note: recognizing the shortcomings of powerpoint, this presentation was created as an interactive...
TRANSCRIPT
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• Note: Recognizing the shortcomings of Powerpoint, this presentation was created as an interactive session. The slides posted here provide a rough outline of the topics discussed in this session. For more information please contact the authors.
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Karma or Pushback: using network theory to explore
interactions and collaboration in the virtual
classroom
Cyprien Lomas
Ulrich Rauch
University of British Columbia
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Interactive Moment #1
– Let’s define Karma. Take 2 minutes to discuss what Karma means to you.
– Is there consensus in the room?
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• karma
• ['kɑːmə] noun
• (Hinduism) (Buddhism)
• the principle of retributive justice determining a person's state of life and the state of his reincarnations But also:
• Karma means intention or cause.By the will of the individual, the re-action or effect can itself also influence an action
• (not cause and effect!!)
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Pushback
Stimulus <> Response:
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Interactive Moment #2
• Lets explore what we mean by the term ‘ecosystem’.
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What is an ecosystem?
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Because we are interested in the ecology of learning networks, we need to talk about Social Systems
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Science and Social Science have different approaches to Systems Theory
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A quick discourse on objects (in a system)
• notion of self referential vs. self organising:
• self-organisation: self-organisation of a structure
• self-reference: units that constitute a layer within a structure
• objects in an ecosystem have autonomy and are consequently creative and unpredictable, whereas programmed systems have no autonomy, but are reliable and predictable.
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Baran’s Networks
Source: Barabasi, Linked
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Networks are everywhere….
• Biological Systems
• Social Systems
• Musing: what are the similarities between a network and an ecological system?
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Classic food web
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Networks are everywhere….
How does an ecologist make predictions?
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Interactive Moment #3
• Using the paper in front of you, draw a line from yourself to the two people you know best at your table.
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Source: Barabasi, Linked
On Powerlaws …
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Example: Blogs
What is one?
What are some features?
In addition to content, they are ‘linking machines’.
Blogroll promote uniformity
(no diversity of opinions)
A Soap box
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Powerlaws: An underlying principle of self- organisation?
• Examples?– blogging– In the Classroom
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Mapping the Classroom:
Let's look at the tired transformation:
“Sage on the stage to guide on the side”
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• Topology Switch
• Performance vs. engagement
• Interaction potential between ”nodes””
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Problem:
• CMS Discussion boards: decontextualised
• Blog is on the opposite end of the semantic spectrum: too individualised meaning, too often linked to people with the exact same opinions (strong ties - you read people with same opinions - not enough differentiation - no system development).
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Interaction 4
Tell two people what you think this session is all about. Explain (and discuss) it without diagrams or referring to these slides.
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Conditions for a collaborative
learning environment: We want to create a classroom environment that
escapes the "natural laws"
We need to be careful about invoking a parallel between a learning environment and an ecology – To keep Powerlaws from actively forming hubs
and gatekeepers in a P2P environment there has to be a benefit for powerful hubs to connect to those less well connected nodes
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– Marginalised voices (weak ties, nodes with few links) need to be supported or else will get caught up in connecting to a "hub", reproducing the power structures we wish to control and eliminate
– We need to use technology (and education) to counter the specific characteristics of power laws that we identify as informing the organising principle of self-organising systems.
– Diversity
– The notion of autonomous learning groups needs to be strengthened by the simultaneous articulation of support structures that stabilise the system equal weighing interacting nodes
– Technology has allowed us to identify and visualise power laws
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In the end we suggest that the master's tools will be capable of dismantling the master's house.