Applied Technologies Available for Water & Energy Efficiency

Governor’s Conference on the Future of Water in Kansas

October 25, 2013

Greg Towsley, Director of Regulatory and Technical Affairs

Important Facts

1Tapping unsustainable groundwater stores for agricultural production in the High Plains Aquifer of Kansas, projections to 2110, PNAS 2013 110 (37) E3477-E3486; published ahead of print August 26, 2013, doi:10.1073/pnas.1220351110 2Water and Energy Nexus: A Literature Review, August 2013, Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment and Bill Lane Center for the American West 3Annual Energy Outlook 2013 With Projections to 2040, April 2013, U.S. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy 4Farm and Ranch Irrigation Survey, 2008, USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

69 percent of the High Plains Aquifer will be

depleted within the next 50 years given the current

trends1

1 percent to 2 percent of total U.S. electricity

production is required for groundwater extraction2

Cost of residential electricity is projected to

increase 23% by 20403

Over $29 million is spent in Kansas for pumping of

irrigation water4

What is available now and in the future to handle this issue of the

water-energy nexus?

Efficiency of the pump in the system

• Sizing and Selection

o Optimize for flow profile

o DON’T oversize

• Optimizing pump design

o End gun pump

• FUTURE – minimum efficiency standards

o Department of Energy rule making

http://www.peerlesspump.com/Pumping_Efficiency.pdf

Moving water with renewables

Power options

• DC Power - 110 – 415VDC

• AC Power - 220 – 240VAC

• Portable engine

Applications

• Livestock watering

• Water transfer

• Pressure boosting

• Irrigation

• Center pivot

• Sprinkler

• Rain gun

• Pop-up

• Flood

• Drip

• Mist

Pump controls for optimization

Remote pump plant controls

• One responsible supplier for pumps, controls, and sensors

• Turn pumps on/off remotely

• Variable speed drive to optimize flow and minimize energy consumption

• Multiple pumps

• Operation of chemigation systems – just the right amount to increase productivity and reduce operating costs

Remote monitoring Remote pump plant monitoring

• Remote monitoring using SMS/GPRS (not SCADA systems) and a standard PC with internet access

• Alarm systems for pump failure, power failure and theft/vandalism of pump plant equipment

• Status overview of many pump installations that includes energy consumption

• Cost effective, server-based multi-user system to monitor many devices

Receive alarms

Monitor System

Manage System

Optimize and Report

Pumps and Controls

CIU271

Irrigation Metering

DPS

VFI/VFS

Irrigation Mainline

Master Valve

VFI/VFS RPS

RPS

DPS

Point of Sensor Connection Irrigation

Smart Controller

Data to controller by Wifi or wire

RPS registers and alert pressure changes from leakage or clogging

VFS meters mainline flow and sends water consumption to controller.

Pump

• Moisture Sensor • Rain Sensor • RH Sensor • Temperature

Sensor • Oxygen Sensor • Wifi

Based upon sensor data. Controller meters water consumption and adjust pump to irrigate water volume necessary.

DPS can detect clogging of master valve and thereby its efficiency

DPS can detect clogging of pump and thereby its efficiency VFS meters

flow at sprinkler

Integration of sensors with a “smart” controls

• Meter irrigation water usage

• Adjust irrigation to weather conditions

• Provide alarm notification in case of water leakage or clogging

• Detect efficiency of pump, master valve and sprinklers

Irrigation Scheduling

What is it?

• Process: when to irrigate crops, how much to apply, and where to apply it in order to reach for management goals and objectives

• Goals – maximize…

• Profitability

• Sustainability

• Objectives

• Limit, avoid, or apply stress

• Leach field, prepare for planting, …

Why do it?

• Only 40 to 60% of this water is transpired

• Yield is directly related to transpiration

• Negative effects of over-irrigation

• Salinization

• Ground water pollution

• Declining yield and profit

• Competition for water is increasing

• Profitability is impacted

Concept of the integrated irrigation system

LOCALIZED HARDWARE

Weather stations Moisture sensors Pumping plants Smart meters Flow valves

EXTERNAL DATA

SOURCES Soil maps Weather

networks

IRRIGATION SCHEDULING

TOOLS VRI SIS

Rhodig, L., and Hillyer, C.. 2013. Energy and Water Savings from Optimal Irrigation Management and Precision Application. Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Industry. ACEEE, Niagara Falls, NY.

ONLINE ADVISORY SYSTEMS

Crop type ET Schedules Weather SIS

Other opportunities for optimization outside of irrigation

Development of codes and standards

• Data communication

• Plumbing

• HVAC

• Water reuse

Utility programs

Domestic hot water control

Water utility systems

• Demand driven distribution

• Water reuse

Questions?

Greg Towsley

gtowsley@grundfos.com

Grundfos

17100 W 118th Terrace

Olathe, KS 66061

http://us.grundfos.com/