novel ultra -wide band (uwb) antenna with dual band notch ... · n otch at frequency ( 9.2 ghz) is...

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Novel Ultra-Wide Band (UWB)

Antenna with Dual Band Notch

Characteristics for Short Distance

Wireless Telecommunication

Applications

R.Kalyan1 Dr.K.T.V.Reddy2 Dr.K.Padma Priya3

1Research Scholar,

Department of ECE, JNTUA College of

Engineering, JNTUA, Anantapuramu, Andhra

Pradesh, India.

[email protected] 2Director, Pranveer Singh Institute of

Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh,

India. 3Professor, Department of ECE,

JNTUK College of Engineering,

JNTUK, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh,

India.

Abstract

In this paper a novel, simple design, compact size, and low cost ultra- wide band (UWB) circular monopole micro strip patch antenna with dual band notch characteristics is presented. The first notch at WLAN (5.5GHz) frequency is achieved by the Double inverted Balloon shaped slot on the ground plane and the second notch at frequency (9.2GHz) is achieved due to a small slot on the patch. The proposed antenna is designed on FR4 substrate with size in mm. of Length 32, Width 52, and height 1.6. The antenna achieves the operational bandwidth from 3.1GHz to more than 10.6GHz which is

International Journal of Pure and Applied MathematicsVolume 114 No. 12 2017, 437-451ISSN: 1311-8080 (printed version); ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version)url: http://www.ijpam.euSpecial Issue ijpam.eu

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used to increase the data transfer rate for short distance wireless telecommunication applications.

Key Words and Phrases: Ultra-Wide Band, Dual band notch, Double inverted Balloon shape, Circular monopole micro strip patch antenna.

1 Introduction

Ultra-Wide Band micro strip antennas are being more interesting,

attractive & promising wireless topic since Federal communication

commission (FCC) introduced the unlicensed 10-dB band of 7.5 GHz

(3.1 – 10.6 GHz) with an -41.5dBm/MHz effective isotropic radiated

power spectral density as UWB communications is utilized for short

distance wireless telecommunications in 2002 [1]. UWB technology

then became more advanced research topic in short distance wireless

telecommunication technology having the advantage of simplicity,

low spectral power density, less expensive, less power consumption,

less interference, and easy installation with an additional advantage of

faster data transfer rate as compared to other wireless technologies.

Due to this huge demand in the UWB communication system many

UWB antennas have been designed time to time. Beyond the

advantages the UWB antennas have many practical problems in

designing. In designing the antenna practical problems include return

loss, impedance matching, radiation characteristics, interference,

compact size, less manufacturing cost etc. Electromagnetic

interference problems are the serious problems in this communication

because of other existing narrow band services that are present in the

same UWB frequency bandwidth. In the recent years WLAN

(5.5GHz) frequency for many applications, has grown very widely

and is existing in the same UWB frequency band. Also if we are using

this UWB communication in satellite base stations, satellite frequency

(9.2GHz) is also present in the same UWB frequency range. An UWB

antenna with band filtering characteristics are required to mitigate the

potential interferences. It is very much desirable to design the

antennas without external filtering structures to minimize the footprint

of the antenna system, and the cost.

Printed circular monopole antenna designed on the substrate with a

double inverted balloon shaped slot on the ground plane achieves high

International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Special Issue

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band width for ultra-wide band. Many printed antennas are reported

time to time [2]-[5]. Since there are some narrow bands in between

this ultra-wide band which create the interference in UWB we need to

create band notched characteristics. So many Conventional techniques

are already reported to design ultra-wide band antenna with band

notched characteristics. There are papers which have been reported

like etching of different slots on the radiating patch, the ground plane

and on the feed line, using the electromagnetic band gap structures at

the feed line, using the resonators in between the patch and the ground

plane, by adding the additional filters on the patch, use of resonated

cells on the coplanar waveguide, use of tuning stubs, use of folded

stubs, meandering of ground plane and embedment of strip lines [6]-

[12]. Here we are introducing a novel UWB circular monopole micro

strip antenna with dual band notch characteristics which gives a good

results in terms of return loss, VSWR, Radiation pattern, directivity

and Gain. The paper starts with the designing of UWB antenna and

the design is extended to get the first notch and then second notch.

The design is carried out by the structural simulator of high frequency

structural simulator HFSS of ANSOFT Corporation. The results are

validated by using the parametric study. Parametric setup has been

carried out for the variation of the both notches. The details of the

antenna without notches and with notches is given in the following

sections.

2 Antenna Design

In the antenna design first we are investigating the ultra-wide band in

first section and in second section we are finding the notches.

A. UWB circular monopole antenna design

In designing of ultra-wide band antenna a slot on the ground plane

gives good coupling between the patch and the ground plane. So we

have taken a small rectangular slot on the ground plane and for this

slot we have added a circular slots to improve the resonance, the

coupling increases if we add the circle for the slot as well as the band

width is not up to the mark. So we have added another circular shaped

slot to increase the resonance. This cutting of slots increase the

resonance of the patch and ground plane and increase the band width.


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Fig. 1. Geometry of proposed UWB antenna with double inverted

balloon shaped slot on the ground plane and a small rectangular slot

on the radiating patch with band notch characteristics.

The antenna is having the overall dimensions of length 32mm and

width 57mm and height 1.6mm and the substrate used is FR4 epoxy

with the tangent 0.02, relative permittivity 4.4. All the dimensions are

listed in the table below

Variable Length in MM

L 32

W 57

L1 7.5

L2 4

L3 11

L4 5

L5 0.2

W1 3.2

W2 7

W3 3

Table 1. Variable values of the proposed UWB antenna

The design have been started with the single square slot on the ground

plane as shown in figure 2 the return loss for the different lengths is

shown in the figure 2 the variation in length is studied with the

parametric analysis.

The antenna proposed in figure 2 is having a small rectangular slot on

the ground plane which is having the length of S1l of 11mm. the

parametric analysis for the different s1l values have been studied here

in figure 3.


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Fig. 2. Antenna with small rectangular slot on the ground plane

The antenna shown in figure 2 is plotted in the figure 3 the parametric

setup is done for s1l for different lengths of y=10mm, y1=11mm,

y2=13mm, y4=14mm but the UWB is not achieved.

Fig. 3. S11 variation with frequency for different values of s1l with

small rectangular slot on the ground plane

To achieve the UWB the antenna should have the good resonance

between patch and ground plane and the variation of return loss with

S1l is shown in figure 3. There is no any variation in the band width,

so we have etched the two circular slots on the ground plane as shone

in figure3.

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

frequency

s11

return loss vs freqency

y

y1

y2

y3

y4


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Fig. 4. Antenna with small rectangular slot attached with two circles

on the ground plane

The antenna has the attached circles, if we increase the radius r2 of the

slots the antenna return loss variation is shown in the figure 5. The

antenna is not giving the exact results for ultra-wide band. Increase in

the radius of the circle is giving the result as shown in figure 5. The

band width is increased but the resonance is not exactly to get ultra-

wide band the variation of r2 for different values of y=1mm, y1=2mm,

y2=3mm, y3=4mm is shown in figure 5.

Fig. 5. S11 variation with frequency for the small rectangular slot on

the ground plane

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

frequency

s11


y

y1

y2

y3


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To increase the band width another two circular slots is etched on the

ground plane and it is named as dual inverted balloon shaped slot on

the ground plane as shown in figure 6. The radius of the circles is

represented as r3

Fig. 6. Antenna with double inverted balloon shaped slot on the

ground plane

The antenna is achieving a good resonance when we are using the

double inverted baloon shaped slot on the ground plane. Where as the

antenna is also getting a band notched characteristics without any

Fig. 7. S11 variation with frequency for the inverted balloon shaped

slot on the ground plane

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

frequency

s11


y

y1

y2

y3

y4

y5


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external filters and any other slots on the ground plane, this is novel

technique where we are achieing the notch as well as the UWB both

with this inverted baloon shaped slot. And the variation of different

values of r3 in terms of y=6mm, y1=6.2mm, y2=6.4mm, y3=6.6mm,

y4=6.8mm, y5=7mm is shown in figure 7. For different values of r3 in

terms of y shows that the y5 which is 7mm gives a good result of this

antenna to achieve ultra wide band and the notch at WLAN (5.5GHz).

B. UWB circular monopole antenna with band notched

characteristics

The band notched characteristics is achieved due to dual inverted

balloon shaped slot on the ground plane gives one notch at WLAN

(5.5GHz) frequency. And another slot etched on the radiating patch

near the feed line to get the notch at satellite frequency (8.7 GHz).

And the antenna is shown in the figure1.

3 Experimental Results

Antenna as shown in the figure1 gives good UWB and the notched

characteristics. Results and discussion is shown in this section

3.1 Return loss (S11) variation with frequency

The variation of the return loss with frequency is shown in the figure

8. Which is representing that the proposed antenna is having the

bandwidth from 3.1 to 118GHz which is below -10dB generating the

UWB. The notches are also represented in the figure.

Fig. 8. S11 variation with frequency for the proposed ultra-wide band

antenna with dual band notched characteristics

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

frequency

s11


y


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3.2 Voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) variation with

frequency

The proposed antenna with variation of VSWR with respect to

frequency is shown in the figure 9 which is representing that the

antenna has VSWR below 2dB for UWB range excluding the two

notched bands.

Fig. 9. VSWR variation with frequency for the proposed ultra-wide

band antenna with dual band notched characteristics

3.3 Gain of the antenna

The proposed antenna with the variation of the gain with frequency is

shown in figure 10. Which shows the gain value is above 0dB over the

UWB range and at the two notches the gain is below 0dB which

Fig. 10. Gain variation with frequency for the proposed ultra-wide


2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 121

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

5

5.5

frequency

vsw

r

vswr vs freqency

y

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

8

frequency

gain

gain vs freqency

y


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represents that the antenna is rejecting the particular frequencies. And

the overall gain is approximately 3dB and the peak gain is at 6.6GHz

with 6.6dB.

3.4 Impedance

The proposed antenna is given with an impedance of 50 ohm. the

figure 11 represent the variation of impedance with frequency, which

is having the approximate value over UWB region and the maximum

impedance at the notched bands.

Fig. 11. Impedance vs frequency for the proposed ultra-wide band

antenna with dual band notched characteristics

3.5 Radiation pattern of the antenna

Fig. 12. Two dimensional radiation pattern of the proposed ultra-wide


2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 120

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

frequency

rez

impedence vs freqency

y


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Fig. 13. Three Dimensional radiation pattern of the proposed ultra-

wide band antenna with dual band notched characteristics

3.3 Fields of the antenna

The E and H fields of the proposed antenna is plotted for patch and the

ground plane in figure14.

Fig. 14. E-Field overlay of proposed ultra-wide band antenna with

dual band notched characteristics

Fig. 15. H-Field overlay of proposed ultra-wide band antenna with

dual band notched characteristics


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4 Conclusion

A circular monopole ultra-wide band micro strip antenna with double

inverted balloon shaped patch on ground plane has been presented.

The antenna gives a good bandwidth of 3.1 to 11.8GHz. Which can be

used for ultra-wide band applications. A balloon shaped slot is etched

on the ground plane to get the good resonance between radiating patch

and ground plane. Also the notch is present due to the slot on the

ground plane. For another notch there is a small rectangular slot on the

patch. So this antenna achieves an ultra-wide band bandwidth and two

narrow band rejections. This antenna can be excellent for ultra-wide

band applications like satellite base stations, submarines and the high

data transfer applications in medical field.

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