; =><?� 8;�<>�>DC ED;==>E>;C�? =D< E��;AD<F−���00 ���,�,������, �� , −��� 00 ���,�,������, �� , −����00 ���,�,������, �� �<; ?;EDC8 8;�<>�>DC ED;==>E>;C�?−����00 ���,�,�,����, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,����, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,����, �� �<; �ℎ><8 8;�<>�>DC ED;==>E>;C�? −����00 ���,�,�,�,�,����, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,�,�,����, �� , −����00 ���,�,�,�,�,����, �� are fourth detrition

coefficients for category 1, 2, and 3

−����00 ���,�,�,�,�,����� , �� , −���00 ���,�,�,�,�,����� , �� , −���00 ���,�,�,�,�,����� , �� are fifth detrition

coefficients for category 1, 2, and 3

– ����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� , – ����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� , – ����00 ���,�,�,�,�,������, �� are sixth detrition

coefficients for category 1, 2, and 3

Where we suppose

(A) ��M����, ��M0����, ��M00����, ��M����, ��M0����, ��M00���� > 0, >, P = 13,14,15

(B) The functions ��M00����, ��M00���� are positive continuous increasing and bounded.

Definition of �SM����, �<M����: ��M00��������, �� ≤ �SM���� ≤ � KU�� ���� ��M00������, �� ≤ �<M���� ≤ ��M0���� ≤ � VW�� ����

(C) X>B$(→Z��M00���� ����, �� = �SM���� lim^→Z��M00���� ��, �� = �<M����

Definition of � KU�� ����, � VW�� ���� : Where � KU�� ����, � VW�� ����, �SM����, �<M���� are positive constants and > = 13,14,15

They satisfy Lipschitz condition:

|��M00��������0 , �� − ��M00��������, ��| ≤ � W�� ����|��� − ���0 |;a� bc�� �����

|��M00������0, �� − ��M00������, ��| < � W�� ����||� − �0||;a� bc�� �����

With the Lipschitz condition, we place a restriction on the behavior of functions ��M00��������0 , �� and��M00��������, �� . ����0 , �� and ����, �� are points belonging to the interval �� W�� ����, � fc�� ����� . It is to be noted that ��M00��������, �� is uniformly continuous. In the eventuality

of the fact, that if � fc�� ���� = 1 then the function ��M00��������, �� , the FIRST augmentation coefficient

would be absolutely continuous.

Definition of � fc�� ����, � W�� ���� : (D) � fc�� ����, � W�� ����, are positive constants

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�gh����� bc�� ���� , �ih����� bc�� ���� < 1

Definition of � jW�� ����, � kW�� ���� : (E) There exists two constants � jW�� ���� and � kW�� ���� which together

with � fc�� ����, � W�� ����, �KU������ and � VW�� ���� and the constants ��M����, ��M0����, ��M����, ��M0����, �SM����, �<M����, > = 13,14,15, satisfy the inequalities

�� bc�� ���� [ ��M���� + ��M0���� + � KU�� ���� + � jW�� ���� � W�� ����] < 1

�� bc�� ���� [ ��M���� + ��M0���� + � VW�� ���� + � kW�� ���� � W�� ����] < 1

Where we suppose (F) ��M����, ��M0����, ��M00����, ��M����, ��M0����, ��M00���� > 0, >, P = 16,17,18

(G) The functions ��M00����, ��M00���� are positive continuous increasing and bounded.

Definition of �pr����, �rr����:

��M00�������, �� ≤ �SM���� ≤ � KU�� ����

��M00������� , �� ≤ �<M���� ≤ ��M0���� ≤ � VW�� ����

(H) lim$(→Z��M00���� ���, �� = �SM����

lim�→Z��M00���� ���� �, �� = �<M����

Definition of � KU�� ����, � VW�� ���� : Where � KU�� ����, � VW�� ����, �SM����, �<M���� are positive constants and > = 16,17,18

They satisfy Lipschitz condition:

|��M00�������0 , �� − ��M00�������, ��| ≤ � W�� ����|�� − ��0 |;a� bc�% ��(��

|��M00�������� �0, �� − ��M00�������� �, ��| < � W�� ����||��� � − ��� �0||;a� bc�% ��(��

With the Lipschitz condition, we place a restriction on the behavior of functions ��M00�������0 , �� and��M00�������, �� . ���0 , �� and ���, �� are points belonging to the interval �� W�� ����, � fc�� ����� . It is to be noted that ��M00�������, �� is uniformly continuous. In the eventuality of the fact, that if � fc�� ���� = 1 then the function ��M00�������, �� , the first augmentation coefficient attributable to

terrestrial organisms, would be absolutely continuous.

Definition of � fc�� ����, � W�� ���� :

(I) � fc�� ����, � W�� ����, are positive constants

�gh��(�� bc�% ��(� , �ih��(�� bc�% ��(� < 1

Definition of � jW�� ����, � kW�� ���� : There exists two constants � jW�� ���� and � kW�� ���� which together

with � fc�� ����, � W�� ����, �KU�������C8 � VW�� ���� and the constants

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��M����, ��M0����, ��M����, ��M0����, �SM����, �<M����, > = 16,17,18, satisfy the inequalities

�� sc �% ��(� [ �ar���� + �ar0���� + � Ac�� ���� + � Pc�� ���� � kW�� ����] < 1

�� bc�% ��(� [ ��M���� + ��M0���� + � VW�� ���� + � kW�� ���� � W�� ����] < 1

Where we suppose

(J) ��M����, ��M0����, ��M00����, ��M����, ��M0����, ��M00���� > 0, >, P = 20,21,22

The functions ��M00����, ��M00���� are positive continuous increasing and bounded.

Definition of �SM����, �rr����: ��M00��������, �� ≤ �SM���� ≤ � KU�� ���� ��M00��������, �� ≤ �<M���� ≤ ��M0���� ≤ � VW�� ����

X>B$(→Z��M00���� ����, �� = �SM���� lim^→Z��M00���� ����, �� = �<M���� Definition of � KU�� ����, � VW�� ���� : Where � KU�� ����, � VW�� ����, �SM����, �<M���� are positive constants and > = 20,21,22

They satisfy Lipschitz condition:

|��M00��������0 , �� − ��M00��������, ��| ≤ � W�� ����|��� − ���0 |;a� bc() �����

|��M00��������0, �� − ��M00��������, ��| < � W�� ����||��� − ���0||;a� bc() �����

With the Lipschitz condition, we place a restriction on the behavior of functions ��M00��������0 , �� and��M00��������, �� . ����0 , �� And ����, �� are points belonging to the interval �� W�� ����, � fc�� ����� . It is to be noted that ��M00��������, �� is uniformly continuous. In the eventuality of the fact, that if � fc�� ���� = 1 then the function ��M00��������, �� , the first augmentation coefficient attributable to

terrestrial organisms, would be absolutely continuous.

Definition of � fc�� ����, � W�� ���� : (K) � fc�� ����, � W�� ����, are positive constants

�gh����� bc() ���� , �ih����� bc() ���� < 1

There exists two constants There exists two constants � jW�� ���� and � kW�� ���� which together with � fc�� ����, � W�� ����, �KU�������C8 � VW�� ���� and the constants ��M����, ��M0����, ��M����, ��M0����, �SM����, �<M����, > = 20,21,22, satisfy the inequalities

�� bc() ���� [ ��M���� + ��M0���� + � KU�� ���� + � jW�� ���� � W�� ����] < 1

�� bc() ���� [ ��M���� + ��M0���� + � VW�� ���� + � kW�� ���� � W�� ����] < 1

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Where we suppose

(L) ��M����, ��M0����, ��M00����, ��M����, ��M0����, ��M00���� > 0, >, P = 24,25,26

(M) The functions ��M00����, ��M00���� are positive continuous increasing and bounded.

Definition of �SM����, �<M����: ��M00��������, �� ≤ �SM���� ≤ � KU�� ���� ��M00���������, �� ≤ �<M���� ≤ ��M0���� ≤ � VW�� ����

(N) X>B$(→Z��M00���� ����, �� = �SM���� lim^→Z��M00���� �����, �� = �<M���� Definition of � KU�� ����, � VW�� ���� : Where � KU�� ����, � VW�� ����, �SM����, �<M���� are positive constants and > = 24,25,26

They satisfy Lipschitz condition:

|��M00��������0 , �� − ��M00��������, ��| ≤ � W�� ����|��� − ���0 |;a� bc( �� ��

|��M00���������0, �� − ��M00���������, ��| < � W�� ����||���� − ����0||;a� bc( �� ��

With the Lipschitz condition, we place a restriction on the behavior of functions ��M00��������0 , �� and��M00��������, �� . ����0 , �� and ����, �� are points belonging to the interval �� W�� ����, � fc�� ����� . It is to be noted that ��M00��������, �� is uniformly continuous. In the eventuality of the fact, that if � fc�� ���� = 4 then the function ��M00��������, �� , the first augmentation coefficient attributable to

terrestrial organisms, would be absolutely continuous.

Definition of � fc�� ����, � �c �� ���� : (O) � fc�� ����, � W�� ����, are positive constants

�gh�� �� bc( �� � , �ih�� �� bc( �� � < 1

Definition of � jW�� ����, � kW�� ���� : (Q) There exists two constants � jW�� ���� and � kW�� ���� which together with � fc�� ����, � W�� ����, �KU�������C8 � VW�� ���� and the constants ��M����, ��M0����, ��M����, ��M0����, �SM����, �<M����, > = 24,25,26,

satisfy the inequalities

�� bc( �� � [ ��M���� + ��M0���� + � KU�� ���� + � jW�� ���� � W�� ����] < 1

�� bc( �� � [ ��M���� + ��M0���� + � VW�� ���� + � kW�� ���� � W�� ����] < 1

Where we suppose

(R) ��M����, ��M0����, ��M00����, ��M����, ��M0����, ��M00���� > 0, >, P = 28,29,30

(S) The functions ��M00����, ��M00���� are positive continuous increasing and bounded.

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Definition of �SM����, �<M����: ��M00������� , �� ≤ �SM���� ≤ � KU� ���� ��M00����������, �� ≤ �<M���� ≤ ��M0���� ≤ � VW� ����

(T) X>B$(→Z��M00���� ��� , �� = �SM���� lim^→Z��M00���� ����, �� = �<M����

Definition of � KU� ����, � VW� ���� : Where � KU� ����, � VW� ����, �SM����, �<M���� are positive constants and > = 28,29,30

They satisfy Lipschitz condition:

|��M00������� 0 , �� − ��M00������� , ��| ≤ � W� ����|�� − �� 0 |;a� bc(' ��!��

|��M00����������0, �� − ��M00����������, ��| < � W� ����||����� − �����0||;a� bc(' ��!��

With the Lipschitz condition, we place a restriction on the behavior of functions ��M00������� 0 , �� and��M00������� , �� . ��� 0 , �� and ��� , �� are points belonging to the interval �� W� ����, � fc� ����� . It is to be noted that ��M00������� , �� is uniformly continuous. In the eventuality of the fact, that if � fc� ���� = 5 then the function ��M00������� , �� , the first augmentation coefficient attributable to

terrestrial organisms, would be absolutely continuous.

Definition of � fc� ����, � W� ���� : (U) � fc� ����, � W� ����, are positive constants

�gh��!�� bc(' ��!� , �ih��!�� bc(' ��!� < 1

Definition of � jW� ����, � kW� ���� : (V) There exists two constants � jW� ���� and � kW� ���� which together with � fc� ����, � W� ����, �KU������C8 � VW� ���� and the constants ��M����, ��M0����, ��M����, ��M0����, �SM����, �<M����, > = 28,29,30, satisfy the inequalities

�� bc(' ��!� [ ��M���� + ��M0���� + � KU� ���� + � jW� ���� � W� ����] < 1

�� bc(' ��!� [ ��M���� + ��M0���� + � VW� ���� + � kW� ���� � W� ����] < 1

Where we suppose

��M����, ��M0����, ��M00����, ��M����, ��M0����, ��M00���� > 0, >, P = 32,33,34

(W) The functions ��M00����, ��M00���� are positive continuous increasing and bounded.

Definition of �SM����, �<M����: ��M00��������, �� ≤ �SM���� ≤ � KU�� ���� ��M00����������, �� ≤ �<M���� ≤ ��M0���� ≤ � VW�� ����

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(X) X>B$(→Z��M00���� ����, �� = �SM���� lim^→Z��M00���� ������, �� = �<M����

Definition of � KU�� ����, � VW�� ���� : Where � KU�� ����, � VW�� ����, �SM����, �<M���� are positive constants and > = 32,33,34

They satisfy Lipschitz condition:

|��M00��������0 , �� − ��M00��������, ��| ≤ � W�� ����|��� − ���0 |;a� bc�( ��%��

|��M00����������0, �� − ��M00����������, ��| < � W�� ����||����� − �����0||;a� bc�( ��%��

With the Lipschitz condition, we place a restriction on the behavior of functions ��M00��������0 , �� and��M00��������, �� . ����0 , �� and ����, �� are points belonging to the interval �� W�� ����, � fc�� ����� . It is to be noted that ��M00��������, �� is uniformly continuous. In the eventuality of the fact, that if � fc�� ���� = 6 then the function ��M00��������, �� , the first augmentation coefficient attributable to

terrestrial organisms, would be absolutely continuous.

Definition of � fc�� ����, � W�� ���� : � fc�� ����, � W�� ����, are positive constants

�gh��%�� bc�( ��%� , �ih��%�� bc�( ��%� < 1

Definition of � jW�� ����, � kW�� ���� : There exists two constants � jW�� ���� and � kW�� ���� which together with � fc�� ����, � W�� ����, �KU�������C8 � VW�� ���� and the constants ��M����, ��M0����, ��M����, ��M0����, �SM����, �<M����, > = 32,33,34, satisfy the inequalities

�� bc�( ��%� [ ��M���� + ��M0���� + � KU�� ���� + � jW�� ���� � W�� ����] < 1

�� bc�( ��%� [ ��M���� + ��M0���� + � VW�� ���� + � kW�� ���� � W�� ����] < 1

Theorem 1: if the conditions IN THE FOREGOING above are fulfilled, there exists a solution satisfying

the conditions

Definition of �M�0� , �M�0� :

�M��� ≤ � jW�� ����;� bc�� ����� , �M�0� = �M� > 0

�M��� ≤ � kW�� ����;� bc�� ����� , �M�0� = �M� > 0

if the conditions IN THE FOREGOING above are fulfilled, there exists a solution satisfying the

conditions

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Definition of �M�0� , �M�0�

�M��� ≤ � jW�� ����;� bc�% ��(�� , �M�0� = �M� > 0

�M��� ≤ � kW�� ����;� bc�% ��(�� , �M�0� = �M� > 0

if the conditions IN THE FOREGOING above are fulfilled, there exists a solution satisfying the

conditions

�M��� ≤ � jW�� ����;� bc() ����� , �M�0� = �M� > 0

�M��� ≤ � kW�� ����;� bc() ����� , �M�0� = �M� > 0

if the conditions above are fulfilled, there exists a solution satisfying the conditions

Definition of �M�0� , �M�0� :

�M��� ≤ � jW�� ����;� bc( �� �� , �M�0� = �M� > 0

�M��� ≤ � kW�� ����;� bc( �� �� , �M�0� = �M� > 0

if the conditions IN THE FOREGOING are fulfilled, there exists a solution satisfying the conditions

Definition of �M�0� , �M�0� :

�M��� ≤ � jW� ����;� bc(' ��!�� , �M�0� = �M� > 0

�M��� ≤ � kW� ����;� bc(' ��!�� , �M�0� = �M� > 0

Theorem 1: if the conditions above are fulfilled, there exists a solution satisfying the conditions

Definition of �M�0� , �M�0� :

�M��� ≤ � jW�� ����;� bc�( ��%�� , �M�0� = �M� > 0

�M��� ≤ � kW�� ����;� bc�( ��%�� , �M�0� = �M� > 0

Proof: Consider operator y��� defined on the space of sextuples of continuous functions �M , �M : ℝ| →ℝ| which satisfy

�M�0� = �M� , �M�0� = �M� , �M� ≤ � jW�� ���� , �M� ≤ � kW�� ����,

0 ≤ �M��� − �M� ≤ � jW�� ����;� bc�� �����

0 ≤ �M��� − �M� ≤ � kW�� ����;� bc�� �����

By

�}����� = ���� + ~ "������������?����� − �����0 ���� + ���00 ���������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?������

�}����� = ���� + ~ "������������?����� − �����0 ���� + ����00 ���������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?���� ��

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�}����� = ���� + ~ "������������?����� − �����0 ���� + ����00 ���������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?���� ��

������� = ���� + ~ "������������?����� − �����0 ���� − ����00 �������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?������

������� = ���� + ~ "������������?����� − �����0 ���� − ����00 �������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?������

T����t� = T��� + ~ "������������?����� − �����0 ���� − ����00 �������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?������

Where ?���� is the integrand that is integrated over an interval �0, ��

Proof:

Consider operator y��� defined on the space of sextuples of continuous functions �M , �M : ℝ| → ℝ|

which satisfy

�M�0� = �M� , �M�0� = �M� , �M� ≤ � jW�� ���� , �M� ≤ � kW�� ����,

0 ≤ �M��� − �M� ≤ � jW�� ����;� bc�% ��(��

0 ≤ �M��� − �M� ≤ � kW�� ����;� bc�% ��(��

By

�}����� = ���� + ~ "�����������?����� − �����0 ���� + ���00 ��������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?������

�}���� = ��� + ~ "�����������?����� − ����0 ���� + ���00 ��������?�����, ?����� ���?�����# 8?���� ��

�}���� = ��� + ~ "����������?����� − ����0 ���� + ���00 ��������?�����, ?������ ���?�����# 8?���� ��

������� = ���� + ~ "�����������?����� − �����0 ���� − ����00 �������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?������

������ = ��� + ~ "�����������?����� − ����0 ���� − ���00 �������?�����, ?������ ���?�����# 8?������

������ = ��� + ~ "����������?����� − ����0 ���� − ���00 �������?�����, ?������ ���?�����# 8?������

Where ?���� is the integrand that is integrated over an interval �0, ��

Consider operator y��� defined on the space of sextuples of continuous functions �M , �M : ℝ| → ℝ|

which satisfy

�M�0� = �M� , �M�0� = �M� , �M� ≤ � jW�� ���� , �M� ≤ � kW�� ����,

0 ≤ �M��� − �M� ≤ � jW�� ����;� bc() �����

0 ≤ �M��� − �M� ≤ � kW�� ����;� bc() �����

By

�}����� = ���� + ~ "������������?����� − �����0 ���� + ���00 ���������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?������

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�}����� = ���� + ~ "������������?����� − �����0 ���� + ����00 ���������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?���� ��

�}����� = ���� + ~ "������������?����� − �����0 ���� + ����00 ���������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?���� ��

������� = ���� + ~ "������������?����� − �����0 ���� − ����00 �������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?������

������� = ���� + ~ "������������?����� − �����0 ���� − ����00 �������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?������

T����t� = T��� + ~ "������������?����� − �����0 ���� − ����00 �������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?������

Where ?���� is the integrand that is integrated over an interval �0, ��

Proof: Consider operator y��� defined on the space of sextuples of continuous functions �M , �M : ℝ| →ℝ| which satisfy

�M�0� = �M� , �M�0� = �M� , �M� ≤ � jW�� ���� , �M� ≤ � kW�� ����,

0 ≤ �M��� − �M� ≤ � jW�� ����;� bc( �� ��

0 ≤ �M��� − �M� ≤ � kW�� ����;� bc( �� ��

By

�}����� = ���� + ~ "������������?����� − �����0 ���� + ���00 ���������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?������

�}����� = ���� + ~ "������������?����� − �����0 ���� + ����00 ���������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?���� ��

�}����� = ���� + ~ "������������?����� − �����0 ���� + ����00 ���������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?���� ��

������� = ���� + ~ "������������?����� − �����0 ���� − ����00 �������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?������

������� = ���� + ~ "������������?����� − �����0 ���� − ����00 �������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?������

T����t� = T��� + ~ "������������?����� − �����0 ���� − ����00 �������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?������

Where ?���� is the integrand that is integrated over an interval �0, ��

Consider operator y��� defined on the space of sextuples of continuous functions �M , �M : ℝ| → ℝ|

which satisfy

�M�0� = �M� , �M�0� = �M� , �M� ≤ � jW� ���� , �M� ≤ � kW� ����,

0 ≤ �M��� − �M� ≤ � jW� ����;� bc(' ��!��

0 ≤ �M��� − �M� ≤ � kW� ����;� bc(' ��!��

By

�}���� = ��� + ~ "��������� �?���� − ����0 ���� + ��00 ������� �?����, ?����� ���?����# 8?�����

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�}� ��� = �� � + ~ "��� �������?���� − ���� 0 ���� + ��� 00 ������� �?����, ?����� �� �?����# 8?��� ��

�}����� = ���� + ~ "���������� �?���� − �����0 ���� + ����00 ������� �?����, ?����� ����?����# 8?��� ��

������ = ��� + ~ "��������� �?���� − ����0 ���� − ���00 �������?����, ?����� ���?����# 8?�����

��� ��� = �� � + ~ "��� �������?���� − ���� 0 ���� − ��� 00 �������?����, ?����� �� �?����# 8?�����

T����t� = T��� + ~ "���������� �?���� − �����0 ���� − ����00 �������?����, ?����� ����?����# 8?�����

Where ?��� is the integrand that is integrated over an interval �0, ��

Consider operator y��� defined on the space of sextuples of continuous functions �M , �M : ℝ| → ℝ|

which satisfy

�M�0� = �M� , �M�0� = �M� , �M� ≤ � jW�� ���� , �M� ≤ � kW�� ����,

0 ≤ �M��� − �M� ≤ � jW�� ����;� bc�( ��%��

0 ≤ �M��� − �M� ≤ � kW�� ����;� bc�( ��%��

By

�}����� = ���� + ~ "������������?����� − �����0 ���� + ���00 ���������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?������

�}����� = ���� + ~ "������������?����� − �����0 ���� + ����00 ���������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?���� ��

�}����� = ���� + ~ "������������?����� − �����0 ���� + ����00 ���������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?���� ��

������� = ���� + ~ "������������?����� − �����0 ���� − ����00 �������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?������

������� = ���� + ~ "������������?����� − �����0 ���� − ����00 �������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?������

T����t� = T��� + ~ "������������?����� − �����0 ���� − ����00 �������?�����, ?������ ����?�����# 8?������

Where ?���� is the integrand that is integrated over an interval �0, ��

(a) The operator y��� maps the space of functions satisfying GLOABAL EQUATIONS into itself

.Indeed it is obvious that

������ ≤ ���� + ~ "�������� ����� +� jW�� ����;� bc�� ����������# �� 8?���� =

�1 + �������������� + �g������� �W�� ����� bc�� ���� �;� bc�� ����� − 1�

From which it follows that

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������� − ���� �;a� bc�� ����� ≤ �g������� bc�� ���� ��� jW�� ���� + ���� �;�a � �c�� ������� )�� ) � + � jW�� �����

��M�� is as defined in the statement of theorem 1

Analogous inequalities hold also for ��� , ���, ���, ���, ���

(b) The operator y��� maps the space of functions satisfying GLOBAL EQUATIONS into itself .Indeed

it is obvious that

������ ≤ ���� + ~ "�������� ���� +� jW�� ����;� bc�% ��(����%��# �� 8?���� = �1 + ������������� +�g�%��(�� �W�% ��(�� bc�% ��(� �;� bc�% ��(�� − 1�

From which it follows that

������� − ���� �;a� bc�% ��(�� ≤ �g�%��(�� bc�% ��(� ��� jW�� ���� + ��� �;�a � �c�% ��(����&)��&) � + � jW�� �����

Analogous inequalities hold also for �� , ��, ���, ��, ��

(a) The operator y��� maps the space of functions satisfying GLOBAL EQUATIONS into itself .Indeed

it is obvious that

������ ≤ ���� + ~ "�������� ����� +� jW�� ����;� bc() ������()��# �� 8?���� =

�1 + �������������� + �g()����� �W() ����� bc() ���� �;� bc() ����� − 1�

From which it follows that

������� − ���� �;a� bc() ����� ≤ �g()����� bc() ���� ��� jW�� ���� + ���� �;�a � �c() ������(�)�(�) � + � jW�� �����

Analogous inequalities hold also for ��� , ���, ���, ���, ���

(b) The operator y��� maps the space of functions satisfying GLOBAL EQUATIONS into itself .Indeed

it is obvious that ������ ≤ ���� + ~ "�������� ����� +� jW�� ����;� bc( �� ���( ��# �� 8?���� =

�1 + �������������� + �g( �� �� �W( �� �� bc( �� � �;� bc( �� �� − 1�

From which it follows that

������� − ���� �;a� bc( �� �� ≤ �g( �� �� bc( �� � ��� jW�� ���� + ���� �;�a � �c( �� ���(!)�(!) � + � jW�� �����

��M�� is as defined in the statement of theorem 1

(c) The operator y��� maps the space of functions satisfying GLOBAL EQUATIONS into itself .Indeed

it is obvious that ����� ≤ ��� + ~ "������� ��� � +� jW� ����;� bc(' ��!���('��# �� 8?��� =

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�1 + ����������� � + �g('��!�� �W(' ��!�� bc(' ��!� �;� bc(' ��!�� − 1�

From which it follows that

������ − ��� �;a� bc(' ��!�� ≤ �g('��!�� bc(' ��!� ��� jW� ���� + �� � �;�a � �c(' ��!���(*)�(*) � + � jW� �����

��M�� is as defined in the statement of theorem 1

(d) The operator y��� maps the space of functions satisfying GLOBAL EQUATIONS into itself .Indeed

it is obvious that

������ ≤ ���� + ~ "�������� ����� +� jW�� ����;� bc�( ��%����(��# �� 8?���� =

�1 + �������������� + �g�(��%�� �W�( ��%�� bc�( ��%� �;� bc�( ��%�� − 1�

From which it follows that

������� − ���� �;a� bc�( ��%�� ≤ �g�(��%�� bc�( ��%� ��� jW�� ���� + ���� �;�a � �c�( ��%�����)���) � + � jW�� �����

��M�� is as defined in the statement of theorem 1

Analogous inequalities hold also for ��� , ���, ���, ���, ���

It is now sufficient to take �gh����� bc�� ���� , �ih����� bc�� ���� < 1 and to choose

� Pc�� ���� and � Qc�� ���� large to have

�gh�����bc������ +� jc������ + �� jW�� ���� + ����;a�� �c�� �������)��) �, ≤ � jW�� ����

�ih�����bc������ +�� kW�� ���� + ����;a� � �c�� �������)��) � + � kW�� ����, ≤ � kW�� ����

In order that the operator y��� transforms the space of sextuples of functions �M , �M satisfying GLOBAL

EQUATIONS into itself

The operator y��� is a contraction with respect to the metric

8 ������, �����, �����, ������ =

?@Sh {B�J�∈ℝ� ��M������ − �M�������;a�bc������� , B�J�∈ℝ� ��M������ − �M�������;a�bc�������}

Indeed if we denote

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Definition of ��, �� :

� ��, �� � = y�����, ��

It results

�������� − ��M���� ≤ ~ ���������� ������� − �������;a� b������������;� b������������ 8?���� +

~ {����0 ����������� − �������;a� b������������;a� b�������������� +

����00 �����������, ?������������ − �������;a� b������������;� b������������ +

������|����00 �����������, ?����� − ����00 �����������, ?�����| ;a� b������������;� b������������}8?���� Where ?���� represents integrand that is integrated over the interval [0, t] From the hypotheses it follows

����� − �����;a� b�������� ≤�� b������� ��������� + ����0 ���� + � Kc ������ + � jc������� c �������8 ������, ����; ����, ������

And analogous inequalities for �M �C8 �M . Taking into account the hypothesis (34,35,36) the result

follows

Remark 1: The fact that we supposed ����00 ���� and ����00 ���� depending also on t can be considered as not

conformal with the reality, however we have put this hypothesis ,in order that we can postulate condition

necessary to prove the uniqueness of the solution bounded by � jc������;� b�������� �C8 � kc ������;� b��������

respectively of ℝ|. If instead of proving the existence of the solution on ℝ|, we have to prove it only on a compact then it

suffices to consider that ��M00���� and ��M00����, > = 13,14,15 depend only on T�� and respectively on ���C8 CD� DC �� and hypothesis can replaced by a usual Lipschitz condition.

Remark 2: There does not exist any � where �M ��� = 0 �C8 �M ��� = 0

From SOLUTIONAL GLOBAL EQUATIONS it results

�M ��� ≥ �M�;"a ~ ��gh ����a�gh  �����$� �������,������¡�������) # ≥ 0

�M ��� ≥ �M�;�a�ih ������ > 0 for t > 0

Definition of �� f���������, �� f��������� �C8 �� f��������� :

Remark 3: if ��� is bounded, the same property have also ��� �C8 ��� . indeed if

��� < � f������� it follows ��� �� ≤ �� f��������� − ����0 ������� and by integrating

��� ≤ �� f��������� = ���� + 2���������� f���������/����0 ���� In the same way , one can obtain

��� ≤ �� f��������� = ���� + 2���������� f���������/����0 ���� If ��� D< ��� is bounded, the same property follows for ��� , ��� and ��� , ��� respectively.

Remark 4: If ��� >? bounded, from below, the same property holds for ��� �C8 ��� . The proof is

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analogous with the preceding one. An analogous property is true if ��� is bounded from below.

Remark 5: If T�� is bounded from below and lim�→Z���M00���� �����, ��� = ����0 ���� then ��� → ∞. Definition of �B���� and ¤� :

Indeed let �� be so that for � > �� �������� − ��M00���������, �� < ¤�, ��� ��� > �B����

Then �$� �� ≥ ���������B���� − ¤���� which leads to

��� ≥ ��g� �����¥����¦� � �1 − ;a¦��� + ���� ;a¦�� If we take t such that ;a¦�� = �� it results

��� ≥ ��g� �����¥����� � , � = XDA �¦� By taking now ¤� sufficiently small one sees that T�� is unbounded.

The same property holds for ��� if lim�→Z����00 ���� �����, �� = ����0 ���� We now state a more precise theorem about the behaviors at infinity of the solutions

It is now sufficient to take �gh��(�� bc�% ��(� , �ih��(�� bc�% ��(� < 1 and to choose

� jW�� ���� �C8 � kW�� ���� large to have

�gh��(��bc�%��(� +� jc������ + �� jW�� ���� + ����;a�� �c�% ��(����)��) �, ≤ � jW�� ����

�ih��(��bc�%��(� +�� kW�� ���� + ����;a� � �c�% ��(����)��) � + � kW�� ����, ≤ � kW�� ����

In order that the operator y��� transforms the space of sextuples of functions �M , �M satisfying GLOBAL

EQUATIONS into itself

The operator y��� is a contraction with respect to the metric

8 ����� ����, ��� �����, ���� ����, ��� ������ =

?@Sh {B�J�∈ℝ� ��M������ − �M�������;a�bc�%��(�� , B�J�∈ℝ� ��M������ − �M�������;a�bc�%��(��}

Indeed if we denote

Definition of �� § , �� § : � �� § , �� § � = y������ , �� �

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It results

�������� − ��M���� ≤ ~ ���������� ������ − ������;a� b��%��(����%�;� b��%��(����%� 8?���� +

~ {����0 ����������� − �������;a� b��%��(����%�;a� b��%��(����%��� +

����00 ����������, ?������������ − �������;a� b��%��(����%�;� b��%��(����%� +

������|����00 ����������, ?����� − ����00 ����������, ?�����| ;a� b��%��(����%�;� b��%��(����%�}8?����

Where ?���� represents integrand that is integrated over the interval [0, �] From the hypotheses it follows

���� ���� − ��� �����ea� s��%��(�¨ ≤�� s��%��(� ��������� + ����0 ���� + � Ac ������ + � Pc������� c �������d ����� ����, ��� ����; ��� ����, ��� ������

And analogous inequalities for GM and TM. Taking into account the hypothesis the result follows

Remark 1: The fact that we supposed ����00 ���� and ����00 ���� depending also on t can be considered as not

conformal with the reality, however we have put this hypothesis ,in order that we can postulate condition

necessary to prove the uniqueness of the solution bounded by � Pc������e� s� �%��(�¨ and � Qc ������e� s� �%��(�¨ respectively of ℝ|. If instead of proving the existence of the solution on ℝ|, we have to prove it only on a compact then it

suffices to consider that ��M00���� and ��M00����, > = 16,17,18 depend only on T� and respectively on ��� ��and not on t� and hypothesis can replaced by a usual Lipschitz condition.

Remark 2: There does not exist any t where GM �t� = 0 and TM �t� = 0

From 19 to 24 it results

GM �t� ≥ GM�e"a ~ ��gh ��(�a�gh  ��(��ª�&����%��,���%��¡«���%�¬) # ≥ 0

TM �t� ≥ TM�e�a�ih ��(�¨� > 0 for t > 0

Definition of �� M���������, �� M��������� and �� M��������� :

Remark 3: if G�� is bounded, the same property have also G� and G� . indeed if

G�� < � M������� it follows «^�&«¨ ≤ �� M��������� − ���0 ����G� and by integrating

G� ≤ �� M��������� = G�� + 2��������� M���������/���0 ���� In the same way , one can obtain

G� ≤ �� M��������� = G�� + 2��������� M���������/���0 ���� If G� or G� is bounded, the same property follows for G�� , G� and G�� , G� respectively.

Remark 4: If G�� is bounded, from below, the same property holds for G� and G� . The proof is

analogous with the preceding one. An analogous property is true if G� is bounded from below.

Remark 5: If T�� is bounded from below and lim¨→Z���M00���� ���� ��t�, t�� = ���0 ���� then T� → ∞. Definition of �B���� and ε� :

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Indeed let t� be so that for t > t� ������� − ��M00�������� ��t�, t� < ε�, T�� �t� > �B���� Then

«ª�& «¨ ≥ ��������B���� − ε�T� which leads to

T� ≥ ��g�&��(��¥��(�°( � �1 − ea°(¨� + T�� ea°(¨ If we take t such that ea°(¨ = �� it results

T� ≥ ��g�&��(��¥��(�� � , � = log �°( By taking now ε� sufficiently small one sees that T� is unbounded.

The same property holds for T� if lim�→Z���00 ���� ���� ��t�, t� = ���0 ���� We now state a more precise theorem about the behaviors at infinity of the solutions

It is now sufficient to take �gh����� bc() ���� , �ih����� bc() ���� < 1 and to choose

� Pc�� ���� and � Qc�� ���� large to have

�gh�����bc()���� +� jc������ + �� jW�� ���� + ����;a�� �c() �������)��) �, ≤ � jW�� ����

�ih�����bc()���� +�� kW�� ���� + ����;a� � �c() �������)��) � + � kW�� ����, ≤ � kW�� ����

In order that the operator y��� transforms the space of sextuples of functions �M , �M satisfying GLOBAL

EQUATIONS into itself

The operator y��� is a contraction with respect to the metric

8 ����������, ���������, ���������, ���������� =

?@Sh {B�J�∈ℝ� ��M������ − �M�������;a�bc()����� , B�J�∈ℝ� ��M������ − �M�������;a�bc()�����}

Indeed if we denote

Definition of ���§ , ���§ :� �����² , �����² � = y���������, ������

It results

�������� − ��M���� ≤ ~ ���������� ������� − �������;a� b�()������()�;� b�()������()� 8?���� +

~ {����0 ����������� − �������;a� b�()������()�;a� b�()������()��� +

����00 �����������, ?������������ − �������;a� b�()������()�;� b�()������()� +

������|����00 �����������, ?����� − ����00 �����������, ?�����| ;a� b�()������()�;� b�()������()�}8?���� Where ?���� represents integrand that is integrated over the interval [0, t] From the hypotheses it follows

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����� − �����;a� b�()����� ≤�� b�()���� ��������� + ����0 ���� + � Kc ������ + � jc������� c �������8 ����������, ��������; ��������, ����������

And analogous inequalities for �M �C8 �M . Taking into account the hypothesis (34,35,36) the result

follows

Remark 1: The fact that we supposed ����00 ���� and ����00 ���� depending also on t can be considered as not

conformal with the reality, however we have put this hypothesis ,in order that we can postulate condition

necessary to prove the uniqueness of the solution bounded by � jc������;� b�()����� �C8 � kc ������;� b�()�����

respectively of ℝ|. If instead of proving the existence of the solution on ℝ|, we have to prove it only on a compact then it

suffices to consider that ��M00���� and ��M00����, > = 20,21,22 depend only on T�� and respectively on �������C8 CD� DC �� and hypothesis can replaced by a usual Lipschitz condition.

Remark 2: There does not exist any � where �M ��� = 0 �C8 �M ��� = 0

From 19 to 24 it results

�M ��� ≥ �M�;"a ~ ��gh ����a�gh  �����$(����()��,��()��¡���()��) # ≥ 0

�M ��� ≥ �M�;�a�ih ������ > 0 for t > 0

Definition of �� f���������, �� f��������� �C8 �� f��������� :

Remark 3: if ��� is bounded, the same property have also ��� �C8 ��� . indeed if

��� < � f������� it follows ��(��� ≤ �� f��������� − ����0 ������� and by integrating

��� ≤ �� f��������� = ���� + 2���������� f���������/����0 ���� In the same way , one can obtain

��� ≤ �� f��������� = ���� + 2���������� f���������/����0 ���� If ��� D< ��� is bounded, the same property follows for ��� , ��� and ��� , ��� respectively.

Remark 4: If ��� >? bounded, from below, the same property holds for ��� �C8 ��� . The proof is

analogous with the preceding one. An analogous property is true if ��� is bounded from below.

Remark 5: If T�� is bounded from below and lim�→Z���M00���� ���������, ��� = ����0 ���� then ��� → ∞. Definition of �B���� and ¤� :

Indeed let �� be so that for � > �� �������� − ��M00�������������, �� < ¤�, ��� ��� > �B����

Then �$(� �� ≥ ���������B���� − ¤���� which leads to

��� ≥ ��g(������¥����¦� � �1 − ;a¦��� + ���� ;a¦�� If we take t such that ;a¦�� = �� it results

��� ≥ ��g(������¥����� � , � = XDA �¦� By taking now ¤� sufficiently small one sees that T�� is unbounded.

The same property holds for ��� if lim�→Z����00 ���� ���������, �� = ����0 ����

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We now state a more precise theorem about the behaviors at infinity of the solutions

It is now sufficient to take �gh�� �� bc( �� � , �ih�� �� bc( �� � < 1 and to choose

� Pc�� ���� and � Qc�� ���� large to have

�gh�� ��bc( �� � +� jc������ + �� jW�� ���� + ����;a�� �c( �� ����)��) �, ≤ � jW�� ����

�ih�� ��bc( �� � +�� kW�� ���� + ����;a� � �c( �� ����)��) � + � kW�� ����, ≤ � kW�� ����

In order that the operator y��� transforms the space of sextuples of functions �M , �M satisfying GLOBAL

EQUATIONS into itself

The operator y��� is a contraction with respect to the metric

8 ���������, ��������, ��������, ��������� =

?@Sh {B�J�∈ℝ� ��M������ − �M�������;a�bc( �� �� , B�J�∈ℝ� ��M������ − �M�������;a�bc( �� ��}

Indeed if we denote

Definition of ����² , ����² : � ����² , ����² � = y��������, �����

It results

�������� − ��M���� ≤ ~ ���������� ������� − �������;a� b�( �� ���( �;� b�( �� ���( � 8?���� +

~ {����0 ����������� − �������;a� b�( �� ���( �;a� b�( �� ���( ��� +

����00 �����������, ?������������ − �������;a� b�( �� ���( �;� b�( �� ���( � +

������|����00 �����������, ?����� − ����00 �����������, ?�����| ;a� b�( �� ���( �;� b�( �� ���( �}8?���� Where ?���� represents integrand that is integrated over the interval [0, t] From the hypotheses IT follows

�������� − ��������;a� b�( �� �� ≤�� b�( �� � ��������� + ����0 ���� + � Kc ������ + � jc������� c �������8 ���������, �������; �������, ���������

And analogous inequalities for �M �C8 �M . Taking into account the hypothesis (34,35,36) the result

follows

Remark 1: The fact that we supposed ����00 ���� and ����00 ���� depending also on t can be considered as not

conformal with the reality, however we have put this hypothesis ,in order that we can postulate condition

necessary to prove the uniqueness of the solution bounded by � jc������;� b�( �� �� �C8 � kc ������;� b�( �� ��

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respectively of ℝ|. If instead of proving the existence of the solution on ℝ|, we have to prove it only on a compact then it

suffices to consider that ��M00���� and ��M00����, > = 24,25,26 depend only on T�� and respectively on ������C8 CD� DC �� and hypothesis can replaced by a usual Lipschitz condition.

Remark 2: There does not exist any � where �M ��� = 0 �C8 �M ��� = 0

From CONCATENATED GLOBAL EQUATIONS it results

�M ��� ≥ �M�;"a ~ ��gh �� �a�gh  �� ��$(!���( ��,��( ��¡���( ��) # ≥ 0

�M ��� ≥ �M�;�a�ih �� ��� > 0 for t > 0

Definition of �� f���������, �� f��������� �C8 �� f��������� :

Remark 3: if ��� is bounded, the same property have also ��� �C8 ��� . indeed if

��� < � f������� it follows ��(!�� ≤ �� f��������� − ����0 ������� and by integrating

��� ≤ �� f��������� = ���� + 2���������� f���������/����0 ���� In the same way , one can obtain

��� ≤ �� f��������� = ���� + 2���������� f���������/����0 ���� If ��� D< ��� is bounded, the same property follows for ��� , ��� and ��� , ��� respectively.

Remark 4: If ��� >? bounded, from below, the same property holds for ��� �C8 ��� . The proof is

analogous with the preceding one. An analogous property is true if ��� is bounded from below.

Remark 5: If T�� is bounded from below and lim�→Z���M00���� ��������, ��� = ����0 ���� then ��� → ∞. Definition of �B���� and ¤� :

Indeed let �� be so that for � > �� �������� − ��M00������������, �� < ¤�, ��� ��� > �B����

Then �$(! �� ≥ ���������B���� − ¤���� which leads to

��� ≥ ��g(!�� ��¥�� �¦ � �1 − ;a¦ �� + ���� ;a¦ � If we take t such that ;a¦ � = �� it results

��� ≥ ��g(!�� ��¥�� �� � , � = XDA �¦ By taking now ¤� sufficiently small one sees that T�� is unbounded.

The same property holds for ��� if lim�→Z����00 ���� ��������, �� = ����0 ���� We now state a more precise theorem about the behaviors at infinity of the solutions

Analogous inequalities hold also for �� , ���, ��, �� , ���

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It is now sufficient to take �gh��!�� bc(' ��!� , �ih��!�� bc(' ��!� < 1 and to choose

� Pc� ���� and � Qc� ���� large to have

�gh��!��bc('��!� +� jc����� + �� jW� ���� + ����;a�� �c(' ��!����)��) �, ≤ � jW� ����

�ih��!��bc('��!� +�� kW� ���� + ����;a� � �c(' ��!����)��) � + � kW� ����, ≤ � kW� ����

In order that the operator y��� transforms the space of sextuples of functions �M , �M satisfying GLOBAL

EQUATIONS into itself

The operator y��� is a contraction with respect to the metric

8 ����������, ���������, ���������, ���������� =

?@Sh {B�J�∈ℝ� ��M������ − �M�������;a�bc('��!�� , B�J�∈ℝ� ��M������ − �M�������;a�bc('��!��}

Indeed if we denote

Definition of �����² , �����² : � �����² , �����² � = y���������, ������

It results

������� − ��M���� ≤ ~ ��������� ��� ��� − �� ����;a� b�('��!���('�;� b�('��!���('� 8?��� +

~ {���0 ���������� − ������;a� b�('��!���('�;a� b�('��!���('��� +

���00 ������� ���, ?���������� − ������;a� b�('��!���('�;� b�('��!���('� +

�����|���00 ������� ���, ?���� − ���00 ������� ���, ?����| ;a� b�('��!���('�;� b�('��!���('�}8?��� Where ?��� represents integrand that is integrated over the interval [0, t] From the hypotheses it follows

��������� − ���������;a� b�('��!�� ≤�� b�('��!� �������� + ���0 ���� + � Kc ����� + � jc������ c ������8 ����������, ��������; ��������, ����������

And analogous inequalities for �M �C8 �M . Taking into account the hypothesis) the result follows

Remark 1: The fact that we supposed ���00 ���� and ���00 ���� depending also on t can be considered as not

conformal with the reality, however we have put this hypothesis ,in order that we can postulate condition

necessary to prove the uniqueness of the solution bounded by � jc�����;� b�('��!�� �C8 � kc �����;� b�('��!��

respectively of ℝ|.

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If instead of proving the existence of the solution on ℝ|, we have to prove it only on a compact then it

suffices to consider that ��M00���� and ��M00����, > = 28,29,30 depend only on T� and respectively on �������C8 CD� DC �� and hypothesis can replaced by a usual Lipschitz condition.

Remark 2: There does not exist any � where �M ��� = 0 �C8 �M ��� = 0

From CONCATENATED EQUATIONS it results

�M ��� ≥ �M�;"a ~ ��gh ��!�a�gh  ��!��$(*���('��,��('��¡���('��) # ≥ 0

�M ��� ≥ �M�;�a�ih ��!��� > 0 for t > 0

Definition of �� f��������, �� f�������� �C8 �� f�������� :

Remark 3: if �� is bounded, the same property have also �� �C8 ��� . indeed if

�� < � f������ it follows ��(*�� ≤ �� f�������� − ��� 0 ������ and by integrating

�� ≤ �� f�������� = �� � + 2��� ������ f��������/��� 0 ���� In the same way , one can obtain

��� ≤ �� f�������� = ���� + 2���������� f��������/����0 ���� If �� D< ��� is bounded, the same property follows for �� , ��� and �� , �� respectively.

Remark 4: If �� >? bounded, from below, the same property holds for �� �C8 ��� . The proof is

analogous with the preceding one. An analogous property is true if �� is bounded from below.

Remark 5: If T� is bounded from below and lim�→Z���M00���� ���������, ��� = ��� 0 ���� then �� → ∞. Definition of �B���� and ¤� :

Indeed let �� be so that for � > ��

��� ���� − ��M00�������������, �� < ¤�, �� ��� > �B����

Then �$(* �� ≥ ��� �����B���� − ¤��� which leads to

�� ≥ ��g(*��!��¥��!�¦! � �1 − ;a¦!�� + �� � ;a¦!� If we take t such that ;a¦!� = �� it results

�� ≥ ��g(*��!��¥��!�� � , � = XDA �¦! By taking now ¤� sufficiently small one sees that T� is unbounded.

The same property holds for ��� if lim�→Z����00 ���� ���������, �� = ����0 ���� We now state a more precise theorem about the behaviors at infinity of the solutions

Analogous inequalities hold also for ��� , ���, ���, ���, ���

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It is now sufficient to take �gh��%�� bc�( ��%� , �ih��%�� bc�( ��%� < 1 and to choose

� Pc�� ���� and � Qc�� ���� large to have

�gh��%��bc�(��%� +� jc������ + �� jW�� ���� + ����;a�� �c�( ��%����)��) �, ≤ � jW�� ����

�ih��%��bc�(��%� +�� kW�� ���� + ����;a� � �c�( ��%����)��) � + � kW�� ����, ≤ � kW�� ����

In order that the operator y��� transforms the space of sextuples of functions �M , �M satisfying GLOBAL

EQUATIONS into itself

The operator y��� is a contraction with respect to the metric

8 ����������, ���������, ���������, ���������� =

?@Sh {B�J�∈ℝ� ��M������ − �M�������;a�bc�(��%�� , B�J�∈ℝ� ��M������ − �M�������;a�bc�(��%��}

Indeed if we denote

Definition of �����² , �����² : � �����² , �����² � = y���������, ������

It results

�������� − ��M���� ≤ ~ ���������� ������� − �������;a� b��(��%����(�;� b��(��%����(� 8?���� +

~ {����0 ����������� − �������;a� b��(��%����(�;a� b��(��%����(��� +

����00 �����������, ?������������ − �������;a� b��(��%����(�;� b��(��%����(� +

������|����00 �����������, ?����� − ����00 �����������, ?�����| ;a� b��(��%����(�;� b��(��%����(�}8?���� Where ?���� represents integrand that is integrated over the interval [0, t] From the hypotheses it follows

��������� − ���������;a� b��(��%�� ≤�� b��(��%� ��������� + ����0 ���� + � Kc ������ + � jc������� c �������8 ����������, ��������; ��������, ����������

And analogous inequalities for �M �C8 �M . Taking into account the hypothesis the result follows

Remark 1: The fact that we supposed ����00 ���� and ����00 ���� depending also on t can be considered as not

conformal with the reality, however we have put this hypothesis ,in order that we can postulate condition

necessary to prove the uniqueness of the solution bounded by � jc������;� b��(��%�� �C8 � kc �������� b��(��%��

respectively of ℝ|. If instead of proving the existence of the solution on ℝ|, we have to prove it only on a compact then it

suffices to consider that ��M00���� and ��M00����, > = 32,33,34 depend only on T�� and respectively on

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�������C8 CD� DC �� and hypothesis can replaced by a usual Lipschitz condition.

Remark 2: There does not exist any � where �M ��� = 0 �C8 �M ��� = 0

From 69 to 32 it results

�M ��� ≥ �M�;"a ~ ��gh ��%�a�gh  ��%��$������(��,���(��¡����(��) # ≥ 0

�M ��� ≥ �M�;�a�ih ��%��� > 0 for t > 0

Definition of �� f���������, �� f��������� �C8 �� f��������� :

Remark 3: if ��� is bounded, the same property have also ��� �C8 ��� . indeed if

��� < � f������� it follows ������ ≤ �� f��������� − ����0 ������� and by integrating

��� ≤ �� f��������� = ���� + 2���������� f���������/����0 ���� In the same way , one can obtain

��� ≤ �� f��������� = ���� + 2���������� f���������/����0 ���� If ��� D< ��� is bounded, the same property follows for ��� , ��� and ��� , ��� respectively.

Remark 4: If ��� >? bounded, from below, the same property holds for ��� �C8 ��� . The proof is

analogous with the preceding one. An analogous property is true if ��� is bounded from below.

Remark 5: If T�� is bounded from below and lim�→Z���M00���� ���������, ��� = ����0 ���� then ��� → ∞. Definition of �B���� and ¤� :

Indeed let �� be so that for � > ��

�������� − ��M00�������������, �� < ¤�, ��� ��� > �B����

Then �$�� �� ≥ ���������B���� − ¤���� which leads to

��� ≥ ��g����%��¥��%�¦% � �1 − ;a¦%�� + ���� ;a¦%� If we take t such that ;a¦%� = �� it results

��� ≥ ��g����%��¥��%�� � , � = XDA �¦% By taking now ¤� sufficiently small one sees that T�� is unbounded.

The same property holds for ��� if lim�→Z����00 ���� ���������, ����, �� = ����0 ���� We now state a more precise theorem about the behaviors at infinity of the solutions

Behavior of the solutions

Theorem 2: If we denote and define

Definition of �³����� , �³����� , �´����� , �´����� :

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(a) ³����� , �³����� , �´����� , �´����� four constants satisfying

−�³����� ≤ −����0 ���� + ����0 ���� − ����00 �������� , �� + ����00 �������� , �� ≤ −�³����� −�´����� ≤ −����0 ���� + ����0 ���� − ����00 ������, �� − ����00 ������, �� ≤ −�´����� Definition of �µ�����, �µ�����, �@�����, �@�����, µ���, @��� : (b) By �µ����� > 0 , �µ����� < 0 and respectively �@����� > 0 , �@����� < 0 the roots of the equations ���������µ����� + �³�����µ��� − �������� = 0 and ���������@����� + �´�����@��� − �������� = 0

Definition of �µ}�����, , �µ}�����, �@������, �@������ : By �µ}����� > 0 , �µ}����� < 0 and respectively �@������ > 0 , �@������ < 0 the roots of the equations ���������µ����� + �³�����µ��� − �������� = 0 and ���������@����� + �´�����@��� − �������� = 0

Definition of �B����� , �B����� , �¶�����, �¶�����, �µ����� :- (c) If we define �B����� , �B����� , �¶�����, �¶����� by

�B����� = �µ�����, �B����� = �µ�����, >= �µ����� < �µ����� �B����� = �µ�����, �B����� = �µ}����� , >= �µ����� < �µ����� < �µ}�����, and �µ����� = ���)�� )

� B����� = �µ�����, �B����� = �µ�����, >= �µ}����� < �µ�����

and analogously

�¶����� = �@�����, �¶����� = �@�����, >= �@����� < �@����� �¶����� = �@�����, �¶����� = �@������ , >= �@����� < �@����� < �@������, and �@����� = $��)$� )

� ¶����� = �@�����, �¶����� = �@�����, >= �@������ < �@����� where �@�����, �@������ are defined respectively

Then the solution of GLOBAL EQUATSIONS satisfies the inequalities

���� ;��·�����a�¸�������� ≤ ������ ≤ ���� ;�·������

where �SM���� is defined by equation 25

� �¥����� ���� ;��·�����a�¸�������� ≤ ������ ≤ ��¥(���� ���� ;�·������

� �g�!�������)�¥�������·�����a�¸������a�·(����� ";��·�����a�¸�������� − ;a�·(����� # + ���� ;a�·(����� ≤ ������ ≤�g�!�������)�¥(������·�����a�g�!  ����� [;�·������ − ;a�g�!  �����] + ���� ;a�g�!  ������

���� ;�¹������ ≤ ������ ≤ ���� ;��¹�����|�º��������

��»����� ���� ;�¹������ ≤ ������ ≤ ��»(���� ���� ;��¹�����|�º��������

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�i�!����$��)�»�������¹�����a�i�!  ����� ";�¹������ − ;a�i�!  �����# + ���� ;a�i�!  ����� ≤ ������ ≤

�g�!����$��)�»(������¹�����|�º������|�¹(����� ";��¹�����|�º�������� − ;a�¹(�����# + ���� ;a�¹(�����

Definition of �¼�����, �¼�����, �½�����, �½�����:- Where �¼����� = ���������B����� − ����0 ���� �¼����� = �������� − �S������ �½����� = ���������¶����� − ����0 ���� �½����� = ����0 ���� − �<������

If we denote and define

Definition of ���� , ���� , ���� , ���� : (d) ��� , ���� , ���� , ���� four constants satisfying

−�σ����� ≤ −����0 ���� + ���0 ���� − ����00 �����T� , �� + ���00 �����T� , �� ≤ −�σ�����

−�τ����� ≤ −����0 ���� + ���0 ���� − ����00 �������� �, �� − ���00 �������� �, �� ≤ −�τ�����

Definition of �µ�����, �ν�����, �@�����, �@����� :

By �µ����� > 0 , �ν����� < 0 and respectively �@����� > 0 , �@����� < 0 the roots

(e) of the equations ��������µ����� + �σ�����µ��� − �������� = 0

and ���������@����� + �τ�����@��� − �������� = 0 and

Definition of �µ}�����, , �µ}�����, �@������, �@������ :

By �µ}����� > 0 , �ν������ < 0 and respectively �@������ > 0 , �@������ < 0 the

roots of the equations ��������µ����� + �σ�����µ��� − �������� = 0

and ��������@����� + �τ�����@��� − �������� = 0

Definition of �B����� , �B����� , �¶�����, �¶����� :-

(f) If we define �B����� , �B����� , �¶�����, �¶����� by

�B����� = �µ�����, �B����� = �µ�����, Á �µ����� < �µ�����

�B����� = �µ�����, �B����� = �µ}����� , Á �µ����� < �µ����� < �µ}�����, and �µ����� = ^�%)^�&)

� B����� = �µ�����, �B����� = �µ�����, Á �µ}����� < �µ�����

and analogously

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�¶����� = �@�����, �¶����� = �@�����, Á �@����� < �@����� �¶����� = �@�����, �¶����� = �@������ , Á �@����� < �@����� < �@������, and �@����� = ª�%)ª�&)

� ¶����� = �@�����, �¶����� = �@�����, Á �@������ < �@�����

Then the solution of HOLISTIC GLOBAL EQUATIONS satisfies the inequalities

G��� e��Ã���(�a�¸�%��(��¨ ≤ ������ ≤ G��� e�Ã���(�¨

�SM���� is defined by equation 25

� �¥���(� G��� e��Ã���(�a�¸�%��(��¨ ≤ ����� ≤ ��¥(��(� G��� e�Ã���(�¨

� �g�'��(�^�%)�¥���(���Ã���(�a�¸�%��(�a�Ã(��(�� "e��Ã���(�a�¸�%��(��¨ − ea�Ã(��(�¨ # + G�� ea�Ã(��(�¨ ≤ G���� ≤�g�'��(�^�%)�¥(��(���Ã���(�a�g�'  ��(�� [e�Ã���(�¨ − ea�g�'  ��(�¨] + G�� ea�g�'  ��(�¨�

T��� e�Ä���(�� ≤ ������ ≤ T��� e��Ä���(�|�º�%��(���

��»���(� T��� e�Ä���(�� ≤ ������ ≤ ��»(��(� T��� e��Ä���(�|�º�%��(���

�i�'��(�ª�%)�»���(���Ä���(�a�i�'  ��(�� "e�Ä���(�� − ea�i�'  ��(��# + T�� ea�i�'  ��(�� ≤ ����� ≤

�g�'��(�ª�%)�»(��(���Ä���(�|�º�%��(�|�Ä(��(�� "e��Ä���(�|�º�%��(��� − ea�Ä(��(��# + T�� ea�Ä(��(��

Definition of �S�����, �S�����, �R�����, �R�����:-

Where �S����� = ���������B����� − ����0 ���� �S����� = ������� − �S�����

�½����� = ���������¶����� − ����0 ���� �R����� = ���0 ���� − �<�����

Behavior of the solutions

If we denote and define

Definition of �³����� , �³����� , �´����� , �´����� : (a) ³����� , �³����� , �´����� , �´����� four constants satisfying

−�³����� ≤ −����0 ���� + ����0 ���� − ����00 �������� , �� + ����00 �������� , �� ≤ −�³����� −�´����� ≤ −����0 ���� + ����0 ���� − ����00 ������, �� − ����00 ����������, �� ≤ −�´�����

Definition of �µ�����, �µ�����, �@�����, �@����� : (b) By �µ����� > 0 , �µ����� < 0 and respectively �@����� > 0 , �@����� < 0 the roots of the equations

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���������µ����� + �³�����µ��� − �������� = 0

and ���������@����� + �´�����@��� − �������� = 0 and

By �µ}����� > 0 , �µ}����� < 0 and respectively �@������ > 0 , �@������ < 0 the

roots of the equations ���������µ����� + �³�����µ��� − �������� = 0

and ���������@����� + �´�����@��� − �������� = 0

Definition of �B����� , �B����� , �¶�����, �¶����� :- (c) If we define �B����� , �B����� , �¶�����, �¶����� by

�B����� = �µ�����, �B����� = �µ�����, Á �µ����� < �µ����� �B����� = �µ�����, �B����� = �µ}����� , Á �µ����� < �µ����� < �µ}�����, and �µ����� = �())�(�)

� B����� = �µ�����, �B����� = �µ�����, Á �µ}����� < �µ�����

and analogously

�¶����� = �@�����, �¶����� = �@�����, Á �@����� < �@����� �¶����� = �@�����, �¶����� = �@������ , Á �@����� < �@����� < �@������, and �@����� = $())$(�)

� ¶����� = �@�����, �¶����� = �@�����, Á �@������ < �@����� Then the solution of GLOBAL EQUATIONS satisfies the inequalities

���� ;��·�����a�¸()������ ≤ ������ ≤ ���� ;�·������

�SM���� is defined

� �¥����� ���� ;��·�����a�¸()������ ≤ ������ ≤ ��¥(���� ���� ;�·������

� �g((�����())�¥�������·�����a�¸()����a�·(����� ";��·�����a�¸()������ − ;a�·(����� # + ���� ;a�·(����� ≤ ������ ≤�g((�����())�¥(������·�����a�g((  ����� [;�·������ − ;a�g((  �����] + ���� ;a�g((  ������

���� ;�¹������ ≤ ������ ≤ ���� ;��¹�����|�º()������

��»����� ���� ;�¹������ ≤ ������ ≤ ��»(���� ���� ;��¹�����|�º()������

�i((����$())�»�������¹�����a�i((  ����� ";�¹������ − ;a�i((  �����# + ���� ;a�i((  ����� ≤ ������ ≤

�g((����$())�»(������¹�����|�º()����|�¹(����� ";��¹�����|�º()������ − ;a�¹(�����# + ���� ;a�¹(�����

Definition of �¼�����, �¼�����, �½�����, �½�����:- Where �¼����� = ���������B����� − ����0 ����

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�¼����� = �������� − �S������ �½����� = ���������¶����� − ����0 ����

�½����� = ����0 ���� − �<������

Behavior of the solutions

Theorem 2: If we denote and define

Definition of �³����� , �³����� , �´����� , �´����� :

(d) �³����� , �³����� , �´����� , �´����� four constants satisfying

−�³����� ≤ −����0 ���� + ����0 ���� − ����00 �������� , �� + ����00 �������� , �� ≤ −�³����� −�´����� ≤ −����0 ���� + ����0 ���� − ����00 ���������, �� − ����00 ���������, �� ≤ −�´�����

Definition of �µ�����, �µ�����, �@�����, �@�����, µ���, @��� :

(e) By �µ����� > 0 , �µ����� < 0 and respectively �@����� > 0 , �@����� < 0 the roots of the

equations ���������µ����� + �³�����µ��� − �������� = 0

and ���������@����� + �´�����@��� − �������� = 0 and

Definition of �µ}�����, , �µ}�����, �@������, �@������ :

By �µ}����� > 0 , �µ}����� < 0 and respectively �@������ > 0 , �@������ < 0 the

roots of the equations ���������µ����� + �³�����µ��� − �������� = 0

and ���������@����� + �´�����@��� − �������� = 0

Definition of �B����� , �B����� , �¶�����, �¶�����, �µ����� :-

(f) If we define �B����� , �B����� , �¶�����, �¶����� by

�B����� = �µ�����, �B����� = �µ�����, Á �µ����� < �µ�����

�B����� = �µ�����, �B����� = �µ}����� , Á �µ����� < �µ����� < �µ}�����, and �µ����� = �( )�(!)

� B����� = �µ�����, �B����� = �µ�����, Á �µ}����� < �µ�����

and analogously

�¶����� = �@�����, �¶����� = �@�����, Á �@����� < �@�����

�¶����� = �@�����, �¶����� = �@������ , Á �@����� < �@����� < �@������, and �@����� = $( )$(!)

� ¶����� = �@�����, �¶����� = �@�����, Á �@������ < �@����� where �@�����, �@������ are defined by 59 and 64 respectively

Then the solution of 19,20,21,22,23 and 24 satisfies the inequalities

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���� ;��·��� �a�¸( �� ��� ≤ ������ ≤ ���� ;�·��� ��

where �SM���� is defined by equation 25

� �¥��� � ���� ;��·��� �a�¸( �� ��� ≤ ������ ≤ ��¥(�� � ���� ;�·��� ��

Ç �g(%�� ��( )�¥��� ���·��� �a�¸( �� �a�·(�� �� ";��·��� �a�¸( �� ��� − ;a�·(�� �� # + ���� ;a�·(�� �� ≤ ������ ≤��26�4�240�B2�4�¼1�4−��26′�4;�¼1�4�−;−��26′�4�+ �260;−��26′�4�

���� ;�¹��� �� ≤ ������ ≤ ���� ;��¹��� �|�º( �� ���

��»��� � ���� ;�¹��� �� ≤ ������ ≤ ��»(�� � ���� ;��¹��� �|�º( �� ���

�i(%�� �$( )�»��� ���¹��� �a�i(%  �� �� ";�¹��� �� − ;a�i(%  �� ��# + ���� ;a�i(%  �� �� ≤ ������ ≤

�g(%�� �$( )�»(�� ���¹��� �|�º( �� �|�¹(�� �� ";��¹��� �|�º( �� ��� − ;a�¹(�� ��# + ���� ;a�¹(�� ��

Definition of �¼�����, �¼�����, �½�����, �½�����:-

Where �¼����� = ���������B����� − ����0 ���� �¼����� = �������� − �S������

�½����� = ���������¶����� − ����0 ����

�½����� = ����0 ���� − �<������

Behavior of the solutions of equation 37 to 42

Theorem 2: If we denote and define

Definition of �³����� , �³����� , �´����� , �´����� :

(g) �³����� , �³����� , �´����� , �´����� four constants satisfying

−�³����� ≤ −���0 ���� + ��� 0 ���� − ���00 ������� , �� + ��� 00 ������� , �� ≤ −�³����� −�´����� ≤ −���0 ���� + ��� 0 ���� − ���00 ����������, �� − ��� 00 ����������, �� ≤ −�´�����

Definition of �µ�����, �µ�����, �@�����, �@�����, µ���, @��� :

(h) By �µ����� > 0 , �µ����� < 0 and respectively �@����� > 0 , �@����� < 0 the roots of the

equations ��� �����µ����� + �³�����µ��� − ������� = 0

and ��� �����@����� + �´�����@��� − ������� = 0 and

Definition of �µ}�����, , �µ}�����, �@������, �@������ :

By �µ}����� > 0 , �µ}����� < 0 and respectively �@������ > 0 , �@������ < 0 the

roots of the equations ��� �����µ����� + �³�����µ��� − ������� = 0

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and ��� �����@����� + �´�����@��� − ������� = 0

Definition of �B����� , �B����� , �¶�����, �¶�����, �µ����� :-

(i) If we define �B����� , �B����� , �¶�����, �¶����� by

�B����� = �µ�����, �B����� = �µ�����, Á �µ����� < �µ�����

�B����� = �µ�����, �B����� = �µ}����� , Á �µ����� < �µ����� < �µ}�����, and �µ����� = �(')�(*)

� B����� = �µ�����, �B����� = �µ�����, Á �µ}����� < �µ����� and analogously

�¶����� = �@�����, �¶����� = �@�����, Á �@����� < �@�����

�¶����� = �@�����, �¶����� = �@������ , Á �@����� < �@����� < �@������, and �@����� = $(')$(*)

� ¶����� = �@�����, �¶����� = �@�����, Á �@������ < �@����� where �@�����, �@������ are defined by 59 and 65 respectively

Then the solution of 19,20,21,22,23 and 24 satisfies the inequalities

��� ;��·���!�a�¸('��!��� ≤ ����� ≤ ��� ;�·���!��

where �SM���� is defined by equation 29

� �¥!��!� ��� ;��·���!�a�¸('��!��� ≤ �� ��� ≤ ��¥(��!� ��� ;�·���!��

Ç �g�)��!��(')�¥���!���·���!�a�¸('��!�a�·(��!�� ";��·���!�a�¸('��!��� − ;a�·(��!�� # + ���� ;a�·(��!�� ≤ ������ ≤��30�5�280�B2�5�¼1�5−��30′�5;�¼1�5�−;−��30′�5�+ �300;−��30′�5�

��� ;�¹���!�� ≤ ����� ≤ ��� ;��¹���!�|�º('��!���

��»���!� ��� ;�¹���!�� ≤ ����� ≤ ��»(��!� ��� ;��¹���!�|�º('��!���

�i�)��!�$(')�»���!���¹���!�a�i�)  ��!�� ";�¹���!�� − ;a�i�)  ��!��# + ���� ;a�i�)  ��!�� ≤ ������ ≤

�g�)��!�$(')�»(��!���¹���!�|�º('��!�|�¹(��!�� ";��¹���!�|�º('��!��� − ;a�¹(��!��# + ���� ;a�¹(��!��

Definition of �¼�����, �¼�����, �½�����, �½�����:-

Where �¼����� = ��������B����� − ���0 ���� �¼����� = �������� − �S������

�½����� = ��������¶����� − ���0 ����

�½����� = ����0 ���� − �<������

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Behavior of the solutions of equation 37 to 42

Theorem 2: If we denote and define

Definition of �³����� , �³����� , �´����� , �´����� :

(j) �³����� , �³����� , �´����� , �´����� four constants satisfying

−�³����� ≤ −����0 ���� + ����0 ���� − ����00 �������� , �� + ����00 �������� , �� ≤ −�³����� −�´����� ≤ −����0 ���� + ����0 ���� − ����00 ����������, �� − ����00 ����������, �� ≤ −�´�����

Definition of �µ�����, �µ�����, �@�����, �@�����, µ���, @��� :

(k) By �µ����� > 0 , �µ����� < 0 and respectively �@����� > 0 , �@����� < 0 the roots of the

equations ���������µ����� + �³�����µ��� − �������� = 0

and ���������@����� + �´�����@��� − �������� = 0 and

Definition of �µ}�����, , �µ}�����, �@������, �@������ :

By �µ}����� > 0 , �µ}����� < 0 and respectively �@������ > 0 , �@������ < 0 the

roots of the equations ���������µ����� + �³�����µ��� − �������� = 0

and ���������@����� + �´�����@��� − �������� = 0

Definition of �B����� , �B����� , �¶�����, �¶�����, �µ����� :-

(l) If we define �B����� , �B����� , �¶�����, �¶����� by

�B����� = �µ�����, �B����� = �µ�����, Á �µ����� < �µ�����

�B����� = �µ�����, �B����� = �µ}����� , Á �µ����� < �µ����� < �µ}�����, and �µ����� = ��()���)

� B����� = �µ�����, �B����� = �µ�����, Á �µ}����� < �µ�����

and analogously

�¶����� = �@�����, �¶����� = �@�����, Á �@����� < �@�����

�¶����� = �@�����, �¶����� = �@������ , Á �@����� < �@����� < �@������, and �@����� = $�()$��)

� ¶����� = �@�����, �¶����� = �@�����, Á �@������ < �@����� where �@�����, �@������ are defined by 59 and 66 respectively

Then the solution of 19,20,21,22,23 and 24 satisfies the inequalities

���� ;��·���%�a�¸�(��%��� ≤ ������ ≤ ���� ;�·���%��

where �SM���� is defined by equation 25

� �¥���%� ���� ;��·���%�a�¸�(��%��� ≤ ������ ≤ ��¥(��%� ���� ;�·���%��

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Ç �g� ��%���()�¥���%���·���%�a�¸�(��%�a�·(��%�� ";��·���%�a�¸�(��%��� − ;a�·(��%�� # + ���� ;a�·(��%�� ≤ ������ ≤��34�6�320�B2�6�¼1�6−��34′�6;�¼1�6�−;−��34′�6�+ �340;−��34′�6�

���� ;�¹���%�� ≤ ������ ≤ ���� ;��¹���%�|�º�(��%���

��»���%� ���� ;�¹���%�� ≤ ������ ≤ ��»(��%� ���� ;��¹���%�|�º�(��%���

�i� ��%�$�()�»���%���¹���%�a�i�   ��%�� ";�¹���%�� − ;a�i�   ��%��# + ���� ;a�i�   ��%�� ≤ ������ ≤

�g� ��%�$�()�»(��%���¹���%�|�º�(��%�|�¹(��%�� ";��¹���%�|�º�(��%��� − ;a�¹(��%��# + ���� ;a�¹(��%��

Definition of �¼�����, �¼�����, �½�����, �½�����:-

Where �¼����� = ���������B����� − ����0 ���� �¼����� = �������� − �S������

�½����� = ���������¶����� − ����0 ����

�½����� = ����0 ���� − �<������

Proof : From 19,20,21,22,23,24 we obtain

�É����� = �������� − �����0 ���� − ����0 ���� + ����00 ��������, ��� − ����00 ��������, ��µ��� − ��������µ��� Definition of µ��� :- µ��� = �����

It follows

− ����������µ����� + �³�����µ��� − ��������� ≤ �É����� ≤ − ����������µ����� + �³�����µ��� − ���������

From which one obtains

Definition of �µ}�����, �µ����� :-

(a) For 0 < �µ����� = ���)�� ) < �µ����� < �µ}�����

µ������ ≥ �É�����|�Ê�����É(����Ë"Ì�Í� ������Î�����Ì�Î)����� �#�|�Ê����Ë"Ì�Í� ������Î�����Ì�Î)����� �# , �Ï���� = �É�����a�É)�����É)����a�É(����

it follows �µ����� ≤ µ������ ≤ �µ�����

In the same manner , we get

µ������ ≤ �É������|�Ê}�����É�(����Ë"Ì�Í� ������Î������Ì�Î�(����� �#�|�Ê}����Ë"Ì�Í� ������Î������Ì�Î�(����� �# , �Ï}���� = �É������a�É)�����É)����a�É�(����

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From which we deduce �µ����� ≤ µ������ ≤ �µ}�����

(b) If 0 < �µ����� < �µ����� = ���)�� ) < �µ}����� we find like in the previous case,

�µ����� ≤ �É�����|�Ê�����É(����Ë"Ì�Í� ������Î�����Ì�Î(����� �#�|�Ê����Ë"Ì�Í� ������Î�����Ì�Î(����� �# ≤ µ������ ≤

�É������|�Ê}�����É�(����Ë"Ì�Í� ������Î������Ì�Î�(����� �#�|�Ê}����Ë"Ì�Í� ������Î������Ì�Î�(����� �# ≤ �µ}�����

(c) If 0 < �µ����� ≤ �µ}����� ≤ �µ����� = ���)�� ) , we obtain

�µ����� ≤ µ������ ≤ �É������|�Ê}�����É�(����Ë"Ì�Í� ������Î������Ì�Î�(����� �#�|�Ê}����Ë"Ì�Í� ������Î������Ì�Î�(����� �# ≤ �µ�����

And so with the notation of the first part of condition (c) , we have

Definition of µ������ :-

�B����� ≤ µ������ ≤ �B�����, µ������ = �������� ���

In a completely analogous way, we obtain

Definition of @������ :- �¶����� ≤ @������ ≤ �¶�����, @������ = $�����$� ���

Now, using this result and replacing it in 19, 20,21,22,23, and 24 we get easily the result stated in the

theorem.

Particular case :

If ����00 ���� = ����00 ����, �ℎ;C �³����� = �³����� and in this case �µ����� = �µ}����� if in addition �µ����� =�µ����� then µ������ = �µ����� and as a consequence ������ = �µ����������� this also defines �µ����� for the

special case

Analogously if ����00 ���� = ����00 ����, �ℎ;C �´����� = �´����� and then

�@����� = �@������if in addition �@����� = �@����� then ������ = �@����������� This is an important

consequence of the relation between �µ����� and �µ}�����, and definition of �@�����.

Proof : From 19,20,21,22,23,24 we obtain

«É�(�«¨ = �������� − �����0 ���� − ���0 ���� + ����00 �����T�, t�� − ���00 �����T�, t�µ��� − �������µ���

Definition of µ��� :- µ��� = ^�%^�&

It follows

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− ���������µ����� + �σ�����µ��� − ��������� ≤ «É�(�«¨ ≤ − ���������µ����� + �σ�����µ��� − ��������� From which one obtains

Definition of �µ}�����, �µ����� :- (d) For 0 < �µ����� = ^�%)^�&) < �µ����� < �µ}�����

µ������ ≥ �É���(�|�Ñ��(��É(��(�Ë"Ì�Í�&��(���Î���(�Ì�Î)��(�� �#�|�Ñ��(�Ë"Ì�Í�&��(���Î���(�Ì�Î)��(�� �# , �C���� = �É���(�a�É)��(��É)��(�a�É(��(�

it follows �µ����� ≤ µ������ ≤ �µ�����

In the same manner , we get

µ������ ≤ �É����(�|�Ñ���(��É�(��(�Ë"Ì�Í�&��(���Î����(�Ì�Î�(��(�� �#�|�Ñ���(�Ë"Ì�Í�&��(���Î����(�Ì�Î�(��(�� �# , �C����� = �É����(�a�É)��(��É)��(�a�É�(��(�

From which we deduce �µ����� ≤ µ������ ≤ �µ}�����

(e) If 0 < �µ����� < �µ����� = ^�%)^�&) < �µ}����� we find like in the previous case,

�µ����� ≤ �É���(�|�Ñ��(��É(��(�Ë"Ì�Í�&��(���Î���(�Ì�Î(��(�� �#�|�Ñ��(�Ë"Ì�Í�&��(���Î���(�Ì�Î(��(�� �# ≤ µ������ ≤

�É����(�|�Ñ���(��É�(��(�Ë"Ì�Í�&��(���Î����(�Ì�Î�(��(�� �#�|�Ñ���(�Ë"Ì�Í�&��(���Î����(�Ì�Î�(��(�� �# ≤ �µ}�����

(f) If 0 < �µ����� ≤ �µ}����� ≤ �µ����� = ^�%)^�&) , we obtain

�µ����� ≤ µ������ ≤ �É����(�|�Ñ���(��É�(��(�Ë"Ì�Í�&��(���Î����(�Ì�Î�(��(�� �#�|�Ñ���(�Ë"Ì�Í�&��(���Î����(�Ì�Î�(��(�� �# ≤ �µ�����

And so with the notation of the first part of condition (c) , we have

Definition of µ������ :-

�B����� ≤ µ������ ≤ �B�����, µ������ = ��%�����&���

In a completely analogous way, we obtain

Definition of @������ :- �¶����� ≤ @������ ≤ �¶�����, @������ = $�%���$�&���

Now, using this result and replacing it in 19, 20,21,22,23, and 24 we get easily the result stated in the

theorem.

Particular case :

If ����00 ���� = ���00 ����, �ℎ;C �σ����� = �σ����� and in this case �µ����� = �µ}����� if in addition �µ����� =�µ����� then µ������ = �µ����� and as a consequence ������ = �µ����������

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Analogously if ����00 ���� = ���00 ����, �ℎ;C �τ����� = �τ����� and then

�@����� = �@������if in addition �@����� = �@����� then ������ = �@���������� This is an important

consequence of the relation between �µ����� and �µ}�����

Proof : From 19,20,21,22,23,24 we obtain

�É����� = �������� − �����0 ���� − ����0 ���� + ����00 ��������, ��� − ����00 ��������, ��µ��� − ��������µ���

Definition of µ��� :- µ��� = �()�(�

It follows

− ����������µ����� + �³�����µ��� − ��������� ≤ �É����� ≤ − ����������µ����� + �³�����µ��� − ���������

From which one obtains

(a) For 0 < �µ����� = �())�(�) < �µ����� < �µ}�����

µ������ ≥ �É�����|�Ê�����É(����Ë"Ì�Í(�������Î�����Ì�Î)����� �#�|�Ê����Ë"Ì�Í(�������Î�����Ì�Î)����� �# , �Ï���� = �É�����a�É)�����É)����a�É(����

it follows �µ����� ≤ µ������ ≤ �µ�����

In the same manner , we get

µ������ ≤ �É������|�Ê}�����É�(����Ë"Ì�Í(�������Î������Ì�Î�(����� �#�|�Ê}����Ë"Ì�Í(�������Î������Ì�Î�(����� �# , �Ï}���� = �É������a�É)�����É)����a�É�(����

Definition of �µ}����� :- From which we deduce �µ����� ≤ µ������ ≤ �µ}�����

(b) If 0 < �µ����� < �µ����� = �())�(�) < �µ}����� we find like in the previous case,

�µ����� ≤ �É�����|�Ê�����É(����Ë"Ì�Í(�������Î�����Ì�Î(����� �#�|�Ê����Ë"Ì�Í(�������Î�����Ì�Î(����� �# ≤ µ������ ≤

�É������|�Ê}�����É�(����Ë"Ì�Í(�������Î������Ì�Î�(����� �#�|�Ê}����Ë"Ì�Í(�������Î������Ì�Î�(����� �# ≤ �µ}�����

(c) If 0 < �µ����� ≤ �µ}����� ≤ �µ����� = �())�(�) , we obtain

�µ����� ≤ µ������ ≤ �É������|�Ê}�����É�(����Ë"Ì�Í(�������Î������Ì�Î�(����� �#�|�Ê}����Ë"Ì�Í(�������Î������Ì�Î�(����� �# ≤ �µ�����

And so with the notation of the first part of condition (c) , we have

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Definition of µ������ :-

�B����� ≤ µ������ ≤ �B�����, µ������ = �()����(����

In a completely analogous way, we obtain

Definition of @������ :- �¶����� ≤ @������ ≤ �¶�����, @������ = $()���$(����

Now, using this result and replacing it in 19, 20,21,22,23, and 24 we get easily the result stated in the

theorem.

Particular case :

If ����00 ���� = ����00 ����, �ℎ;C �³����� = �³����� and in this case �µ����� = �µ}����� if in addition �µ����� =�µ����� then µ������ = �µ����� and as a consequence ������ = �µ�����������

Analogously if ����00 ���� = ����00 ����, �ℎ;C �´����� = �´����� and then

�@����� = �@������if in addition �@����� = �@����� then ������ = �@����������� This is an important

consequence of the relation between �µ����� and �µ}�����

Proof : From 19,20,21,22,23,24 we obtain

�É� ��� = �������� − �����0 ���� − ����0 ���� + ����00 ��������, ��� − ����00 ��������, ��µ��� − ��������µ���

Definition of µ��� :- µ��� = �( �(!

It follows

− ����������µ����� + �³�����µ��� − ��������� ≤ �É� ��� ≤ − ����������µ����� + �³�����µ��� − ���������

From which one obtains

Definition of �µ}�����, �µ����� :-

(d) For 0 < �µ����� = �( )�(!) < �µ����� < �µ}�����

µ������ ≥ �É��� �|�Ê�� ��É(�� �Ë"Ì�Í(!�� ���Î��� �Ì�Î)�� �� �#�|�Ê�� �Ë"Ì�Í(!�� ���Î��� �Ì�Î)�� �� �# , �Ï���� = �É��� �a�É)�� ��É)�� �a�É(�� �

it follows �µ����� ≤ µ������ ≤ �µ�����

In the same manner , we get

µ������ ≤ �É���� �|�Ê}�� ��É�(�� �Ë"Ì�Í(!�� ���Î���� �Ì�Î�(�� �� �#�|�Ê}�� �Ë"Ì�Í(!�� ���Î���� �Ì�Î�(�� �� �# , �Ï}���� = �É���� �a�É)�� ��É)�� �a�É�(�� �

From which we deduce �µ����� ≤ µ������ ≤ �µ}�����

(e) If 0 < �µ����� < �µ����� = �( )�(!) < �µ}����� we find like in the previous case,

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�µ����� ≤ �É��� �|�Ê�� ��É(�� �Ë"Ì�Í(!�� ���Î��� �Ì�Î(�� �� �#�|�Ê�� �Ë"Ì�Í(!�� ���Î��� �Ì�Î(�� �� �# ≤ µ������ ≤

�É���� �|�Ê}�� ��É�(�� �Ë"Ì�Í(!�� ���Î���� �Ì�Î�(�� �� �#�|�Ê}�� �Ë"Ì�Í(!�� ���Î���� �Ì�Î�(�� �� �# ≤ �µ}�����

(f) If 0 < �µ����� ≤ �µ}����� ≤ �µ����� = �( )�(!) , we obtain

�µ����� ≤ µ������ ≤ �É���� �|�Ê}�� ��É�(�� �Ë"Ì�Í(!�� ���Î���� �Ì�Î�(�� �� �#�|�Ê}�� �Ë"Ì�Í(!�� ���Î���� �Ì�Î�(�� �� �# ≤ �µ�����

And so with the notation of the first part of condition (c) , we have

Definition of µ������ :-

�B����� ≤ µ������ ≤ �B�����, µ������ = �( ����(!���

In a completely analogous way, we obtain

Definition of @������ :- �¶����� ≤ @������ ≤ �¶�����, @������ = $( ���$(!���

Now, using this result and replacing it in 19, 20,21,22,23, and 24 we get easily the result stated in the

theorem.

Particular case :

If ����00 ���� = ����00 ����, �ℎ;C �³����� = �³����� and in this case �µ����� = �µ}����� if in addition �µ����� =�µ����� then µ������ = �µ����� and as a consequence ������ = �µ����������� this also defines �µ����� for the special case .

Analogously if ����00 ���� = ����00 ����, �ℎ;C �´����� = �´����� and then

�@����� = �@������if in addition �@����� = �@����� then ������ = �@����������� This is an important

consequence of the relation between �µ����� and �µ}�����, and definition of �@�����.

Proof : From 19,20,21,22,23,24 we obtain

�É�!��� = ������� − ����0 ���� − ��� 0 ���� + ���00 ������� , ��� − ��� 00 ������� , ��µ��� − ��� ����µ���

Definition of µ��� :- µ��� = �('�(*

It follows

− ���� �����µ����� + �³�����µ��� − �������� ≤ �É�!��� ≤ − ���� �����µ����� + �³�����µ��� − ��������

From which one obtains

Definition of �µ}�����, �µ����� :-

(g) For 0 < �µ����� = �(')�(*) < �µ����� < �µ}�����

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µ������ ≥ �É���!�|�Ê��!��É(��!�Ë"Ì�Í(*��!���Î���!�Ì�Î)��!�� �#�|�Ê��!�Ë"Ì�Í(*��!���Î���!�Ì�Î)��!�� �# , �Ï���� = �É���!�a�É)��!��É)��!�a�É(��!�

it follows �µ����� ≤ µ������ ≤ �µ�����

In the same manner , we get

µ������ ≤ �É����!�|�Ê}��!��É�(��!�Ë"Ì�Í(*��!���Î����!�Ì�Î�(��!�� �#�|�Ê}��!�Ë"Ì�Í(*��!���Î����!�Ì�Î�(��!�� �# , �Ï}���� = �É����!�a�É)��!��É)��!�a�É�(��!�

From which we deduce �µ����� ≤ µ������ ≤ �µ}�����

(h) If 0 < �µ����� < �µ����� = �(')�(*) < �µ}����� we find like in the previous case,

�µ����� ≤ �É���!�|�Ê��!��É(��!�Ë"Ì�Í(*��!���Î���!�Ì�Î(��!�� �#�|�Ê��!�Ë"Ì�Í(*��!���Î���!�Ì�Î(��!�� �# ≤ µ������ ≤

�É����!�|�Ê}��!��É�(��!�Ë"Ì�Í(*��!���Î����!�Ì�Î�(��!�� �#�|�Ê}��!�Ë"Ì�Í(*��!���Î����!�Ì�Î�(��!�� �# ≤ �µ}�����

(i) If 0 < �µ����� ≤ �µ}����� ≤ �µ����� = �(')�(*) , we obtain

�µ����� ≤ µ������ ≤ �É����!�|�Ê}��!��É�(��!�Ë"Ì�Í(*��!���Î����!�Ì�Î�(��!�� �#�|�Ê}��!�Ë"Ì�Í(*��!���Î����!�Ì�Î�(��!�� �# ≤ �µ�����

And so with the notation of the first part of condition (c) , we have

Definition of µ������ :-

�B����� ≤ µ������ ≤ �B�����, µ������ = �('����(*���

In a completely analogous way, we obtain

Definition of @������ :- �¶����� ≤ @������ ≤ �¶�����, @������ = $('���$(*���

Now, using this result and replacing it in 19, 20,21,22,23, and 24 we get easily the result stated in the

theorem.

Particular case :

If ���00 ���� = ��� 00 ����, �ℎ;C �³����� = �³����� and in this case �µ����� = �µ}����� if in addition �µ����� =�µ����� then µ������ = �µ����� and as a consequence ����� = �µ������� ��� this also defines �µ����� for the special case .

Analogously if ���00 ���� = ��� 00 ����, �ℎ;C �´����� = �´����� and then

�@����� = �@������if in addition �@����� = �@����� then ����� = �@������� ��� This is an important

consequence of the relation between �µ����� and �µ}�����, and definition of �@�����.

Proof : From 19,20,21,22,23,24 we obtain

�É�%��� = �������� − �����0 ���� − ����0 ���� + ����00 ��������, ��� − ����00 ��������, ��µ��� − ��������µ���

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Definition of µ��� :- µ��� = ��(���

It follows

− ����������µ����� + �³�����µ��� − ��������� ≤ �É�%��� ≤ − ����������µ����� + �³�����µ��� − ���������

From which one obtains

Definition of �µ}�����, �µ����� :-

(j) For 0 < �µ����� = ��()���) < �µ����� < �µ}�����

µ������ ≥ �É���%�|�Ê��%��É(��%�Ë"Ì�Í����%���Î���%�Ì�Î)��%�� �#�|�Ê��%�Ë"Ì�Í����%���Î���%�Ì�Î)��%�� �# , �Ï���� = �É���%�a�É)��%��É)��%�a�É(��%�

it follows �µ����� ≤ µ������ ≤ �µ�����

In the same manner , we get

µ������ ≤ �É����%�|�Ê}��%��É�(��%�Ë"Ì�Í����%���Î����%�Ì�Î�(��%�� �#�|�Ê}��%�Ë"Ì�Í����%���Î����%�Ì�Î�(��%�� �# , �Ï}���� = �É����%�a�É)��%��É)��%�a�É�(��%�

From which we deduce �µ����� ≤ µ������ ≤ �µ}�����

(k) If 0 < �µ����� < �µ����� = ��()���) < �µ}����� we find like in the previous case,

�µ����� ≤ �É���%�|�Ê��%��É(��%�Ë"Ì�Í����%���Î���%�Ì�Î(��%�� �#�|�Ê��%�Ë"Ì�Í����%���Î���%�Ì�Î(��%�� �# ≤ µ������ ≤

�É����%�|�Ê}��%��É�(��%�Ë"Ì�Í����%���Î����%�Ì�Î�(��%�� �#�|�Ê}��%�Ë"Ì�Í����%���Î����%�Ì�Î�(��%�� �# ≤ �µ}�����

(l) If 0 < �µ����� ≤ �µ}����� ≤ �µ����� = ��()���) , we obtain

�µ����� ≤ µ������ ≤ �É����%�|�Ê}��%��É�(��%�Ë"Ì�Í����%���Î����%�Ì�Î�(��%�� �#�|�Ê}��%�Ë"Ì�Í����%���Î����%�Ì�Î�(��%�� �# ≤ �µ�����

And so with the notation of the first part of condition (c) , we have

Definition of µ������ :-

�B����� ≤ µ������ ≤ �B�����, µ������ = ��(���������

In a completely analogous way, we obtain

Definition of @������ :- �¶����� ≤ @������ ≤ �¶�����, @������ = $�(���$�����

Now, using this result and replacing it in 19, 20,21,22,23, and 24 we get easily the result stated in the

theorem.

Particular case :

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If ����00 ���� = ����00 ����, �ℎ;C �³����� = �³����� and in this case �µ����� = �µ}����� if in addition �µ����� =�µ����� then µ������ = �µ����� and as a consequence ������ = �µ����������� this also defines �µ����� for the special case .

Analogously if ����00 ���� = ����00 ����, �ℎ;C �´����� = �´����� and then

�@����� = �@������if in addition �@����� = �@����� then ������ = �@����������� This is an important

consequence of the relation between �µ����� and �µ}�����, and definition of �@�����.

We can prove the following

Theorem 3: If ��M00�����C8 ��M00���� are independent on � , and the conditions (with the notations

25,26,27,28)

����0 ��������0 ���� − ���������������� < 0

����0 ��������0 ���� − ���������������� + ���������S������ + ����0 �����S������ + �S�������S������ > 0

����0 ��������0 ���� − ���������������� > 0 ,

����0 ��������0 ���� − ���������������� − ����0 �����<������ − ����0 �����<������ + �<�������<������ < 0

L>�ℎ �S������, �<������ as defined by equation 25 are satisfied , then the system

Theorem 3: If ��M00�����C8 ��M00���� are independent on t , and the conditions (with the notations

25,26,27,28)

����0 �������0 ���� − ��������������� < 0

����0 �������0 ���� − ��������������� + ���������S������ + ���0 �����S����� + �S�������S����� > 0

����0 �������0 ���� − ��������������� > 0 ,

����0 �������0 ���� − ��������������� − ����0 �����<����� − ���0 �����<����� + �<�������<����� < 0

L>�ℎ �S������, �<����� as defined by equation 25 are satisfied , then the system

Theorem 3: If ��M00�����C8 ��M00���� are independent on � , and the conditions (with the notations

25,26,27,28)

����0 ��������0 ���� − ���������������� < 0

����0 ��������0 ���� − ���������������� + ���������S������ + ����0 �����S������ + �S�������S������ > 0

����0 ��������0 ���� − ���������������� > 0 ,

����0 ��������0 ���� − ���������������� − ����0 �����<������ − ����0 �����<������ + �<�������<������ < 0

L>�ℎ �S������, �<������ as defined by equation 25 are satisfied , then the system

We can prove the following

Theorem 3: If ��M00�����C8 ��M00���� are independent on � , and the conditions (with the notations

25,26,27,28)

����0 ��������0 ���� − ���������������� < 0

����0 ��������0 ���� − ���������������� + ���������S������ + ����0 �����S������ + �S�������S������ > 0

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����0 ��������0 ���� − ���������������� > 0 ,

����0 ��������0 ���� − ���������������� − ����0 �����<������ − ����0 �����<������ + �<�������<������ < 0

L>�ℎ �S������, �<������ as defined by equation 25 are satisfied , then the system

Theorem 3: If ��M00�����C8 ��M00���� are independent on � , and the conditions (with the notations

25,26,27,28)

���0 ������� 0 ���� − ���������� ���� < 0

���0 ������� 0 ���� − ���������� ���� + ��������S����� + ��� 0 �����S� ���� + �S������S� ���� > 0

���0 ������� 0 ���� − ���������� ���� > 0 ,

���0 ������� 0 ���� − ���������� ���� − ���0 �����<� ���� − ��� 0 �����<� ���� + �<������<� ���� < 0

L>�ℎ �S�����, �<� ���� as defined by equation 25 are satisfied , then the system

Theorem 3: If ��M00�����C8 ��M00���� are independent on � , and the conditions (with the notations

25,26,27,28)

����0 ��������0 ���� − ���������������� < 0

����0 ��������0 ���� − ���������������� + ���������S������ + ����0 �����S������ + �S�������S������ > 0

����0 ��������0 ���� − ���������������� > 0 ,

����0 ��������0 ���� − ���������������� − ����0 �����<������ − ����0 �����<������ + �<�������<������ < 0

L>�ℎ �S������, �<������ as defined by equation 25 are satisfied , then the system

����������� − �����0 ���� + ����00 ������������� = 0

����������� − �����0 ���� + ����00 ������������� = 0

����������� − �����0 ���� + ����00 ������������� = 0

����������� − [����0 ���� − ����00 ������� ]��� = 0

����������� − [����0 ���� − ����00 ������� ]��� = 0

����������� − [����0 ���� − ����00 ������� ]��� = 0

has a unique positive solution , which is an equilibrium solution for the system (19 to 24)

���������� − �����0 ���� + ����00 ������������ = 0

���������� − ����0 ���� + ���00 ����������� = 0

��������� − ����0 ���� + ���00 ����������� = 0

���������� − [����0 ���� − ����00 ������� � ]��� = 0

���������� − [���0 ���� − ���00 ������� � ]�� = 0

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��������� − [���0 ���� − ���00 ������� � ]�� = 0

has a unique positive solution , which is an equilibrium solution for (19 to 24)

����������� − �����0 ���� + ����00 ������������� = 0

����������� − �����0 ���� + ����00 ������������� = 0

����������� − �����0 ���� + ����00 ������������� = 0

����������� − [����0 ���� − ����00 ��������� ]��� = 0

����������� − [����0 ���� − ����00 ��������� ]��� = 0

����������� − [����0 ���� − ����00 ��������� ]��� = 0

has a unique positive solution , which is an equilibrium solution

����������� − �����0 ���� + ����00 ������������� = 0

����������� − �����0 ���� + ����00 ������������� = 0 ����������� − �����0 ���� + ����00 ������������� = 0

����������� − [����0 ���� − ����00 ���������� ]��� = 0

����������� − [����0 ���� − ����00 ���������� ]��� = 0

����������� − [����0 ���� − ����00 ���������� ]��� = 0

has a unique positive solution , which is an equilibrium solution

��������� − ����0 ���� + ���00 ������� ���� = 0

��� ������ − ���� 0 ���� + ��� 00 ������� ���� = 0

���������� − �����0 ���� + ����00 ������� ����� = 0

��������� − [���0 ���� − ���00 ��������� ]�� = 0

��� ������ − [��� 0 ���� − ��� 00 ��������� ]�� = 0

���������� − [����0 ���� − ����00 ��������� ]��� = 0

has a unique positive solution , which is an equilibrium solution

����������� − �����0 ���� + ����00 ������������� = 0

����������� − �����0 ���� + ����00 ������������� = 0

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����������� − �����0 ���� + ����00 ������������� = 0

����������� − [����0 ���� − ����00 ��������� ]��� = 0

����������� − [����0 ���� − ����00 ��������� ]��� = 0

����������� − [����0 ���� − ����00 ��������� ]��� = 0

has a unique positive solution , which is an equilibrium solution for the system

Proof:

(a) Indeed the first two equations have a nontrivial solution ���, ��� if Ó��� = ����0 ��������0 ���� − ���������������� + ����0 ��������00 ��������� + ����0 ��������00 ��������� +����00 �������������00 ��������� = 0

(a) Indeed the first two equations have a nontrivial solution ���, �� if F��� � = ����0 �������0 ���� − ��������������� + ����0 �������00 �������� + ���0 ��������00 �������� +����00 �����������00 �������� = 0

(a) Indeed the first two equations have a nontrivial solution ���, ��� if Ó����� = ����0 ��������0 ���� − ���������������� + ����0 ��������00 ��������� + ����0 ��������00 ��������� +����00 �������������00 ��������� = 0

(a) Indeed the first two equations have a nontrivial solution ���, ��� if Ó���� = ����0 ��������0 ���� − ���������������� + ����0 ��������00 ��������� + ����0 ��������00 ��������� +����00 �������������00 ��������� = 0

(a) Indeed the first two equations have a nontrivial solution ��, �� if Ó����� = ���0 ������� 0 ���� − ���������� ���� + ���0 ������� 00 ������� � + ��� 0 �������00 ������� � +���00 ������� ���� 00 ������� � = 0

(a) Indeed the first two equations have a nontrivial solution ���, ��� if Ó����� = ����0 ��������0 ���� − ���������������� + ����0 ��������00 ��������� + ����0 ��������00 ��������� +����00 �������������00 ��������� = 0

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Definition and uniqueness of T��∗ :-

After hypothesis =�0� < 0, =�∞� > 0 and the functions ��M00��������� being increasing, it follows

that there exists a unique ���∗ for which =����∗ � = 0. With this value , we obtain from the three first

equations

��� = �g�������� ��g��  ����|�g��   �����$� ∗ �� , ��� = �g�!������ ��g�!  ����|�g�!   �����$� ∗ ��

Definition and uniqueness of T�∗ :-

After hypothesis =�0� < 0, =�∞� > 0 and the functions ��M00�������� being increasing, it follows

that there exists a unique T�∗ for which =�T�∗ � = 0. With this value , we obtain from the three first

equations

��� = �g�%��(�^�&��g�%  ��(�|�g�%   ��(��ª�&∗ �� , �� = �g�'��(�^�&��g�'  ��(�|�g�'   ��(��ª�&∗ ��

Definition and uniqueness of T��∗ :-

After hypothesis =�0� < 0, =�∞� > 0 and the functions ��M00��������� being increasing, it follows

that there exists a unique ���∗ for which =����∗ � = 0. With this value , we obtain from the three first

equations

��� = �g()�����(���g()  ����|�g()   �����$(�∗ �� , ��� = �g((�����(���g((  ����|�g((   �����$(�∗ ��

Definition and uniqueness of T��∗ :-

After hypothesis =�0� < 0, =�∞� > 0 and the functions ��M00��������� being increasing, it follows

that there exists a unique ���∗ for which =����∗ � = 0. With this value , we obtain from the three first

equations

��� = �g( �� ��(!��g(   �� �|�g(    �� ��$(!∗ �� , ��� = �g(%�� ��(!��g(%  �� �|�g(%   �� ��$(!∗ ��

Definition and uniqueness of T� ∗ :-

After hypothesis =�0� < 0, =�∞� > 0 and the functions ��M00������� � being increasing, it follows

that there exists a unique �� ∗ for which =��� ∗ � = 0. With this value , we obtain from the three first

equations

�� = �g('��!��(*��g('  ��!�|�g('   ��!��$(*∗ �� , ��� = �g�)��!��(*��g�)  ��!�|�g�)   ��!��$(*∗ ��

Definition and uniqueness of T��∗ :-

After hypothesis =�0� < 0, =�∞� > 0 and the functions ��M00��������� being increasing, it follows

that there exists a unique ���∗ for which =����∗ � = 0. With this value , we obtain from the three first

equations

��� = �g�(��%������g�(  ��%�|�g�(   ��%��$��∗ �� , ��� = �g� ��%������g�   ��%�|�g�    ��%��$��∗ ��

(e) By the same argument, the equations (GLOBAL) admit solutions ���, ��� if

Ö��� = ����0 ��������0 ���� − ���������������� −

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�����0 ��������00 ������� + ����0 ��������00 ��������+����00 �����������00 ������� = 0

Where in �����, ���, ����, ���, ��� must be replaced by their values from 96. It is easy to see that φ

is a decreasing function in ��� taking into account the hypothesis Ö�0� > 0 , Ö�∞� < 0 it follows

that there exists a unique ���∗ such that Ö��∗� = 0

(f) By the same argument, the equations (GLOBAL) admit solutions ���, �� if

φ��� � = ����0 �������0 ���� − ��������������� −

�����0 �������00 ������� � + ���0 ��������00 ������� ��+����00 ������� ����00 ������� � = 0

Where in ��� �����, ��, ���, ���, �� must be replaced by their values It is easy to see that φ is a

decreasing function in �� taking into account the hypothesis φ�0� > 0 , Ö�∞� < 0 it follows that

there exists a unique G��∗ such that φ���� �∗� = 0

(g) By the same argument, the equations(GLOBAL) admit solutions ���, ��� if

Ö����� = ����0 ��������0 ���� − ���������������� −

�����0 ��������00 ��������� + ����0 ��������00 ����������+����00 �������������00 ��������� = 0

Where in �������, ���, ����, ���, ��� must be replaced by their values . It is easy to see that φ is a

decreasing function in ��� taking into account the hypothesis Ö�0� > 0 , Ö�∞� < 0 it follows that

there exists a unique ���∗ such that Ö������∗� = 0

(h) By the same argument, the equations (GLOBAL) admit solutions ���, ��� if

Ö���� = ����0 ��������0 ���� − ���������������� −

�����0 ��������00 �������� + ����0 ��������00 ���������+����00 ������������00 �������� = 0

Where in ��������, ���, ����, ���, ��� must be replaced by their values from 96. It is easy to see that φ is a decreasing function in ��� taking into account the hypothesis Ö�0� > 0 , Ö�∞� < 0 it follows

that there exists a unique ���∗ such that Ö�����∗� = 0

(i) By the same argument, the equations (GLOBAL) admit solutions ��, �� if

Ö����� = ���0 ������� 0 ���� − ���������� ���� −

����0 ������� 00 ��������� + ��� 0 �������00 ����������+���00 ������������ 00 ��������� = 0

Where in ��������, �� , ����, ��, ��� must be replaced by their values It is easy to see that φ is a

decreasing function in �� taking into account the hypothesis Ö�0� > 0 , Ö�∞� < 0 it follows that

there exists a unique �� ∗ such that Ö������∗� = 0

(j) By the same argument, the equations(GLOBAL) admit solutions ���, ��� if

Ö����� = ����0 ��������0 ���� − ���������������� −

�����0 ��������00 ��������� + ����0 ��������00 ����������+����00 �������������00 ��������� = 0

Where in ���������, ���, ����, ���, ��� must be replaced by their values It is easy to see that φ is a

decreasing function in ��� taking into account the hypothesis Ö�0� > 0 , Ö�∞� < 0 it follows that

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there exists a unique ���∗ such that Ö��∗� = 0

Finally we obtain the unique solution

���∗ given by Ö��∗� = 0 , ���∗ given by =����∗ � = 0 and

���∗ = �g�������� ∗��g��  ����|�g��   �����$� ∗ �� , ���∗ = �g�!������ ∗��g�!  ����|�g�!   �����$� ∗ �� ���∗ = �i������$� ∗��i��  ����a�i��   ������∗�� , ���∗ = �i�!����$� ∗��i�!  ����a�i�!   ������∗�� Obviously, these values represent an equilibrium solution

Finally we obtain the unique solution

G�∗ given by φ���� �∗� = 0 , T�∗ given by =�T�∗ � = 0 and

G��∗ = �Ú�%��(�^�&∗��Ú�%  ��(�|�Ú�%   ��(��ª�&∗ �� , G�∗ = �Ú�'��(�^�&∗��Ú�'  ��(�|�Ú�'   ��(��ª�&∗ ��

T��∗ = �Û�%��(�ª�&∗��Û�%  ��(�a�Û�%   ��(�����*�∗�� , T�∗ = �Û�'��(�ª�&∗��Û�'  ��(�a�Û�'   ��(�����*�∗��

Obviously, these values represent an equilibrium solution

Finally we obtain the unique solution

by Ö������∗� = 0 , ���∗ given by =����∗ � = 0 and

���∗ = �g()�����(�∗��g()  ����|�g()   �����$(�∗ �� , ���∗ = �g((�����(�∗��g((  ����|�g((   �����$(�∗ �� ���∗ = �i()����$(�∗��i()  ����a�i()   ������(�∗�� , ���∗ = �i((����$(�∗��i((  ����a�i((   ������(�∗�� Obviously, these values represent an equilibrium solution

Finally we obtain the unique solution

���∗ given by Ö���� = 0 , ���∗ given by =����∗ � = 0 and

���∗ = �g( �� ��(!∗��g(   �� �|�g(    �� ��$(!∗ �� , ���∗ = �g(%�� ��(!∗��g(%  �� �|�g(%   �� ��$(!∗ ��

���∗ = �i( �� �$(!∗��i(   �� �a�i(    �� ����(&�∗�� , ���∗ = �i(%�� �$(!∗��i(%  �� �a�i(%   �� ����(&�∗�� Obviously, these values represent an equilibrium solution

Finally we obtain the unique solution

�� ∗ given by Ö������∗� = 0 , �� ∗ given by =��� ∗ � = 0 and

��∗ = �g('��!��(*∗��g('  ��!�|�g('   ��!��$(*∗ �� , ���∗ = �g�)��!��(*∗��g�)  ��!�|�g�)   ��!��$(*∗ ��

��∗ = �i('��!�$(*∗��i('  ��!�a�i('   ��!�������∗�� , ���∗ = �i�)��!�$(*∗��i�)  ��!�a�i�)   ��!�������∗��

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Obviously, these values represent an equilibrium solution

Finally we obtain the unique solution

���∗ given by Ö������∗� = 0 , ���∗ given by =����∗ � = 0 and

���∗ = �g�(��%����∗��g�(  ��%�|�g�(   ��%��$��∗ �� , ���∗ = �g� ��%����∗��g�   ��%�|�g�    ��%��$��∗ ��

���∗ = �i�(��%�$��∗��i�(  ��%�a�i�(   ��%�����!�∗�� , ���∗ = �i� ��%�$��∗��i�   ��%�a�i�    ��%�����!�∗�� Obviously, these values represent an equilibrium solution

ASYMPTOTIC STABILITY ANALYSIS

Theorem 4: If the conditions of the previous theorem are satisfied and if the functions ��M00���� �C8 ��M00���� Belong to Ï���� ℝ|� then the above equilibrium point is asymptotically stable.

Proof: Denote

Definition of ÜM, ÝM :- �M = �M∗ + ÜM , �M = �M∗ + ÝM Þ�g�    ����Þ$� ����∗ � = �ß������ , Þ�ih  ����Þ�� � �∗ � = ?M�

Then taking into account equations (GLOBAL) and neglecting the terms of power 2, we obtain

�Ü���� = −�����0 ���� + �S�������Ü�� + ��������Ü�� − �ß���������∗ Ý��

�Ü� �� = −�����0 ���� + �S�������Ü�� + ��������Ü�� − �ß���������∗ Ý��

�Ü�!�� = −�����0 ���� + �S�������Ü�� + ��������Ü�� − �ß���������∗ Ý��

�Ý���� = −�����0 ���� − �<�������Ý�� + ��������Ý�� + à �?����������∗ Ü�����á��

�Ý� �� = −�����0 ���� − �<�������Ý�� + ��������Ý�� + à �?����������∗ Ü�����á��

�Ý�!�� = −�����0 ���� − �<�������Ý�� + ��������Ý�� + à �?����������∗ Ü�����á��

If the conditions of the previous theorem are satisfied and if the functions �aM00���� and �bM00���� Belong to C���� ℝ|� then the above equilibrium point is asymptotically stable

Denote

Definition of ÜM, ÝM :-

GM = GM∗ + ÜM , TM = TM∗ + ÝM

â�g�&   ��(�âª�& �T�∗ � = �ß����� , â�ih  ��(�â^� � ��� �∗ � = ?M�

«Ü�%«¨ = −�����0 ���� + �S�������Ü�� + ��������Ü� − �ß������G��∗ Ý�

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«Ü�&«¨ = −����0 ���� + �S������Ü� + �������Ü�� − �ß�����G�∗ Ý�

«Ü�'«¨ = −����0 ���� + �S������Ü� + �������Ü� − �ß�����G�∗ Ý�

«Ý�%«¨ = −�����0 ���� − �<�������Ý�� + ��������Ý� + à �?�������T��∗ Ü����á��

«Ý�&«¨ = −����0 ���� − �<������Ý� + �������Ý�� + à �?������T�∗ Ü����á��

«Ý�'«¨ = −����0 ���� − �<������Ý� + �������Ý� + à �?������T�∗ Ü����á��

If the conditions of the previous theorem are satisfied and if the functions ��M00���� �C8 ��M00���� Belong to Ï���� ℝ|� then the above equilibrium point is asymptotically stable

Denote

Definition of ÜM, ÝM :- �M = �M∗ + ÜM , �M = �M∗ + ÝM Þ�g(�   ����Þ$(� ����∗ � = �ß������ , Þ�ih  ����Þ�� � �����∗ � = ?M�

�Ü()�� = −�����0 ���� + �S�������Ü�� + ��������Ü�� − �ß���������∗ Ý��

�Ü(��� = −�����0 ���� + �S�������Ü�� + ��������Ü�� − �ß���������∗ Ý��

�Ü((�� = −�����0 ���� + �S�������Ü�� + ��������Ü�� − �ß���������∗ Ý��

�Ý()�� = −�����0 ���� − �<�������Ý�� + ��������Ý�� + à �?����������∗ Ü�����á��

�Ý(��� = −�����0 ���� − �<�������Ý�� + ��������Ý�� + à �?����������∗ Ü�����á��

�Ý((�� = −�����0 ���� − �<�������Ý�� + ��������Ý�� + à �?����������∗ Ü�����á��

If the conditions of the previous theorem are satisfied and if the functions ��M00���� �C8 ��M00���� Belong to Ï���� ℝ|� then the above equilibrium point is asymptotically stable

Denote

Definition of ÜM, ÝM :- �M = �M∗ + ÜM , �M = �M∗ + ÝM

Þ�g(!   �� �Þ$(! ����∗ � = �ß������ , Þ�ih  �� �Þ�� �����∗ � = ?M�

�Ü( �� = −�����0 ���� + �S�������Ü�� + ��������Ü�� − �ß���������∗ Ý��

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�Ü(!�� = −�����0 ���� + �S�������Ü�� + ��������Ü�� − �ß���������∗ Ý��

�Ü(%�� = −�����0 ���� + �S�������Ü�� + ��������Ü�� − �ß���������∗ Ý��

�Ý( �� = −�����0 ���� − �<�������Ý�� + ��������Ý�� + à �?����������∗ Ü�����á��

�Ý(!�� = −�����0 ���� − �<�������Ý�� + ��������Ý�� + à �?����������∗ Ü�����á��

�Ý(%�� = −�����0 ���� − �<�������Ý�� + ��������Ý�� + à �?����������∗ Ü�����á��

If the conditions of the previous theorem are satisfied and if the functions ��M00���� �C8 ��M00���� Belong to Ï���� ℝ|� then the above equilibrium point is asymptotically STABLE

Denote

Definition of ÜM, ÝM :- �M = �M∗ + ÜM , �M = �M∗ + ÝM Þ�g(*   ��!�Þ$(* ��� ∗ � = �ß� ���� , Þ�ih  ��!�Þ�� � �����∗ � = ?M�

�Ü('�� = −����0 ���� + �S������Ü� + �������Ü� − �ß�������∗ Ý�

�Ü(*�� = −���� 0 ���� + �S� �����Ü� + ��� ����Ü� − �ß� ������ ∗ Ý�

�Ü�)�� = −�����0 ���� + �S�������Ü�� + ��������Ü� − �ß���������∗ Ý�

�Ý('�� = −����0 ���� − �<������Ý� + �������Ý� + à �?��������∗ Ü�����á�

�Ý(*�� = −���� 0 ���� − �<� �����Ý� + ��� ����Ý� + à �?�� ������ ∗ Ü�����á�

�Ý�)�� = −�����0 ���� − �<�������Ý�� + ��������Ý� + à �?����������∗ Ü�����á�

If the conditions of the previous theorem are satisfied and if the functions ��M00���� �C8 ��M00���� Belong to Ï���� ℝ|� then the above equilibrium point is asymptotically stable

Denote

Definition of ÜM, ÝM :- �M = �M∗ + ÜM , �M = �M∗ + ÝM

Þ�g��   ��%�Þ$�� ����∗ � = �ß������ , Þ�ih  ��%�Þ�� � �����∗ � = ?M�

�Ü�(�� = −�����0 ���� + �S�������Ü�� + ��������Ü�� − �ß���������∗ Ý��

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�Ü���� = −�����0 ���� + �S�������Ü�� + ��������Ü�� − �ß���������∗ Ý��

�Ü� �� = −�����0 ���� + �S�������Ü�� + ��������Ü�� − �ß���������∗ Ý��

�Ý�(�� = −�����0 ���� − �<�������Ý�� + ��������Ý�� + à �?����������∗ Ü�����á��

�Ý���� = −�����0 ���� − �<�������Ý�� + ��������Ý�� + à �?����������∗ Ü�����á��

�Ý� �� = −�����0 ���� − �<�������Ý�� + ��������Ý�� + à �?����������∗ Ü�����á��

The characteristic equation of this system is

��ã���� + ����0 ���� − �<�������{��ã���� + ����0 ���� + �S�������

"���ã���� + ����0 ���� + �S��������ß���������∗ + ���������ß���������∗ �#

���ã���� + ����0 ���� − �<�������?����,�������∗ +��������?����,�������∗ �

+ ���ã���� + ����0 ���� + �S��������ß���������∗ + ���������ß���������∗ �

���ã���� + ����0 ���� − �<�������?����,�������∗ + ��������?����,�������∗ �

�������� + � ����0 ���� + ����0 ���� + �S������ + �S������� �����

���ã������ + � ����0 ���� + ����0 ���� − �<������ + �<������� �ã�����

+ �������� + � ����0 ���� + ����0 ���� + �S������ + �S������� ����� ����������

+��ã���� + ����0 ���� + �S������� ����������ß���������∗ + �����������������ß���������∗ � ���ã���� + ����0 ���� − �<�������?����,�������∗ +��������?����,�������∗ �} = 0

+

��ã���� + ���0 ���� − �<������{��ã���� + ���0 ���� + �S������

"���ã���� + ����0 ���� + �S��������ß�����G�∗ + ��������ß������G��∗ �#

���ã���� + ����0 ���� − �<�������?���,���T�∗ +�������?����,���T�∗ �

+ ���ã���� + ���0 ���� + �S�������ß������G��∗ + ���������ß�����G�∗ �

���ã���� + ����0 ���� − �<�������?���,����T�∗ + �������?����,����T��∗ �

�������� + � ����0 ���� + ���0 ���� + �S������ + �S������ �����

���ã������ + � ����0 ���� + ���0 ���� − �<������ + �<������ �ã�����

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+ �������� + � ����0 ���� + ���0 ���� + �S������ + �S������ ����� ������G�

+��ã���� + ����0 ���� + �S������� ���������ß�����G�∗ + ���������������ß������G��∗ � ���ã���� + ����0 ���� − �<�������?���,���T�∗ +�������?����,���T��∗ �} = 0

+

��ã���� + ����0 ���� − �<�������{��ã���� + ����0 ���� + �S�������

"���ã���� + ����0 ���� + �S��������ß���������∗ + ���������ß���������∗ �#

���ã���� + ����0 ���� − �<�������?����,�������∗ +��������?����,�������∗ �

+ ���ã���� + ����0 ���� + �S��������ß���������∗ + ���������ß���������∗ �

���ã���� + ����0 ���� − �<�������?����,�������∗ + ��������?����,�������∗ �

�������� + � ����0 ���� + ����0 ���� + �S������ + �S������� �����

���ã������ + � ����0 ���� + ����0 ���� − �<������ + �<������� �ã�����

+ �������� + � ����0 ���� + ����0 ���� + �S������ + �S������� ����� ����������

+��ã���� + ����0 ���� + �S������� ����������ß���������∗ + �����������������ß���������∗ � ���ã���� + ����0 ���� − �<�������?����,�������∗ +��������?����,�������∗ �} = 0

+

��ã���� + ����0 ���� − �<�������{��ã���� + ����0 ���� + �S�������

"���ã���� + ����0 ���� + �S��������ß���������∗ + ���������ß���������∗ �#

���ã���� + ����0 ���� − �<�������?����,�������∗ +��������?����,�������∗ �

+ ���ã���� + ����0 ���� + �S��������ß���������∗ + ���������ß���������∗ �

���ã���� + ����0 ���� − �<�������?����,�������∗ + ��������?����,�������∗ �

�������� + � ����0 ���� + ����0 ���� + �S������ + �S������� �����

���ã������ + � ����0 ���� + ����0 ���� − �<������ + �<������� �ã�����

+ �������� + � ����0 ���� + ����0 ���� + �S������ + �S������� ����� ����������

+��ã���� + ����0 ���� + �S������� ����������ß���������∗ + �����������������ß���������∗ �

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���ã���� + ����0 ���� − �<�������?����,�������∗ +��������?����,�������∗ �} = 0

+

��ã���� + ����0 ���� − �<�������{��ã���� + ����0 ���� + �S�������

"���ã���� + ���0 ���� + �S�������ß� ������ ∗ + ��� �����ß�������∗ �# ���ã���� + ���0 ���� − �<������?�� �,�� ��� ∗ +��� ����?���,�� ��� ∗ �

+ ���ã���� + ��� 0 ���� + �S� ������ß�������∗ + ��������ß� ������ ∗ �

���ã���� + ���0 ���� − �<������?�� �,����� ∗ + ��� ����?���,�����∗ �

�������� + � ���0 ���� + ��� 0 ���� + �S����� + �S� ����� �����

���ã������ + � ���0 ���� + ��� 0 ���� − �<����� + �<� ����� �ã�����

+ �������� + � ���0 ���� + ��� 0 ���� + �S����� + �S� ����� ����� ����������

+��ã���� + ���0 ���� + �S������ ����������ß� ������ ∗ + ��� �������������ß�������∗ � ���ã���� + ���0 ���� − �<������?�� �,������ ∗ +��� ����?���,������∗ �} = 0

+

��ã���� + ����0 ���� − �<�������{��ã���� + ����0 ���� + �S�������

"���ã���� + ����0 ���� + �S��������ß���������∗ + ���������ß���������∗ �#

���ã���� + ����0 ���� − �<�������?����,�������∗ +��������?����,�������∗ �

+ ���ã���� + ����0 ���� + �S��������ß���������∗ + ���������ß���������∗ �

���ã���� + ����0 ���� − �<�������?����,�������∗ + ��������?����,�������∗ �

�������� + � ����0 ���� + ����0 ���� + �S������ + �S������� �����

���ã������ + � ����0 ���� + ����0 ���� − �<������ + �<������� �ã�����

+ �������� + � ����0 ���� + ����0 ���� + �S������ + �S������� ����� ����������

+��ã���� + ����0 ���� + �S������� ����������ß���������∗ + �����������������ß���������∗ � ���ã���� + ����0 ���� − �<�������?����,�������∗ +��������?����,�������∗ �} = 0

And as one sees, all the coefficients are positive. It follows that all the roots have negative real part,

and this proves the theorem.

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 2, Issue 7, July 2012 79

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Acknowledgments:

The introduction is a collection of information from various articles, Books, News Paper

reports, Home Pages Of authors, Artists images, Journal Reviews, Article abstracts, NASA

PHOTOGRAPHS, Stanford Encyclopedia, IV League University Library Search,Text Books,

and Others Books available online, . the internet including Wikipedia. We acknowledge all

authors who have contributed to the same. In the eventuality of the fact that there has been any

act of omission on the part of the authors, We regret with great deal of compunction, contrition,

and remorse. As Newton said, it is only because erudite and eminent people allowed one to

piggy ride on their backs; probably an attempt has been made to look slightly further. Once

again, it is stated that the references are only illustrative and not comprehensive. Without these

sources, the preparation of the paper would have been a bête noir, a la non consummatus. We

pay homage to all sources.

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FLAVOUR COLOR SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ORDINARY NUCLEAR MATTER-A NEW

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First Author: 1Mr. K. N.Prasanna Kumar has three doctorates one each in Mathematics, Economics,

Political Science. Thesis was based on Mathematical Modeling. He was recently awarded D.litt., for his work on

‘Mathematical Models in Political Science’--- Department of studies in Mathematics, Kuvempu University,

Shimoga, Karnataka, India Corresponding Author:[email protected]

Second Author: 2Prof. B.S Kiranagi is the Former Chairman of the Department of Studies in Mathematics,

Manasa Gangotri and present Professor Emeritus of UGC in the Department. Professor Kiranagi has guided

over 25 students and he has received many encomiums and laurels for his contribution to Co homology Groups

and Mathematical Sciences. Known for his prolific writing, and one of the senior most Professors of the

country, he has over 150 publications to his credit. A prolific writer and a prodigious thinker, he has to his credit

several books on Lie Groups, Co Homology Groups, and other mathematical application topics, and excellent

publication history.-- UGC Emeritus Professor (Department of studies in Mathematics), Manasagangotri,

University of Mysore, Karnataka, India

Third Author: 3Prof. C.S. Bagewadi is the present Chairman of Department of Mathematics and Department

of Studies in Computer Science and has guided over 25 students. He has published articles in both national and

international journals. Professor Bagewadi specializes in Differential Geometry and its wide-ranging

ramifications. He has to his credit more than 159 research papers. Several Books on Differential Geometry,

Differential Equations are coauthored by him--- Chairman, Department of studies in Mathematics and Computer

science, Jnanasahyadri Kuvempu university, Shankarghatta, Shimoga district, Karnataka, India