oea000000 lte principle fundamental issue 1.01

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LTE System Overview

Copyright © 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page3

Objectives

Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:

Describe LTE development and features

Outline LTE network architecture

Explain LTE key technologies

Describe LTE protocol and channel

Describe LTE deployment


Contents

1. LTE System Overview

2. LTE Key Technologies

3. LTE Protocol and Channels

4. LTE Deployment


Contents




4. LTE Deployment


Contents


1.1 LTE Development

1.2 LTE Network Architecture

1.3 LTE Operating Bands and Channel Bandwidths


3G Long Term Evolution--LTE

Year 2002 20042003 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 or later

3G-WCDMA in R99/R4

HSPA in R5/R6

LTE in R8

GPRS/EDGE

DL: ~384KbpsUL: ~384Kbps

DL: ~14.4MbpsUL: ~5.76Mbps

DL: ~42MbpsUL: ~11Mbps

DL: ~141MbpsUL: ~50Mbps

DL: ~144-360KbpsUL: ~144-360Kbps

HSPA+ in R7/R8~100 ms

~100 ms

~70 ms

~70 ms

~150 ms

~150 ms

~45 ms

~45 ms

~20ms

~20ms

•LTE is the next step in the evolution of 3GPP Radio Interfaces to deliver “Global Mobile Broadband”.


Drivers for LTE There are at least three major key drivers for LTE mobile

broadband networks:

Demand for higher data-rates

increasing device capabilities, growing mobile data consumption

New spectrum allocation

Maintaining operator profitability while continued cost

reduction and competitiveness.


Contents


1.1 LTE Development




LTE Network Architecture E-UTRAN (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access

Network)


LTE/SAE Network Architecture - cont.

SGSN

GPRSGPRS

UMTSUMTS

E-UTRANE-UTRAN

cdma2000cdma2000

MME

HSS PCRF

Serving GW PDN GW

BTS BSC/PCU

NodeB RNC

eNodeB

S2a

S1-U

S6a

Gx

S5/8

Gb

Iu

S1-MMES12

S3

S4S11

SGi

S9S10

User planeControl plane

BTS

Internet

CorporateInternet

Operator ServiceNetwork

EPS (Evolved Packet System)

S6d

PDSNBSC

SAE

A10/A11


Contents


1.1 LTE Development




LTE Operating Bands

LTE supports both FDD mode and TDD mode.

3GPP defines many bands for LTE.


LTE Channel Bandwidths

LTE must support the international wireless market and

regional spectrum regulations and spectrum availability. To

this end the specifications include variable channel

bandwidths selectable from 1.4 to 20 MHz, with subcarrier

spacing of 15 kHz.

Channel bandwidth BWChannel [MHz] 1.4 3 5 10 15 20

Transmission bandwidth

configuration NRB

6 15 25 50 75 100

NRB is the number of resource blocks


Contents




4. LTE Deployment


LTE Key Technologies

OFDMA: Orthogonal frequency division multiple

access

SC-FDMA: Single carrier-frequency division

multiple access

MIMO: Multiple input multiple output

64QAM


Multiple access technology in the downlink: OFDM and OFDMA OFDMA is used as multiple access technology in downlink.

OFDMA is a variant of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), a digital multi-carrier modulation scheme.

OFDM signal represented in frequency and time

…

S u b -c a r r ie rsF F T

T im e

S y m b o ls

5 M H z B a n d w id th

G u a rd I n te rv a ls

…

F r e q u e n c y


Multiple access technology in the downlink: OFDM and OFDMA (cont.) OFMDA incorporates elements of time division multiple

access (TDMA).


Downlink OFDM Implementation

P/SIFFTS/Ps(t)Add

CyclicPrefix

Tx. filter: G T()

Channel: H()

n(t)

S/PFFTP/Sr(t)RemoveCyclicPrefix

Rx. filter: G T()

Transmitter

Receiver

Channel


Downlink OFDM Implementation (cont.)


Multiple access technology in the uplink: SC-FDMA The high peak-to-average ratio (PAR) associated with

OFDM led 3GPP to look for a different transmission scheme for the LTE uplink.

SC-FDMA is used in uplink as multiple access technology.


Comparison of OFDMA and SC-FDMA


Overview of MIMO

MIMO: Multiple Input Multiple Output

Transmitter ReceiverWireless Channel

Wireless Channel

… …

N M

Channel Condition Feedback


What can MIMO provide?

Here is a example for 2*2 MIMO.

Transmitter ReceiverWireless Channel

Wireless Channel

Channel Condition Feedback

Data Stream 1

Data Stream 2


LTE Multiple Antenna Scheme

In downlink LTE can use 2*2 or higher order MIMO to

increase date rate.

In uplink MU-MIMO (multi-user MIMO) can be used to

double uplink capacity.

With MU-MIMO the uplink peak data rate of single user can not

be doubled.


AMC & 64QAM AMC, Adaptive Modulation and Coding

the radio-link data rate is controlled by adjusting the

modulation scheme and/or the channel coding rate

DL/UL modulations: QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM


Contents




4. LTE Deployment


Contents

3. LTE Protocol Stacks and Channels

3.1 LTE Protocol Stacks

3.2 LTE Channels

3.3 LTE Radio Frame


Functional Split between E-UTRAN and EPC

internet

eNB

RB Control

Connection Mobility Cont.

eNB MeasurementConfiguration & Provision

Dynamic Resource Allocation (Scheduler)

PDCP

PHY

MME

S-GW

S1MAC

Inter Cell RRM

Radio Admission Control

RLC

E-UTRAN EPC

RRC

Mobility Anchoring

EPS Bearer Control

Idle State Mobility Handling

NAS Security

P-GW

UE IP address allocation

Packet Filtering


Radio Interface Protocol Architecture


eNB

PHY

UE

PHY

MAC

RLC

MAC

PDCPPDCP

RLC

eNB

PHY

UE

PHY

MAC

RLC

MAC

MME

RLC

NAS NAS

RRC RRC

PDCP PDCP

User-plane protocol stack Control-plane protocol stack

Radio Interface Protocol Architecture (cont.)


LTE Physical Channel DL

Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)

Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH)

Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)

Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator Channel (PHICH)

Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)

Physical Multicast Channel (PMCH)

UL Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)

Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)

Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)


LTE Transport Channel Physical layer transport channels offer information transfer to

medium access control (MAC) and higher layers

DL

Broadcast Channel (BCH)

Downlink Shared Channel (DL-SCH)

Paging Channel (PCH)

Multicast Channel (MCH)

UL

Uplink Shared Channel (UL-SCH)

Random Access Channel (RACH)


LTE Logical Channel Logical channels are offered by the MAC layer

Control Channels: Control-plane information Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH)

Paging Control Channel (PCCH)

Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH)

Multicast Control Channel (MCCH Dedicated Control Channel)

Common Control Channel (CCCH)

Traffic Channels: User-plane information Dedicated Traffic Channel (DTCH): transmission of all uplink

and non-MBMS downlink user data

Multicast Traffic Channel (MTCH): transmission of MBMS services


Channel Mappings


Frame Structure FDD frame structure

TDD frame structure


Resource Grid


Bandwidth Configuration


Contents




4. LTE Deployment


LTE SAE

LTE Network Composition


LTE Network Transport

eNB

SAE GW/PDN GW

FE/GE

IP/Ethernet Network

IP/Ethernet Network

FE/GE

• 100/1000Base-T, RJ45• 100Base-FX/1000Base-X, SM or MM Fiber, SFP-based connector

eNB eNB

eNB

FE/GE FE/GE

FE/GE

eNBLegacy 2G/3G

FE/GE

IPMACPHY

eNB Daisy-chaining with integrated IP switching

Co-transmission with legacy 2G/3G

FE/GE o/e

FE/GE

RNC/BSC

eNB

FE/GE

BTS/Node B

Co-transmission for Multi-mode base station


eNodeB 3900 Series

Modularization

RRU/RFU

BBU

eNB

uniNodeB

1

2

3 Platform

GSM/TD-SCDMA/WCDMA/CDMA/LTE Unified All-IP Base Station Architecture

Modularization

Using BBU plus RRU and RFU leads to a flexible configuration for Distributed and Macro.

Multimode

Modularization Supports Different Modes


Smooth evolution to LTE

Investment protection while evolving from GSM/UMTS to LTE Radio units for GSM/UMTS and LTE are inter-changeable in the same frequency band

Baseband boards in multi-mode BBU are inter-changeable between GSM/UMTS and LTE

LTE Card

LTE (100M/50M)LTE (100M/50M)

Same band Different band

Same band Different band

GSM/HSPA(+)/LTE RRU LTE RRU

GSM/HSPA(+)/LTE RFU LTE RFU

LTE Card

GSM / UMTS / HSPA(14.4M/5.76M) / HSPA+(28M/11.5M)

GSM / UMTS / HSPA(14.4M/5.76M) / HSPA+(28M/11.5M)

BBU

RRU

Cabinet-based Node B

BBU

Software upgrade

Software upgrade

Adding LTE RRU

Adding LTE RFU BBU


Flexible evolution for Cabinet NodeB

GSM

GSM

GSM

GSM&UMTS operator

UMTS roll out will reduce GSM expansion investment at hot spot

Operator issue New business ALL IP service

GSM for Voice

HSPA/LTE for Data network

GSM update/rollout

GSM

GSM

GSM

GSM

GSM

GSM

UMTS/HSPA

rollout

U+H

U+H

U+H

UMTS/HSPA + GSM

U+H

U+H

U+H

U+H

U+H

U+H

LTE

LTE

LTE

UMTS/HSPA + LTE convergence

GSM + LTE Data network convergence

GSM

GSM

GSM

LTE

LTE

LTE

LTE

LTE

LTE

LTE

LTE

LTE

LTE

UMTS&LTE operator

LTE for high speed mobile broadband

Reuse GSM frequency resource for LTE

LTE for mobile broadband

Operator issue New business ALL IP service

GSM

GSM

GSM


Summary Standardization in the form of 3GPP Release 8

Support for both FDD and TDD.

Flexible spectrum allocation (1.4 ~ 20 MHz).

IP-based flat network architecture

Multicarrier-based radio air interface

OFDMA and SC-FDMA

Multi-input multi-output (MIMO)

Adaptive modulation and coding

DL modulations: QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM

UL modulations: QPSK and 16QAM

ARQ within RLC sublayer and Hybrid ARQ within MAC sublayer


LTE Standard Specifications

Freely downloadable from

http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/36_series/

Thank youwww.huawei.com

oea000000 lte principle fundamental issue 1.01

Documents

multiple access technology

lte system overview1

plane protocol stack

downlink ofdm implementation

wireless channel

channel bandwidths

ip service

lte protocol