Oct 26 2001 Peifang Zheng 1

IPNL: A NAT-Extended Internet Architecture

Paul Francis Tahoe Network

Remakrishna Gummadi UC Berkeley

Oct 26 2001 Peifang Zheng 2

About titleSuitable IASuitable IA Improving IPv4’s

scalability size

Keeping its property Long-lived

addresses,Robustness-statelessness, Address independence, Packet hijacking resistance

Extension of NATExtension of NAT Modify only hosts

and NAT boxes

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Answer Question Some extension of NAT

Suitable Internet Architecture

?

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Outline

IPNL basics Key attributes of IPNL Review question Other works Comparison with IPv6 Discussion

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Basic(0)--NAT Network address translation Advantages

Connect private network Isolate private network

Disadvantages Unaddressable hosts

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Basics(1)--conceptsTopologyTopology TerminologiesTerminologies

FQDN, MRIP, RN, EHIP

AddressesAddresses FQDN, IPNL address

Local IP, Global IP(composed of MRIP, RN, EHIP)

IPNL Header next…IPNL Header next…

internal nl-router

Global

private private

frontdoor private

MRIP RN EHIP

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Basics(2)--routing

Local header

(24)

Optional global header

(16)

Optional FQDN header

(variable)

IPNL Header

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Basic(2)--routing Knowledge of IPNL host & routers

HOST:HOST:

(1)FQDN & EHIP

(2)one or more

nl-routers

Internal nl-router:Internal nl-router:

(1)its neighbors

(2)FQDN, IP pair list

(3)Routing information

Frontdoor:Frontdoor:

Entry for all realms behind it

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Example1: Routing by FQDN

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Example2: Routing by IPNL addresses

DestAddress: M3:R6:H3

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Key attributes of IPNL Reuse existing infrastructure Utilize FQDN Extend IP address space

Isolate site addressing Separate local and global header Realm number independence In-flight IPNL address resolution Location

MRIP RN EHIP

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Experiment

Testbed “netperf” benchmark

Result Good! No degradation of throughput at all Latency associated with failure connection

depends on routes refresh frequency

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Testbed

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Review question Maintain characteristics of IPv4

Long-lived addresses Robustness Address independence Packet hijacking resistance

Solve Scalability Address depletion

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Other works AVES

“A waypoint service approach to connect heterogeneous internet address space” by Eugene Ng, Ion Stoica, Hui Zhang (CMU)

TRIAD By D.R. Cheriton, M. Gritter(stanford)

IPv6

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Comparisons with IPv6

IPNL IPNL Completely isolate

sites Less expensive Simpler transition Easier security

administration

IPv6pureIPv6pure Less Header rewriting Simpler auto-address

configuration

Advantages disappear in IPv6on4 env

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Discussions EHIP 4 Byte? Too long header? Complexity analysis of IPNL?

Routing algorithm Experiment convincing? Does IPNL have a bright future? Quality of the paper?