NSF EARS IGERT & GLEON

Craig Williamson, Miami UniversityFor many others at

Kent State & Miami Universities, Ohio, USA

NSF IGERT Program

National Science Foundation (USA)Integrated Graduate Education and Research

Training

Provide “collaborative research that transcends traditional disciplinary

boundaries…

…to contribute to the development of a diverse, globally-engaged science and engineering

workforce.”

EARS IGERTEnvironmental Aquatic Resource

SensingKent State University – Miami University, Ohio,

USAInclusive, immersive student learning in environmental sensing, where PhD studentsdevelop and apply advanced sensors to understand processes in inland waters.Website: http://bioweb.biology.kent.edu/igert/Home.html

EARS IGERTSome Kent State Core

Faculty:

Laura Leff (PI/PD) - Microbial ecologyDarren Bade – Lake ecosystemsRick Shroath – BusinessQi-Huo Wei – Liquid crystalsChris Woolverton – Microbial biosensorsBob Twieg – Synthetic organic chemistry

… and many others

EARS IGERTMiami University Core Faculty:

Dave Berg – Aquatic ecology, conservationAnnette Bollman - MicrobiologyHailiang Dong - GeomicrobiologyRachael Morgan-Kiss – MicrobiologyJim Oris - EcotoxicologyGil Pacey - IDCAST (commercial sensors)Bill Renwick - Hydrology, sedimentationMike Vanni - Aquatic community ecologyCraig Williamson – Global change limnology

Leland Clark

- “Father of Biosensors” - Antioch College, Yellow Springs, OH

- 1941 B.S. Chemistry graduate- Professor 1944 – 1958

- Developed the first biosensor- detect glucose in the blood

- 1956 Invented Clark Oxygen Electrode- To measure oxygen in blood (for glucose)- Yellow Springs Instruments, Inc.

Source: Heineman & Jensen 2006. Biosensors and Bioelectronics 21:1403.

EARS IGERT Students (Fellows)(24 Fellows over 5 years)

Miami University: Susanna Scott – Abiotic influences on ecosystem function Kevin Rose – Limnology, carbon cycling, materials science and engineering Jeremy Mack – Ecosystem and organism response to global climate change

Kent State University David Davis – Liquid crystals Sarah Hicks – Liquid crystals Jael Egerton – Microbially mediated nitrogen cycling

Joint Fellow Project

Joint Fellow Project & GLEON

Example projects:

Develop and test a new sensor.

Compare different types of oxygen sensors (or other types of sensors) and write a white paper to post on GLEON website.

Write an outreach/opinion paper for publication on need for new sensors in aquatic resource studies.

Write a lesson plan for K-12 and present it at schools.

EARS Lake Metabolism Workshop

Lacawac Sanctuary, NE PA

What does water transparency tell us about

lake metabolism?

Causes and Consequences

UV Transparency: 14 year trends

0

4

8

12

16

1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005

1%

UV

32

0n

m D

ep

th (

m)

Z1% from epilimnetic Kd

July data: Lake Giles, N.E. Pennsylvania, USA

Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) is a Major Regulator of UV Transparency

0

4

8

12

16

0 100 200 300 400 500 600

1%

UV

32

0n

m (

m)

DOC (μM)

Williamson et al. 1996 L&O 41:1024.

100% Increase in DOC in 16 Year Period: Hudson River, NY, USA

Findlay et al. 2005. FEE 3: 133

DOC: 91% increase since 1988 in UK Lakes

Evans et al. 2006 Global Change Biology 12:2044

How did oxygen change since 1990?

0

5

10

15

20

25

0 5 10 15Lake Giles Sept Oxygen 1990 vs. 2009

1990

2009

Lake OesaCanadian Rockies

Changes in UV transparency

1% depth(July 28th both years):

2008 -> 200912 m -> 21 m

Ohio Reservoirs: Acton Lake

Diel Oxygen Patterns in Ohio Reservoirs over 2

days

0

50

100

150

200

250

0:00 6:00 12:00 18:00 0:00

Acton Reservoir Diel DO (%) July 7-8, 2009 at 1m

Mike Vanni & Susanna Scott, Miami University

Fluorescence Index SensorKevin Rose (EARS IGERT)

370 nm excitation filter

Sample

Light detectors

450/500 nm emission filters

Development considerations: - Light source - Filters - Light detectors - electronics control config. - software and interface

Lake Rotorua, NZ

The buoys of GLEON: sensor platforms from around the world

Lake Sunapee, New Hampshire (USA) Yan

g Y

uan

Lake, T

aiwan

Lake Taihu, China

Lake Erken, Sweden

Trout Lake, Wisconsin (USA)

Lake Mendota, (WI, USA)

Lake Paajarvi, Finland