Objective: Students will describe biotic and abiotic parts of an ecosystem in which organisms interact; and compare these interactions terrestrial ecosystems

P

TEMPERATURE

A biome is a large region with certain climate and specific types of plants and animals adapted to live there. Earth has many different biomes and each has a number of different ecosystems.

Each ecosystem provides the living and nonliving things that allow certain plants and animals to survive.

The living things or The living things or biotic factorsbiotic factors include include plants, animals and microorganisms.plants, animals and microorganisms.

The nonliving or The nonliving or abiotic factorsabiotic factors include include water, temperature, air and soil.water, temperature, air and soil.

1. A 1. A BiomeBiome is is a large region with a large region with a certain climate and specific types of a certain climate and specific types of plants and animals adapted to live thereplants and animals adapted to live there....

1. What is a biome?1. What is a biome?

WORLD BIOMESWORLD BIOMES

TUNDRA

Coniferous Forest

Deciduous Northern Northern Forest Grassland Desert

RAIN FOREST GRASSLAND DESERT

WET DRY

PRECIPITATION

HOT

COLD P

TEMPERATURE

2. In the pyramid above, name the two abiotic factors that are used to classify a biome.

TemperatureTemperature and and PrecipitationPrecipitation

WORLD BIOMESWORLD BIOMES

TUNDRA

Coniferous Forest

Deciduous Northern Northern Forest Grassland Desert

RAIN FOREST GRASSLAND DESERT

WET DRY

PRECIPITATION

HOT

COLD P

TEMPERATURE

3. According to the pyramid, name 3. According to the pyramid, name two biomes that are the driest.two biomes that are the driest.

AnswerAnswer DesertDesert and and Northern DesertNorthern Desert

WORLD BIOMESWORLD BIOMES

TUNDRA

Coniferous Forest

Deciduous Northern Northern Forest Grassland Desert

RAIN FOREST GRASSLAND DESERT

WET DRY

PRECIPITATION

HOT

COLD P

TEMPERATURE

4. How would you classify the abiotic 4. How would you classify the abiotic factors in a tropical rain forest?factors in a tropical rain forest?

AnswerAnswerWet and HotWet and Hot

WORLD BIOMESWORLD BIOMES

TUNDRA

Coniferous Forest

Deciduous Northern Northern Forest Grassland Desert

RAIN FOREST GRASSLAND DESERT

WET DRY

PRECIPITATION

HOT

COLD P

TEMPERATURE

5. Which type of forest has the 5. Which type of forest has the coldest abiotic factor?coldest abiotic factor?

AnswerAnswer

Coniferous ForestConiferous Forest

WORLD BIOMESWORLD BIOMES

TUNDRA

Coniferous Forest

Deciduous Northern Northern Forest Grassland Desert

RAIN FOREST GRASSLAND DESERT

WET DRY

PRECIPITATION

HOT

COLD P

TEMPERATURE

6. How might you describe the 6. How might you describe the abiotic factors in a polar biome?abiotic factors in a polar biome?

AnswerAnswerCold, snowy, icy Cold, snowy, icy

7. Where in the United States would 7. Where in the United States would you find tundra?you find tundra?

AnswerAnswerNorthern AlaskaNorthern Alaska

9. What type of biome is found over 9. What type of biome is found over most of Texas?most of Texas?

AnswerAnswerGrassland with Grassland with

scattered wooded areas.scattered wooded areas.

The abiotic factors (climate) The abiotic factors (climate) determine what types of biotic factors determine what types of biotic factors will survive in that biome.will survive in that biome.

***How do the abiotic factors affect ***How do the abiotic factors affect the biotic factors that live in each the biotic factors that live in each biome?biome?

BIOMES OF NORTH AMERICABIOMES OF NORTH AMERICA

Use the information from the Use the information from the resources provided to complete the resources provided to complete the data table on the back of your data table on the back of your handout.handout.

TundraTundra

The North American tundra is found through out much of Alaska. Tundra is classified as being very cold with little rainfall.

TundraTundra

Tundra soil has permafrost---the soil layer below the surface is always frozen. Because of this, only mosses, lichens, and shallow-rooted grasses and shrubs can grow in the surface soil above the permafrost.

lichen

Caribou, polar bears, ground Caribou, polar bears, ground squirrels, and arctic fox are a few of squirrels, and arctic fox are a few of the animals that live on a tundra.the animals that live on a tundra.

Coniferous ForestConiferous Forest(Taiga)(Taiga)

Located in northern United State and Located in northern United State and mountainous regions, this biome is generally mountainous regions, this biome is generally cold, and receives a lot of rain and snow. Soils cold, and receives a lot of rain and snow. Soils thaw in the summer months and allow for tree thaw in the summer months and allow for tree growth . growth .

Trees are primarily coniferous Trees are primarily coniferous (evergreen) with pine needles that (evergreen) with pine needles that stay on the trees year round.stay on the trees year round.

Moose, wolves, elk, and porcupines live in Moose, wolves, elk, and porcupines live in a coniferous forest (taiga).a coniferous forest (taiga).

Deciduous Deciduous ForestForest

These forests are found through These forests are found through out eastern United States and even out eastern United States and even into parts of Texas.into parts of Texas.

These forests are warm in the summer These forests are warm in the summer and cold in winter. They receive average and cold in winter. They receive average amounts of rainfall that helps support amounts of rainfall that helps support plant growth.plant growth.

Temperate forests have rich soils that Temperate forests have rich soils that support the growth of many species of support the growth of many species of grasses, shrubs and trees ---many of them grasses, shrubs and trees ---many of them deciduous. A deciduous tree has leaves deciduous. A deciduous tree has leaves that change color and fall off before winter.that change color and fall off before winter.

Animals such as black bears, Animals such as black bears, raccoons, squirrels, owls, woodpeckers raccoons, squirrels, owls, woodpeckers and insects live in deciduous forests.and insects live in deciduous forests.

Rain ForestRain Forest

Located in Hawaii, the North American Located in Hawaii, the North American rainforest is known for its consistently high rainforest is known for its consistently high temperatures and a lot of rain. These conditions temperatures and a lot of rain. These conditions allow thick, tall forests to grow, along with the allow thick, tall forests to grow, along with the world’s greatest diversity of plants and animals.world’s greatest diversity of plants and animals.

Many plants, such as orchids, grow on Many plants, such as orchids, grow on tree trunks in tropical rainforests. Soils tree trunks in tropical rainforests. Soils are generally poor and shallow as the are generally poor and shallow as the rains wash the nutrients away. rains wash the nutrients away.

Hundreds of species of birds, bats, Hundreds of species of birds, bats, insects, reptiles, amphibians and insects, reptiles, amphibians and mammals, such as monkeys, find food mammals, such as monkeys, find food and shelter here.and shelter here.

GrasslandGrassland

Located throughout the central part of Located throughout the central part of the United States, the grassland biome is the United States, the grassland biome is fairly dry. fairly dry.

The soils are fertile and that The soils are fertile and that supports grasses and flowering supports grasses and flowering plants. Grazing animals, fires, and plants. Grazing animals, fires, and droughts keep many trees from droughts keep many trees from growing on this biome. growing on this biome.

Bison, antelope, prairie dogs, and Bison, antelope, prairie dogs, and rabbits live in grasslands, where the soil rabbits live in grasslands, where the soil is rich, summers are hot and winters is rich, summers are hot and winters are cold.are cold.

DESERTDESERT

Located in Southwestern United States, this biome Located in Southwestern United States, this biome has areas with high temperatures and very little has areas with high temperatures and very little rainfall and can therefore be classified as hot and rainfall and can therefore be classified as hot and

dry.dry.

Deserts have very little plant life Deserts have very little plant life because the soils are poor. Plants because the soils are poor. Plants include short grasses, sagebrush, include short grasses, sagebrush, creosote bushes, and cacti.creosote bushes, and cacti.

Jackrabbits, reptiles, birds, kangaroo Jackrabbits, reptiles, birds, kangaroo rats and coyotes live in the North rats and coyotes live in the North American desert.American desert.

Name THAT Biome!!!Name THAT Biome!!!

Number your paper 1-13. Number your paper 1-13.

Prepare to write the name of the Prepare to write the name of the biome that matches each question.biome that matches each question.

1.1. Hot and wet best describes Hot and wet best describes

one of the most diverse one of the most diverse biomes in the world.biomes in the world.

Rain ForestRain Forest

1. Tropical, warm and wet best describes one 1. Tropical, warm and wet best describes one of the most diverse biomes in the world. of the most diverse biomes in the world.

2. A windy, partly-dry biome, 2. A windy, partly-dry biome,

with a sea of grass. Deep- with a sea of grass. Deep-

rooted grasses dominate rooted grasses dominate

and there are scattered and there are scattered

trees and shrubs in this trees and shrubs in this

biome.biome.

GrasslandGrassland

2. A windy, partly-dry biome, with a sea of 2. A windy, partly-dry biome, with a sea of grass. Deep-rooted grasses dominate and grass. Deep-rooted grasses dominate and there are scattered trees and shrubs in there are scattered trees and shrubs in this biome.this biome.

3. This biome has areas with 3. This biome has areas with high temperatures and very high temperatures and very little rainfall. The climate is little rainfall. The climate is usually hot and dry.usually hot and dry.

HOT DESERTHOT DESERT

3. This biome has areas with high temperatures 3. This biome has areas with high temperatures and very little rainfall. The climate is and very little rainfall. The climate is

usually hot and dry.usually hot and dry.

4. This biome is a cold, treeless 4. This biome is a cold, treeless

area; it is one of the coldest area; it is one of the coldest

biomes. The biome has very biomes. The biome has very

little precipitation, a short little precipitation, a short

growing season, little plant growing season, little plant

life, and limited animal life. life, and limited animal life.

TundraTundra

4. This biome is a cold, treeless area; it is one of 4. This biome is a cold, treeless area; it is one of the coldest biomes. The biome has very little the coldest biomes. The biome has very little precipitation, a short growing season, little precipitation, a short growing season, little plant life, and limited animal life.plant life, and limited animal life.

5. This biome is generally 5. This biome is generally cold and sometimes snowy cold and sometimes snowy with trees that are primarily with trees that are primarily evergreen (pine). evergreen (pine).

Coniferous ForestConiferous Forest

5. This biome is generally a cold, sometimes 5. This biome is generally a cold, sometimes snow region. Trees are primarily evergreen snow region. Trees are primarily evergreen with pine needles that stay on the trees year with pine needles that stay on the trees year round.round.

6. This biome is generally a 6. This biome is generally a

cool, rainy area; with treescool, rainy area; with trees

that lose their leaves in Fall that lose their leaves in Fall and re-grow them in the and re-grow them in the Spring.Spring.

Deciduous Deciduous ForestForest

6. This biome is generally a cool, rainy area; 6. This biome is generally a cool, rainy area; the biome has trees that lose their leaves the biome has trees that lose their leaves

in Fall and re-grow them in Spring.in Fall and re-grow them in Spring.

7. Which biome do these biotic factors 7. Which biome do these biotic factors

belong to?belong to?

7. TUNDRA7. TUNDRA

8. Which biome do these 8. Which biome do these biotic factors belong biotic factors belong to?to?

8. DESERT8. DESERT

9. Which biome do these biotic factors 9. Which biome do these biotic factors

belong to?belong to?

9. CONIFEROUS FOREST9. CONIFEROUS FOREST

10. Which biome do these biotic 10. Which biome do these biotic

factors belong to?factors belong to?

10. TROPICAL RAINFOREST10. TROPICAL RAINFOREST

11. Which biome do these biotic factors 11. Which biome do these biotic factors

belong to?belong to?

11. DECIDUOUS 11. DECIDUOUS

FORESTFOREST

12. Which biome do these biotic factors 12. Which biome do these biotic factors

belong to?belong to?

12. GRASSLAND12. GRASSLAND

13. 13. What is a biome?What is a biome?

What can you Conclude?What can you Conclude?

1. Give two examples of animals living in a 1. Give two examples of animals living in a tundra biome.tundra biome.

2. What kinds of animals are supported by 2. What kinds of animals are supported by grassland biomes?grassland biomes?

3. What is the difference between a coniferous 3. What is the difference between a coniferous and deciduous forest?and deciduous forest?

4. What kind of adaptations do organisms 4. What kind of adaptations do organisms living in a tundra need to have?living in a tundra need to have?

5. What is a biome? 5. What is a biome?