notes matter
TRANSCRIPT
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8/6/2019 Notes Matter
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Science Module Form 1 Chapter 3
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CHAPTER 3: MATTER
Properties Solid Liquid GasArrangement of
particles
Closely packed Further apart Very far apart
Distancebetweenparticles
Very little spacebetween the
particles
More spacebetween the
particles
A lot of spacebetween the
particlesMovement of
particlesVibrate about afixed position
Move randomlyand freely
Move randomly,freely and
faster in anydirection.
Volume Definite Definite IndefiniteLevel of energy Low Medium High
Attractive forcebetweenparticles
Strong Weak Very weak
Ability to becompressed
Cannot Cannot Can
All living things can be divided into matterand non-matter.Matteris anything that has mass and occupies space.
For examples : book, air, soil and animals.Examples ofnon-matterare light, sound, heat and electricity.Matter can exist in three different states:
SolidLiquidGas.
Solids rice, sugar, salt, coins, stones, sand and steelLiquids cooking oil, kerosene, lubricant and alcoholGases air, cooking gas and water vapour
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Science Module Form 1 Chapter 3
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Matter Has Mass and Occupies Space
To Show Air Has Mass
Two balloon are filled with air and arebalanced onto a wooden rod.
The balloon that was poked with a pinhas become lighter than the otherballoon.
To Show Air Occupies Space
When the water level in the flask rises, the ballooninflates.
The water that enters the flask takes up the space ofair in the flask.
The displaced air then, enters the balloon. Thiscauses the balloon to inflate.
To Show Water Has Mass
The mass of water can be measured byusing lever balance.
To Show Water Occupies Space
Water fills the space in the beaker.
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Science Module Form 1 Chapter 3
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The Concept of Density
Material Density ( g/cm3 )
Cork 0.25
Wood 0.7
Ice 0.92
Wax 0.95
Sand 1.6
Glass 2.5
Aluminium 2.6
Iron 7.9
Copper 8.9
Lead 11.4
Uranium 19.0
Material Density ( g/cm3 )
Alcohol 0.8
Petrol 0.8
Olive oil 0.9
Water 1.0
Sea water 1.03
Dead sea brine 1.8
Material Density ( g/cm3
)
Hydrogen 0.001
Air 0.0013
Oxygen 0.001
Carbon dioxide 0.002
Definition
Density of an object is mass per unit volume of that object.Density = Mass
VolumeSI unit = kg/ m31 g/cm
3= 1 000 kg/m
3
Gas
Example of densities of some common materials
Liquid
Solid
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Science Module Form 1 Chapter 3
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The density of regular shaped objects
The diagram shows block A with mass 5.0 kg. What is thedensity of block A?
Density = Mass / Volume= 5.0 kg
(0.1m x 0.1m x 0.2 m)= 5.0 kg
0.002 m3
= 2500kg/m3
The density of irregular shaped objects
Mass of stone = 50gWhat is the density of the stone?
Density = Mass / Volume
= 50g(40-20 cm3)
= 50 g20 cm3
= 2.5g/cm3
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8/6/2019 Notes Matter
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Science Module Form 1 Chapter 3
My Blog : http://jomscorescience.blogspot Email :[email protected]
Application
Hot air Balloon
Buoy
Submarine
Transport timber
Floats
Ships and boats
Floating and Sinking
Different objects have differentdensities.A solid floats on a liquid if it is lessdense than the liquid.
A solid sinks in a liquid if it isdenserthan the liquid.The less dense liquids will float ondenserliquids
Cork(0.25gcm-3
)Petrol(0.7gcm
-3)
Wood (0.91gcm-3)
Water(1.0 gcm
-3)
Lead (11.4 gcm-3)
Mercury(13.6 gcm
-3)