MINE SWEEPERS

Kailash Ambekar

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What is naval mine ?

A naval mine is a self-

contained explosive device placed in

water to damage or destroy

surface ships or submarines.

Unlike depth charges, mines are

deposited and left to wait until they

are triggered by the approach of, or

contact with, an enemy vessel.

Naval mines can be used

offensively—to hamper enemy

shipping movements or lock vessels

into a harbour; or defensively—to

protect friendly vessels and create

"safe" zones

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Classification of Mines

By method of delivery

• Air –delivered mines

• Surface delivered mines

• Submarine delivered mines

By position in the water after delivery

• Moored mines

• Bottom mines

• Drifting mines

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Classification of Mines

By method of activation

• Contact Mines ( usually moored ).

• Influence Mines ( usually bottom ).

• Magnetic .

• Acoustic .

• Pressure .

• Combination .

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Fig : Mine planting process Fig : Types of mine delivery

Fig : parts of contact mine

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• A minesweeper is a small naval warship designed to

engage in minesweeping, the use of various mechanisms

intended to counter the threat posed by naval mines.

Minesweepers keep waterways clear for shipping.

Types of mines sweepers

• Mechanical sweeper

• Magnetic /acoustic sweeper

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History of minesweeper

• Minesweeper are significantly used in World War I.

initially contact mines are used .usually tethered at the

end of a cable just below the surface of water.

• Mechanical sweeps are devices designed to cut the

anchoring cables of moored mines ,and preferably attach

a tag to help the subsequent localization and

neutralization.

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• In WW II minesweeper made significant advancement .

magnetic mines led to the development of wooden hull

non-magnetic sweepers to replace steel hulled

• These craft had plywood hulls, stainless –steel- alloy

engines and metal fitting of aluminium ,brass or

magnesium.

Electrical cables were dragged behind ships that passed

large pulses of current through the seawater called as

“Double-L sweep”.

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Fig :Magnetic sweeping cables Fig :Magnetic mine in action due to

magnetic signature of submarine

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Mine Countermeasures Self –Protection

• Silencing (protection from acoustic mines )

• Degaussing (protection from magnetic mines )

• Steaming slowly ( protecting from pressure mines )

• Clearing/Removing Mines

• Mine sweeping

• cut cable then activate to destroy (moored mines).

• Use acoustic / magnetic noisemakers to activate.

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Indian Mine sweepers

Pondicherry class minesweepers

• Pondicherry class are a class of minesweepers built for the Indian navy by the soviet union .

INS Pondicherry INS porbander

INS Alleppey INS Ratnagiri

INS Kozhikode INS Kokan

Mahe’-class minesweepers

INS Malpe INS Mulki

INS Malvan INS Mangrol

Ham-class minesweepers

INS Bassein HMS Hildersham

INS Bimlipatan HMS Littleham

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Fig : INS Kozhikode ,

Pondicherry –class minesweeper