nrl marine meteorology division 2011 65 th interdepartmental hurricane conference new airborne...
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NRL Marine Meteorology DivisionNRL Marine Meteorology Division2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference
New Airborne observing strategy:‘Combo’ deployment of AXBTs and Sondes
Ocean observations in developing and mature TC’s based on a new airborne observing strategy:
'Combo' deployments of AXBT’s and GPS dropsondes from long-endurance, multi-altitude reconnaissance flights
P. G. Black1 and J. D. Hawkins2
1SAIC, Inc./Naval Research Laboratory, Monterey, CA 2Naval Research Laboratory, Monterey, CA
Collaborators: E. D’Asaro & M. Ohmart- U. Washington; P. Harr, A. Penny, C. DePalma, R. Creasey and H. Hornick- NPS; Y. Jin, S. Chen, J. Cummings, S. Wang, J. Solbrig & M. Surrat- NRL; G. Elliott & G. Foley- BoM-Au; M. Kucas, R. Ballucanag, K. Bench & C. Morris- JTWC; P. Niiler- Scripps; J. Kerling- NAVO; Robert Lee- CORLEE, Lld.; LtCol Roy Deatherage, 53rd WRS-AFRC
65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference (IHC)28 February – 3 March, 2011
Miami, Florida
NRL Marine Meteorology DivisionNRL Marine Meteorology Division2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference
New Airborne observing strategy:‘Combo’ deployment of AXBTs and Sondes
Objectives:Objectives: Observe atmosphere and ocean during formation phase of Observe atmosphere and ocean during formation phase of
candidate TCscandidate TCsObserve TC Inner-Core surface wind field and ocean Observe TC Inner-Core surface wind field and ocean
structure, especially during RI/RD. structure, especially during RI/RD. Observe mature phase ‘cold wake’ formation, structure and Observe mature phase ‘cold wake’ formation, structure and
time evolution.time evolution.
Technical Approach:Technical Approach:Design and execute WC-130J aircraft flight plans for optimal Design and execute WC-130J aircraft flight plans for optimal
achievement of ITOP goals.achievement of ITOP goals.Employ two WC-130J aircraft/crews with SFMR, AXBT and Employ two WC-130J aircraft/crews with SFMR, AXBT and
buoy-deployment capability- transmit data in real-time.buoy-deployment capability- transmit data in real-time.Conduct joint flights of 53Conduct joint flights of 53rdrd WRS WC-130J and DOTSTAR WRS WC-130J and DOTSTAR
ASTRA.ASTRA.
NRL Marine Meteorology DivisionNRL Marine Meteorology Division2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference
New Airborne observing strategy:‘Combo’ deployment of AXBTs and Sondes
ITOP DOTSTAR/WC-130J joint observations: Fanapi (2010)
0000 UTC, Sept. 17th 0000 UTC, Sept. 18th
WC-130J
DOTSTAR- ASTRA
ITOP Operations1. Aircraft Module2. Synoptic surveillance module (Taiwan-NTU/ CWB)3. Taiwan moorings (4)4. U. Miami ASIS/EASI moorings (2)5. Satellite image acquisition (NRL)6. SAR image acquisition (U. Miami)7. R/V Revelle + 4 Taiwan research vessels8. Ship-based AUVs (16)
NRL Marine Meteorology DivisionNRL Marine Meteorology Division2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference
New Airborne observing strategy:‘Combo’ deployment of AXBTs and Sondes
.
WC-130J Ocean Sensor Deployments
AXBT/Launcher
Drifters - Floats
MOOS
NRL Mobile Ocean Observing System
NRL Marine Meteorology DivisionNRL Marine Meteorology Division2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference
New Airborne observing strategy:‘Combo’ deployment of AXBTs and Sondes
26C Isotherm Depth, D26
Megi
MalakasFanapiFanapi
ITOP TC tracks and ARGO ocean temperature profiles near point of development showing range of D26 values (Courtesy I-I Lin):
TY Fanapi (70m)TY Malakas (40 m)
STY Megi (120m)
CAT 3CAT 2
CAT5
NRL Marine Meteorology DivisionNRL Marine Meteorology Division2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference
New Airborne observing strategy:‘Combo’ deployment of AXBTs and Sondes
Semi-Diurnal Tide in the Philippine SeaRidges generate internal tideGeometry makes a focus point
9 hr AXBT repeat pattern
Tem
p D
iff
from
Mea
nT
emp
Dif
f fr
om M
ean
ModelKo
70m vertical displacement of 20C isotherm
OBSAXBT
NRL Marine Meteorology DivisionNRL Marine Meteorology Division2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference
New Airborne observing strategy:‘Combo’ deployment of AXBTs and Sondes
14
TC FanapiTC Fanapi
1414
1313
1212
TC FanapiTC Fanapi
1414
1313
1212
1) Slow development overWarm pool-cold eddy
2) Formation overWARM EDDY
Fanapi development modulated by ocean features!
NRL Marine Meteorology DivisionNRL Marine Meteorology Division2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference
New Airborne observing strategy:‘Combo’ deployment of AXBTs and Sondes
Semi-Diurnal Tides
Fanapi 13 SeptWarm/Cold Eddy
Fanapi 14 SeptWarm Eddy
Eddy ocean structure variability greaterthan that from diurnal tides!
ITOP AXBT Data60 m variationin 26oC isotherm
100 m variationin 26oC isotherm
50 m variationin 26oC isothermover 9 hr
NRL Marine Meteorology DivisionNRL Marine Meteorology Division2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference
New Airborne observing strategy:‘Combo’ deployment of AXBTs and Sondes
Surface 12 Sept, 2010
1.Wave growth over deep D26700 MB 12 Sept, 2010
2.Weak wave vertical consistency
Surface 13 Sept, 2010
700 MB 13 Sept, 2010
4.Slow vertical development
5.FANAPI genesis over warm eddy
6.Vertical development established
3.Sfc vortex develops over warm/cold eddies
NRL Marine Meteorology DivisionNRL Marine Meteorology Division2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference
New Airborne observing strategy:‘Combo’ deployment of AXBTs and Sondes
OHC26 KO EASNF 19 Sept Typhoon Fanapi region
25
20
125 130
Major Eddy
Locations
Cold
Warm
A1, A2, A3
moorings
NRL Marine Meteorology DivisionNRL Marine Meteorology Division2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference
New Airborne observing strategy:‘Combo’ deployment of AXBTs and Sondes
AMSR-E Fanapi Cold Wake Monitoring: Typhoon Phase
20 Sept
NRLHawkins
NTULin
Eddies modulatecold wake
19 Sept
NRL Marine Meteorology DivisionNRL Marine Meteorology Division2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference
New Airborne observing strategy:‘Combo’ deployment of AXBTs and Sondes
Jangmi Rapid Intensification/Decay Coincides with passage over warm/cold eddy pair prior to Taiwan landfall
ITOP/TCS10 STY Megi undergoes RI over large D26 and OHC26 region
Similar to TCS08 STY Jangmi RI/RD episode
D26100
m
50 m
Cold Eddy
Warm Eddy
Ed
dy B
ou
nd
ary
Lan
dfa
ll
24 25 26 27 28 29 30Sept, 2008
Vm
ax (
kt)
RDRI
NRL Marine Meteorology DivisionNRL Marine Meteorology Division2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference
New Airborne observing strategy:‘Combo’ deployment of AXBTs and Sondes
Coupled COAMPS-TC continued RI until cold eddy passage and began weakening following passage, prior to landfall.
Uncoupled COAMPS-TC began weakening only after landfall.
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 66 72 78 84 90 96
For ecast hour
J MA J TWC Coupled Uncoupled
Surface Max Winds (m s-1)
25 26 27 28 29
Ed
dy
Lan
dfa
ll
Jangmi TCS08COAMPS-TCCoupled andUncoupled IntensitySimulation
(Courtesy Y. Jin)
NRL Marine Meteorology DivisionNRL Marine Meteorology Division2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference2011 65th Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference
New Airborne observing strategy:‘Combo’ deployment of AXBTs and Sondes
Future Plans
• Develop additional diagnostic analysis tools for TPARC/TCS08 and ITOP/TCS10 aircraft data and companion COAMPS-TC model output fields.
• Develop operational AXBT/Sonde ‘Combo’ TC data archive to assist in initializing and validating coupled TC prediction models
Key Results
• TC formation process modulated by underlying ocean heat content structure
• TC Rapid Intensification/Rapid Decay (RI/RD) cycle strongly modulated by underlying ocean eddy pairs
• Warm and cold eddies modulate cold wake
• Warm and cold eddy pairs contribute to timing of RI/RD