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Niue’s Joint National Action Plan for Disaster Risk Management and

Climate ChangeApril 2012


Climate Change

For more information please contact:

Deputy DirectorDisaster Reduction ProgrammeApplied Geoscience & Technology DivisionSecretariat of the Pacific Communitywww.spc.int / www.sopac.org / www.pacificdisaster.net

CoordinatorDepartment of EnvironmentGovernment of NiueE-mail: [email protected]

Aid Program

Niue’s Joint National Action Plan for Disaster Risk Management and Climate Change i


Climate Change

April 2012

Niue’s Joint National Action Plan for Disaster Risk Management and Climate Change

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Niue is classified as a small island developing state. Like its Pacific island neighbours, Niue is economically, environmentally and socially vulnerable to external shocks over which it has little or no control. This places Niue at a distinct disadvantage compared with larger developed countries.

in January 2004, Tropical Cyclone Heta struck the island of Niue. The cyclone’s centre is estimated to have passed within 15 km of the Niuean capital, Alofi. Niue is particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and climate variability with the projected increased frequency and intensity of the storm events that may result from climate change proven to already have profound effect on the economy and environment.

The combination of a high, spring tide, directional travel, wind velocity, spiral direction, and a sloping seabed combined to maximum effect in producing a sea surge estimated at 50m that overtopped the cliffs and in cases pushed 100m inland devastating all in its path. The net effect was what may be termed a ‘super-cyclone’ – possibly of greater intensity than the category five at the top end of the scale. Damage from Cyclone Heta was estimated at over $NZ37 million.

in its commitment to building resilience, Niue has developed the Niue Joint National Action Plan. This plan is the result of a thorough consultative process with stakeholders on Niue. it is therefore a direct response to their concerns, issues and needs and is consistent with the Niue Strategic integrated Plan, the Niue Climate Change Policy as well as other key national policies.

Furthermore, this document is a reaffirmation of our commitment to the Pacific island Framework for Action and Climate Change 2006–2015 and the Pacific Disaster Risk Reduction and Disaster Management Framework for Action 2005–2015. These are the overarching Pacific regional policy instruments guiding action on Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management at national and sub national levels in Pacific island countries.

We are particularly grateful to our regional agencies as well as the donor community for their ongoing support that will inevitably provide the enabling environment that this plan needs to be fully and successfully implemented.

in the end it is us - the people of Niue who need to support the implementation of this plan to build a more resilient Niue, where our Taoga and our livelihoods are not only protected from the impacts of climate change and disaster risks, but that they are improved in spite of these.

i am pleased therefore, to present the Niue Joint National Action Plan.

Hon. Toke Talagi

Premier of Niue

Foreword


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Fakahigoa a Niue, ko e motu tote atihake agaia – ke fakatatai atu ke he tau motu he Pasifika, ko Niue ke he faahi uku monuina, takatakaimotu mo e moui fehagai kua tū hagahagakelea ke he tau lekua tupu fakalutukia ki fafo he hana malolo ke totoko atu. Lagākina mai he tuaga hagauka ia kua nakai lata ke fakatatai atu a ia ke he tau motu lalahi kua tū tokoluga atu.

Lauia lahi a Niue ke he tau lekua tupu fakaofo ha ko e hikihikiaga he matagi ke he leva he tau vahā pihia mo e kehekehe he tau lekua nei. Ko e tau fuafua to tumau ke malikiti hake e loga pihia mo e mahomo atu e malōlō he tau matagi afa lagākina mai ha ko e tau hikihikiaga he matagi. Kitia ai foki kua fita ni he lauia kelea e motu ke he moui ukumonuina mo e takatakaimotu ka e mua atu ke he tau amaamanakiaga ke he atihakeaga he motu ko Niue.

Ko e mahina Ianuari 2004, ne tō e matagi Afa ko Heta ki Niue. Ko e uho tonu he matagi afā nei ne iloa pehē kua agi tata mai ke he motu 15 kilomita mo e taone ko Alofi. Lagā ni ha ko e tukuna peau tokoluga, hana tafe, mafiti mo e malōlō e agi mo e gū he matagi, agi mavikoviko mo e papatī e toka he moana, kua fakafelau ke moua mai e tau peau kua mua atu he tokoluga, fuafua ki ai ko e 50 mita he tokoluga kua hoko ti molea e tau kaukau feutu kua tafe atu 100 mita ki loto he motu ko Niue. Ko e lauiaaga he lekua nei kua fakakupu ko e tapunu he tau afā kua mahunu atu haana malōlō molea hake he matagi afā fakaotiaga ke he fufuta lima.

Fuafua e tau koloa he motu ne malona ha ko e Afa ko Heta kua molea e $37 miliona. Kua kitia ki ai kua kamatamata e moui tū mauokafua he tau tagata Niue kua eke foki mo tāmataaga ke he liu atiahakeaga he motu.

Ke fakamoho aki e hana manako ke liu atihake e moui tū mauokafua he motu, kua talaga e Niue Joint Action Plan. Ko e Palana nei ko e fakaotiaga he gahua kaufakalataha mo e fakamakamaka mo e tau tagata oti he motu ko Niue. Ko e taliaaga pauaki ke he tau tagata ha ko e ha lautolu a tau manatu tupetupe, tau matolitoli mo e tau manakoloto.

Kia eke e Palana nei mo takitakiaga mo e lagomataiaga ke he feakiaga he aga tu mauokafua he tau tagata Niue. Mahuiga atu foki kua fakapiki ke he Tohi Niue National Strategic Plan, Niue Climate Change Policy mo e falu a hatakiaga he motu. Ke lalafi atu, ko e Palana nei ko e fakamohoaga ha tautolu ke he Pacific Island Framework for Action and Climate Change 2006-2015 mo e Disaster Risk Reduction mo e Disaster Management Framework for Action 2005-2015.

Tuku atu ha mautolu a tau manatu Oue Tulou ke he tau Matakau he Pasifika pihia foki mo e tau matakau foaki tupe ke he hā lautolu a tau lagomatai tumau mai ke fakatupu olaola e Palana nei mo e fakamooli hana tau fakagahuaaga.

Ko e fakahikuaga, ko tautolu ni – ko e tau kakai tagata he motu ko Niue kua lata tonu ke lagomatai mo e felagoaki ke fakagahua e Palana nei ke fakaholokimua e aga mo e mahani tū mauokafua ha Niue, mua atu ke he puipuiaga he tau momoui taitai, kamata mai he vao uhi ke hoko ke he tofia mai he tau lekua tupu fakaofo ha ko e hiihikiga he matagi, ka e mahomo atu ki mua pete ni kua pihia.

Kua hā hā ia au e lilifu ke fakamooli e tohi mahuiga nei ko e Niue Joint Action Plan (JNAP).

Toke T Talagi Palemia Niue.

TAU ULUAKi MANATU


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Acknowledgements


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AWS Automatic Weather Station

BoM Bureau of Meteorology (Australia)

CCA Climate Change Adaptation

DAFF Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

DCA Department of Community Affairs

DJLS Department of Justice, Lands and Surveys

DM Disaster Management

DRR Disaster Risk Reduction

DRM Disaster Risk Management

DoE Department of Education

EEZ Exclusive Economic Zone

ENSo El Niño Southern oscillation

FAo Food and Agriculture organization

GDP Gross Domestic Product

GEF Global Environment Facility

GFDRR Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery

GoN Government of Niue

iCCAi international Climate Change Adaptation initiative

iNC initial National Communications

iPCC intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

JNAP Joint National Action Plan

M&E Monitoring and Evaluation

NDC National Disaster Council

NDMCC National Department of Meteorology and Climate Change

NEoC National Emergency operations Centre

NNSP Niue National Strategic Plan

NPSC National Public Service Commission

NTo National Tourism office

PACC Pacific Adaptation to Climate Change

PaRiS Pacific Risk information System

PCCSP Pacific Climate Change Science Program

PCCR Pacific Climate Change Roundtable

PDRMPN Pacific Disaster Risk Management Partnership Network

PMU Project Management Unit

PTWC Pacific Tsunami Warning Center

PWD Public Works Department

SNC Second National Communications

SoG Secretary of Government

SoPAC Applied Geoscience & Technology Division, SPC

SPC Secretariat of the Pacific Community

SPREP Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme

TA Technical Assistance

TC Tropical Cyclone

UNDP United Nations Development Programme

Acronyms


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Foreword................................................................................................................................ iii

Acknowledgements................................................................................................................ iv

Acronyms............................................................................................................................... v

List of Figures......................................................................................................................... vii

List of Tables........................................................................................................................... vii

Executive Summary................................................................................................................. viii

Section 1: Background Information.................................................................................... 1

a. Geographical Setting........................................................................................................... 1

b. Population........................................................................................................................... 2

c. Governance........................................................................................................................ 3

d. National Development Policies and Priorities....................................................................... 4

e. Economy............................................................................................................................. 4

f. Risk Context....................................................................................................................... 5

Section 2: Development of the Joint National Action Plan for Disaster Risk Management and Climate Change................................................................... 10

a. introduction......................................................................................................................... 10

b. international and Regional Policy Context............................................................................ 10

c. National Policy Context....................................................................................................... 11

d. Existing DRM and CCA Arrangements................................................................................. 12

e. JNAP Development Process............................................................................................... 13

Section 3: Joint National Action Plan: Vision and Goals................................................... 14

a. Vision.................................................................................................................................. 14

b. Goals.................................................................................................................................. 14

Section 4: JNAP Implementation Strategy......................................................................... 16

a. introduction......................................................................................................................... 16

b. Approach to Development of an implementation Program................................................... 16

c. Guiding Principles................................................................................................................ 16

d. indicative Costing Methodology........................................................................................... 17

e. indicative Costs................................................................................................................... 17

f. implementation Approach and Structure............................................................................. 17

g. Financing Strategy............................................................................................................... 20

h. Communications Strategy................................................................................................... 21

i. Monitoring and Evaluation................................................................................................... 21

Section 5: Implementation Matrix...................................................................................... 23

a. Structure of implementation Matrix...................................................................................... 23

Section 6: Annexes............................................................................................................. 42

a. JNAP Country Engagements............................................................................................... 42

b. JNAP Taskforce Membership.............................................................................................. 42

c. Stakeholders Consulted...................................................................................................... 42

d. Related DRM and CCA Projects.......................................................................................... 43

e. Key Documentation............................................................................................................. 44

Contents


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List of FiguresFigure 1. Map of Niue

Figure 2. Seasonal rainfall and temperature at Hanan Airport

Figure 3. Population of Niue, 1900 – 2006

Figure 4. Number of tropical cyclones passing within 400km of Niue

Figure 5. Photo taken post- TC Heta, showing a massive boulder washed over the cliffs and 50m inland, smashing into a building.

Figure 6. The membership and roles of National Climate Change and DRM Committee

Figure 7. Composition of proposed JNAP Unit

Figure 8. overall coordination and implementation of JNAP

List of TablesTable 1. Projected annual average air temperature for Niue

Table 2. Climate change impacts in selected sectors in Niue

Table 3. indicative costs for JNAP goals

Table 4. JNAP implementation Matrix


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Niue is a self-governing nation in free association with New Zealand, located partway between Tonga, Samoa and the Cook islands. Niue’s economy is heavily dependent on support from New Zealand and aid accounts for 70% of Niue’s GDP. Niue has a population of approximately 1625 people, making it the world’s least populated state.

Niue is vulnerable to climate risks such as Tropical Cyclones (TCs) and droughts; geological risks such as earthquakes and tsunami; and human-caused risks such as disease outbreaks and contamination of the water supply. As the world’s largest elevated coral atoll, its rocky and rugged coastline has steep cliffs which offer marginal protection from risks such as tsunami. However as experienced in 2004 with the category 5 Tropical Cyclone Heta, TC-induced waves have the capacity to overtop the steep cliffs and wash boulders inland up to +25 m above sea level. Niue’s isolation, small population, reliance on donor aid, limited water resources and marginal agricultural potential also contribute to its overall risk profile.

Niue’s Joint National Action Plan (JNAP) for Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Management provides a three year plan of action to address existing gaps relating to vulnerability to climate change impacts and disasters. Developed in partnership with Pacific regional organisations (SPC/SoPAC and SPREP), the Government of Niue have identified five priority areas of attention, which form the goals in the JNAP implementation Matrix:

1. Strong and effective institutional basis for disaster risk reduction / climate change adaptation

2. Strong public awareness and improved understanding of the causes and effects of climate change, climate variability and disasters

3. Strengthened livelihoods, community resilience, natural resources and assets

4. Strengthened capacity to adapt renewable energy technologies and improve energy efficiency

5. Strengthened disaster preparedness for effective response

This report provides the details of how the JNAP was developed and how it will be implemented. it also maps out the actions, activities and tasks required to meet these goals, and provides indicative costing in preparation for implementation. A summary of the full implementation matrix, which also includes outcomes and indicators, is provided on next page.

Executive Summary


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Goal 1: Strong and effective institutional basis for disaster risk reduction / climate change adaptation

Actions:

• Mainstreamclimatechangeanddisasterriskreductionconsiderationsatnationallevel

• Buildstrongconsultativeandparticipatorycommunityapproach(includingVillageCouncils,NGO,CivilSociety and private sector) in climate change adaptation, mitigation and disaster risk reduction planning, implementation and monitoring and evaluation.

• EstablishaSteeringCommitteetocoordinateCCAandDRRactivitiesandtooverseetheJNAPunit

• EstablishandfundaJNAPUnitwithintheDepartmentofEnvironmenttocoordinateandmonitorJNAPimplementation and provide secretariat support to above Committee

• IncorporatedisasterreductionandclimatechangeconsiderationsintoNiue’sNationalBuildingCode

• Developanintegratedriskbasedapproachtolanduseanddevelopment

• Buildnationalandlocalcapacitytoaccessexternalfundingmechanisms

Goal 2: Strong public awareness and improved understanding of the causes and effects of climate change, climate variability and disasters

Actions:

• IntegratetraditionalknowledgeinCCAandDRM

• Establishaplatformtosharelessonslearnedandbestpractices

• DevelopandimplementaneffectiveCommunicationsStrategyconsolidatingoutputsandoutcomesofCCA and DRM related initiatives

• IncludedisasterriskmanagementandclimatechangeadaptationinSchoolcurricula

• Distribute2ndNationalCommunicationsReport

• Develop3rdNationalCommunicationsReport

Goal 3: Strengthened livelihoods, community resilience, natural resources and assets

Actions:

• Strengthencommunity-baseddisasterriskmanagementandclimatechangeadaptationprogrammes

• Establisheffectiveearlywarningsystemstoprovideaccurateandtimelywarningforallhazardstothecommunity

• Ensurefoodsecurity

• Develop integrated information management system(s) to support DRM and CCA decision makingprocesses and inform JNAP implementation

Goal 4: Strengthened capacity to adapt renewable energy technologies and improve energy efficiency

Actions:

• StrengthengovernancetosupportenergyefficiencyandrenewableenergyoptionsinlinewiththeNiueStrategic Energy Policy and Action Plan

• Improveenergysecurity

Goal 5: Strengthened disaster preparedness for effective response

Actions:

• Strengthencapacitiestorespondeffectivelytodisasters

• DevelopawarenessofInternationalandRegionalHumanitarianAssistance


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Background Information

Section 1


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a. Geographical SettingNiue is a small Pacific island Country (PiC) located partway between Tonga, Samoa and the Cook islands. The island is approximately 259 square kilometres and is the world’s largest elevated coral atoll (Barnett, 2008) with its highest point being less than 70m above sea level. Niue has an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of 390,000km2 and has two reef atolls, Anitope and Beveridge, where commercial fishing is banned (SoPAC, 2000). Niue’s coastline is rocky and rugged, with steep cliffs, caves, deep chasms and blowholes (GoN, 2000). The island of Niue is comprised of three terraces with the lower terrace being 28m above sea level and the upper terrace averaging 69m above sea level (GoN, 2000). Niue’s capital is Alofi, which is located on the western side of the island, as shown in Figure 1. A total of 14 villages are scattered across the island, and a 64km circuit road passes through all the villages (SPREP, 2009).

Niue is dominated by two distinct district seasons: the wet (or hot) season, which lasts from November until April and the dry (cool) season, lasting from May to october. Torrential downpours of rain during the wet season are common and account for approximately 68% of Niue’s total annual rainfall, which averages 2180mm per year (SPREP, 2009). Rainfall is highly variable in nature and ranges between 839-3226mm per year, with trends strongly associated with El Niño Southern oscillation (ENSo) patterns. other climatological drivers affecting Niue include the South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ – which is close to the island in the wet season, contributing to high rainfall totals), the sub-tropical high pressure zone and south-easterly trade winds (NDMCC, 2011). Figure 2 shows Niue’s average temperature and rainfall at Hanan Airport.

Figure 1. Map of Niue.

Figure 2. Seasonal rainfall and temperature at Hanan Airport (Source: PCCSP, 2011).


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Being a coral atoll, Niue’s soils are marginal, rendering intensive agriculture and long-term monoculture difficult due to shallow soil depth, low nutrient content and poor soil structure (SPREP, 2009). FAo note that only 11.6% of Niue’s land is considered arable (FAo, 2010). Despite this, subsistence level agriculture accounts for most agricultural productivity and contributes to 23% of Niue’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Subsistence agriculture is also important for cultural, dietary and economic reasons (UNDP, 2010). Taro, cassava, sweet potato and yams are commonly grown, while livestock include chickens, pigs and a small number of cattle are also kept to support subsistence livelihoods (SPREP, 2009).

Niue’s dominant coral reefs are found on the western side of the island, which is where most fishing activities occur. Fishing occurs mainly at the subsistence level (accounting for 90% of total fish catch) due to the limited inshore fishing resources (UNDP, 2010).

b. PopulationNiue has a population of approximately 1625 (data from the last census in 2006), people, making it the world’s least populated state (Barnett, 2008). Large scale outward migration from Niue, usually from younger age groups, has occurred since 1971 (aided by the opening of Niue’s Hanan international Airport in 1970), predominantly to New Zealand for education and employment opportunities and family ties, as well as perceived higher standards of living abroad (GoN, 2006a). As a result, there are over 20,000 people identifying themselves as Niuean in New Zealand (Barnett, 2008). More than four times the number of Niueans born in Niue live in New Zealand, compared to in Niue (Bedford et al., 2006) and Niueans are freely able to migrate to New Zealand with no restrictions in entering the New Zealand or Australian labour markets. See Figure 3 for a depiction of population decline since the 1970s.

Figure 3. Population of Niue, 1900 – 2006 (Source: GoN 2006b)

Population decline is a concern, with the Premier noting in 2003: “There are serious concerns that if our population drops much lower, then the very things that make us a nation, such as our spiritualism, language, heritage and social values will be threatened” (GoN, 2003). Population decline leads to a decrease in human capital when workers leave, which leads then to a strain on Niue’s development capacity. This was noted in Niue’s report on the Millennium Development Goals, and the addition of “Promote sustainable population development” as a new goal (GoN, 2006a).


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c. GovernanceSince 1974, Niue has been self-governing in free association with New Zealand, under the Niue Constitution (GoN, 2009). Niueans are also New Zealand citizens. The Premier is the Head of Government and the Executive Government (Cabinet) consists of the Premier and three ministers (GoN, 2009). The Legislative Assembly (Parliament) consists of 20 members which represent 14 village constituencies and 6 common roll members (GoN, 2002). Elections are held every 3 years.

Devolution of responsibility from the Legislative Assembly to Village Councils recognises the need to preserve and build strength of family and community systems and village life in general, which remain the focus of Niue’s cultural and political organisations (GoN, 2002). Tãoga Niue is a government department established to sustain Niue’s national identity, including through language; customs and traditions; and arts and crafts. The purpose of Tãoga Niue is also to address the threat of declining population and the penetration of Western values and practices on the people and culture of Niue (Barnett, 2008).

The church is an additional institution important in Niue’s governance structure, with Ekalesia Niue being the dominant church, accounting for 60% of the population (Barnett, 2008). in some villages, the Village Council and the Church Council are indistinguishable. Relatively few civil society organisations exist, with their influence generally restricted to their area of interest.

d. National Development Policies and PrioritiesNiue’s National Strategic Plan (2009-2013) has a vision of “Niue ke Monuina – A Prosperous Niue” and is built upon national development pillars including:

• Financial Stability

• Governance

• Economic Development

• Social Development

• Environment Development

• Tãoga Niue

Aims and strategies for each of the national development pillars describe the ways in which the objectives are to be met. Eleven guiding principles also frame the approach to which Niue takes to achieving Niue ke Monuina. These guiding principles are:

• Relevant to Niue ke Monuina – A Prosperous Niue

• Efficient and effective systems

• Collaboration, communication and consultation with sector wide approaches

• Accountability, responsibility and transparency

• Sustainable healthy development

• Effective resource allocation and use

• A strategic focus and alliances with key stakeholders

• Cohesive and coordinated implementation of the strategic objectives

• outcome focused, and mindful of cultural and spiritual values

• Constant monitoring and evaluation

• implementation framework and outcome-based sector plans (outcome focused an prioritised implementation programme)


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See Section 2b for further details of Niue’s national policy context and its relation to the Joint National Action Plan (JNAP).

e. EconomyNiue’s economy is heavily dependent on support from New Zealand, who has a statutory obligation to provide economic and administrative assistance to Niue (GoN, 2009). Aid accounts for 70% of Niue’s GDP, which is NZ$10,000 per capita (Barnett and Ellemor, 2007). other sources of financial resources include taxation, government trading activities, sovereign assets and additional support form development partners (GoN, 2009). Low population, scarcity of natural resources, isolation and high costs of transportation lead to Niue’s economy being far from self-sufficient (GoN, 2010a).

The public sector accounts for the vast majority of the economy, employing over 400 people (Barnett, 2008), and representing 56% of those formally employed (GoN, 2006b). other minority sectors in Niue include tourism, fishing, with noni and vanilla which are being developed as a cash crop for export (GoN, 2009). Trade and tourism suffer from limited transport options, with only weekly flights to/from Auckland servicing the island and the channel accessing Alofi wharf too small for large shipping vessels.

f. Risk ContextNiue is vulnerable to climate risks such as tropical cyclones (TCs) and droughts; geological risks such as earthquakes and tsunami; and human-caused risks such as disease outbreaks and contamination of its only fresh water supply.1 Niue’s risk profile is also inherently linked to its isolation and limited capacity to manage and respond to disasters and climate change impacts. Traditional coping strategies have tended to make way for an increased reliance on external support, as New Zealand fulfils its obligations to provide support to Niue in times of disaster. Finally, climate change is likely to exacerbate most of Niue’s risks – see below of details.

Climate and weather driven risksNiue’s tropical cyclone season lasts from November to April. Niue has experienced numerous tropical cyclones in the past and since 1969, 63 tropical cyclones have come within 400km of the island (NDMCC, 2011). ENSo patterns are thought to influence the frequency of tropical cyclones, with more events observed during El Niño episodes in Niue (Kumar, 2011). Recent past tropical cyclone events include Tropical Cyclone ofa in 1990, the centre of which was believed to pass within 60km of Alofi (Forbes, 1996). TC ofa transformed Niue from a food exporting country to one dependent on imports for 2 years. Wave damage from TC ofa was reported 20m above normal sea level (SEAFRAME, 2008).

Tropical Cyclone Heta was a category 5 storm hitting Niue in 2004, and had an even greater impact on infrastructure and agricultural production (Wade 2005), causing damage equalling three times Niue’s GDP (NDMCC, 2011). Figure 5 shows a photo post-TC Heta of a boulder washed over the cliffs and 25m inland.

During TC Heta, wind speeds around 130 km/h and wind gusts were recorded at 200 km/h at the Niue Meteorological office before the power disruption. Nevertheless, the Regional Specialised Meteorological Centre in Nadi, Fiji estimated maximum sustained winds of 210 km/h with gusts up to 300 km/h (Biukoto and Bonte-Grapentin, 2004). Two people died as a result of TC Heta. Damage also included destruction of the hospital and Niue Hotel, along the

1 See NDMCC, 2011; Biukoto and Bonte, 2004; Australian Government Bureau of Meteorology, 2009; PCRAFi 2011


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Alofi South coast destruction of most of the commercial and financial buildings, destruction of 43 houses and severe damage to a further 20 (Barnett and Ellemor, 2007). The Huanaki Cultural Centre – an important Niuean cultural meeting place – was destroyed, and severe impacts to biodiversity were felt, particularly to the native pigeon and fruit bat (Barnett and Ellemor, 2007).

Despite Niue’s tall cliffs, TC induced waves have the capacity to overtop the coastline and wash boulders inland, as happened with TC Heta where waves impacts were observed at sites up to +25 m above sea level. The increased wind speeds, constant wind direction and narrow continental shelf around Niue developed maximum sea conditions and wave amplitude during TC Heta that overtopped the cliffs damaging coastal property and infrastructure. Aside from the damage to the built environment, extensive impacts were also seen on the coral reef, flora and fauna (GoN, 2000), and salt water intrusion affecting agricultural crops and family gardens.

ENSo cycles strongly influence rainfall, with El Niño episodes linked to periods of drought in Niue, affecting rain-fed gardens and household plantations and recharge of the groundwater.

Figure 4. Number of tropical cyclones passing within 400km of Niue (Source: PCCSP, 2011).

Figure 5. Photo taken post- TC Heta, showing a massive boulder washed over the cliffs and 50m inland, smashing into a building. (Source: Biukoto and Bonte-Grapentin, 2004).


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Record dry season rainfall usually occurs during an El Niño, as happened in 1983, 1991 and 1998 where less than 400mm was received, which equates to half the normal dry season total (NDMCC, 2011). Conversely, La Niña episodes are related to above average rainfall, which can result in yam disease outbreaks and heighten the prevalence of mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue (NDMCC, 2011).

Current and projected climate change impactsNiue’s temperature trends indicate an increasing trend since 1950, with increasing maximum temperatures of 0.15°C per decade - a trend consistent with the patterns of global warming (PCCSP, 2011). Patterns for rainfall do not indicate a trend for either annual or seasonal rainfall.

Niue’s closest sea level recording instrument is found in Rarotonga in the Cook islands, which indicates an increasing trend of 5mm per year (PCCSP, 2011). The intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (iPCC) indicates over the last hundred years, the global average rise in sea level is 2mm per year, highlighting that in Niue’s region, the rate is higher than average. it is important to mention that sea level is also strongly linked to ENSo patterns on an inter-annual basis – for example, the 1997-1998 El Niño event caused sea level to fall by around 20cm (SEAFRAME, 2008).

Climate change is likely to bring a continued increase to average temperature conditions, with an increase of up to 0.9 – 1.7°C by 2055 in a high emissions scenario (PCCSP, 2011). An increase in the number of hot days and warm nights is also likely, with a decline in cool weather. Latest projections for temperature in Niue are provided below in Table 1, showing the range dependent on emissions scenario, and values representing 90% of the range of the climate models relative to the period 1980-1999 (PCCSP, 2011).

Table 1. Projected annual average air temperature for Niue (Source: PCCSP, 2011).

2030 (°C) 2055 (°C) 2090 (°C)

Low emission scenario 0.2 – 1.0 0.5 – 1.5 0.7 – 1.9

Medium emission scenario 0.2 – 1.2 0.7 – 1.9 1.2 – 2.8

High emission scenario 0.3 – 1.1 0.9 – 1.7 1.8 – 3.2

A decrease in frequency of tropical cyclones is likely for Niue, however it is likely that an increase in the proportion of more intense storms will occur (PCCSP, 2011). Niue’s recent experience of TC Heta in 2004 highlights the vulnerability of Niue’s population to such events, given the destructive nature of high winds and waves, the reliance on subsistence living, and the threat to water resources. Alongside water security, food security is also likely to be threatened by climate change and more frequent severe weather events, particularly given the marginal nature of Niue’s soils.

Climate change impacts on rainfall patterns are uncertain, with inconsistent climate model results (PCCSP, 2011). There is a suggestion from models of a decrease in dry season rainfall and an increase in wet season rainfall. The rain that does fall in the dry season is expected to fall in fewer but more intense episodes, with implications for erosion and potential damage to agricultural crops (Kirono et al., 2008). No clear trend is apparent for the frequency of droughts in the 21st century.

Agricultural production is highly vulnerable to an increase in rainfall variability and changes to soil moisture. After only 3 weeks without rain, the roots of the main food crop – talo – begin to wither (Barnett, 2008). Crop yield and agricultural sustainability are threatened by a decrease in rainfall, and when coupled with higher temperatures, can lead to increased plant stress and a decrease in yield (GoN, 2000). Prolonged periods of drought have occurred in the past, for example between 1940-1944, annual rainfall was almost 24% below the average, while in the two periods of 1925-1926 and 1976-77, rainfall was 32% below average (SPREP,


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2009). Agricultural production can also be severely impacted by prolonged flooding and higher humidity, which is also likely as rainfall variability is heightened. An increased incidence of agricultural pests and disease are likely as fungi and bacteria can thrive in wet, humid conditions.

A summary of projected climate change impacts on different sectors in Niue is provided below in Table 2.

Table 2. Climate change impacts in selected sectors in Niue (Source: Kirono et al., 2008).

Sector Changes Implication

General aspect • increase in extreme rainfall

• increase in tropical cyclone intensity and mean sea level rise

• increased erosion

• Storm surges and large waves causing coastal inundation and erosion, coastal retreat

Water Resources • Decrease in dry season rainfall

• increase in wind speed and temperature intensity potential evapotranspiration

• Groundwater recharge may be lessened

• Depletion in quality and quantity of groundwater

Agriculture • Decreases in rainfall and increases in evapotranspiration

• increase in wind speed

• Decrease in talo production

• Potential increase in wind erosion, reducing size of land suitable for agriculture

Fishing • increase in temperature

• Changes in ENSo, changes of water current patterns

• Artisanal and subsistence fisheries may decline due to increase in coral bleaching episodes and increased risks of ciguatera poisoning caused by disturbance to the reefs

• Availability and seasonality of deep water fish may change

Tourism • Tropical cyclone frequency not change but its intensity may change

• increase in air and sea surface temperature

• Less safety

• Proliferate certain organisms (e.g. mosquitoes and medusas) and pose a health threat

Water resourcesNiue has no surface water and relies upon groundwater resources and rain catchments. Groundwater is recharged via rainfall infiltration and rainfall currently exceeds the rate of extraction (Barnett, 2008). However, Niue’s porous soil renders its underground fresh water vulnerable to contamination, from both human causes (e.g. agricultural chemicals) and natural sources (e.g. sea water) (see SoPAC, 2007). Pollution of groundwater can also occur as a result of tropical cyclones, with intense rainfall and coastal erosion leading to contamination of sea water and land based pollutants (GoN, 2000).

Any significant reduction in rainfall or contamination of groundwater therefore threatens the dominant source of Niue’s water resources, which carries implications for its domestic, commercial and agricultural users – all of whom rely upon it as an available water resource with 80% domestic use, 15% agricultural use and 5% industrial/commercial use. This is particularly concerning in periods of drought, as abstraction wells may become saline, leading to water scarcity and potential competition between users from different sectors – e.g. domestic, commercial, agricultural (UNDP, 2010).

Niue’s Water Steering Committee Communications Strategy notes two main issues relating to water in Niue:

• increasing cost of supplying water

• Pollution


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Earthquakes and tsunamisNiue is situated along a relatively quiet seismic area but is surrounded by the Pacific “ring of fire,” an extremely active seismic area capable of generating large earthquakes and, in some cases, major tsunamis that can travel great distances (PCRAFi , 2011). Niue has no historical records of damaging earthquakes or significant tsunami damage.

in 2009, SoPAC, along with the Government of Niue and the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BoM), conducted a National Capacity Assessment for tsunami warning and mitigation systems to assess Niue’s capacity to prepare for, receive, communicate and respond effectively to tsunami warnings. Linked to this was an assessment of the tsunami threat from several sources, i.e. Tonga Trench to the west of Niue, New Hebrides, South Solomon and Puysegur Trenches. The high cliffs and deep bathymetry of Niue suggest it may not be very susceptible to significant shoaling and inundation from a distant-source tsunami. However, Niue’s proximity to the Tongan Trench and experience of TC Heta there raises the concern that there is still potential exposure to tsunamis (GoN et al., 2010).

Development and land management processes Additional risks exist in terms of less than optimal development and land management practices. Already alluded to above, development practices have the potential to threaten Niue’s groundwater resource via contamination. Waste management is an additional source of risk of contamination, via solid and sanitation waste disposal. inadequate waste management in the livestock sector also poses a threat to water quality.

Deforestation also poses a risk to the stability of Niue’s shallow soils. Removal of native forests to make way for agriculture – both livestock and crops such as taro - or other human activities can enhance erosion, increase run-off and aid the ability of land based pollutants to enter the groundwater. over the past 20 years, 22% of indigenous forests have been cleared (UNDP, 2010). Traditional slash and burn methods of land clearing are making way for clearance using bulldozers, which addresses some concerns regarding loss of soil fertility (GoN, 2010a).

Development in the coastal zone is an additional concern which has been acknowledged with the Coastal Development Policy (2008) - see Section 2d for details. Unsustainable harvesting practices in the coastal zone, poaching and illegal fishing, unsustainable harvesting techniques, leaking septic tanks, flow of land pollutants to the ocean and inadequate waste disposal systems have all contributed to degraded environmental conditions (GoN, 2010a).


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Development of the Joint National Action Plan for Disaster

Risk Management and Climate Change

Section 2


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a. introductionThe development of the JNAP on CCA and DRM is Niue’s response to national, regional and international processes, agreements and frameworks in strategically addressing risk and vulnerability via a holistic approach. The Government of Niue has endorsed an integrated, “whole of country and whole of Government” approach to addressing climate change and disaster risk management. The remainder of this section describes international, regional and national policy instruments relevant to DRM and CCA.

b. Geographical SettingThe United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is the key international agreement aiming to stabilise greenhouse gases in the atmosphere to prevent dangerous climate change impacts. Due to its political standing and relationship with New Zealand, Niue has special membership with the UNFCCC, joining in 1996. Niue ratified the Kyoto Protocol in 1999 however included the following remarks to the UNFCCC:

“The Government of Niue declares its understanding that ratification of the Kyoto Protocol shall in no way constitute a renunciation of any rights under international law concerning state responsibility for the adverse effects of climate change and that no provisions in the Protocol can be interpreted as derogating from the principles of general international law.

in this regard, the Government of Niue further declares that, in light of the best available scientific information and assessment of climate change and impacts, it considers the emissions reduction obligations in Article 3 of the Kyoto Protocol to be inadequate to prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system”.2

Niue undertook its initial National Communications to the UNFCCC in 2000. At the international level, the Hyogo Framework for Action (2005–2015) is the primary instrument for a coordinated approach to disaster management and risk reduction and was agreed to by Pacific Forum leaders via the approval of the regional agreement – Pacific Disaster Risk Reduction and Disaster Management Framework for Action 2005–2015 (Pacific DRM Framework). The Pacific Disaster Risk Management Partnership Network (PDRMPN), established in 2006, provides a collaborative and cooperative mechanism to support PiCs in disaster risk management capacity building and implementation of the Pacific DRM Framework (SoPAC, 2009).

For climate change at the regional level, the “Niue Declaration on Climate Change” was endorsed by Pacific leaders at the 39th Pacific island Forum held in Niue in August 2008. it is a key document in the region’s efforts to address climate change. The Pacific islands Framework for Action on Climate Change (PiFACC-2006–2015) & Action Plan for the implementation (2008) set out issues and response measures to address climate change in the Pacific region. The Pacific Climate Change Roundtable (PCCR) was established in 2008 and meets biannually primarily to support PiCs with the implementation of the PiFACC. Additionally, the PCCR provides a networking and information sharing opportunity to achieve a more coordinated approach to adaptation and mitigation in the region, and also provides a platform to link PiCs to donor countries.

c. National Policy ContextAs noted above, Niue’s National Strategic Plan (NNSP) for 2009-2013 underpins the country’s objectives for sustainable development and builds upon its previous plan (Niue integrated Strategic Plan 2003–2008: see GoN, 2003). The NNSP also provides a strong foundation for the JNAP. Reducing risk and enhancing resilience to disasters and climate change complement each of the National Development Pillars, as seen below.

2 UNFCCC, 2001. Declarations and Reservations by Parties. http://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol/status_of_ratification/items/5424txt.php


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Niue’s National Development Pillars:

Financial Stability

Ensure that sufficient financial resources are secured, and responsible fiscal management is prudent, sustainable and supports healthy development strategies

Governance Ensure that good governance reflects the principles of transparency and accountability and is practised at all levels

Economic Development

Maximise benefits from Niue’s resources in a sustainable manner focusing on private sector development, targeting tourism, agriculture and fisheries supported by safe, reliable, affordable healthy infrastructure

Social Development

Enjoy a harmonious and healthy lifestyle in a thriving, educated and safe community that has access to a wide range of quality social services and healthy development opportunities

Environmental Development

Sustainable use and management of Niue’s natural resources and environment for present and future generations

Tãoga Niue Promote, preserve and strengthen Niuean cultural heritage, language, values and identity

in addition to the NNSP, key National Policies guiding the development of the JNAP also include:

• Niue National Climate Change Policy 2010

• Niue National Sustainable Coastal Development Policy 2009

• Niue National Emergency Plan 2009

• The Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management 2010

• Niue National Strategic Energy Policy and Action Plan 2005

• Forest Policy 2004

Additional relevant national policy instruments and legislation relating to DRM and CCA include:

• Niue National Disaster Plan 2010 (see (d) below)

• National Assessment: Tsunami Warning and Mitigation Systems

• Water Resources Act 1996

• Water Resources Bill and Water Management Plan (submitted to Cabinet for approval)

• integrated Waste Management Strategy 2010

• integrated Environmental impact Assessment Regulation (undergoing review for submission to Cabinet)

• The National Action Plan for Land Degradation

• National Forest Policy

• Land Act 1996

• Census Act 1971

• Civil Aviation Act 1999

• Communications Act 1989

• Education Act 1989

• Electric Power Supply Act 1960

• Public Health Act 1965

• Transport Act 1965

• Building Code Act 1992

• Environmental Legislation 2003

• initial National Communication (iNC) 2000 and Second National Communications (SNC) Report 2010 on climate change to the UNFCCC

• Public Emergency Act 1979


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d. Existing DRM and CCA ArrangementsDisaster risk managementNiue’s National Disaster Plan (2010), which was updated to include lessons learned from TC Heta, contains a number of sub-plans:

• Disaster Management Plan

• Response and Recovery Plan

• Contingency Plans (for cyclone and storm, influenza pandemic) and

• Tsunami Plan.

in times of emergency and disaster, Cabinet maintains overall responsibility for disaster management (GoN, 2010b). on a day-to-day basis, the National Disaster Council (NDC) is the designated authority as the central coordinator for all hazards, while the Police undertake much of the required work (GoN, 2010b).

Village Councils, Government departments and the Police have additional responsibilities in terms of risk reduction and awareness raising which are outlined in the National Disaster Plan (2010). The National Emergency operations Centre (NEoC) is housed in the Broadcasting Corporation of Niue building and it is the responsibility of the Police to ensure equipment is functioning.

in times of disaster, the Chief of Police is the designated Disaster Controller, providing leadership in overall response, relief and initial recovery. The National Emergency operations Centre (NEoC) is housed within the Broadcasting Corporation of Niue (BCN), given its communications capacity.

Climate changeNiue’s Climate Change Policy was developed in 2009 and defines the position of government and other stakeholders on the issues of climate change, variability and sea level rise. The vision and goal of the Climate Change Policy are as follows:

Vision “A safer, more resilient Niue to impacts of climate change and towards achieving sustainable livelihoods.”

Goal “To promote understanding of and formulate appropriate responses to the causes and effects of climate change in support of national sustainable development objectives.”

The Climate Change Policy also contains six objectives which include:

1. Awareness Raising

2. Data Collection, Storage, Sharing and Application

3. Adaptation

4. Mitigation

5. Governance and Mainstreaming

6. Regional & international Cooperation


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Niue has completed its initial and Second National Communications (SNC) to the UNFCCC. This process involved some stakeholder consultation, alongside developing and tracking greenhouse gas emissions in line with UNFCCC requirements.

The JNAP strongly recognises the links between disaster risk management and climate change action, and thus aims to operationalise the Climate Change Policy and vulnerabilities identified in the SNC via the actions contained in the Results Matrix (see Section 5)..

Niue’s Coastal Development Policy, developed in 2008, has the following aims:

• Sustain coastal benefits through integrated coastal area management and development.

• Reduce disaster risks to coastal development and the people of Niue.

• Promote proactive and co-operative governance.

The JNAP also fulfils meeting the task of operationalising the Coastal Development Policy via its actions contained in the Results Matrix.

Niue also has in place a number of projects aimed at risk reduction and climate change adaptation. Existing steering committees are already in place for the Pacific Adaptation to Climate Change (PACC) Project (which has a water focus); the integrated Water Resources Management (iWRM) Project and the National Communications for climate change. See Section 4 for details on JNAP implementation arrangements.

e. JNAP Development ProcessDevelopment of the JNAP for DRM and CCA began at the request of the Government of Niue in october 2010. The initial mission from SoPAC and SPREP was in March 2011, with two follow up missions in May (2011) and october/November 2011.

Cabinet approved the development of a JNAP in March 2011, which allowed for the establishment of a JNAP Task Force Committee which soon followed. The Committee’s purpose is to oversee and progress the development of the JNAP activities and implementation plan. The JNAP Committee is comprised of representatives from the Police, Niue Department of Meteorology and Climate Change (NDMCC), Department of Environment and Department of Public Works.

Development of the JNAP proceeded with a highly consultative approach, with each support mission from regional organisations meeting at length with government and non-government representatives to ensure the JNAP reflects the needs and capacity of Niue, and also complements existing projects in place such as PACC and iWRM integrates the implementation of existing DRM and CCA interventions such as the Niue Climate Change Policy, Coastal Development Policy and Niue National Disaster Plan. Related DRM and CCA projects and initiatives can be found in Annex D. Several national stakeholder workshops were held to identify key risks and areas of concern and also to prioritise issues and discuss implementation. See Annex A for chronological details of the JNAP’s development.


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Joint National Action Plan: Vision and Goals

Section 3


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a. VisionBuilding upon the vision of the Climate Change Policy, Niue’s vision under the JNAP is: “A safer more resilient Niue”

b. GoalsThe following five goals have been developed to progress Niue to a safer, more resilient future:

Goal 1Strong and effective institutional basis for disaster risk reduction / climate change adaptation

Objectives

(i) Mainstream climate change adaptation and disaster risk management into national economic development planning and budgetary processes; and into sector policies and plans

(ii) Establish an effective regulatory and institutional framework to facilitate the development and implementation of appropriate national risk reduction measures and responses

(iii) Strengthen partnerships and collaboration with national, regional and international organisations

Goal 2Strong public awareness and improved understanding of the causes and effects of climate change, climate variability and disasters

Objectives

(i) Develop and implement a communications strategy

(ii) Strengthen and coordinate public awareness campaigns through educational and promotional programs such as public seminars, workshops and training, including through the use of multi-media

(iii) Develop national partnerships with NGos and the private sector to raise awareness and target special interest groups such as community bodies, village councils, youth and business community

(iv) incorporate climate change and DRM advocacy into school curricula, as appropriate

(v) Facilitate effective coordination and dissemination of special climate change promotional resources and programs for better understanding of concepts such as adaptation, mitigation, REDD, carbon trading, CDM, green growth, iWRM, PACC

Goal 3Strengthened livelihoods, community resilience, natural resources and assets

Objectives

(i) Strengthen community capacity to cope with potential climate change and disaster impacts

(ii) Strengthen resilience of key infrastructure (communications, power, water, air and sea ports) and key development sectors including agriculture, forestry, fisheries and tourism tourism

(iii) Strengthen technical and institutional capacity to collect, store and analyze climate and disaster risk information

Goal 4Strengthened capacity to adapt renewable energy technologies,improve energy efficiency and energy security

Objectives

(i) Promote mitigation actions and energy efficiency and conservation measures in sectors such as electricity, buildings, transportation, industry, tourism, agriculture, forestry, communications and water

(ii) identify, develop and implement viable renewable energy technologies such as solar and wind energy and other alternative energy sources

Goal 5Strengthened disaster preparedness for effective response

Objectives

(i) Strengthen disaster preparedness and the capacity for effective response and recovery


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JNAP Implementation Strategy

Section 4


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a. introductionThis section describes the implementation arrangements of this JNAP and includes:

• a description of the approach utilised to develop the implementation arrangements;

• the guiding principles for the implementation;

• the costing methodology used by partners to identify resource requirements and related costs for the implementation of actions under the JNAP;

• the implementation and management structure to be responsible for leading and coordinating JNAP implementation;

• a financing strategy and approaches for the resourcing of JNAP actions;

• the platform for an appropriate communications strategy to help ensure that the underlying message of increased safety and resilience is conveyed to all stakeholders using the most appropriate media; and

• the basis for a monitoring and evaluation system which not only addresses issues in relation to transparency and accountability but also facilitates a systematic approach to change and improvement as a direct consequence of progress reporting.

b. Approach to Development of an implementation ProgramNiue’s JNAP implementation arrangements were developed through extensive consultations with stakeholders and members of the JNAP Task Force, as well as the Secretary of Government and additional government officials. Discussions that began in March 2011 continued through the in-country SoPAC/SPREP visit in october 2011 to ensure the final arrangements reflected the views and needs of government.

Final implementation arrangements were presented at the second JNAP Task Force workshop in November 2011, allowing for ownership and commitment from government to adhere to the implementation structure to progress the actions contained in the JNAP.

Following the November 2011 workshop, a number of key priorities for immediate implementation were identified:

• Establish and fund a JNAP Unit within the Department of Environment to coordinate and monitor JNAP implementation and provide secretariat support to above Committee

• Niue National building code incorporates disaster reduction and climate change considerations

• Strengthen evacuation plans and strategies

c. Guiding Principles Niue’s JNAP borrows its guiding principles from existing policies including the NNSP, the Coastal Development Policy and the Climate Change Policy. All three have a strong focus on coordination, collaboration and good governance; social equity and sustainable development.

d. indicative Costing MethodologyTable 3 provides a total indicative cost to implement the JNAP. The estimated cost of the JNAP includes both the financial cost of actions and the in-kind contributions made by the Government of Niue and partners (such as SPC/SoPAC and SPREP) to execute actions.


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Some assumptions are inherent in the costing methodology. For example, we use three consistent amounts for national, regional and international consultants. Costs are also based on average costs of conducting workshops (including venue hire and catering), procuring office supplies, travel costs and publication costs. These costs are based on information relevant as at october 2011.

e. indicative Costs

Details for each goalTable 3. indicative costs for JNAP goals.

Goal Financial Cost In-Kind Contribution Total Cost (NZ$)

Goal 1 $477,480 $200,063 $677,543

Goal 2 $265,630 $40,307 $305,937

Goal 3 $653,318 $17,083 $1,033,111

Goal 4 $53,030 $6000 $59,010

Goal 5 $399,760 $4583 $404,343

TOTAL $1,849,218 $268,037 $2,117,255

The greatest costs are associated with Goals 1 and 3, accounting for approximately 32% each. other goals account for the following percentages: Goal 2- 14%; Goal 4- 3% and Goal 5- 19%.

f. implementation Approach and StructureNiue’s JNAP is developed as a three year program, aiming to encapsulate actions and activities relating to CCA and DRM that have not yet been actioned under existing policies and plans – i.e. it aims to address gaps regarding vulnerability and resilience rather than be a comprehensive plan for DRM and CCA. The JNAP does not include actions from projects already funded, for example the PACC project, the iWRM or the National Communications projects, given these initiatives are well underway and fully resourced.

The JNAP aims to bring together relevant CCA and DRM activities to ensure a coordinated and collaborative approach, and one in which includes indicative costs to allow external assistance to be readily provided. it provides the GoN with a key document which provides leverage with donors, as the consultative, whole-of-government approach to development of the JNAP fulfils many donor requirements when providing development support.

The implementation arrangements have been developed in consultation with the JNAP Committee comprising representatives of the major sectors within Government. it is intended that the JNAP Committee leads the implementation and coordination effort and monitoring, evaluation and reporting of progress.

Given the prior existence of several committees relating to specific projects (PACC, iWRM, National Communications), a new committee is to be established to incorporate the work of all DRM and climate change related initiatives and concerns. The new committee will drive inter-sectoral and ministerial coordination on DRM and climate change activities and initiatives. The new National Climate Change and DRM Committee will provide guidance for the JNAP and also oversee the specific unit established to coordinate JNAP activities (see below).


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A key role of the Committee is monitoring and evaluation of the JNAP, and ensuring progress against the prioritised activities is achieved. it is also expected that the National Committee will participate in advocacy of the JNAP with development partners and donors, with the aim to secure funding and technical assistance (TA) to implement JNAP actions.

The National Climate Change and DRM Committee will include the following members with roles as follows (note: this is to be confirmed by JNAP Steering Committee):

Figure 2. Seasonal rainfall and temperature at Hanan Airport (Source: PCCSP, 2011).

Director; Department of Environment: Secretariat

Provide updates on PACC and other relevant projects

Director; Department of Meteorology and Climate Change

Provide updates on National Communications

Director; Department of Public Works

Provide updates on IWRM and other relevant projects

Chief of Police

Provide updates on DM and response issues

SECRETARy OF GOVERNMENT

Figure 7. Composition of proposed JNAP Unit.

Coordination Role

Technical Role

Admin Role

JNAP Unit

A JNAP Unit will also be established to provide technical and coordination support to ensure each sector is able to undertake specified activities. To ensure efficient implementation in the short term, the current PACC coordinator will assume the role as JNAP focal point prior to the establishment of the JNAP committee, given existing skills in coordination and M&E.

it is not the role of the JNAP Unit to implement JNAP activities: this is to be done by relevant sectors. The JNAP Unit will be situated within the Department of Environment and provide feedback to the National Committee (described above) on capacity and needs regarding the JNAP activities. The establishment of the JNAP Unit does not deflect the need for mainstreaming of DRM and CC into national budgetary and planning processes. it is but one step towards achieving this.

The makeup of the JNAP Unit will be as follows:


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Figure 8. overall coordination and implementation of JNAP [Note: connecting lines represent communication and dialogue rather than lines of reporting]

Proposed overall coordination and implementation of the JNAP is provided below.

Cabinet

JNAP Unit

Sectors

Communities

Community and Church Groups

Technical support and coordination for JNAP

implementation

Project Management Unit

CCA and DRM Development Partners

National Climate Change and DRM

Committee

Oversee JNAP coordination and M&E in line with related initiatives for effective collaboration

National mandate for disaster response

Funding and TA support for JNAP implementation

National Disaster Council

Roles and responsibilities for each stakeholder are described below.

Stakeholder Group Roles and Responsibilities

Cabinet High level oversight when needed

National Climate Change DRM Committee

[To be refined with development of ToR]

• Ensure overall coordination of all climate change and DRM activities at a national level with regular meetings

• overall oversight of JNAP coordination and ensure JNAP aims and objectives are aligned with and complementary to other related projects (e.g. PACC, iWRM, National Communications)

• Communicate as necessary with NDC regarding DM initiatives

JNAP Unit • Provide technical assistance and coordination to sectors involved in implementing JNAP activities

• Provide National Committee with reporting and M&E updates from sectors as required

• Continually advocate for DRMand CC within sectors

• Liaise with donors and development partners through mechanisms established by the Government like the PMU


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National Disaster Council • Ensure disaster preparedness and response initiatives are aligned with JNAP activities

CCA and DRM Development Partners

• SPC/SoPAC: inform members of the DRM Partnership Network of the JNAP and implementation programme

• SPREP: inform members of the Pacific Climate Change Roundtable of the JNAP and maintain contact with National Committee and provide or facilitation provision of TA when required

Ministries and Departments • implement JNAP activities as per the implementation matrix, including integration of JNAP activities into Corporate and Annual Plans

• Maintain regular reporting of progress of JNAP activities

• Provide updates to JNAP Unit and National Committee as required

Community and Church Groups

• Support implementation of JNAP activities

• Provide feedback to assist M&E

Communities • Support implementation of JNAP activities

• Provide feedback to assist M&E

g. Financing StrategyThe indicative costing provided in Section 4e provides the basis for effective national coordination and external assistance to target priority sectors relating to DRM and CCA in Niue. The The costs reflect the inputs required to implement actions identified in the implementation strategy. These include capacity (staff, consultancies, in-kind support from technical agencies), consultations with stakeholders , equipment and institutional arrangements as needed.

Specific funding facilitiesExamples of potential sources of funding in the Pacific region for DRM and climate change activities include:

• AusAiD NAP Facility

o AUD$2.265 million for PiCs

• EDF 9 ACP-EU Natural Disaster Facility

o €1.868 million for PiCs

• EDF 10 ACP-EU Natural Disaster Facility

o €20 million for PiCs

• EU Energy Facility

o €9 million for PiCs

• World Bank Global Facility for Disaster Reduction & Recovery (GFDRR)

o €11.8 million over 5 years from 2012 for PiCs

h. Communications StrategyWidespread communication of the importance and relevance of the JNAP to all stakeholders (including nationally, regionally and internationally, particularly to donors) is critical to the success of the initiative. At the national scale, communicating the reasoning behind the JNAP may achieve a change in attitudes and practices relating to the impacts of climate change and the risks posed by natural hazards and disasters.


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The JNAP Task Force will develop a comprehensive communication strategy following the Cabinet approval of the JNAP. it is recognised, however, that as the implementation of the JNAP commences some communication and awareness will need to be undertaken. This will foreshadow the main communications strategy that will be developed.

Some of the considerations the communications strategy will cover include:

• Ensuring that Cabinet and key government sectors such as the Project Management Unit (PMU) are regularly updated on JNAP implementation progress

• Strengthening communication linkages with Village Councils in order to facilitate the communication of the JNAP to village communities

• Maximising the use of free-to-air broadcasts on radio and television

• Utilising specialist public relations expertise to help define and develop awareness campaigns and associated material

• Using the networks provided through church and affiliated groups to ensure wide dissemination of information

i. Monitoring and EvaluationThe ongoing task of monitoring and evaluation (M&E) will fall under the responsibility of the National Climate Change and DRM Committee as noted above. However, it is also important for each sector to maintain up to date in reporting on JNAP activities as they are implemented – the JNAP Unit will assist sectors in undertaking this task. This should include compiling lessons learned as JNAP activities are implemented across the range of sectors.

in addition to JNAP M&E, it is expected that the National Climate Change and DRM Committee will contribute to project reports and oversee M&E for:

• Pacific Disaster Risk Reduction and Disaster Management Framework for Action 2005-2015

• Pacific islands Framework for Action on Climate Change (PiFACC)

• Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015

• UNFCCC National Communications

Support from regional organisations will be provided to the National Committee in fulfilling regional and global reporting obligations.


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Implementation Matrix

Section 5


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a. Structure of implementation MatrixThe JNAP matrix builds upon the seven goals listed in Section 3b. Each goal is accompanied an outcome, which describes the change that is expected to take place as a result of the objectives, actions and outputs listed under each goal. The JNAP matrix is divided into the following column headings:

• Objectives: for each of the five broad goals. Taken together, a collection of objectives can be thought of as the strategy to be used to achieve the higher-order goal.

• Actions & Sub-Actions: an unpacking of each objective into a collection of strategic and/or specific actions

• Outputs: the tangible products of the completed actions that will collectively lead to the achievement of the higher-order outcome.

• Indicators: means of monitoring and evaluating progress of each output.

• Responsible agency: The agency that has been nominated to take the leading role in ensuring that a specified objective and its actions are implemented.


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Tabl

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and

dis

aste

r ris

k re

duct

ion

mai

nstr

eam

ing

and

the

use

of m

ains

trea

min

g to

ols

Enh

ance

d ca

paci

ty o

f pol

icy

mak

ers

to d

raw

up

on m

ains

trea

min

g to

ols

to e

ffect

ivel

y m

ains

trea

m c

limat

e ch

ange

and

DR

R/D

RM

w

here

app

ropr

iate

Num

ber

of s

taff

from

eac

h ke

y se

ctor

resp

onsi

ble

for

DR

M/

CC

A th

at s

ucce

ssfu

lly c

ompl

eted

m

ains

trea

min

g tr

aini

ng

Env

ironm

ent,

Met

eoro

logy

, E

cono

mic

s, P

olic

y an

d P

lann

ing,

PW

D, N

iue

Pow

er

Rev

iew

regu

latio

ns fo

r de

velo

pmen

t con

sent

suc

h as

the

inte

grat

ed E

nviro

nmen

tal i

mpa

ct

Ass

essm

ent t

o in

corp

orat

e di

sast

er a

nd c

limat

e ch

ange

co

nsid

erat

ions

Dev

elop

men

t con

sent

regu

latio

ns in

corp

orat

e D

RM

and

clim

ate

chan

gein

tegr

ated

EiA

exp

licitl

y fe

atur

es

DR

M a

nd C

CA

Env

ironm

ent,

Cro

wn

Law

1.1.

2 B

uild

str

ong

co

nsul

tativ

e an

d

par

ticip

ato

ry c

om

mun

ity a

pp

roac

h (in

clud

ing

Vill

age

Co

unci

ls, N

GO

, C

ivil

So

ciet

y an

d p

riva

te s

ecto

r)

in c

limat

e ch

ang

e ad

apta

tion,

m

itig

atio

n an

d d

isas

ter

risk

re

duc

tion

pla

nnin

g, i

mp

lem

enta

tion

and

mo

nito

ring

and

eva

luat

ion.

Dev

elop

pol

icy,

gui

delin

es a

nd

prog

ram

s fo

r st

rong

com

mun

ity

enga

gem

ent i

n ad

dres

sing

cl

imat

e ch

ange

ada

ptat

ion,

m

itiga

tion

and

disa

ster

ris

k re

duct

ion

Gui

delin

es fo

r co

mm

unity

eng

agem

ent

deve

lope

d an

d ut

ilised

Loca

l com

mun

ity g

roup

s m

ore

activ

e in

loca

l-lev

el r

isk

man

agem

ent

JNA

P U

nit,

Com

mun

ity

Affa

irs, E

nviro

nmen

t, P

WD

, DA

FF, H

ealth

, P

olic

e, T

aoga

Niu

e


SECTioN 1

30

Str

ateg

ic O

bje

ctiv

e 1.

2 E

stab

lish

an e

ffec

tive

reg

ulat

ory

and

inst

itutio

nal f

ram

ewo

rk t

o f

acili

tate

the

dev

elo

pm

ent

and

imp

lem

enta

tion

of

natio

nal r

esp

ons

es

AC

TIO

NS

SU

B-A

CT

ION

SO

UT

CO

ME

SIN

DIC

ATO

RS

RE

SP

ON

SIB

LE A

GE

NC

y

1.2.

1 E

stab

lish

a S

teer

ing

Co

mm

ittee

to

co

ord

inat

e C

CA

and

DR

R a

ctiv

ities

an

d t

o o

vers

ee t

he J

NA

P u

nit

SoG

to d

iscu

ss a

nd fo

rmal

ise

new

DR

R a

nd C

CA

com

mitt

ee,

chai

red

by E

nviro

nmen

t, w

hich

co

ordi

nate

s JN

AP,

PA

CC

, iW

RM

an

d N

atio

nal C

omm

unic

atio

ns

with

PW

D, M

et, P

olic

e an

d E

nviro

nmen

t

Fina

lised

Ste

erin

g C

omm

ittee

str

uctu

re

deve

lope

d an

d ap

prov

edFu

lly fu

nctio

ning

Ste

erin

g C

omm

ittee

SoG

[PW

D, M

et, P

olic

e an

d E

nv]

Rev

iew

the

Env

ironm

ent a

nd

Dis

aste

r A

cts

(incl

udin

g ot

her

rele

vant

legi

slat

ions

) and

thei

r m

anda

ted

com

mitt

ees

to p

rovi

de

guid

ance

on

stre

amlin

ing

the

coor

dina

tion

of c

limat

e ch

ange

ad

apta

tion

and

disa

ster

ris

k re

duct

ion

Rev

isio

n of

Env

ironm

ent o

f Dis

aste

r A

cts

to

prov

ide

reco

mm

enda

tions

for

coor

dina

ted

appr

oach

to D

RM

and

CC

A v

ia

stre

amlin

ed c

omm

ittee

s

All

com

mitt

ees

conc

erne

d w

ith

DR

M a

nd C

CA

are

str

eam

lined

and

co

ordi

nate

d

ND

C w

ith c

o-op

ted

mem

bers

, Cro

wn

Law

, E

nviro

nmen

t, M

eteo

rolo

gy

Dev

elop

a p

olic

y pa

per

and

seek

C

abin

et a

ppro

val b

ased

on

the

reco

mm

enda

tions

of t

he re

view

. [fa

cilit

ate

adm

inis

trat

ion;

fund

ing

coor

dina

tion

Pol

icy

pape

r de

velo

ped

and

Cab

inet

app

rova

l so

ught

Cab

inet

app

rova

l of S

teer

ing

Com

mitt

ee a

nd s

usta

ined

sup

port

fo

r JN

AP

ND

C w

ith c

o-op

ted

mem

bers

, Cro

wn

Law

, E

nviro

nmen

t, M

eteo

rolo

gy

1.2.

2 E

stab

lish

and

fun

d a

JN

AP

U

nit

with

in t

he D

epar

tmen

t o

f E

nviro

nmen

t to

co

ord

inat

e an

d

mo

nito

r JN

AP

imp

lem

enta

tion

and

pro

vid

e se

cret

aria

t su

pp

ort

to

ab

ove

Co

mm

ittee

(1.3

.2)

Dev

elop

and

sub

mit

a pr

opos

al

to fu

nd th

e JN

AP

Uni

t for

the

first

3

year

s.

JNA

P U

nit w

ith th

ree

staf

f fun

ded

for

1st th

ree

year

sJN

AP

Uni

t est

ablis

hed

Env

ironm

ent,

Trea

sury

Env

ironm

ent

Doc

umen

t les

sons

lear

ned

and

best

pra

ctic

esJN

AP

Uni

t mai

ntai

ns L

esso

ns L

earn

ed

docu

men

tatio

n ba

sed

on J

NA

P im

plem

enta

tion

Act

iviti

es d

raw

from

Les

sons

Le

arne

d do

cum

enta

tion

JNA

P U

nit

1.2.

3 In

corp

ora

te d

isas

ter

red

uctio

n an

d

clim

ate

chan

ge

cons

ider

atio

ns in

to

Niu

e’s

Nat

iona

l Bui

ldin

g C

od

e

Dev

elop

a T

oR fo

r th

e re

view

of

the

Bui

ldin

g C

ode

incl

udin

g co

mpl

ianc

e an

d en

forc

emen

t

Bui

ldin

g C

ode

revi

ew s

cope

d an

d ca

rrie

d ou

t w

ith re

com

men

datio

ns in

clud

edC

ompl

etio

n of

Bui

ldin

g C

ode

Rev

iew

PW

D (b

uild

ing,

wat

er),

Hea

lth

Str

engt

hen

in-c

ount

ry c

apac

ity

on th

e us

e an

d ap

plic

atio

n of

the

build

ing

code

s

Str

ong

natio

nal c

apac

ity fo

r un

dert

akin

g bu

ildin

g in

spec

tions

via

trai

ning

and

sc

hola

rshi

ps

Num

ber

of b

uild

ing

insp

ecto

rs

part

icip

atin

g in

trai

ning

PW

D, H

ealth

, loc

al

build

ers

and

cont

ract

ors


SECTioN 1

31

Str

ateg

ic O

bje

ctiv

e 1.

2 E

stab

lish

an e

ffec

tive

reg

ulat

ory

and

inst

itutio

nal f

ram

ewo

rk t

o f

acili

tate

the

dev

elo

pm

ent

and

imp

lem

enta

tion

of

natio

nal r

esp

ons

es

AC

TIO

NS

SU

B-A

CT

ION

SO

UT

CO

ME

SIN

DIC

ATO

RS

RE

SP

ON

SIB

LE A

GE

NC

y

1.2.

1 E

stab

lish

a S

teer

ing

Co

mm

ittee

to

co

ord

inat

e C

CA

and

DR

R a

ctiv

ities

an

d t

o o

vers

ee t

he J

NA

P u

nit

SoG

to d

iscu

ss a

nd fo

rmal

ise

new

DR

R a

nd C

CA

com

mitt

ee,

chai

red

by E

nviro

nmen

t, w

hich

co

ordi

nate

s JN

AP,

PA

CC

, iW

RM

an

d N

atio

nal C

omm

unic

atio

ns

with

PW

D, M

et, P

olic

e an

d E

nviro

nmen

t

Fina

lised

Ste

erin

g C

omm

ittee

str

uctu

re

deve

lope

d an

d ap

prov

edFu

lly fu

nctio

ning

Ste

erin

g C

omm

ittee

SoG

[PW

D, M

et, P

olic

e an

d E

nv]

Rev

iew

the

Env

ironm

ent a

nd

Dis

aste

r A

cts

(incl

udin

g ot

her

rele

vant

legi

slat

ions

) and

thei

r m

anda

ted

com

mitt

ees

to p

rovi

de

guid

ance

on

stre

amlin

ing

the

coor

dina

tion

of c

limat

e ch

ange

ad

apta

tion

and

disa

ster

ris

k re

duct

ion

Rev

isio

n of

Env

ironm

ent o

f Dis

aste

r A

cts

to

prov

ide

reco

mm

enda

tions

for

coor

dina

ted

appr

oach

to D

RM

and

CC

A v

ia

stre

amlin

ed c

omm

ittee

s

All

com

mitt

ees

conc

erne

d w

ith

DR

M a

nd C

CA

are

str

eam

lined

and

co

ordi

nate

d

ND

C w

ith c

o-op

ted

mem

bers

, Cro

wn

Law

, E

nviro

nmen

t, M

eteo

rolo

gy

Dev

elop

a p

olic

y pa

per

and

seek

C

abin

et a

ppro

val b

ased

on

the

reco

mm

enda

tions

of t

he re

view

. [fa

cilit

ate

adm

inis

trat

ion;

fund

ing

coor

dina

tion

Pol

icy

pape

r de

velo

ped

and

Cab

inet

app

rova

l so

ught

Cab

inet

app

rova

l of S

teer

ing

Com

mitt

ee a

nd s

usta

ined

sup

port

fo

r JN

AP

ND

C w

ith c

o-op

ted

mem

bers

, Cro

wn

Law

, E

nviro

nmen

t, M

eteo

rolo

gy

1.2.

2 E

stab

lish

and

fun

d a

JN

AP

U

nit

with

in t

he D

epar

tmen

t o

f E

nviro

nmen

t to

co

ord

inat

e an

d

mo

nito

r JN

AP

imp

lem

enta

tion

and

pro

vid

e se

cret

aria

t su

pp

ort

to

ab

ove

Co

mm

ittee

(1.3

.2)

Dev

elop

and

sub

mit

a pr

opos

al

to fu

nd th

e JN

AP

Uni

t for

the

first

3

year

s.

JNA

P U

nit w

ith th

ree

staf

f fun

ded

for

1st th

ree

year

sJN

AP

Uni

t est

ablis

hed

Env

ironm

ent,

Trea

sury

Env

ironm

ent

Doc

umen

t les

sons

lear

ned

and

best

pra

ctic

esJN

AP

Uni

t mai

ntai

ns L

esso

ns L

earn

ed

docu

men

tatio

n ba

sed

on J

NA

P im

plem

enta

tion

Act

iviti

es d

raw

from

Les

sons

Le

arne

d do

cum

enta

tion

JNA

P U

nit

1.2.

3 In

corp

ora

te d

isas

ter

red

uctio

n an

d

clim

ate

chan

ge

cons

ider

atio

ns in

to

Niu

e’s

Nat

iona

l Bui

ldin

g C

od

e

Dev

elop

a T

oR fo

r th

e re

view

of

the

Bui

ldin

g C

ode

incl

udin

g co

mpl

ianc

e an

d en

forc

emen

t

Bui

ldin

g C

ode

revi

ew s

cope

d an

d ca

rrie

d ou

t w

ith re

com

men

datio

ns in

clud

edC

ompl

etio

n of

Bui

ldin

g C

ode

Rev

iew

PW

D (b

uild

ing,

wat

er),

Hea

lth

Str

engt

hen

in-c

ount

ry c

apac

ity

on th

e us

e an

d ap

plic

atio

n of

the

build

ing

code

s

Str

ong

natio

nal c

apac

ity fo

r un

dert

akin

g bu

ildin

g in

spec

tions

via

trai

ning

and

sc

hola

rshi

ps

Num

ber

of b

uild

ing

insp

ecto

rs

part

icip

atin

g in

trai

ning

PW

D, H

ealth

, loc

al

build

ers

and

cont

ract

ors

1.2.

4 D

evel

op

an

inte

gra

ted

ris

k b

ased

ap

pro

ach

to la

nd u

se a

nd

dev

elo

pm

ent

Enf

orce

EiA

regu

latio

n fo

r gu

idin

g d

evel

opm

ent a

nd

land

use

pra

ctic

es to

incl

udin

g

deve

lopm

ent o

f crit

ical

in

frast

ruct

ure

on c

oast

al a

reas

[C

ompl

ianc

e an

d E

nfor

cem

ent]

Dev

elop

men

t of a

gui

debo

ok o

n th

e E

iA

regu

latio

n (a

lso

tran

slat

ed in

to V

agah

au N

iue)

an

d lin

king

of E

iA re

gula

tion

to in

vest

men

t an

d de

velo

pmen

t und

er th

e E

cono

mic

and

P

lann

ing

Uni

t

Env

ironm

ent i

mpa

cts

from

de

velo

pmen

t act

iviti

es a

re

min

imis

ed

Env

ironm

ent,

Cro

wn

Law

, E

cono

mic

Pla

nnin

g,

Und

erta

ke c

ost-

bene

fit a

naly

sis

of v

ario

us a

dapt

atio

n an

d di

sast

er

risk

redu

ctio

n op

tions

. [P

ract

ice

adap

tatio

n or

ris

k re

duct

ion]

Cos

t ben

efit a

naly

sis

unde

rtak

en o

f ada

ptat

ion/

risk

redu

ctio

n in

oN

E s

ecto

r ie

Tao

ga N

iue,

W

ater

with

the

deve

lopm

ent o

f doc

umen

tatio

n to

sup

port

EiA

regu

latio

n an

d B

uild

ing

Cod

e en

forc

emen

t

Cos

t effe

ctiv

e ad

apta

tion

initi

ativ

es

purs

ued

JNA

P, P

AC

C, P

WD

iden

tify

and

prom

ote

use

of

appr

opria

te to

ols

to s

uppo

rt r

isk

asse

ssm

ents

[Coa

stal

Haz

ard

Map

ping

, GiS

, veg

etat

ion

map

ping

etc

]

App

ropr

iate

ris

k as

sess

men

t too

ls u

sed

wid

ely

in D

RM

and

CC

A re

late

d pr

ojec

tsP

ropo

rtio

n of

upt

ake

of r

isk

asse

ssm

ent t

ools

acr

oss

sect

ors

DJL

S, E

nviro

nmen

t, D

AFF

, P

WD

(wat

er),

Hea

lth

(mon

itorin

g),

Str

ateg

ic O

bje

ctiv

e 1.

3 S

tren

gth

en p

artn

ersh

ips

and

co

llab

ora

tions

with

nat

iona

l, re

gio

nal a

nd in

tern

atio

nal o

rgan

isat

ions

AC

TIO

NS

SU

B-A

CT

ION

SO

UT

CO

ME

SIN

DIC

ATO

RS

RE

SP

ON

SIB

LE A

GE

NC

y

1.3.

1 B

uild

nat

iona

l and

loca

l cap

acity

to

acc

ess

exte

rnal

fun

din

g

mec

hani

sms

Pro

vide

app

ropr

iate

trai

ning

for

key

pers

onne

l in:

•ne

gotia

tions

for

clim

ate

chan

ge in

clud

ing

regi

onal

and

gl

obal

dis

aste

r pl

atfo

rms

•G

rant

and

pro

posa

l writ

ing

to

acce

ss fu

nds

such

as

GE

F,

ED

F

•Tr

aini

ng fo

r w

ritin

g pr

opos

al

for

Sm

all G

rant

s P

rogr

amm

e

Nat

iona

l sta

ff ha

ve in

crea

sed

capa

city

in

clim

ate

chan

ge n

egot

iatio

ns a

nd g

rant

writ

ing

for

vario

us fu

ndin

g sc

hem

es

Num

ber

of s

taff

from

eac

h ke

y se

ctor

s th

at s

ucce

ssfu

lly c

ompl

eted

tr

aini

ng

Num

ber

of s

ucce

ssfu

l gra

nt

appl

icat

ions

Ext

erna

l Affa

irs -

Pro

ject

M

anag

emen

t Uni

t E

nviro

nmen

t, M

eteo

rolo

gy,

DA

FF, P

WD

, Niu

e P

ower


SECTioN 1

32

Go

al 2

: Str

ong

pub

lic a

war

enes

s an

d im

pro

ved

und

erst

and

ing

of

the

caus

es a

nd e

ffec

ts o

f cl

imat

e ch

ang

e, c

limat

e va

riab

ility

and

dis

aste

rs

Str

ateg

ic O

bje

ctiv

e 2.

1 S

tren

gth

en a

nd c

oo

rdin

ate

pub

lic a

war

enes

s ca

mp

aig

ns t

hro

ugh

educ

atio

nal a

nd p

rom

otio

nal p

rog

ram

s an

d p

artn

ersh

ips

such

as

pub

lic s

emin

ars,

wo

rksh

op

s an

d

trai

ning

, inc

lud

ing

thr

oug

h th

e us

e o

f m

ulti-

med

ia a

nd n

atio

nal p

artn

ersh

ips

with

NG

Os

and

the

pri

vate

sec

tor

AC

TIO

NS

SU

B-A

CT

ION

SO

UT

CO

ME

SIN

DIC

ATO

RS

RE

SP

ON

SIB

LE A

GE

NC

y

2.1

.1

Inte

gra

te t

rad

itio

nal

kno

wle

dg

e in

teg

rate

d in

CC

A

and

DR

M

Doc

umen

t and

sha

re tr

aditi

onal

pr

actis

es re

gard

ing

crop

pro

duct

ion,

fo

rest

ry a

nd fi

sher

ies

man

agem

ent,

clim

ate

fore

cast

ing

and

wat

er to

sh

are

how

thes

e le

nd to

cop

ing

mec

hani

sms

for

clim

ate

varia

bilit

y an

d ex

trem

e ev

ents

Niu

eans

hav

e en

hanc

ed u

nder

stan

ding

of

trad

ition

al p

ract

ices

Pro

port

ion

of u

ptak

e of

tr

aditi

onal

pra

ctic

es re

latin

g to

ag

ricul

ture

, for

estr

y an

d w

ater

m

anag

emen

t

JNA

P U

nit,

Taog

a N

iue,

DA

FF,

Env

ironm

ent,

Edu

catio

n

Niu

e C

ultu

ral M

appi

ng

Map

ping

of o

ld v

illage

set

tlem

ents

incl

udin

g ph

ysic

al s

ites,

orig

ins,

nam

es a

nd s

torie

s,

cultu

ral p

ract

ises

Str

ong

know

ledg

e of

pas

t cu

lture

am

ongs

t Niu

ean

popu

latio

n

Taog

a N

iue

Con

sult

with

sec

tors

to id

entif

y ap

prop

riate

mec

hani

sms

for

inte

grat

ing

trad

ition

al k

now

ledg

e in

to

DR

M/C

CA

at t

he a

ppro

pria

te le

vel

Sec

tors

hav

e in

tegr

ated

trad

ition

al p

ract

ices

re

latin

g to

DR

M/C

CA

Pro

port

ion

of s

ecto

rs

with

DR

M/C

CA

trad

ition

al

know

ledg

e in

tegr

ated

into

ac

tiviti

es

Env

ironm

ent,

Taog

a N

iue,

DA

FF,

Com

mun

ity A

ffairs

2.1.

2 E

stab

lish

a p

latf

orm

to

sha

re

less

ons

lear

ned

and

bes

t p

ract

ices

Rev

iew

Tao

ga N

iue

and

BC

N’s

ca

paci

ty to

coo

rdin

ate

initi

ativ

es th

at

supp

ort k

now

ledg

e m

anag

emen

t and

im

plem

ent r

ecom

men

datio

ns o

f the

re

view

Enh

ance

d ca

paci

ty fo

r kn

owle

dge

man

agem

ent

Rec

omm

enda

tions

from

re

view

lead

to e

nhan

ced

capa

city

of B

CN

and

Tao

ga

Niu

e

Taog

a N

iue,

BC

N

Sha

re n

atio

nally

, reg

iona

lly a

nd

glob

ally

thro

ugh

appr

opria

te

mec

hani

sms

such

as

the

Ada

ptat

ion

Lear

ning

Mec

hani

sm (A

LM),

SiD

SN

ET

Str

engt

hene

d aw

aren

ess

of N

iue’

s le

sson

s le

arne

d an

d be

st p

ract

ice

Niu

e m

ater

ial p

rese

nt

on a

ppro

pria

te fo

rum

s /

mec

hani

sms

Taog

a N

iue,

BC

N


SECTioN 1

33

Str

ateg

ic O

bje

ctiv

e 2.

2 D

evel

op

and

imp

lem

ent

a co

mm

unic

atio

ns s

trat

egy

AC

TIO

NS

SU

B-A

CT

ION

SO

UT

CO

ME

SIN

DIC

ATO

RS

RE

SP

ON

SIB

LE A

GE

NC

y

2.2.

1 D

evel

op

and

imp

lem

ent

an

effe

ctiv

e C

om

mun

icat

ions

S

trat

egy

cons

olid

atin

g

out

put

s an

d o

utco

mes

o

f C

CA

and

DR

M r

elat

ed

initi

ativ

es

Dev

elop

To

R fo

r th

e C

omm

unic

atio

ns

Str

ateg

y an

d re

crui

t a T

A

Adv

ertis

ed T

oR

lead

s to

TA

recr

uitm

ent

TA re

crui

ted

Dev

elop

the

Com

mun

icat

ions

S

trat

egy,

not

ing

iWR

M a

nd

PAC

C C

omm

s S

trat

egy

2009

, in

colla

bora

tion

with

key

age

ncie

s fo

cusi

ng o

n pr

oduc

ing

outp

uts

with

key

mes

sage

s fo

r a)

Tec

hnic

al

audi

ence

b) C

omm

unity

focu

s an

d c)

P

arlia

men

taria

ns, d

ecis

ion

mak

ers

and

polic

y ad

vise

rs a

nd tr

ansl

atio

n in

to

Vaga

hau

Niu

ean

Effe

ctiv

e C

omm

unic

atio

ns S

trat

egy

deve

lope

d w

ith a

wel

l-inf

orm

ed p

ublic

Str

ong

upta

ke o

f C

omm

unic

atio

ns S

trat

egy

Env

ironm

ent;

JNA

P U

nit,

Bro

adca

stin

g C

orpo

ratio

n of

Niu

e (B

CN

), E

duca

tion,

Met

eoro

logy

Pro

duce

rele

vant

mul

timed

ia m

ater

ials

w

ith k

ey m

essa

ges

on C

CA

and

DR

M

targ

eted

at t

arge

ted

audi

ence

s

Targ

et a

udie

nces

wel

l inf

orm

ed o

f CC

A a

nd

DR

M v

ia m

ulti-

med

ia m

ater

ials

Str

ong

upta

ke o

f mul

ti-m

edia

m

ater

ials

Env

ironm

ent,

BC

N


SECTioN 1

34

Str

ateg

ic O

bje

ctiv

e 2.

3 In

corp

ora

te c

limat

e ch

ang

e ad

voca

cy in

to s

cho

ol c

urri

cula

, as

app

rop

riat

e

AC

TIO

NS

SU

B-A

CT

ION

SO

UT

CO

ME

SIN

DIC

ATO

RS

RE

SP

ON

SIB

LE A

GE

NC

y

2.3.

1 In

clud

e d

isas

ter

risk

m

anag

emen

t an

d c

limat

e ch

ang

e ad

apta

tion

in S

cho

ol

curr

icul

a

Rev

iew

cur

rent

cur

ricul

a to

inte

grat

e C

CA

& D

RM

with

gui

danc

e fro

m th

e C

urric

ulum

Dev

elop

men

t Tas

k Fo

rce.

C

onsu

ltant

to d

evel

op o

utpu

ts th

at

incl

ude:

•R

esou

rces

for

teac

hers

and

st

uden

ts a

dapt

ed to

the

Niu

e co

ntex

t. Th

ese

shou

ld in

clud

e bu

t no

t be

limite

d to

tem

plat

e le

sson

pl

ans

for

teac

hers

inco

rpor

atin

g D

RM

and

CC

A in

to e

xist

ing

curr

icul

a to

ass

ist i

n th

e de

liver

y of

the

mod

ules

, wor

kboo

ks fo

r te

ache

rs, t

each

ing

mat

eria

ls a

nd

prog

ram

mes

for

scho

ols

•Tr

aini

ng o

f Tea

cher

s in

del

iver

ing

DR

M/C

CA

mod

ules

•Tr

ial o

f the

mod

ules

bei

ng

deliv

ered

by

trai

ned

teac

hers

and

as

sess

men

t in

scho

ols

with

futu

re

prog

ram

impr

ovem

ent

Cur

ricul

a in

tegr

ates

DR

M a

nd C

CA

Stu

dent

s ar

e aw

are

of C

CA

an

d D

RM

issu

es in

Niu

eC

urric

ulum

Dev

elop

men

t Tas

k Fo

rce

- E

duca

tion,

Env

ironm

ent,

Met

eoro

logy

, ND

Mo

Dev

elop

Tra

inin

g m

ater

ials

, sch

ool

prog

ram

mes

, com

mun

ity a

war

enes

s pr

ogra

mm

es a

nd c

urric

ula

inco

rpor

atin

g cl

imat

e ch

ange

issu

es

Bro

ad to

olki

t ava

ilabl

e fo

r in

corp

orat

ion

of

CC

AP

ublis

hed

tool

kit

Edu

catio

n, E

nviro

nmen

t

Mon

itorin

g an

d E

valu

atio

n of

Tra

inin

g of

teac

hers

and

stu

dent

s co

ntin

ued

and

furt

her

enha

nced

mat

eria

ls

thro

ugh

food

sec

urity

-rel

ated

ad

apta

tion

expe

rienc

e. S

ecto

ral C

CA

&

DR

M in

itiat

ive.

M&

E s

uppo

rts

cont

inuo

us im

prov

emen

t of

teac

hers

and

mat

eria

lso

ngoi

ng im

prov

emen

t of

educ

atio

nal p

rodu

cts

and

prac

tices

rela

ting

to D

RM

and

C

CA

Edu

catio

n, D

AFF

& o

ther

sec

tors


SECTioN 1

35

Str

ateg

ic O

bje

ctiv

e 2.

4 F

acili

tate

eff

ectiv

e co

ord

inat

ion

and

dis

sem

inat

ion

of

spec

ial c

limat

e ch

ang

e p

rom

otio

nal r

eso

urce

s an

d p

rog

ram

s fo

r b

ette

r un

der

stan

din

g o

f co

ncep

ts s

uch

as

adap

tatio

n, m

itig

atio

n, R

ED

D, c

arb

on

trad

ing

, CD

M, g

reen

gro

wth

, IW

RM

, PA

CC

AC

TIO

NS

SU

B-A

CT

ION

SO

UT

CO

ME

SIN

DIC

ATO

RS

RE

SP

ON

SIB

LE A

GE

NC

y

2.4.

1 D

istr

ibut

e 2nd

Nat

iona

l C

om

mun

icat

ions

Rep

ort

R

aise

the

awar

enes

s on

the

2nd

Nat

iona

l Com

mun

icat

ions

Rep

ort o

n C

C

Wid

e di

strib

utio

n of

SN

CP

ropo

rtio

n of

gov

ernm

ent

and

com

mun

ity m

embe

rs

know

ledg

e of

SN

C

Met

eoro

logy

/Clim

ate

Cha

nge

Pro

ject

, Env

ironm

ent,

Con

duct

a s

tock

take

of C

CA

in

itiat

ives

and

repo

rt o

n pr

ogre

ss o

f im

plem

enta

tion

with

a v

iew

that

this

w

ill fo

rm th

e ba

sis

of 3

rd N

atio

nal

Com

mun

icat

ions

Rep

orts

and

oth

er

repo

rtin

g re

quire

men

ts

Str

ong

unde

rsta

ndin

g of

CC

A in

itiat

ives

in

Niu

e ac

ross

all

sect

ors

Upd

ated

sto

ckta

ke o

f CC

A

initi

ativ

es c

ompl

ied

JNA

P U

nit,

Met

eoro

logy

, E

nviro

nmen

t

2.4.

2 D

evel

op

3rd

Nat

iona

l C

om

mun

icat

ions

Rep

ort

Wid

er s

take

hold

er c

onsu

ltatio

n in

the

deve

lopm

ent a

nd re

view

of t

he 3

rd

Nat

iona

l Com

mun

icat

ions

Rep

ort o

n C

C

Str

ong

natio

nal s

uppo

rt fo

r 3rd

Nat

iona

l C

omm

unic

atio

ns b

ased

on

good

un

ders

tand

ing

of it

s us

es

Num

ber

of s

take

hold

ers

effe

ctiv

ely

cons

ulte

dM

eteo

rolo

gy

Use

the

stoc

ktak

e to

ass

ess

prog

ress

mad

e fro

m 2

nd N

atio

nal

Com

mun

icat

ion

3rd N

atio

nal C

omm

unic

atio

ns p

rogr

esse

s w

ith th

e us

e of

the

stoc

ktak

eS

tock

take

incl

uded

in 3

rd

Nat

iona

l Com

mun

icat

ions

Met

eoro

logy

, Env

ironm

ent


SECTioN 1

36

Go

al 3

: Str

eng

then

ed l

ivel

iho

od

s, c

om

mun

ity r

esili

ence

nat

ural

res

our

ces

and

ass

ets

Str

ateg

ic O

bje

ctiv

e 3.

1 S

tren

gth

en c

om

mun

ity c

apac

ity t

o c

op

e w

ith p

ote

ntia

l clim

ate

chan

ge

and

dis

aste

r im

pac

ts

AC

TIO

NS

SU

B-A

CT

ION

SO

UT

CO

ME

SIN

DIC

ATO

RS

RE

SP

ON

SIB

LE A

GE

NC

y

3.1.

1 S

tren

gth

en c

om

mun

ity-b

ased

d

isas

ter

risk

man

agem

ent

and

cl

imat

e ch

ang

e ad

apta

tion

pro

gra

mm

es

Dev

elop

Com

mun

ity R

isk

Pro

files

S

tron

g aw

aren

ess

of th

e ris

ks a

t eac

h vi

llage

Com

mun

ity R

isk

Pro

file

for

each

villa

geC

omm

unity

R

epre

sent

ativ

es, P

olic

e/N

DM

o/M

CD

EM

, P

WD

(W

ater

, Bui

ldin

g),

Met

eoro

logy

, Pol

ice/

MC

DE

M T

ouris

m,

Env

ironm

ent,

DA

FF, H

ealth

, D

JLS

Bui

ld c

omm

unity

cap

acity

to

part

icip

ate

in w

ater

, ree

f, co

asta

l an

d fo

rest

mon

itorin

g ac

tiviti

es

Str

ong

capa

city

for

com

mun

ity to

con

duct

m

onito

ring

Com

mun

ity (i

n pa

rtne

rshi

p w

ith g

ovt)

resp

onsi

ble

for

mon

itorin

gP

WD

(Wat

er),

Hea

lth, D

AFF

3.1.

2 E

stab

lish

effe

ctiv

e E

arly

war

ning

sy

stem

s to

pro

vid

e ac

cura

te a

nd

timel

y w

arni

ng f

or

all h

azar

ds

to t

he

com

mun

ity

Str

engt

hen

cap

acity

to m

onito

r an

d as

sess

land

and

wat

er

reso

urce

s, h

azar

ds a

nd c

limat

e ch

ange

Str

ong

capa

city

for

com

mun

ity to

mon

itor

and

asse

ss la

nd a

nd w

ater

reso

urce

s,

haza

rds

and

clim

ate

chan

ge

Com

mun

ity (i

n pa

rtne

rshi

p w

ith

govt

) res

pons

ible

for

mon

itorin

g an

d as

sess

men

t

Met

eoro

logy

, NiW

A,

Env

ironm

ent (

PAC

C),

PW

D

(wat

er),

DA

FF, P

olic

e

Dev

elop

a C

limat

e E

arly

War

ning

S

yste

m a

nd ta

ilore

d in

form

atio

n pr

oduc

ts to

sup

port

prim

ary

sect

ors

Clim

ate

out

look

Mod

ellin

g P

rogr

amm

e pr

ovid

es u

sabl

e pr

oduc

ts to

sup

port

sec

tors

su

ch a

s ag

ricul

ture

Wid

e us

e of

pro

duct

s ac

ross

sec

tors

Met

eoro

logy

, DA

FF, P

WD

(W

ater

)

3.1.

3 E

nsur

e fo

od

sec

urity

in

trod

uce

clim

ate-

resi

lient

te

chni

ques

and

rela

ted

tech

nolo

gies

Clim

ate

resi

lient

tech

nolo

gies

dra

wn

upon

to

supp

ort o

ngoi

ng a

dapt

atio

n ef

fort

s

Agr

icul

ture

, LR

D/S

PC

, FA

o

Str

engt

hen

com

mun

ity-

man

aged

fore

st a

nd m

arin

e co

nser

vatio

n ar

eas

and

buffe

r zo

nes

Bas

elin

e fo

r co

nser

vatio

n ar

eas

(e.g

. bas

ed

on iU

CN

indi

cato

rs) e

stab

lishe

d an

d tr

aini

ng

prov

ided

on

the

sele

ctio

n an

d m

onito

ring

of

indi

cato

rs fo

r co

mm

unity

and

pro

ject

uni

t

Num

ber

of c

omm

unity

mem

bers

trai

ned

Num

ber

/ si

ze o

f con

serv

atio

n ar

eas

Cha

nge

agai

nst b

asel

ine

Com

mun

ities

are

trai

ned

on th

e us

e of

clim

ate

early

war

ning

and

in

form

atio

n se

rvic

es in

dec

isio

n-m

akin

g pr

oces

ses

Dev

elop

men

t of c

limat

e ch

ange

indi

cato

rs in

co

nsul

tatio

n w

ith c

omm

uniti

es a

nd te

chni

cal

depa

rtm

ents

and

link

clim

ate

indi

cato

rs to

na

tura

l res

ourc

es a

nd h

azar

ds

Num

ber

of c

omm

unity

mem

bers

trai

ned

Upt

ake

of c

limat

e ea

rly w

arni

ng

info

rmat

ion

serv

ices

Met

eoro

logy

, DA

FF, P

WD

, Ta

oga

Niu

e


SECTioN 1

37

Str

ateg

ic O

bje

ctiv

e 3.

2 S

tren

gth

en t

echn

ical

and

inst

itutio

nal c

apac

ity t

o c

olle

ct, s

tore

and

ana

lyze

clim

ate

and

dis

aste

r ri

sk in

form

atio

n

AC

TIO

NS

SU

B-A

CT

ION

SO

UT

CO

ME

SIN

DIC

ATO

RS

RE

SP

ON

SIB

LE A

GE

NC

y

3.2.

1 D

evel

op

inte

gra

ted

info

rmat

ion

man

agem

ent

syst

em(s

) to

sup

po

rt

DR

M a

nd C

CA

dec

isio

n m

akin

g

pro

cess

es a

nd in

form

JN

AP

im

ple

men

tatio

n

Est

ablis

h a

cent

ralis

ed

info

rmat

ion

man

agem

ent

syst

em to

sup

port

DR

M a

nd

CC

A in

itiat

ives

DR

M a

nd C

CA

initi

ativ

es a

re s

uppo

rted

by

cent

ralis

ed in

form

atio

n m

anag

emen

t sys

tem

Key

sec

tors

dra

w u

pon

cent

ralis

ed

info

rmat

ion

syst

em to

ass

ist i

n co

ordi

natio

n of

CC

A a

nd D

RM

act

iviti

es

Met

eoro

logy

, DJL

S,

Sta

tistic

s, E

nviro

nmen

t, P

WD

(Wat

er),

Pol

ice,

DA

FF

Com

pile

and

sta

ndar

dise

st

atis

tical

info

rmat

ion

and

data

on

clim

ate

and

disa

ster

ris

ks,

impa

cts

and

loss

es [

build

on

3.3.

1]

Cen

tral

ised

repo

sito

ry d

evel

oped

to h

ost

data

and

info

rmat

ion

rela

ted

to c

limat

e an

d di

sast

er r

isks

incl

udin

g th

at fr

om P

acifi

c C

limat

e C

hang

e S

cien

ce P

rogr

amm

e,

Pac

ific

Ris

k in

form

atio

n S

yste

m (P

aRiS

), S

outh

Pac

ific

Sea

Lev

el C

limat

e M

onito

ring

Pro

gram

me

Num

ber

of tr

aine

d st

aff a

nd u

ptak

e /

use

of c

entr

alis

ed re

posi

tory

PW

D (W

ater

-HY

Co

S),

DA

FF, H

ealth

Str

engt

hen

the

capa

city

of

sect

or fo

cal p

oint

s to

ana

lyse

th

e da

ta a

nd in

form

atio

n to

su

ppor

t pro

gram

mes

Trai

ning

con

duct

ed o

n th

e an

alys

is o

f dat

a an

d in

form

atio

n to

sup

port

sec

tora

l and

na

tiona

l dev

elop

men

t pro

gram

mes

Dev

elop

info

rmat

ion

prod

ucts

for

polic

y m

aker

s on

the

appl

icat

ions

of c

limat

e an

d ris

k in

form

atio

n co

llect

ed fo

r N

iue

Num

ber

of s

taff

in k

ey a

genc

ies

that

com

plet

ed tr

aini

ng o

n da

ta a

nd

info

rmat

ion

anal

ysis

and

use

info

rmat

ion

prod

ucts

PW

D,

Env

ironm

ent,

Met

eoro

logy

, DA

FF, E

nerg

y,

Bul

k Fu

el


SECTioN 1

38

Go

al 4

: Str

eng

then

Niu

e’s

cap

acity

to

ad

apt

rene

wab

le e

nerg

y te

chno

log

ies

and

imp

rove

ene

rgy

effic

ienc

y

Str

ateg

ic O

bje

ctiv

e 4.

1 P

rom

ote

miti

gat

ion

actio

ns a

nd e

nerg

y ef

ficie

ncy

mea

sure

s in

sec

tors

suc

h as

ele

ctri

city

, bui

ldin

gs,

tra

nsp

ort

atio

n, in

dus

try,

ag

ricu

lture

, fo

rest

ry, c

om

mun

icat

ions

an

d w

ater

AC

TIO

NS

SU

B-A

CT

ION

SO

UT

CO

ME

SIN

DIC

ATO

RS

RE

SP

ON

SIB

LE A

GE

NC

y

4.1.

1 S

tren

gth

en g

ove

rnan

ce t

o

sup

po

rt e

nerg

y ef

ficie

ncy

and

re

new

able

ene

rgy

op

tions

in

line

with

the

Niu

e S

trat

egic

E

nerg

y P

olic

y an

d A

ctio

n P

lan

Rev

iew

Nat

iona

l Str

ateg

ic E

nerg

y P

olic

y an

d A

ctio

n P

lan

Rev

iew

of E

nerg

y P

olic

y an

d P

lan

and

reco

mm

enda

tions

for

prog

ress

impl

emen

tatio

n of

reco

mm

enda

tions

Pro

ject

Man

agem

ent U

nit E

DF

10

Eco

nom

ics

and

Pla

nnin

g

Dev

elop

ince

ntiv

es a

nd p

acka

ges

to s

uppo

rt p

rivat

e se

ctor

pa

rtic

ipat

ion

in re

new

able

ene

rgy

and

ener

gy e

ffici

ent i

nitia

tives

in

clud

ing

supp

ly a

nd d

eman

d m

anag

emen

t.

Up-

skille

d el

ectr

icia

ns o

n th

e u

se o

f RE

in

plac

e of

/ o

r w

ith g

rid p

ower

N

umbe

r of

ele

ctric

ians

trai

ned

Eco

nom

ics

and

Pla

nnin

g,

Cha

mbe

r of

Com

mer

ce, N

iue

Pow

er

Dev

elop

rele

vant

edu

catio

n an

d aw

aren

ess

prog

ram

s on

ene

rgy

effic

ienc

y an

d re

new

able

ene

rgy

Trai

ned

teac

hers

on

RE

and

P

rodu

ctio

n or

Ada

ptat

ion

of M

ultim

edia

pa

ckag

es

Pro

port

ion

of te

ache

rs in

clud

ing

RE

in

cla

ssro

om te

achi

ngN

iue

Pow

er, E

nviro

nmen

t, D

ept

Ed,

BC

N

Str

ateg

ic O

bje

ctiv

e 4.

2 Id

entif

y, d

evel

op

and

imp

lem

ent

viab

le r

enew

able

ene

rgy

tech

nolo

gie

s su

ch a

s so

lar

and

win

d e

nerg

y an

d o

ther

alte

rnat

ive

ener

gy

sour

ces

AC

TIO

NS

SU

B-A

CT

ION

SO

UT

CO

ME

SIN

DIC

ATO

RS

RE

SP

ON

SIB

LE A

GE

NC

y

4.2.

1 Im

pro

ve e

nerg

y se

curi

tyA

sses

s di

sast

er a

nd c

limat

e ris

k on

exi

stin

g an

d pl

anne

d en

ergy

in

frast

ruct

ure

and

impl

emen

t cos

t ef

fect

ive

risk

redu

ctio

n op

tions

Rev

iew

of e

xist

ing

infra

stru

ctur

e in

rega

rds

to h

azar

d an

d cl

imat

e ris

ks a

nd

ED

F10

repl

acem

ent o

f hig

h V

cab

les

Rec

omm

enda

tions

from

revi

ew

impl

emen

ted

and

prop

ortio

n of

hig

h V

cab

les

repl

aced

Niu

e P

ower

, PW

D, M

eteo

rolo

gy,

Env

ironm

ent

Dev

elop

con

tinge

ncy

plan

s an

d re

spon

se m

echa

nism

s to

add

ress

en

ergy

sup

ply

issu

es, p

artic

ular

ly

durin

g an

d af

ter

natu

ral d

isas

ters

Con

tinge

ncy

plan

and

resp

onse

m

echa

nism

s de

velo

ped

Con

tinge

ncy

plan

and

resp

onse

m

echa

nism

s de

velo

ped

Niu

e P

ower

, ND

C, P

WD

,

iden

tify

and

prom

ote

use

of

appr

opria

te te

chno

logy

tran

sfer

to

sup

port

miti

gatio

n ac

tions

and

en

ergy

effi

cien

cy m

easu

res

iden

tifica

tion

of n

eeds

for

tech

nolo

gy

tran

sfer

impl

emen

tatio

n of

app

ropr

iate

te

chno

logy

Niu

e P

ower

, Env

ironm

ent,

PW

D

Rev

iew

and

dev

elop

rene

wab

le

ener

gy o

ptio

ns (e

.g. s

olar

) for

w

ater

pum

p

Ass

ess

Rep

ort o

f sol

ar p

ower

gen

erat

ion

to

driv

e pu

mp

(17

bore

site

s) to

be

dist

ribut

ed

to W

ater

and

oth

er re

leva

nt s

ecto

rs

impl

emen

t rec

omm

enda

tions

of

asse

ssm

ent

Pro

ject

Man

agem

ent U

nit E

DF

10, P

WD

, Niu

e P

ower


SECTioN 1

39

Go

al 5

: Str

eng

then

dis

aste

r p

rep

ared

ness

fo

r ef

fect

ive

resp

ons

e

Str

ateg

ic O

bje

ctiv

e 5.

1 S

tren

gth

en d

isas

ter

pre

par

edne

ss a

nd c

apac

ity f

or

effe

ctiv

e re

spo

nse

and

rec

ove

ry

AC

TIO

NS

SU

B-A

CT

ION

SO

UT

CO

ME

SIN

DIC

ATO

RS

RE

SP

ON

SIB

LE A

GE

NC

y

5.1.

1 S

tren

gth

en d

isas

ter

m

anag

emen

t a

rran

gem

ents

Dev

elop

a T

oR

and

und

erta

ke a

re

view

of t

he N

iue

Nat

iona

l Dis

aste

r M

anag

emen

t Arr

ange

men

ts w

ith

a vi

ew to

est

ablis

h a

Dis

aste

r M

anag

emen

t offi

ce

DR

M a

rran

gem

ents

revi

ewed

and

re

com

men

datio

ns m

ade

rega

rdin

g th

e po

tent

ial e

stab

lishm

ent o

f ND

Mo

impl

emen

tatio

n of

reco

mm

enda

tions

of

the

DR

M re

view

Pol

ice

and

PS

C, M

CD

EM

Dev

elop

Sta

ndar

d op

erat

ing

proc

edur

es (S

oP

s) a

nd C

ontin

genc

y pl

ans

in th

e ev

ent o

f a d

isas

ter

So

Ps

and

cont

inge

ncy

plan

s de

velo

ped

So

Ps

and

cont

inge

ncy

plan

s de

velo

ped

MC

DE

M/N

ZAiD

Est

ablis

h an

ade

quat

ely

reso

urce

d D

isas

ter

Man

agem

ent o

ffice

and

fu

nctio

nal N

atio

nal E

mer

genc

y o

pera

tions

Cen

tre

Ade

quat

ely

reso

urce

d N

DM

o (b

ased

on

reco

mm

enda

tions

abo

ve) a

nd E

oC

Ade

quat

ely

reso

urce

d N

DM

o (b

ased

on

reco

mm

enda

tions

abo

ve) a

nd E

oC

MC

DE

M/N

ZAiD

, ND

C

iden

tify

and

esta

blis

h an

alte

rnat

ive

com

mun

icat

ions

and

/or

broa

dcas

ting

syst

em to

pro

vide

redu

ndan

cy in

the

even

t of f

ailu

re d

urin

g an

em

erge

ncy

even

t.

App

ropr

iate

alte

rnat

ive

com

mun

icat

ions

an

d/or

bro

adca

stin

g sy

stem

for

times

of

emer

genc

ies

Fully

func

tioni

ng a

ltern

ativ

e co

mm

unic

atio

n sy

stem

Pol

ice,

Tel

ecom

, Hea

lth

Dep

artm

ent,

BC

N (s

econ

dary

)

Rev

iew

of e

mer

genc

y co

mm

unic

atio

ns e

quip

men

t to

supp

ort M

CD

EM

pro

posa

l

Rec

omm

enda

tions

dev

elop

ed fr

om re

view

of

em

erge

ncy

com

mun

icat

ions

equ

ipm

ent

App

ropr

iate

pro

cure

men

t of e

mer

genc

y co

mm

unic

atio

ns e

quip

men

t bas

ed o

n re

view

Pol

ice/

DM

o, E

oC

, MoH

, PW

D,

Met


SECTioN 1

40

5.1.

2 S

tren

gth

en c

om

mun

ity

pre

par

edne

ss a

nd r

esp

ons

e to

dis

aste

rs a

nd C

C im

pac

ts

Dev

elop

a m

anua

l to

guid

e co

mm

uniti

es in

pre

parin

g fo

r di

sast

ers

and

adap

ting

to C

C.

Dev

elop

men

t of a

how

-to

guid

e an

d ch

eckl

ist f

or c

omm

uniti

es to

ass

ess

the

stat

us a

nd e

ffect

iven

ess

of th

eir

disa

ster

pr

epar

edne

ss a

nd c

limat

e ch

ange

ad

apta

tion

prog

ram

mes

LiN

K W

iTH

3.1

Dis

aste

r pr

epar

edne

ss m

anua

l dra

wn

upon

by

com

mun

ities

Pol

ice/

ND

Mo

, Met

eoro

logy

, H

ouse

hold

s

Trai

ning

of v

illage

cou

ncils

, NG

os

and

com

mun

ity g

roup

s an

d ho

useh

olds

in

disa

ster

pre

pare

dnes

s, re

spon

se a

nd

reco

very

.

Trai

ned

key

pers

onne

l inv

olve

d in

co

mm

unity

bas

ed D

RM

and

CC

A to

wor

k w

ith c

omm

uniti

es to

* re

spon

d to

ale

rts

an

* se

cure

pro

pert

y

* co

nser

ve fo

od a

nd w

ater

in th

e ev

ent o

f a

disa

ster

* en

cour

age

the

use

of e

vacu

atio

n ce

ntre

s w

hich

hav

e be

en v

ette

d as

she

lters

by

PW

D a

nd P

olic

e

* en

sure

vul

nera

ble

grou

ps in

the

com

mun

ity a

re c

onsi

dere

d in

the

plan

s

Num

ber

of k

ey p

erso

nnel

trai

ned

Pol

ice/

ND

Mo

, Env

ironm

ent

Met

eoro

logy

, Hou

seho

lds

5.1.

3 S

tren

gth

en e

vacu

atio

n p

lans

an

d s

trat

egie

s R

evie

w a

nd u

pdat

e ex

istin

g ev

acua

tion

plan

s in

clud

ing

test

ing

of

proc

edur

es fo

r na

tiona

l dep

artm

ents

an

d vi

llage

s.

Eva

cuat

ion

plan

s re

view

ed a

nd

reco

mm

enda

tions

mad

e fo

r im

prov

emen

tim

plem

enta

tion

of re

com

men

datio

ns o

f th

e re

view

Pol

ice,

PW

D

The

inst

alla

tion

of a

ppro

pria

tely

sig

ned

road

way

bar

riers

at t

he h

ighe

st e

ntry

po

ints

to th

e S

ir R

ober

ts W

harf

and

othe

r id

entifi

ed s

ea a

cces

s po

ints

to

rest

rict p

edes

tria

n an

d ve

hicu

lar

entr

y in

tim

es o

f em

erge

ncy

inst

alla

tion

of a

ppro

pria

te w

arni

ng s

igns

at

sea

acce

ss p

oint

s fro

m m

ain

road

Num

ber

of s

igns

inst

alle

d at

app

ropr

iate

po

ints

Rev

iew

/Ret

rofit

exi

stin

g ev

acua

tion

cent

res

in th

e up

per

terr

ace

(link

ed to

th

e na

tiona

l dis

aste

r em

erge

ncy

plan

)

Eva

cuat

ion

cent

res

asse

ssed

bas

ed o

n B

uild

ing

code

and

cap

acity

of p

eopl

e it

shou

ld c

onta

in.

PW

D to

sub

mit

a re

port

ba

sed

on th

e as

sess

men

t, in

clud

ing

a cl

ear

basi

s on

why

/ if

Low

er te

rrac

e E

vacu

atio

n C

entr

es n

eed

to b

e m

oved

Pro

port

ion

of e

vacu

atio

n ce

ntre

s re

trofi

tted

V

illage

Cou

ncils

, PW

D, P

olic

e/N

DM

o, M

oH


SECTioN 1

41

5.1.

4 S

tren

gth

en c

apac

ities

to

res

po

nd e

ffec

tivel

y to

d

isas

ters

Dev

elop

a p

roce

dure

that

ens

ures

th

e co

mm

unity

rece

ives

the

corr

ect

and

timel

y in

form

atio

n du

ring

any

emer

genc

y

Rev

iew

of c

urre

nt p

roce

dure

s fo

r re

ceip

t, di

ssem

inat

ion

and

capa

city

to re

spon

d to

war

ning

s of

all

haza

rd w

arni

ngs

and

role

s an

d re

spon

sibi

litie

s of

var

ious

de

part

men

ts

impl

emen

tatio

n of

revi

ew

reco

mm

enda

tions

rega

rdin

g re

ceip

t and

di

ssem

inat

ion

of w

arni

ngs

Pol

ice,

Met

eoro

logy

, ND

C,

MC

DE

M

Str

engt

hen

Com

mun

ity A

ffairs

ca

paci

ty in

pos

t dis

aste

r su

ppor

t

5 tr

aine

d tr

aum

a co

unse

llors

to s

uppo

rt

Com

mun

ity A

ffairs

dur

ing

an e

vent

5 tr

aine

d tr

aum

a co

unse

llors

to s

uppo

rt

Com

mun

ity A

ffairs

dur

ing

an e

vent

Com

mun

ity A

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SECTioN 1

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SECTioN 1

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Annexes

Section 6


SECTioN 1

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a. JNAP Country EngagementsMarch 2011 – initial scoping mission from SoPAC and SPREP

May 2011– Follow up SoPAC/SPREP mission for further refinement of JNAP Results Matrix

october/November 2011 – Final regional mission to Niue to finalise JNAP Results Matrix, implementation arrangements and financing strategy.

b. JNAP Taskforce Membership• Police

• Niue Department of Meteorology and Climate Change

• Department of Environment

• Department of Works

c. Stakeholders ConsultedJNAP consultations:

NAME DEPARTMENT EMAIL

Gaylene Tasmania Community Affairs [email protected]

Diamond Tauevihi Community Affairs [email protected]

Charlene Tukiuha Community Affairs [email protected]

Natasha Tohovaka DAFF [email protected]

Sauni Tongatule Environment [email protected]

Haden Talagi Environment/Pacific Adaptation for Climate Change Project

[email protected]

Rossy Mitiepo Meteorology [email protected]

Sionetasi Pulehetoa Meteorology [email protected]

Speedo Hetutu Niue Power Board [email protected]

Brent ioane Police [email protected]

Mark Chenery Police [email protected]

Dianne Misileki Poumale Project Management Unit [email protected]

Andre Siohane Public Words Department/ Water [email protected]

Deve Talagi Public Works Department [email protected]

Sione Leolahi Public Works Department/ Water [email protected]

Moira Enetama Taoga Niue [email protected]

Vanessa Marsh Tourism [email protected]

Janet Tasmania Education [email protected]

Litea Biukoto SoPAC [email protected]

Anna Gero SoPAC/Consultant [email protected]

Netatua Pelesikoti SPREP [email protected]


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d. Related DRM and CCA Projects • Pacific Adaptation to Climate Change (PACC - UNDP-GEF) & integrated Water

Resources Management Project (iWRM – UNDP-GEF, EU): these projects focus on water-sector related policies and pilot measures addressing water supply and storage in communities. Lessons learnt on water management techniques will be applied in the implementation of integrated village-level adaptation plans and measures, to enhance water supply for both household and agricultural irrigation purposes (UNDP, 2010).

• •FAO“TelefoodsProject”–Grassroots-levelprojectstoassistdisadvantagedfamiliesin improving their means of production, enabling them to produce more food, and to generate cash income which will allow them better access to food. includes assistance in the area of crop production, small animal & fish production; and value adding (FAo, 2010).

• Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Programme – EU Funded (see Niue Energy 2010)

• UNDP Adaptation Fund – Food Security (Proposal submitted to GEF Adaptation Fund) - Project currently under development jointly between DAFF, DoE and UNDP following first consideration by AF secretariat of concept paper. Concept paper was not approved, returned for further justification. Decision to move to full proposal development as at 16/02/11.

• Community Centred Sustainable Development Programme (CCSDP) – UNDP

• Niue National Communications – Niue’s First National Communication and subsequent national communications are ongoing assessment type reports on the vulnerability and adaptation, Greenhouse Gas inventory and other relevant sectors. (Currently Draft SNC to be completed by 2011 and Third National Communication to start in 2012).

• Forest Conservation and Management – GEF and FAo, 2011 - 2015

• Sustainable Land Use Management Project (SLM) - Capacity Building for Sustainable Land Management in Niue (UNDP-GEF): this project will draw on lessons learnt from the community demos of the SLM project, support their replication in other communities and will introduce necessary adjustments into land use practices to reduce potential climate change risks (UNDP, 2010).

• Young Farmers Training Programme, organic Development Programme

• Development of Sustainable Agriculture in the Pacific (DSAP) funded by the European Union

• Food Security & Sustainable Livelihoods Programme (FSSLP) – FAo funded and an expansion of the pilot project on Regional Food Security in the Pacific. (UNDP, 2010)

e. Key DocumentationAmbroz, A. (2009) Niue Technical Report – Economic Analysis of Bathymetric Data for Niue. EU EDF 8/9 SoPAC

Project Report 149, June 2009.

Australian Government Bureau of Meteorology (2009) SoPAC Member Countries National Capacity Assessment: Tsunami Warning and Mitigation Systems, Alofi, Niue, 25-28 May 2009, research report prepared by H. Tseros, B. Boase & C. Stiz (formerly o’Brien), Australian Government Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne.

Bedford, R., Poot, J. and Ryan, T. (2006) Niue: Population Policy Scoping Study, Population Studies Centre Discussion Paper (Hamilton: University of Waikato).

Barnett, J. (2008) The effect of aid on capacity to adapt to climate change: insights from Niue. Political Science, 60:1, 31-45

Barnett, J. and Ellemor, H. (2007) Niue after Cyclone Heta. The Australian Journal of Emergency Management. 22:1, 3-4.


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Biukoto,L & Bonte-Grapentin, M. (2004) Niue – Country Mission Report 23rd April – 4th May 2004 EU-SoPAC Project Report 34.

FAo (2010) Building Resilience to Climate Change: Pacific Food Security Toolkit – Root Crop and Fishery Production. Food and Agriculture organization, Rome, italy, 2010.

Forbes, D.L. (1996) Coastal Geology and Hazards of Niue. SoPAC Technical Report 233.

GoN (2000) Niue’s initial National Communications to the UNFCCC. Niue Climate Change Project, Niue Meteorological Service.

GoN (2002) Niue Human Resource Development Planning Framework Project: Volume 2 – Findings and recommendations. Government of Niue.

GoN (2003) Niue integrated Strategic Plan 2003-2008. Government of Niue.

GoN (2006a) Niue’s Millennium Development Goals Report 2006. Government of Niue.

GoN (2006b) Niue Population Profile: Based on 2006 Census of Population and Housing. A guide for planners and policy makers. Government of Niue.

GoN (2009) Niue National Strategic Plan. Government of Niue.

GoN (2010a) Second National Communication. Relating to the UNFCCC. Government of Niue.

GoN (2010b) Niue National Disaster Plan. Government of Niue.

Kirono, D.G.C, Jones, R.N. and Bathols, J.M (2008) Climate change in Niue. CSiRo, Aspendale, Australia.

Kumar, R. (2011). Climate variability and change in the south-west Pacific: impacts of ENSo on changing rainfall patterns. Greenhouse 2011 Conference, Cairns, Australia. Available at: http://www.greenhouse2011.com/UserFiles/Presentation/presentationUrl_109.pdf Accessed 20/10/2011

NDMCC (2011) Climate, Climate Variability and change of Niue. Niue Meteorology and Climate Change Department. Pacific Climate Change Science Program.

Pacific Climate Change Science Program (PCCSP) (2011) Current and future climate of Niue. international Climate Change Adaptation initiative (iCCAi), Collaboration between Niue Department of Meteorology and Climate Change, Australian Bureau of Meteorology and Commonwealth Scientific and industrial Research organisation (CSiRo).

Pacific Disaster Centre (PDC) (2004) World’s Smallest island Nation Faces Uncertain Future. PDC Perspectives – Analysis from the Pacific Disaster Centre, Vol 1, issue 2, January 2004.

SoPAC (2000) Niue Country Profile.

SoPAC, Pacific islands Forum Secretariat and UNDP Pacific Centre (2009) Guide to Developing National Action Plan: A Tool for Mainstreaming DRM Based on Experiences from Selected Pacific islands Countries. SoPAC, Suva, Fiji.

SPREP (2009) Pacific Adaptation to Climate Change – Niue island. Report of in-Country Consultations. Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Program.

UNDP (2010) Reducing climate risks to food security in Niue through integrated community-based adaptation measures and related institutional strengthening: Proposal for Niue. Adaptation Fund – September 2010.

Wade, H. (2005) Pacific Regional Energy Assessment: an assessment of the key energy issues, barriers to the development of renewable energy to mitigate climate change, and capacity development needs to removing the barriers. Niue National Report. Pacific islands Renewable Energy Project, Technical Report No. 8, Apia, Samoa,

38 pp.

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