NON-FICTION REVIEW SLIDES

AUTHOR’S PURPOSEThe reason the author wrote a text.

The three MAJOR purposes are remembered by the acronym PIE. Below each purpose are other ways this purpose might be said.

Persuade Inform Entertain

-to convince-to urge-to change someone’s mind

-to teach-to report-to give information

-for enjoyment-to delight-for fun-for entertainment

SELF-CHECK 1 Read the following sentences and tell me if the

author’s purpose was to P, to I, or to E.

1. Global Warming is a huge problem that everyone should be concerned about. Do your part. Drive less. Walk more.

2. We are never ever ever getting back together/ We are never ever ever getting back together/ You go talk to your friends, talk to my friends, talk to me…

3. The president of the United States makes 250,000/year. He is in charge of running the military and helping pass new laws that will help the country.

READER’S PURPOSE The reason a reader would read a text. It usually goes with the author’s purpose

Author’s Purpose Reader’s PurposePersuade (convince) To make a decision. To

decide if he/she agrees with.

Inform (teach) To get news. To learn. To be informed.

Entertain For fun. To be entertained. To enjoy one’s self.

SELF CHECK 2 What would be the reader’s purpose for the

following texts?Text Reader’s PurposeA newspaper article about a burglary

A. To be persuaded to lock your doors.

B. To get information about a criminal on the loose.

A speech from someone running for president

A. To decide on who you want to vote for

B. To be informed about the country’s issues

A comic strip in the newspaper

A. To get news about Charlie Brown

B. To enjoy yourself

INFORMATIONAL TEXT FEATURES Stuff in an informational text that helps the

person reading it learn things from the text better.

DO YOU KNOW ALL OF THESE TERMS? Bold, colored, or italic text Pictures, illustrations, graphs, charts, timelines Glossaries, Tables of Contents, Indexes Sidebars, footnotes Magnifications, cross-sections

SELF CHECK 3

If I want to see the order of events for World War II, I should look at a ___________________.

Important words in my text are probably in ____________________________________________.

If I’m stumped on a question, I should scan the __________________ to find the section of the book that I should re-read.

Little numbers above my words mean I should look down at the ______________________.

TONE The author’s attitude toward his/her topic

I think its easiest if you decide on what the author’s topic is FIRST, then look at the words the author uses to talk about that topic.

Example:

Though very large, elephants are friendly, intelligent creatures.

TOPIC: ElephantsWords he describes elephants with: friendly, intelligentTONE: Positive, kind, supportive

TONE TIP!!! Think about the TONE OF VOICE the person

would have if they were saying this to you out loud.

My precious wittle puppy doggy is so adorable. This person’s voice (tone) would sound

ADORING, CARING, etc. This stupid stinkin homework is hard!

This person’s voice (tone) would sound ANGRY, ANNOYED, etc.

SELF CHECK 4Decide on the best tone word for each.

1. Smoking is a nasty habit that can destroy your health. Topic:_______TONE: A. Vengeful B. Disapproving

2. My new shoes were janky. The laces tore in ½ and the rubber started coming off after a week!Topic: _______ TONE: A. Excited B. Disappointed

3. I cannot wait to get my learner’s permit. It is going to be awesome!!Topic: _______ TONE: A. Excited B. Hopeful

MOOD The emotion the author wants the reader to

have as he/she reads

Look at the setting!! A story in a scary house has a different mood than one that takes place at King’s Island!

Look at the connotation of the words!! Positive words = a positive mood. Negative words = a negative mood.

EXAMPLE The plane was hovering over the earth 3000 feet

in the air. It sliced through clouds and soared above the birds. The main door opened and a big gust of wind whoooooshed in. I gripped the backpack with my parachute tightly and felt the butterflies in my tummy doing cartwheels. I stepped out into the sky and dropped. I’ve never felt that kind of rush in my life.

The pink words in this passage are part of the setting. The words sound exciting, exhilarating, adventurous, so exciting, exhilarating, or adventurous would be good tone words.

SELF CHECK 5*Choose the best mood word:1. I could hear the soft click-click-click of keys and

low, word-less music playing in the background of the coffee shop, but nothing else. People sat comfortably in overstuffed chairs, relaxed, as soft afternoon sunlight moseyed in. A. Exciting B. Boring C. Mellow

2. The loud band banged on their instruments as the crowd slammed into one another, their hands raised and faces read from screaming the words to their favorite songs. A. Energized B. Relaxed C. Scary

TOPIC, MAIN IDEA, & SUPPORTING DETAILS Topic—The most general (not specific) term

of the 3. The “big” idea. Can usually be found in the title or the TOPIC SENTENCE.

Main Idea—A statement that explains the central “point,” or message, that the author was trying to get across. This is neither general or specific; it must be a combination of both.

Supporting Details—Little statements or facts in a text. These are very specific.

SELF CHECK 6 Match:

Terms: Examples: A. Topic 1. Labradors can be

relied on to help people withhealth conditions.

B. Main Idea 2. Dogs are very loyal, intelligent creatures that

make great pets. C. Supporting Details 3. Dogs

SELF CHECK 7 Term Example

A. Topic 1. Students can access Facebook, Youtube, andother social sites.

B. Main Idea 2. Cell phones in schools

C. Supporting Details 3. Allowing cell phones in schools is a poor idea because they will cause distractions and reduce learning.

SELF CHECK 8 Read the following paragraph & choose the

correct main idea.

Schools should incorporate more real-life learning for students. Upon their eighteenth birthdays, students will probably become responsible for themselves. Cooking, cleaning, bill-paying, and gaining a job will all become their top priorities. Unfortunately, not all students have someone at home who is available to teach them these skills. Thus, the school should step in and help all students be better prepared for their adult lives.

CONTINUED FROM SELF-CHECK 8Choose the best main idea for the paragraph on the previous slide.

A. On their 18th birthdays, students will become responsible for themselves.

B. Students do not need to learn real life skills in school because they can learn that at home.

C. Because not all students have help and they will all eventually need the skills, students should learn real-life skills in school.

D. It is a good idea to teach kids how to do laundry, cook, drive, find an apartment, get a job, drive, and a lot of other really important life skills.

CONNOTATION The feeling associated with a word.

Can be positive, negative, or neutral

Helps a reader figure out how an author feels about what he/she is writing about.

Example:

Mom, your turkey is disgusting!Mom, your turkey is not my favorite.

*Both of the underlined options have a negative connotation. Sometimes, you just have to look at the situation and decide which TONE you want to go for. How would you want to talk to YOUR mom? FYI: The second option is probably the better one

SELF CHECK 9 Connotation is

______________________________________________________________________________

SELF CHECK 10 Choose the sentence you think the person should say

for each question below.

1. A. I said to my sister, “that shirt doesn’t look good on you.” B. I said to my sister, “that shirt isn’t very flattering on you.”

2. A. “I slammed on the brakes to save a dog, officer.” B. “Officer, I stopped abruptly in order to save a

dog.” 3. A. “You’re unique,” I said to the new girl. B. “You’re abnormal,” I said to the new girl.

FACTS & OPINIONS Facts- Can be proven

Examples: There are 50 states in the U.S. This chocolate cake has 190 calories a slice. My car is 13 years old.

Opinions- Someone’s beliefs Examples:

The United States is the strongest nation in the world. Chocolate cake is bad for you. This ugly car is 13 years old.

You should support your own opinions with facts!

SELF CHECK 11Write an F if the statement is a fact and an O if it is an opinion.

1. It is difficult to be the principal of a school. 2. Mr. Swanson is the principal of Warder Park. 3. Some studies show that watching TV too closely

is bad for your eyes. 4. Kids shouldn’t watch too much TV; it shows bad

stuff. 5. The iPod was a unique invention created by

Apple. 6. Steve Jobs was an innovative business man who

tragically passed away.