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SPANISH 1 SEMESTER REVIEW

p. 11 Nouns

Nouns refer to people, animals, places, things, and ideas. In Spanish, Nouns have a ____________________. They are

either ____________________________ or _____________________________.

Most nouns that end in -__________ are masculine.

Most nouns that end in -__________ are feminine.

Masculine Feminine

el libro la carpeta

el bolígrafo la hoja de papel

The definite articles el and la also point out if a word is masculine or feminine. They both mean “____________”.

Spanish nouns that end in -_________ or a _____________________ MUST BE LEARNED as masculine or feminine. You should practice them with their definite articles, el or la.

Masculine Feminine

el profesor la noche

el lápiz la conversación

Práctica:

1. _______ pierna

2. _______ nariz**

3. _______ cuaderno

4. _______ hora

5. _______ pupitre

6. _______ pie

7. _______ profesora

8. _______ estudiante**

p. 32 Infinitives

Más práctica:

1. _______ bolígrafo

2. _______ Señor

3. _______ noche

4. _______ sala de clases

5. _______ profesor

6. _______ libro

7. _______ lápiz

8. _______ mano**


Verbs are words that are most often used to name _________________. Verbs in English have different

forms depending on _______________ is doing the action or ______________ the action is occurring:

I walk, she walks, we walked, etc.

The most basic form of a verb is called ____________________________. In English, you can spot

infinitives because they usually have the word “_______” in front of them:

to swim, to read, to write

Infinitives in Spanish, though, ____________ have a separate word like “to” in front of them. Spanish

infinitives are only _____________ word, and always end in -ar, -er, or -ir:

nadar, leer, escribir

p. 32: Actividad 9 ¿Cuál es?

Given are three columns with the headings -ar, -er, and -ir. Look at the pictures of activities found on p. 32

of your textbook. Write the infinitive for each activity under the corresponding head.

-ar -er ir

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

p. 34 Exploración del lenguajeCognates

Words that look alike and have similar meanings in English and Spanish are called cognates (cognados). Here are examples from this chapter:

Spanish Englishpopular popularusar to use


guitarra guitarcomputadora computer

Try it out! Look at your vocabulary list and make a list of seven cognates below.

Spanish English1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

*Strategy: Recognizing cognatesBecoming skilled at recognizing cognates will help you understand what you read and will increase your vocabulary.

p. 38 Expressing agreement or disagreementTo agree with what a person likes, you use “ _____________________________.”

It’s like saying “_________________________” in English.

Me gusta pasar tiempo con amigos. I like to spend time with friends.A mí también. Me too.

If someone tells you that he or she dislikes something, you can agree by saying “___________________.” It’s like saying “_____________________” or “_________________________” in English.

No me gusta nada cantar. I don’t like to sing at all.A mí tampoco. Me neither.

p. 36 Negativos

*To make a sentence negative in Spanish, you usually put __________ in front of the verb or expression.

In English you usually use the word “________.”

_____ me gusta cantar. I do _______ like to sing.


*To answer a question negatively in Spanish you often use no _______________. The first no __________________ the question. The second no says, “_____________...(___________).” This is

similar to the way you answer a question in English.

¿Te gusta escribir cuentos? Do you like to write stories?_______, _______ me gusta. _______, ________________.

*In Spanish, you might use one or more negatives after answering “no.”

¿Te gusta cantar? Do you like to sing?_______, _______ me gusta _________. _______, I ___________ like it _____________.

*If you want to say that you do not like either of two choices, use ni . . . ni:

_____ me gusta ______ nadar _______ dibujar. I _______ like ____________ swimming ______ drawing.

I like ____________ swimming ______ drawing.

Resumen (Summary)Palabras negativas:

1.

2.

3.

4

p. 60 Definite and indefinite articles

*__________ and _________ are called _____________________ _____________________ and are the equivalent of

“the” in English. El is used with _______________________ nouns; la is used with _____________________ nouns.

You’ve already seen words with definite articles:

el libro the book la carpeta the folder

*__________ and __________ are called __________________ _______________________ and are equivalent of “a”

and “an” in English. Un is used _______________________ nouns; una is used with _____________________ nouns:

¿Recuerdas?

Did you remember that nada has another meaning?

• “¿Qué pasa?” “Nada.”

In this case, nada means “nothing.”


un libro a book una carpeta a folder

* Strategy - Learning by repetitionWhen you learn a new noun, say it aloud, along with its definite article, as often as you get a chance. Eventually, you will

find that words just “________________ _________________” with the correct definite article and you will know whether

nouns are masculine or feminine.

Word order: Placement of adjectivesIn Spanish, adjectives usually come __________________ the noun they describe. Notice how artística follows chica in the Spanish sentence.

Margarita es una chica artística. Margarita is an artistic girl.

Did you notice that in the English sentence the adjective comes __________________________ the noun?

Here’s a simple pattern you can follow when writing a sentence in Spanish.

Subject Verb Indefinite Article + Noun Adjective

¿Recuerdas?To make a sentence negativeyou place the word ___________ before the verb.

•Eduardo no es un chico serio.

•No me gusta jugar videojuegos.

p. 62 Actividad 19Frases desordenadas

Modelo: Perezoso Antonio es chico unAntonio es un chico perezoso.

1. artística es una chica Marina ___________________________________________________________2. es un Tito perezoso chico ___________________________________________________________3. deportista chica una es Paquita ___________________________________________________________4. Marcos chico un es reservado no ___________________________________________________________5. chico no Rafael es estudioso un ___________________________________________________________6. no una Teresa chica es inteligente ___________________________________________________________

Margarita

Pablo

La Sra. Ortiz

Yo

Tú

es

es

es

soy

eres

una chica

un estudiante

una profesora

una estudiante

un chico

muy artística.

inteligente.

muy buena.

estudiosa.

atrevido.


p. 82 Subject Pronouns

The subject of a sentence tells ______________________________________________________________. You ofthen use people’s names as the subject:

Gregorio escucha música. Gregory listens to music.Ana canta y baila. Ana sings and dances.

You also use subject pronouns ( _______, _______, _______, _______, _______, ________) to tell who is doing an action.

The subject pronouns ____________________ people’s names.

Él escucha música. He listens to music. Ella canta y baila. She sings and dances.

Here are the subject pronouns in Spanish: (un poco diferente del libro)Fill in the English subject pronouns:

yo ____________

nosotros, -as ________________________

tú ____________

vosotros, -as _____you all__(y’all)_______

él ____________ella ____________Usted (Ud.) ____________

ellos ________________________ellas ________________________Ustedes (Uds.) _____you guys __________

*Tú, usted, ustedes, and vosotros,-as all mean “_______________.”

o Use _______________ with family, friends, people your age or younger, and anyone you call by his or her first name.

o Use _______________ with adults you address with a title, such as señor, señora, professor(a), etc.

______________ is usually written as _______________.

o In Latin America, use ________________________ when speaking to two or more people, regardless of age.

o In Spain, use _____________________________ when speaking to two or more people you call tú individually:

______________ + ______________ = ___________________________

Use ______________________ when talking to two or more people you call usted individually.

______________ + ______________ = ____________________________ (not in book)

If a group is made up of males only or of both males and females together, use the ____________________ forms:*nosotros, vosotros, ellos

Ejemplos: Mario y Tomás = ellos *Ejemplos not in book Tomás y Mónica = ellos

Tomás, Paula y yo = nosotros


Tomás, Paula, y tú = vosotros

If a group is all females, use the _________________________ forms:*nostoras, vosotras, ellas

Ejemplos: Mónica y Paula = ellas *Ejemplos not in book Mónica, Paula, y yo (female) = nosotras Mónica, Paula, y tú (female) = vosotras

You can combine a subject pronoun and a name to form a ____________________. (Subject pronoun + Name = subject.) Alejandro y yo = nosotros Pepe y tú = ustedes / vosotros

Carlos y ella = ellos Lola y ella = ellas

Práctica:How would you talk about the following people? Write the correct subject pronoun next to their names. Follow the model:

Modelo: Paco ____él_____1. María = _______________ 6. Tú y yo = _____________________________________

2. Andrés y Rafael = _________________ 7. Marta y yo (female) = ___________________________

3. Paco = _________________ 8. Paco, Marta, y Pamela = _________________________

4. Mamá = _________________ 9. Las chicas y Rico = _____________________________

5. Pamela y Marta = __________________ 10. Teresa y tú = __________________________________

p. 84 Present tense of -ar verbs You already know that the infinitive forms of Spanish verbs always end in:

-____________, -___________, or -____________.

The largest group of verbs end in -____________. Hablar is one of these -ar verbs. You will want to use verbs in ways other than in the infinitive form. To do this, you will drop the -ar ending and make changes. To create the forms of most -ar verbs, you first drop the -ar from the infinitive, leaving the stem:

Hablar ___________________

Then you add the verb endings to the stem:

-_____________, -________________, -_____________, -________________, -______________, -______________

Here are the forms of hablar:

yo habl_______ nosotros,-as habl____________


tú habl_______ vosotros,-as habl____________

él

ella habl_______

Ud.

ellos

ellas habl____________

Uds.

In Spanish, the present tense form of a verb can be translated into English in __________ ways.

Hablo español 1. I speak Spanish2. I am speaking Spanish

The verb endings always indicate _____________ is doing the action. In this case, they tell who is speaking. Because of this, you can often use the verb without a subject:

Hablo inglés. _________ speak English.

¿Hablas español? Do ___________ speak Spanish?

*Subject pronouns (yo, tú, él, ella, Ud., nosotros-as, vosotros-as, ellos, ellas, Uds.) are are often used for

________________________ or ________________________.

Ella habla inglés pero él habla español. = Habla inglés pero habla español. * we are emphasizing who speaks English and * we do not know who speaks English and who speaks Spanish. who speaks Spanish.)Write the English subject pronoun in the space available. (This section not found in the book.)

Single person Multiple peopleSpanish subject Ending English subject pronoun pronoun

Spanish subject Ending English subject pronoun pronoun

yo -o __________ nosotros,-as -amos ________________

tú -as __________ vosotros,-as -áis ________________

él __________

ella -a __________

Ud. __________

ellos ________________

ellas -an ________________

Uds. ________________

Práctica: There are eight verbs given below. If the ending tells you that there is one person performing the action, write S (single) in the space available. If the ending tells you more than one person is doing something, write M (multiple) in the space available.


1. hablas _______ 5. trabajo _______

2. estudian _______ 6. necesitamos _______

3. practico _______ 7. cantáis _______

4. bailamos _______ 8. dibujan _______

Repaso (Review):

I. Matching:

1. _______ I sing. a. Él baila. 2. _______ You guys listen. b. Ellos esquian. 3. _______ They (f.) study. c. Nosotros practicamos.4. _______ We practice. d. Yo canto.5. _______ He dances. e. Tú tocas. 6. _______ You all work. f. Nosotras nadamos. 7. _______ You play (an instrument). g. Ella dibuja. 8. _______ We all (f.) swim. h. Ustedes escuchan. 9. _______ They (m.) ski. i. Ustedes trabajan. 10. _______ She draws. j. Ellas estudian.

II. Fill in the blank with the appropriate verb form.

Modelo: Juan = __baila___

1. Tú = ________________________ (tiempo con amigos).

2. Antonio y yo = _______________________________ (en bicicleta).

3. Lola y María = _________________________ (por teléfono)


4. Sra. Brown = ________________________ (a la escuela de HHS).

5. Tú y Marcos = ___________________________ en el parque.

El verbo estar(The verb estar)

p. 107 GramáticaoThe –ar verbs you have used until now are called _______________________ _________________ because they follow

a regular pattern. Verbs that do not follow a regular pattern are called ______________________ __________________.

oEstar is irregular because the ________ form doesn’t follow a regular pattern and because the forms _____________,

_______________, and ________________ require accent marks.

The vosotros,-as form ______________________ already has an accent. (not in book)

oUse estar to tell how someone _______________ or ______________________________________________________.

Ejemplos: Yo estoy bien. I am well. (feeling) (not in book) Yo estoy en la clase de español. I am in Spanish class. (location)

El libro está encima del pupitre. The book is on top of the desk. (location)

*¿Recuerdas? You have used the verb estar to ask how someone is.

o ¿Cómo ___________________?


o ¿Cómo _______________ Ud.?

ESTAR

yo estoy

nosotros, -as estamos

tú estás

vosotros, -as estáis

él ella estáUsted (Ud.)

ellos ellas estánUstedes (Uds.)

*notice that estoy and estamos do not have ____________________.

p. 107 Gramática: Hablar/EscribirActividad 10: En qué clase están?

Give the correct forms of estar as you tell what class each person is in.

Ella Modelo: Ella está en la clase de tecnología.

1. yo ______________________________________________________________________________.

2. los profersores __________________________________________________________.

3. la profesora _______________________________________________________________________.


4. Nosotros _______________________________________________________________________.

5. ella _______________________________________________________________________.

6. tú _______________________________________________________________________.

nombre€¦ · web viewthe definite articles el and la also point out if a word is masculine or...

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