odisha cyclone

7/27/2019 Odisha Cyclone

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ODISHA CYCLONE

Cyclone is a region of low atmospheric pressure surrounded by highatmospheric pressure resulting in swirling atmospheric disturbance accompanied by

powerful winds blowing in anticlockwise direction in the Northern Hemisphere and in

the clockwise direction in the Southern Hemisphere. They occur mainly in the tropicaland temperate regions of the world.

General Characteristics:

Cyclones in India are moderate in nature. Some of the general characteristics of acyclone are:

1. Strong winds

. !"ceptional rain

#. Storm surge

Cyclones are generally accompanied by strong winds which cause a lot of destruction. In some cases it is accompanied by hea$y downpour and also the rise inthe sea which intrudes inland there by causing floods.

The de$elopment of a cyclone co$ers three stages namely

a) Formation and initial development state: %our atmospheric& oceanic conditionsare necessary for the formation of a cyclone namely:

' ( warm sea temperature in e"cess of ) degree centigrade* to a depth of )+ meters*which pro$ides abundant water $apour in the air by e$aporation.

' High relati$e humidity ,degree to which the air is saturated by water $apor- of theatmosphere to a height of about +++ meters* facilitates condensation of water $apor into droplets and clouds* releases heat energy and induces drop in pressure.

' (tmospheric instability ,an abo$e a$erage decrease of temperature with altitude-encourages considerable $ertical cumulus cloud con$ection when condensation of rising air occurs.

' ( location of at least /0 latitude degrees from the !2uator allow the influence of theforce due to the earth3s rotation ,Coriolis force- to take effect in inducing cyclonicwind circulation around low pressure centers.

b- Fully matured: The main feature of a fully mature tropical cyclone is a spiral pattern of highly turbulent giant cumulus thundercloud bands. These bands spiralinwards and form a dense highly acti$e central cloud core which raps around arelati$ely calm 4one. This is called the eye of a cyclone. The eye looks like a black hole or a dot surrounded by thick clouds. The outer circumference of the thick cloudis called the eye wall.

c- Weakenin or decay: ( tropical cyclone begins to weaken as soon as its source of warm moist air is abruptly cut off. This is possible when the cyclone hits the land* onthe cyclone mo$es to a higher altitude or when there is the interference of another low

pressure. 5epending on their track on the warm tropical sea and pro"imity to land acyclone may last for less than / hours to more than # weeks. 6n an a$erage the life


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cycle of a cyclone ,a cyclone to complete these three stages mentioned abo$e- takessi" days. The longest cyclone is typhoon 7ohn which lasted for #1 days ,(ugust toSeptember* 188/ in the north east and north west pacific basins-.

Cyclones are known by different names in different parts of the world:

' Typhoons in the Northwest 9acific 6cean west of the dateline' Hurricanes in the North (tlantic 6cean* the Northeast 9acific 6cean east of thedateline* or

the South 9acific 6cean.

' Tropical cyclones 0 the Southwest 9acific 6cean and Southeast Indian 6cean.

' Se$ere cyclonic storm ,the North Indian 6cean-

' Tropical cyclone ,the Southwest Indian 6cean-

' ;illie0;illie in (ustralia

' Tornado in South (merica

!ndian Cyclones

Cyclones $ary in fre2uency in $arious parts of the world. The 1).) kilometers longIndian coastline is the earth3s most cyclone battered stretch of the world. (round < per cent of the total land area in India is prone to cyclones. (bout two0third of thecyclones that occur in the Indian coastline occur in the =ay of =engal. The stateswhich are generally affected in the east coast are ;est0=engal* 6rissa* (ndhra9radesh> Tamil Nadu and on the west coast ?u@arat* Aaharashtra* ?oa* Barnataka and

Berala.

Classi"ication o" cyclones:


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History of pre$ious cyclones in India

5e$astating cyclones in 6disha

1888 Cyclone:

1888 cyclone was a super cyclonic storm ,Cat. Hurricane- whichmade its landfall in 6disha on 6ct 0No$ #* 1888. The minimum

pressure recorded was 81 mbar with ma"imum speed recorded #++Bmph , < th oct- and its speed was )+ Bmph at the time of landfallleading to loss of more than 1++++ li$es in the costal areas and a total lossestimated was /. =illion SD. It was the strongest tropical cyclone e$er recorded in Indian 6cean.

( total area of 1* 11*+++ Ha of crops were destroyed* and anadditional 8+ million trees were either uprooted or had snapped.

Cyclone #hailin:

Eery se$ere cyclonic storm ,Cat. Hurricane-

Time of landfall 0 6ct /01/* +1#

Fowest pressure G 8/+ mbar


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Aa". speed recorded 0 )+ Bmph ,11 th oct-

Speed obser$ed at the time of landfall 0 1 Bmph

%atalities 0 /

Foss estimated G )8) Aillion S5 ,)


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Help from !uropean Commission 0 8)* /< euro through ed CrossInternational.

The aid will be utili4ed in pro$iding clothes* shelter* drinking water*and other needed supplies for the affected.

6ther donationsThe 6disha Aining Corporation 0 s. + crore.

Coal India G s. + Crore.

The 6disha Hydro09ower Corporation and 6disha 9ower ?enerationCorporation donated s. one crore each.

Cyclone shelters

Indian Institute of Technology ,IIT-* Bharagpur identified locations withtwo ma@or postulates , . km to get a safe shelter and without crossing anatural =arrier-

#++ kmph and moderate earth2uakes. Its plinth is abo$e High %lood line ,H%F- and standing on a

stilted floor* it can remain unaffected in storm surge up to the

1st floor le$el.Community %ased shelter mana ement

6S5A( 0 8 Aultipurpose Cyclone Shelters. ,# 0 ;orld =ankassistance* )+ 0 Chief Ainister3s elief %und-

/1 0 9rime Ainister3s National elief %und , nder construction-. ) Aultipurpose Cyclone Shelters 0 Indian ed Cross Society*

6rissa Totally 0 +# cyclone shelters are in place in $arious $ulnerable

locations in si" coastal districts of the State.

Community %ased cyclone shelter mana ement and maintenancecommittees C*$$C*)

Chairmanship 0 =56 Community Eolunteer as Secretary

Focal Tahasildar* Aedical 6fficer* 7unior !ngineer of the=lock* e$enue Inspector* Head Aaster of the School* (NA


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and (nganwadi Super$isor are !"06fficio Aembers of theCommittee.

local N?6* SH? and SC ST communities are alsomembers of the Committee.

Aost of the buildings ha$e been constructed in School premises sothat the buildings will be used for School purposes during normaltime.

odisha cyclone

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