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Nivel Dos � Lección treinta y dos Level 2 � lesson 32

Pronunciation

1. The Spanish word for flight is vuelo. (VOO WELL OH) The flight went well over all

2. The Spanish word for card is Tarjeta (TAR HET AH)

Everything is so cheap in Target I don�t even need to use my credit card.

3. The Spanish word for about is sobre (SOB RAY)

Imagine a Sobbing Ray Romano about the end of the show �Everybody loves Raymond.�

4. The Spanish word for to pay is pagar. (PUG AR)

Good ol dad is going to pay, yes Pa is gunna pay the expenses.

To pay for In Spanish �for� in to pay for is wrapped up in pagar. I am going to pay for the food. Voy a pagar la comida. I need to pay for the class today. Necesito pagar la clase hoy.

5. The Spanish for currency exchange is casa de cambio. (CASA DE CAM BEE OH) Cambio means change or exchange so we could perhaps translate casa de cambio as house of exchange

Exchange rate / type of exchange

To say the exchange rate in Spanish you say the type of exchange

Exchange rate tipo de cambio

Similarly the interest rate is

Interest rate tipo de interés 6. The Spanish word for today is hoy (OY)

Imagine getting slow service and saying �oy I want it today not next week.�

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Ejercicio 32A See how well you remembered your new Spanish words. Write the English words on the line 1. The English word for hoy is 2. The English words for casa de cambio are 3. The English words for pagar are 4. The English word for sobre is 5. The English word for tarjeta is

6. The English word for vuelo is Respuestas ejercicio 32B 1. today 2. currency exchange 3. to pay (for) 4. about 5. card 6. flight

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How to easily expand your Spanish vocabulary with even more, slightly hidden, instant Spanish words

People sometimes try to be funny by adding a vowel to English words to make them into Spanish. Uno beero por favor Yeah right Ha ha Or in Spanish ja ja, remember� the letter J in Spanish is pronounced similarly to the H in English. But, there really is a mountain of Spanish words that are identical to English words, the only difference is they finish with a vowel. So, why not take advantage of them? Just like we did in �Shortcut to Spanish 1�, we are going to take full advantage of the similarities between English and Spanish. You�ll acquire extra vocabulary and gain confidence in your ability to communicate in Spanish. Now, you can�t always be sure when to add a vowel. So, let�s focus instead on the most frequently used words. Then, it is easy for you to master the Spanish words that are really useful and use them in your Spanish communication. That�s why� I have made bold the words that are essential Spanish vocabulary. You can pay them extra attention if you want to, however�

I make it easy for you to acquire even more Spanish words By using all the essential Spanish words in this action guide and in the audio lessons, you�ll integrate most of the essential Spanish vocabulary without any special attention. The words in bold are from frequency lists of the 2000 most commonly used Spanish words. I have also made bold the words that are useful to you as a traveler in a Spanish speaking country. Sometimes the Spanish pronunciation is very different to the English. The audio lessons guide you to make sure that when you use these words the people understand you and you are successful in your Spanish communication. Why not go and do audio lesson 1 now and then come back to the action guide.

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Instant Spanish Vocabulary

Category 32 add an O

The rule to create Spanish from English Many Spanish words are the same as English words have an extra letter O on the

end. Here are 120 more Spanish words you�ll recognize right away.

abrupto absceso absurdo acceso acento activo adulto alfabeto apto arco asesino asterisco átomo autógrafo babero bálsamo banco bastado benigno bicarbonato bulbo camelo candidato caramelo carbono cardiaco carro circuito concreto congreso contento contexto contrabando corrupto costo crédito culto decrépito depósito disco

distinto Egipto entusiasmo espasmo evento excepto exceso experto explícito expreso extinto extremo franco gramo grupo golfo (gulf) habito helicóptero hidroeléctrico himno ídolo ilícito implícito incesto indiscreto inmenso instinto intervalo justo latino leopardo leotardos Luxemburgo manuscrito (manuscript) mayo mérito meteoro minero modelo moderno

mucho nitrógeno nulo ópalo ortodoxo oxigeno pacifico paralelo período pétalo piloto pretexto proceso protocolo púlpito radioactivo rayo rayo x (x ray) respeto resto robusto saco salmo santo sarcasmo secreto sexo símbolo suculento suspenso rancho talento tamarindo teléfono telégrafo texto tubo universo vasto vomito

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Taking your understanding of Spanish to new levels When you are told what something is, your learning is often fleeting, however, when you figure it out yourself learning takes place on a much deeper level. That�s why,� In �Shortcut to Spanish nivel dos� you are going to find longer and more complex Spanish sentences for you to decipher. As you work out the sentences you�ll build and reinforce the Spanish that you already know, plus,� you�ll absorb extra Spanish words and structures. You�ll find that your knowledge and command of Spanish increases naturally and easily. There are no lines for writing under the Spanish to English sentence translations. There�s no need for you to print out a mountain of pages with nothing more than lines. Instead write your answers in a notebook or translate in your mind and scroll down to the answer. In the next exercise you�ll see some long Spanish sentences. Don�t be intimidated, just take your time, You�ll be surprised to find out just how much Spanish you already absorbed in Shortcut to Spanish level 1.

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Ejercicio 32B Traduzca de español a ingles Exercise 32b translate from Spanish to English Alto = high 1. ¿Tienen ustedes comida vegetariana en el vuelo? 2. Mi progreso con el español es fantástico, estoy muy contento. 3. El costo de producción es mucho más alto en los Estados Unidos que en México. 4. Tengo un vuelo directo a Madrid. 5. Los Beatles, son el grupo musical británico más famoso de la década de 1960. 6. �21 Gramos� es la nueva película del director mexicano Alejandro González

Iñárritu nominado para el Oscar por su anterior película �Amores Perros�. 7. Amigos, en este momento sólo puedo decir, gracias. 8. ¿Cuándo es el momento que necesitamos ir al hospital? 9. Usted puede usar la tarjeta en todos los teléfonos públicos. 10. Hay dos tipos de boletos de vuelo; Uno es el boleto tradicional de papel, el otro

es un nuevo concepto, el boleto electrónico. 11. La recepcionista tiene un directorio de todas las casas de cambio en el centro. 12. No aceptamos cheques personales o tarjetas de crédito. 13. Necesito una tarjeta de teléfono prepagada para hacer llamadas de larga

distancia. 14. ¿Qué opinión tiene usted del servicio en este vuelo? 15. La mayoría de los vuelos son directos. 16. No uso mi tarjeta de crédito mucho porque no me gusta pagar interés. 17. No tengo tiempo para ir en tren necesito un vuelo directo. 18. Tengo una nueva tarjeta de crédito. 19. Voy a necesitar más tiempo para pagar. 20. Mi tarjeta de crédito tiene 50 días sin interés. 21. Mi esposo no usa tarjetas de crédito. 22. No se mucho sobre la cultura prehispana. 23. Tengo que decir algo sobre la calidad. 24. No tengo mucho tiempo para pagar. 25. No es suficiente tiempo para pagar. 26. Antes de ir al museo quiero ir a una casa de cambio. 27. Voy a pagar el gas hoy. 28. Tenemos que terminar hoy. 29. Desafortunadamente hoy es el día que tenemos que decir adiós a nuestros

amigos.

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Respuesta a ejercicio 32B Answers to exercise 32B 1. Do you (all) have vegetarian food on the flight. 2. My progress with Spanish is fantastic, I am very happy. 3. The cost of production is (much more high) a lot higher in the United States than

in Mexico. 4. I have a direct flight to Madrid. 5. The Beatles, are the most famous British Musical group from the decade of the

60s 6. 21 Grams is the new film of the Mexican director Alejandro González Iñárritu

nominated for the Oscar in his previous film Amores Perros. 7. Friends, (in) at this moment I can only say, thanks. 8. When is the moment that we need to go to the hospital? 9. You can use the card in all the public telephones. 10. There are two types of flight tickets; One is the traditional paper ticket, the other

is a new concept, the electronic ticket. 11. The receptionist has a directory of all the currency exchanges downtown. 12. We don�t accept personal checks or credit cards. 13. I need a prepaid phone card in order to make long distance calls. 14. What opinion do you have of the service on this flight? 15. Most of the flights are direct. 16. I don�t use my credit card much because I don�t like to pay interest. 17. I don�t have time (in order) to go (in) by train I need a direct flight. 18. I have a new credit card. 19. I am going to need more time (in order) to pay. 20. My credit card has 50 days without interest. 21. My husband doesn�t use credit cards. 22. I don�t know much about the prehispanic culture. 23. I have to say something about the quality. 24. I don�t have much time (in order) to pay. 25. It is not enough time to pay. 26. Before (to go) going to the museum I want to go to a currency exchange. 27. I am going to pay for the gas today. 28. We have to finish today. 29. Unfortunately today is the day that we have to say goodbye to our friends.

Are you up to this deeper level of understanding Spanish?

How did you do? If you learned all your vocabulary and structures well in Shortcut to Spanish Level 1, then, I expect you found it smooth sailing. If you found it difficult, I recommend you review Shortcut to Spanish Level 1 before going on.

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Ejercicio 32C Write the Spanish words on the line 1. The Spanish word for today is 2. The Spanish words for currency exchange are 3. The Spanish word for to pay is 4. The Spanish words for about is 5. The Spanish words for card is

6. The Spanish word for flight is Respuestas ejercicio 32C 1. hoy 2. casa de cambio 3. pagar 4. sobre 5. tarjeta 6. vuelo

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Ejercicio 32D Traduzca de ingles a español Where is there? = ¿Dónde hay? Reminders from lesson 31 - We have to = tenemos que we can = podemos 1. When is your flight? 2. Can we pay with a credit card? 3. We have to do something about

the costs. 4. Where is there a currency

exchange? I only have dollars but I need pesos.

5. I need information about the flights.

6. Where can I find a currency exchange?

7. I need to buy a (card of telephone) phone card.

8. David has more information about the product.

9. Do you want to see a film today? 10. No, I want to go to the beach

today. 11. I need a flight to Madrid. _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________

12. First I am going to go to the

currency exchange and then I am going to pay for the hotel.

13. There are no classes today. 14. When can you pay? 15. Do you want to go today or

tomorrow? 16. When is the last day that I can

pay? 17. I am (content) happy. 18. I have a flight (in) on Aeroméxico. 19. I don�t have credit cards. 20. I can�t eat on the flights. 21. I am going to pay for the food. 22. I don�t want to pay. 23. There are many currency exchange

(in the) downtown. 24. (Only) there is only one flight

today. _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

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Respuesta a Ejercicio 32D 1. ¿Cuándo es su vuelo? 2. ¿Podemos pagar con tarjeta de crédito? 3. Tenemos que hacer algo sobre los costos. 4. ¿Dónde hay una casa de cambio? Solo tengo dólares pero necesito pesos. 5. Necesito información sobre los vuelos. 6. ¿Dónde puedo encontrar una casa de cambio? 7. Necesito comprar una tarjeta de teléfono. 8. David tiene más información sobre el producto. 9. ¿Quiere ver una película hoy? 10. No, quiero ir a la playa hoy. 11. Necesito un vuelo a Madrid. 12. Primero voy a ir a la casa de cambio y luego voy a pagar el hotel. 13. No hay clases hoy. 14. ¿Cuándo puede pagar? 15. ¿Quiere ir hoy o mañana? 16. ¿Cuándo es el último día que puedo pagar? 17. Estoy contento.* 18. Tengo un vuelo en Aeromexico. 19. No tengo tarjetas de crédito. 20. No puedo comer en los vuelos. 21. Voy a pagar la comida. 22. No quiero pagar. 23. Hay muchas casas de cambio en el centro. 24. Solo hay un vuelo hoy. *Contento and feliz are more or less interchangeable synonyms for happy.

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Nivel Dos Lección treinta y tres Level 2 lesson 33

Pronunciation

7. The Spanish word for yesterday is ayer. (AH YAIR) Everyone knows �she loves you a yeah yeah yeah� but the best Beatles song is Yesterday Ah yeah, you learned a lot of Spanish yesterday in lesson 32 and you�ll learn even more today.

8. The Spanish word for month is Mes (MESS)

Think of having a busy month and saying, �man this month is a big mess.�

9. The Spanish word for week is semana (SEH MAN AH)

God Says "man I am bored, I will create an earth in a week

10. The Spanish word for past is pasado (PUS AH DOE)

Can you see past wrapped up in pasado?

Last week - last month La semana pasado - el mes pasado

If you want to say the last month and the last year in Spanish you say; The month passed el mes pasado The year passed el año pasado If you want to say the last week in Spanish you have to change pasado to pasada because semana is a feminine word The week passed la semana pasada Here�s how to say this month and this year in Spanish; This month este mes This year este año To say this week, you change this - este to the feminine form - esta. This week esta semana

11. The Spanish word for last night is anoche. (A NOTCH AY) Last night I put a notch on my belt.

12. The Spanish word for questions is preguntas (PRAY GOON TAHS)

Imagine a pregnant woman asking a lot of questions

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Ejercicio 33A See how well you remembered your new Spanish words. Write the English words on the line 1. The English words for pregunta is 2. The English words for anoche are 3. The English word for pasado is 4. The English word for semana is 5. The English word for mes is 6. The English words for ayer is 7. The English words for el mes pasado are 8. The English words for la semana pasada are 9. The English words for el año pasado are 10. The English words for este mes are 11. The English words for esta semana are 12. The English words for este año are Respuestas ejercicio 33A 1. question 2. last night 3. past 4. week 5. month 6. yesterday 7. the last month 8. the last week 9. the last year 10. this month 11. this week 12. this year

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Understanding Spanish at an even higher level easily I am about to show you an easy way to start speaking Spanish in the past. However, before you start talking in the past, I want to share with you some of my ideas. Speaking in the past is often made so confusing that it stops people enjoying and progressing with Spanish. But it doesn�t have to be so difficult. Like any skill, if you take it a step at a time and then use and internalize what you learn, it soon becomes natural. Most Spanish courses try and teach you everything, all at once, including the minor and most trivial of details that don�t really help you communicate. This approach didn�t work for me and it probably won�t work for you either. After all, it fails miserably, year after year, for millions of people who try valiantly to learn a second language. I have found it is much more effective to take small steps and learn them very well, then put that Spanish into use. It is like riding a bike, you start with training wheels until you get a feel for the bike, a natural sense of what you are doing and most importantly, confidence. Then, you can let go of the training wheels, you are a little wobbly, but you don�t fall on your face. With a little practice riding a bike very quickly becomes easy and intuitive. As they say, you never forget how to ride a bike. I believe you should take the same approach to learning a language. Take it a step at a time, learn it well, and take advantage of any �training wheels� that make using the language easy. Then build your skills with real practice so you never forget what you have learned. I spend countless hours searching for ways to present Spanish to you, to make it easy for you to understand to give you �training wheels� if you like. When I find a way to present Spanish in easy steps, I get excited, because I know I have cleared the path for you, so you can communicate more easily with Spanish speakers. All the joy and opportunity that comes with speaking another language is within your reach. So, on the next page I�ll give you some �training wheels� that give you a fast start to speaking about the past in Spanish. In chapter four, I�ll show you, perhaps, even easier patterns to talk about the past. You can use them to express much more with your Spanish and easily integrate them into your communication. • Be sure to practice with this action guide first then with the audio. • You don�t have to get it perfect to move on. • There is repetition built into the course and the learning comes from doing. Just by completing the course, you�ll internalize many Spanish patterns without extra effort. Instead of going for perfection, use the audio just 2-3 times, then move on. After you have completed the course, start again with the audio from the beginning, you�ll be surprised to find how easy speaking in Spanish has become for you.

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Español Claro, Conciso y Bien Expresado

How to use English IZE* words to make Spanish

Three easy steps to start expressing the past in Spanish Try this easy formula Step 1 From the ize-izar* category in chapter 26 of Shortcut to Spanish 1 take English words that end in ize like organize and utilize Change the z to a c like this (outside North America change the s to a c) organize = organice utilize = utilice step 2 put an accent on the last letter É organize = organicé utilize = utilicé step 3 emphasize the last letter organicÉ (ORG AN IS EH) emphasize the last letter utilicÉ (YOU TILL IS EH) Congratulations! You just learned how to speak about what you did in the past organicé = I organized utilicé = I utilized Now you know how to use 111 Spanish verbs in the first person in the past and shortly you�ll know hundreds more. Let's make a couple more I maximized = maximicé I socialized = socialicé Easy! *Let�s not get bogged down trying to pronounce from the page. Instead go to audio lesson number 33 and listen and practice your Spanish pronunciation.

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Ejercicio 33B Traduzca de español a ingles informes = reports daño = damage escuchar= to listen 1. Estabilicé al paciente con la medicina correcta. 2. Anoche improvicé una melodía en mi guitarra. 3. Modernicé la planta de manufactura. 4. Minimicé el daño 5. Memoricé los verbos en español. 6. ¿Por qué no quiere comentar sobre anoche? 7. Después de escuchar al presidente del gobierno y al líder de la oposición, en

su debate de ayer sobre el estado de la nación, solo puedo decir que los dos son idiotas.

8. Aquí están las preguntas de la semana pasada y sus respectivas respuestas. 9. Tranquilicé al animal. 10. Durante la semana pasada organicé un nuevo sistema. 11. Es una serie de informes divulgados la semana pasada sobre el estado de empleo

en la capital. 12. Treinta y ocho es el número total de operaciones efectuadas durante el mes

pasado en nuestro hospital. 13. Tengo varias preguntas. 14. Organicé el vuelo ayer, hoy voy a ir. 15. Mi vuelo esta programado este mes. 16. Maximicé los servicios que ofrecemos a nuestros clientes. 17. Optimicé la manera en que atendemos a los clientes. 18. Sistematicé los estudios de español. 19. Ayer utilicé el internet para encontrar la información. 20. Hoy es un día muy especial para mí. 21. Visualicé la casa antes de construirla. 22. Personalicé el email. 23. Ayer inmunicé a mi bebé. 24. Finalicé el artículo antes de medio día. 25. Hoy analicé la situación. 26. Ayer finalicé mi dieta, hoy voy a comer tacos. 27. Anoche utilicé el video por primera vez. 28. Ayer finalicé de pagar mi tarjeta de crédito, hoy voy a desactivarla. 29. Perdón si generalicé mucho. 30. Organicé una sesión educativa sobre la situación en Chiapas.

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Respuesta a ejercicio 33B 1. I stabilized the patient with the correct medicine. 2. Last night I improvised a melody on my guitar. 3. I modernized the manufacturing plant. 4. I minimized the damage. 5. I memorized the verbs in Spanish. 6. Why don�t you want to comment about last night? 7. After (to listen) listening to the president of the government and the leader of the

opposition, in their debate of yesterday about the state of the nation, I can only say that (the two) both are idiots.

8. Here are the questions from (the) last week and their respective answers. 9. I tranquilized the animal. 10. During the last week I organized a new system. 11. It is a series of reports divulged the last week about the state of employment in

the capital. 12. Thirty eight is the number of operations carried out during the last month in our

hospital. 13. I have (various) several questions. 14. I organized the flight yesterday, today I am going to go. 15. My flight is programmed (for) this month. 16. I maximized the services that we offer to our (clients) customers. 17. I optimized the (manner) way in that we attend to the clients. 18. I systemized the studies of Spanish. 19. Yesterday I utilized the internet in order to find the information. 20. Today is a very special day for me. 21. I visualized the house before (to construct it) building it. 22. I personalized the email. 23. Yesterday I immunized my baby. 24. I finalized the article before midday. 25. Today I analyzed the situation. 26. Yesterday I finalized my diet, today I am going to eat tacos. 27. Last night I utilized the video for the first time. 28. Yesterday, I (finalized to pay) finished paying my credit card, today I am going to

deactivate it. 29. Pardon if I generalize a lot. 30. I organized an educative session about the situation in Chiapas. .

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Ejercicio 33C Write the Spanish words on the line 1. The Spanish word for question is 2. The Spanish word for last night is 3. The Spanish word for past is 4. The Spanish words for week is 5. The Spanish words for month is 6. The Spanish word for yesterday is 7. The Spanish words for the last month are 8. The Spanish words for the last week are 9. The Spanish words for the last year are 10. The Spanish words for this month are 11. The Spanish words for this week are 12. The Spanish words for this year are Respuestas ejercicio 33C 1. pregunta 2. anoche 3. pasado 4. semana 5. mes 6. ayer 7. el mes pasado 8. la semana pasada 9. el año pasado 10. este mes 11. esta semana 12. este año

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Ejercicio 33D Traduzca de ingles a español The company = la compañía party = fiesta per = por the problem = el problema 1. I have to say something about last

night. 2. Yesterday, today and always. 3. In May of (the) last year I

privatized the company. 4. Yesterday, I minimized the

problem. 5. The last month I digitalized the

information. 6. Today is the first day of the week. 7. The last year, I commercialized the

product in Mexico. 8. I formalized the (classes of

Spanish) Spanish classes. 9. I have a flight this week. 10. There is no problem, I neutralized

the acid. 11. I need the information about the

product this week. _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________

12. Do you want to go to Mexico this week?

13. Last night I organized a party in my house.

14. I optimized my computer. 15. Today in the morning I organized

with my friends from the university a party in order to celebrate our graduation.

16. I memorized the number of my (card of credit) credit card.

17. I am going to pay my (card of credit) credit card this month.

18. I have to go to Madrid this week. 19. There are only two flights per

week. 20. There is an exhibition of photos

that is called �yesterday and today.�

_______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

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Respuesta a Ejercicio 33D 1. Tengo que decir algo sobre anoche. 2. Ayer, hoy y siempre 3. En Mayo del año pasado privaticé la compañía. 4. Ayer minimicé el problema.* 5. El mes pasado digitalicé la información. 6. Hoy es el día primero de la semana.* 7. El año pasado comercialicé el producto en México. 8. Formalicé las clases de español. 9. Tengo un vuelo esta semana. 10. No hay problema, neutralicé el ácido. 11. Necesito la información sobre el producto esta semana. 12. ¿Quiere ir a México esta semana? 13. Anoche organicé una fiesta en mi casa. 14. Optimicé mi computadora.** 15. Hoy en la mañana organicé con mis amigos de la universidad una fiesta para

celebrar nuestra graduación. 16. Memoricé el número de mi tarjeta de crédito. 17. Voy a pagar mi tarjeta de crédito este mes. 18. Tengo que ir a Madrid esta semana. 19. Hay solo dos vuelos por semana.*** 20. Hay una exhibición de fotos que se llama �ayer y hoy.� * It is always a good bet that if a word ends in the letter a, then it is most likely

feminine. However, there are a couple of common exceptions. The day El día The problem El problema

** You say tomayto I say tomahto.

When you travel from one Spanish speaking country to another, you�ll always find regional differences. In fact, often you�ll find regional differences within the same country. Here are some common variations.

El Ordenador la computadora Coche carro, auto

billete de tren Boleto de tren rentar alquilar

*** A lot of people get all worked up over por vs para. Frankly, if you try and

understand the differences with rules, it can get in the way of your communication. It�s much better to take it a step at a time, and learn by simply using the language. Here are the most common uses of por.

For (about time) por e.g. por una semana, por la primera vez, por el verano By por e.g. por teléfono, por internet per por e.g. uno por persona, 60 Km. por hora In Spanish percent is por ciento � ciento means hundred therefore por ciento = per hundred

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Nivel Dos Lección treinta y cuatro level 2 lesson 34

Pronunciation

13. The Spanish word for to study is estudiar (ES TOO DEE AR) I am sure you can see study wrapped up in Estudiar

14. The Spanish word for I went is fui (F WEE)

I went to magic mountain and on the roller coast I went FAHH WEE 15. The Spanish word for as or like is como (COMO)

My mum used to say �come on you are as slow as a wet weekend.�

Homonyms Homónimos

Homonyms are words with two or more meanings e.g. a fan of baseball, a fan to cool you down. You get two for one In English you can, pet your pet, or tie your tie, and in Spanish you can say, como como un puerco - I eat like a pig Sometimes you get 3 for 1, for example the Spanish homonym como Como I eat Como as/like Cómo (notice the accent for questions) how

16. The Spanish word for January is enero* (EN AIR ROW)

I am always rejuvenated at the start of the year, I have a lot of energy in January

17. The Spanish word for Monday is lunes* (LOO NESS)

lunes comes from the Spanish word for Moon � Luna Think of Monday in English as moonday.

Talking about days of the week

In Spanish to say on Monday, you say the Monday. Fui a México el lunes I went to Mexico on Monday. Visité a mi mama el martes I visited my mom on Tuesday. To talk about what you always do, as in English use a plural form. Siempre voy al centro los lunes I always go downtown on Mondays. Estudio con Juan los martes. I study with Juan on Tuesdays. 18. The Spanish word for bad is malo (MULL OH)

Words in English that start with mal are for bad things Malfunction-malnutrition-malpractice-maltreat

* In Spanish days of the week and months don�t have capital letters.

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Ejercicio 34A See how well you remembered your new Spanish words. Write the English words on the line 1. The English words for malo is 2. The English words for lunes is 3. The English words for enero are 4. The English word for como are 5. The English word for fui are

6. The English words for estudiar are 7. The English words for los lunes are Respuestas ejercicio 34B 1. bad 2. Monday 3. January 4. as � like 5. I went 6. study 7. on Mondays

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Español Claro, Conciso y Bien Expresado

How to use the +AR* category to easily speak in the past

This is perhaps even easier than the shortcut I shared with you in lección 33. Try this easy formula Step 1 From Shortcut to Spanish 1, the +ar* category in chapter 26 and the AR- almost identical* category in chapter 30, take the English words rentar and visitar; Use the English past of those words Rentar = rented Votar = voted step 2 take off the d rented - d = rente voted - d = vote step 3 Accent the e and emphasis on the last letter renté (rent EH) Accent the e and emphasize the last letter voté (vot EH) Congratulations! You just learned another 167 ways to speak about what you did in the past renté = I rented voté = I voted Let's make a couple more I deposited = deposité I cancelled = cancelé I visited = visité I used = usé *again let�s not get bogged down pronouncing from the page. Go to audio lesson number 34 and listen and practice your Spanish pronunciation.

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Ejercicio 34B Traduzca de español a ingles enseñar = to teach trabajadores =workers retirar = to withdraw encontrar = to find & to meet 1. Recientemente renové mi licencia. 2. No hay nada como el tráfico en el Distrito Federal de México es muy malo. 3. Usé casetes y discos compactos para estudiar español. 4. Escapé de la prisión en enero. 5. Como Bill Clinton fumé, pero no inhalé. 6. Informé a los clientes nuestros horarios de oficina.* 7. Invité a Juan a la fiesta.* 8. Visité a mi mamá ayer.* 9. Ayer contraté a tres trabajadores de México. 10. Alerté a las autoridades sobre el hombre malo la semana pasada y ahora tengo

que testificar el lunes. 11. La semana pasada audité la compañía y la situación es muy mala. 12. Exporté cocos de Colima a Los Ángeles. 13. Edité el documento antes de publicarlo. 14. El año pasado creé una buena manera para enseñar español. 15. Limité la promoción a una por familia. 16. Planté jitomate, espárrago, coliflor, brócoli, y lechuga en mi jardín. 17. Anoche programé el video para grabar American Idol. 18. El lunes fui al centro y reporté el robo a la policía. 19. El martes fui al aeropuerto para encontrar a mis amigos. 20. Anoche fui a ver el fútbol. 21. Abordé el vuelo a las 10:00 p.m. el lunes. 22. Ayer compré un kilo de mangos en el mercado. 23. Aseguré el carro en enero. 24. Encontré un hotel maravilloso. 25. La semana pasada necesité un coche. 26. Terminé ayer. 27. Renové mi licencia de piloto de helicópteros y aeroplanos en enero. 28. En la mañana fui al banco para retirar dinero, porque no aceptan tarjetas de

crédito en el hotel. 29. Estudié español en Costa Rica el año pasado. 30. Renové la licencia, el lunes pasado. 31. Renové la casa el año pasado. 32. Tengo clases de español los lunes. * Notice the, a, in bold letters, it is called the personal a. In Spanish this, a, is used when a verb is followed by people. therefore I invited Juan - Invité a Juan, I visited my mom - Visité a mi mama.

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Respuesta a ejercicio 34B 1. Recently I renewed my license. 2. There is nothing like the traffic in the Federal District of Mexico it is very bad. 3. I used cassettes and compact discs in order to study Spanish. 4. I escaped from the prison in January. 5. Like Bill Clinton I smoked, but I didn�t inhale. 6. I informed the (clients) customers of our office hours. 7. I invited Juan to the party. 8. I visited my mother yesterday. 9. Yesterday I contracted three workers from Mexico. 10. I alerted the authorities about the bad man and now I have to testify on Monday. 11. The last week I audited the company and the situation is very bad. 12. I exported coconuts from Colima to Los Angeles. 13. I edited the document before publishing it. 14. The last year I created a good (manner) way to teach Spanish. 15. I limited the promotion to one per family. 16. I planted tomato, asparagus, cauliflower, broccoli and lettuce in my garden. 17. Last night I programmed the video in order to record American Idol. 18. On Monday I went (to the) downtown and reported the robbery to the police. 19. On Tuesday I went to the airport in order to (find) meet my friends. 20. Last night I went to (see) watch the football. 21. I boarded the flight at 10:00 p.m. on Monday. 22. Yesterday I bought one kilo of mangos in the market. 23. I insured my car in January. 24. I found a wonderful hotel. 25. The last week I needed a car. 26. I finished yesterday. 27. I renewed my helicopter and airplane pilot�s license in January. 28. In the morning, I went to the bank in order to withdraw money, because they

don�t accept credit cards in the hotel. 29. I studied Spanish in Costa Rica, (the) last year. 30. I renewed the license, (the) last Monday. 31. I renovated the house, (the) last year. 32. I have Spanish classes on Mondays.

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Ejercicio 34C Write the Spanish words on the line 1. The Spanish word for bad is 2. The Spanish words for Monday is 3. The Spanish word for January is 4. The Spanish words for as is 5. The Spanish words for I went is

6. The Spanish word for to study is 7. The Spanish words for on Monday is 8. The Spanish words for on Mondays is Respuestas ejercicio 34C 1. malo 2. lunes 3. enero 4. como 5. fui 6. estudiar 7. el lunes 8. los lunes

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Ejercicio 34D Traduzca de ingles a español The guitar = la guitarra the pyramids = los pirámides the check = el cheque 1. Like in Egypt, there are pyramids

in Mexico. 2. The Mexican food in the United

States is very bad, it is not like the Mexican food in Mexico.

3. I deposited the check. 4. I voted for Vicente Fox. 5. Last night I went to a party in (the

house of a friend) a friend�s house. 6. I didn�t vote in the election. 7. I rented a house in Acapulco in

January. 8. I didn�t rob the bank. 9. I prospered in the United States. 10. I cancelled the flight on Monday. 11. I confirmed the reservation on

Monday. 12. I considered all the options. _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________

13. Yesterday I went (to the) downtown and deposited the check.

14. I abandoned the house in January. 15. I detected a bad problem in the

computer the last week. 16. I only expressed my opinion. 17. The last week I imported Mexican

art. 18. I installed the computer in the

house. 19. I vomited (in) on the flight. 20. Last night I went to a restaurant

with my family. 21. The last month I went to Chile. 22. I went (to the) downtown in order

to find a currency exchange. 23. The last year I went to Madrid in

order to study Spanish. _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

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Respuesta a Ejercicio 34D 1. Como en Egipto, hay pirámides en México. 2. La comida mexicana en los Estados Unidos es muy mala, no es como la comida

en México 3. Deposité el cheque. 4. Voté por Vicente Fox. 5. Anoche fui a una fiesta en la casa de un amigo. 6. No voté en la elección. 7. Renté una casa en Acapulco en enero. 8. No robé el banco. 9. Prosperé en los Estados Unidos. 10. Cancelé el vuelo el lunes. 11. Confirmé la reservación el lunes. 12. Consideré todas las opciones. 13. Ayer fui al centro y deposité el cheque. 14. Abandoné la casa en enero. 15. Detecté un problema malo en la computadora, la semana pasada. 16. Solo expresé mi opinión. 17. La semana pasada importé arte mexicano. 18. Instalé la computadora en la casa. 19. Vomité en el vuelo. 20. Anoche fui a un restaurante con mi familia. 21. El mes pasado fui a Chile. 22. Fui al centro para encontrar una casa de cambio. 23. El año pasado fui a Madrid para estudiar español.

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Nivel Dos Lección treinta y cinco Level 2 lesson 35

Here are some quick and easy additions to add to your vocabulary. Then you are going to focus on learning an easy new Spanish structure to multiply your ability to express yourself in Spanish.

Pronunciation

19. The Spanish word for minutes is minutos (ME NOO TOES) ¿Fácil verdad? Easy isn�t it?

20. The Spanish word for summer is verano (VAIR AH NO)

Imagine going to see someone called Vera in summer. 21. The Spanish word for Baby is bebé (BEH BEH)

¿Fácil verdad? Easy isn�t it? 22. The Spanish word for the payment is el pago. (PUG OH)

You already know pagar is to pay, derived from the same root el pago is the payment

23. The Spanish word for impressive is impresionante. (IM PRES ION ANT EH) Spanish speakers often say muy impresionante when something has an impact on them.

24. The Spanish word for Tuesday is martes (MAR TESS)

You learned that the Spanish word for Monday is lunes, named after the moon. la luna = the moon, El lunes = Monday Tuesday is named after mars marte = mars, martes = Tuesday

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Ejercicio 35A See how well you remembered your new Spanish words. Write the English words on the line 1. The English words for martes is 2. The English words for impresionante is 3. The English words for pago is 4. The English word for bebé is 5. The English word for verano is 6. The English words for minuto is 7. The English words for malo is 8. The English words for lunes is 9. The English words for enero is 10. The English word for como is 11. The English words for fui are 12. The English words for estudiar are 13. The English words for los lunes are 14. The English words for el martes are Respuestas ejercicio 35A 1. Tuesday 2. impressive 3. payment 4. baby 5. summer 6. minute 7. bad 8. Monday 9. January 10. as 11. I went 12. to study 13. on Mondays 14. on Tuesday

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Instant Spanish Vocabulary

Category 33 add m-ma

The rule to create Spanish from English Many words In English that end in em, im, am or om can be made into Spanish by change the m to ma.

Ma es masculino y dad es femenino. Ma � is masculine and dad is feminine.

This is a small category but an interesting and useful one. The funny thing about ma words is they are masculine. So, in Spanish ma words are usually masculine yet dad words are feminine. Ma dad El problema La universidad El idioma La electricidad El sistema La identidad Also notice: el idioma is frequently used to mean the language.

Here are 14 Spanish words you can use right away.

el axioma el clima (climate) el emblema el ecosistema el problema

el programa el diagrama el telegrama el poema el sistema

el epigrama el monograma el idioma (language)* el teorema (theorem)

* If you want to talk about idioms or idiomatic expressions use modismo. Here are 4 more Spanish words in the ma category that are the same as English words. el enigma el dilema el drama el panorama

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Español Claro, Conciso y Bien Expresado

Easy way to express even more in the past

Here is way to expand your communication in the past that you can use right away. Try these easy steps Step 1 Take any infinitive verb you know that ends in +ar, you know hundreds from the chapters 19, 20, 22, 26, 30 in Shortcut to Spanish. Change the ar to ado Rentar = rentado analizar = analizado invitar = invitado decorar = decorado step 2 Spanish has two ways to say, you have 1) tiene you have (possess something) e.g. tiene una casa you have (possess) a house 2) ha you have (done something) e.g. ha rentado you have rented step 3* Combine - ha + ar verb changed to ado and you can make thousands of sentences. ¿Ha analizado los documentos? Have you analyzed the documents? ¿Ha verificado la información? Have you verified the information? Ha rentado una casa. You have rented a house. ¿Ha visitado las pirámides? Have you visited the pyramids? Ha decorado la casa muy bien. You have decorated the house very well. ¿Ha decorado el árbol de Navidad? Have you decorated the Christmas tree? Guau! wow! You can now use 507 instant Spanish verbs, plus all the other ar verbs you know, to create muchísmo comunicación en español. Ahora está listo (ready) para diálogos en español en el pasado.

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Ejercicio 35B Traduzca de español a ingles Visto = seen pagué = I paid 1. ¿Ha visto al nuevo bebé de Juan y

Lupita? Sí, fui al hospital ayer.

2. Ha sistemizado la producción, puedo ver que es mucho más eficiente. Gracias, ahora el sistema funciona muy bien.

3. ¿Ha visto el nuevo emblema? Sí, es muy impresionante.

4. ¿Ha encontrado un vuelo económico para mí? Sí, encontré uno con Aeroméxico.

5. ¿Ha terminado el poema? Sí, terminé el poema anoche.

6. ¿Ha terminado de ver el diagrama? No, necesito cinco minutos más.

7. ¿Ha estudiado otros idiomas? No, solo español.

8. ¿Ha pagado el telegrama? Sí, pagué con tarjeta de crédito.

9. ¿Ha arrestado al criminal? Ayer arresté a un hombre de treinta años en el centro.

10. ¿Ha pagado el vuelo? Sí, pague por teléfono con una tarjeta de crédito.

11. ¿Ha auditado la compañía este año? No, pero audité la compañía el año pasado antes del fin del año fiscal.

12. ¿Ha contratado a los trabajadores para terminar el jardín? Sí, contraté a tres trabajadores mexicanos el martes.

13. ¿Ha comprado un seguro para el motorhome para las vacaciones en Baja este verano? No, voy a comprarlo en la frontera.

14. ¿Ha informado a la policía del robo? Sí, informé a la policía por teléfono.

15. ¿Ha instalado Microsoft Word en la computadora? Sí, instalé todos los programas de MS Office.

16. ¿Por qué ha limitado las promociones a una por cliente? Porque no tengo mucho inventario.

17. Ha insultado a mi esposa. Lo siento.

18. ¿Qué ha plantado en el jardín este año? Planté brócoli, coliflor y lechuga.

19. ¿Qué ha programado para hoy? Voy a visitar las pirámides de Teotihuacan.

20. Ha economizado mucho en el sistema de producción. Es muy impresionante. Sí, necesité reducir el costo de producción.

21. ¿Ha hablado al doctor? Sí, hablé con el doctor por teléfono.

22. ¿Ha estudiado la lección? Sí, estudié la lección dos veces. Una vez anoche y otra vez en la mañana.

23. ¿Ha pagado el hotel? Sí, pagué con tarjeta de crédito.

24. ¿Ha exportado frutas antes? Sí, exporté papaya de Nayarit a Los Ángeles por tres años.

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Respuesta a ejercicio 35B 1. Have you seen Juan and Lupita´s new baby?

Yes, I want to the hospital yesterday. 2. You have systematized the production, I can see that it is much more efficient.

Thanks you, now the system functions very well. 3. Have you seen the new emblem?

Yes, it is very impressive. 4. Have you found an economical flight for me?

Yes, I found one with Aeromexico. 5. Have you finished the poem?

Yes, I finished the poem last night. 6. Have you finished seeing (to see) the diagram?

No, I need five minutes more. 7. Have you studied other languages?

No, only Spanish. 8. Have you paid for the telegram?

Yes, I paid with (a) credit card. 9. Have you arrested the criminal?

Yesterday I arrested a man of 30 years (in the) downtown. 10. Have you paid for the flight?

Yes, I paid by phone with a credit card. 11. Have you audited the company this year?

No, but I audited the company last year before the end of the fiscal year. 12. Have you contracted the workers in order to finish the garden?

Yes, I contracted 3 Mexican workers on Tuesday. 13. Have you bought (an) insurance for the motorhome for the vacation in Baja this

summer? No, I am going to buy it (in) at the border.

14. Have you informed the police of the robbery? Yes, I informed the police by telephone.

15. Have you installed Microsoft Word on the computer? Yes, I installed all the programs of MS office.

16. Why have you limited the promotions to one per customer? Because I don�t have much inventory.

17. You have insulted my wife. I am sorry.

18. What have you planted in the garden this year? I planted broccoli, cauliflower and lettuce.

19. What have you programmed for today? I am going to visit the pyramids of Teotihuacán.

20. You have economized a lot the production system. It is very impressive. Yes, I needed to reduce the cost of production.

21. Have you spoken to the doctor? Yes, I spoke with the doctor by telephone.

22. Have you studied the lesson? Yes, I studied the lesson twice. Once last night and again in the morning.

23. Have you paid for the hotel? Yes, I paid with (a) credit card.

24. Have you exported fruits before? Yes, I exported papaya from Nayarit to Los Angeles for three years.

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Ejercicio 35C Write the Spanish words on the line 1. The Spanish word for Tuesday is 2. The Spanish words for impressive is 3. The Spanish word for payment is 4. The Spanish words for baby is 5. The Spanish words for summer is 6. The Spanish word for minute is 7. The Spanish word for bad is 8. The Spanish word for Monday is 9. The Spanish word for January is 10. The Spanish word for as is 11. The Spanish word for I went is 12. The Spanish words for to study are 13. The Spanish words for on Mondays are 14. The Spanish words for on Tuesdays are Respuestas ejercicio 35C 1. martes 2. impresionante 3. pago 4. bebé 5. verano 6. minuto 7. malo 8. lunes 9. enero 10. como 11. fui 12. estudiar 13. los lunes 14. el martes

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Ejercicio 35D Traduzca de ingles a español spoken = hablado I spoke= hablé for 8:00 p.m. = para las 8:00 p.m. 1. Have you analyzed the documents?

Yes, I analyzed the documents on Tuesday.

2. Have you (terminated) finished the adoption? Yes, I adopted a baby from El Salvador.

3. Have you reserved a table? Yes, I reserved a table for 8:00 p.m.

4. Have you connected the computer to the internet? Yes, I connected with AOL.

5. Have you deposited the check? Yes, I deposited the check when I went (to the) downtown in the morning.

6. What have you bought? I bought a hat.

7. Have you spoken with Robert about the plans? Yes, I spoke with Robert last night and he wants to participate.

_______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________

8. Have you imported the car?

Yes, I imported the car the last month, I have all the documents in the house.

9. Have you rented a house for the summer? Yes, I rented a house in Acapulco.

10. Have you visited Mexico before today? Yes, I went to Mexico the last summer, it is very impressive.

11. Have you optimized your computer? No, I don�t know how to do it.

12. Can I make my payment with (a) credit card? Yes, it is all right.

13. Have you finished the class? No, still we have ten minutes.

14. The summer vacation (the vacations of summer).

15. I like the climate of Spain. _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

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Respuesta a Ejercicio 35D 1. ¿Ha analizado los documentos?

Sí, analicé los documentos el martes. 2. ¿Ha terminado la adopción?

Sí, adopté un bebé de El Salvador. 3. ¿Ha reservado una mesa?

Sí, reservé una mesa para las 8:00 p.m. 4. ¿Ha conectado la computadora al internet?

Sí, conecté con AOL. 5. ¿Ha depositado el cheque?

Sí, deposité el cheque cuando fui al centro en la mañana. 6. ¿Qué ha comprado?

Compré un sombrero. 7. ¿Ha hablado con Roberto sobre los planes?

Sí, hablé con Roberto anoche y quiere participar. 8. ¿Ha importado el carro?

Sí, importé el carro el mes pasado, tengo todos los documentos en la casa. 9. ¿Ha rentado una casa por el verano?

Sí, renté una en Acapulco. 10. ¿Ha visitado México antes de hoy?

Sí, fui a México el verano pasado, es muy impresionante. 11. ¿Ha optimizado su computadora?

No, no se como hacerlo. 12. ¿Puedo hacer mi pago con tarjeta de crédito?

Sí, está bien. 13. ¿Ha terminado la clase?

No, aún tenemos diez minutos más. 14. Las vacaciones de verano. 15. Me gusta el clima de España.