The ECE faculty and student's efforts, achievements were captured in a single entity with the help of ECE MAGZINE "MAGNITUDE". The ECE magazine was launched in the valedictory ceremony. Everyone appreciated the magazine team of ECE for their sincere efforts which resulted a huge success. The ECE VALEDICTORY ended with the beautiful memories of our seniors.

PAGE 1

It was around 10 am when the juniors were running errands give finishing

touch for the BON VOYAGE, handsome boys and beautiful girls were

engaged in taking selfies, anchors were busy practicing their dialogues. As an

epitome of “A stitch in time saves nine” Abhijit sir was busy reading a

research article, Chandu sir was keenly observing everything with his mind

wandering for poetic words, Sharma sir and Vijay Bhaskar sir curiously

waiting for the event to start. No sooner did Puli Kishore sir and Kiran

Kumar sir enter, Manjunadh and Sri Vidya started to describe the journey

with wonderful songs.

with their Pictionary Dumb-sharats. They managed to get faculties

participated for the event. Both faculty and seniors equally showcased their

pictorial skills by representing songs pictorially. As we can’t make sound

with a single hand unless for a snap, spectators also actively encouraged the

participants. The event ended up with a beautiful song by Abhijit sir.

Everyone has lots to say but don’t know when and where to say. As an

opportunity to those, Confession envelopes were delivered throughout the

event. In the meantime when the next event was getting ready, a seniors

outlook was taken where seniors shared their joyful experiences in the trip

they had recently. Nostalgically, many wished to go back to the first year of

B.Tech life. Moving on, Raviteja and Spoorthi collected some of the exotic

childhood pictures of seniors of which seniors guessed exactly. The seniors

were crazy enough to predict even from the cropped part of a face!! After

having a sumptuous feast, the journey resumed with an event where a pair

must enact a scene played to them. Wow, they proved themselves to be true

replicates of the actors. Biasing the stout ones, Latha and Madhavi conducted

a balloon bursting event where the former to blast a balloon was declared as a

winner. Lokesh and team came up with a skit which revised all the four years

of B.Tech life at NIT Andhra Pradesh. Seniors were astonished to know that

Bhaskar Anand sir, Surya Prakash sir spent their valuable time to share some

words from the bottom of their hearts for the 1st batch of NIT AP. Yogi and

team rocked the stage by singing a band of English songs. Initiated by

Gopinadh and Satish organized a special event where two T-shirts with

seniors and juniors signatures were declared for auctions where after a

competitive bidding Rahul from senior and Pavan from junior succeeded in

buying the shirts. Lastly, a musical chair game was conducted for senior

girls, where rather than walking they started dancing for the energetic songs

being played. As a souvenir for seniors, juniors presented gifts individually.

Meanwhile, Chandu sir was busy penning down his words about the farewell.

Seniors expressed their gratitude, views, experiences and sweet memories.

Some of the confessions addressed to the juniors were read aloud by

Srilekha. As a symbolism of seniors life to cherish with sweetness, there was

a cake cutting event for seniors followed by two beautiful songs dedicated by

Sharma sir for seniors. As the ice melts down with temperature, likewise

tears rolled down with emotion in seniors. Everyone wished that the time

machine in Endgame may come true. Bidding farewell is the toughest part

where the bonds get miles apart. Nevertheless, no matter how far the seniors

are they are always close to the heart of the juniors.

Furthermore, Himasri mesmerized

everyone with her melodious voice. Two

ever smiling Deepika and Dhanalakshmi,

gave a lovely dance performance. The real

fun comes when the sailor sails the ship, so

to entertain the sailors i.e. the seniors, two

Lilliput of ECE, Jyoti and Sindhu came up

This event was conducted for the 2nd year, ECE on 5th April. It was organized by the team “Thunderstorms”, headed by

Kartheek. It is a six round event. In the first round, one had to find their mates to divided everyone into six teams, each

containing 6 members. In the second round, Pictionary was conducted. In the third round, a song was played for each

team, which was discontinued sometimes and the participants had to continue the lyrics then. In the 4th round, one

member from the team blew a balloon and the others blasted them using their head. In the 5th round, quiz on IPL was

conducted. In the final round, each team presents an IPL post-match ceremony, each taking roles as Captain of the team,

Man of the match. This event is completely a fun based game, which was planned for a good interaction with fellow

mates. Everyone enjoyed well, playing this game.

Frisk - Revanth, II year

Bon Voyage - Yeshwanth Balaji, III year

NIT ANDHRA PRADESH VOLUME 1 ISSUE 3

THE ECE HERALD The Official ECE Newsletter

Valedictory Ceremony - Sai Sri Vidya, III Year

The ECE students journey started with ECE ASSOCIATION inauguration,

which is an open door for the exposure of many technical and non-technical

events. They had a splendid knowledgeable journey through out the year. It was

very soon that the time for a closing ceremony "ECE VALEDICTORY" has

come. In the valedictory, faculty delivered guidelines through their speech for

the seniors. The secretaries right from the first year to the third year of ECE

ASSOCIATION had given a talk based on their experiences that were

associated with all the students and faculty. The certificates were disturbed to

all the winners, organizers and the participants of all technical events of ECE.

The hard work behind the screen couldn't be exposed until it was showcased.

- Anurag, II year

Department of ECE is not only spreading its wings in academics but also in all

sort of extra-curricular activities, especially in sports. This year we have topped

the list by securing first place in various sports events and also by winning the

overall championship among all the departments. The following are the events

in which we came out in flying colors capturing the first position.

Cricket(M): Leninroy Yaemineni(c), Manoj Kumar Reddy T,G Ajay Kumar, Y Vishnu Vardhan Reddy, Ramesh Vishonoi, A Tarun Sri Teja, Jehova Honey, V Swastik, Sachin Meena, Susheel Kumar,V Raj Kumar, Y Teja Reddy, G Sai Teja, RVS Nivas Kumar, Ch Koteshwar Rao, S Kartheek. Kho-kho(w): T.Sravani, M Annapurna ,S Srivani, S Vujwala, A Yamuna, J Dhanalaxmi, C Vasanthi. Kabaddi(m): V Swastik(c), Lokesh Kumar V, Manoj Kumar Reddy T, Rahul A,V Satish, Avinash H, D Yogeshwar Naik, V Raj Kumar, M Suman, S Kartheek, T Sai Anurag, C Prudhvi Raj. Kabaddi(w): T Sravani, P Mounika, M Annapurna, P Pushyami, V Swathi, S Vujwala, G Jyothi, M Sanjoosha. Throw ball(W): M Annapurna, M Supriya, Jyosna, Sravanthi, G Jyothi, P Pushyami, A Yamuna, C Vasanthi, J Pavanija. Volleyball(M): V Raj Kumar(c), M Suman, M Bhagawan Naik, Bilhan, Mahesh, Ch Koteshwar Rao, V Swastik, V Satish, S Siva Gopinadh, V Rahul, V Venkatesh, K Jithendreshwara Rao. Badminton Singles(w): Jyothi. Badminton Doubles(w): Pushyami-Ujwala. Tennicoit(W): Ujwala, Jyothi.

Overall Championship !!!

MAGNITUDE team

In Athletics, V Raj Kumar of second

year ECE has bagged prizes for ECE

in several events. Javelin throw-

Winner, Short put-Winner, 100m-

Runner, 200m-Runner, Discus

throw-Runner

Not only students of ECE but also faculty are very active in participating in

sports. Dr. Chandu D S and Mr. Vijay Bhaskar are part of winning team of

faculty cricket game and Mr. Vijay Bhaskar had participated in badminton and

came out as winner in the event. In this manner, the dept. of ECE is spreading

its charm in various sports events.

Issue date: 6th May

- Karishma Panda, II year

Once a Great Physicist Stephen Hawking had

said-“The development of full artificial

intelligence could spell the end of the human

race. Once humans developed artificial

intelligence, it will take off on its own and

redesign itself at an ever-increasing rate.

Humans who are limited by slow biological

evolution, wouldn’t be able to compete and

would be superseded.” What he meant was that

it could possess a potential danger to the human

race and environment if it progress unabated.

Humans have developed machine intelligence.

But what if these machines will tend to have

control over the human mind? How can we

ensure they will behave ethically? Moreover

what if they will get into wrong hands and will

be misused to intend harm to humanity? Then it

will be indeed a huge threat to our society.

Peace and security will be big question marks.

Another grave concern is that AI may render

many people unemployed. Our country is

already facing the menace of lack of jobs. So if

machines start invading all fields there will be

hardly any jobs left for the human race.

Autonomously operating cars are already

developed which will render many drivers

jobless. Artificial intelligence has broken into

the healthcare industry by assisting doctors and

the day is not far behind when they may

replace doctors which will be a threat to their

career. Moreover, a recent article claimed that

the day is not far behind when we will be able to

connect our brain to cloud computing. We will

be able to access the world’s knowledge by

simply thinking about a specific topic. It will be

a big feat in the field of science but the peril is

that machines will be able to read our minds. So

it may lead to a breach of privacy if used for

malicious purposes. Again it will put safety and

trust issues in risk. In a few years, we may be

equipped with autonomous weapons that can be

programmed to cause massive destruction. But

in the hands of the wrong person, these weapons

can easily cause mass casualties and the result

will be devastating. Artificial intelligence can

surge rapid progress and can make life easier but

if misused it will be a big threat to society. So

development should be such that it wouldn’t be

pernicious as safety is our primary concern.

TECHATOON

NOTE FROM THE

EDITOR

We are so happy to publish the

third edition of "THE ECE

HERALD". This edition has keen

information about the Artificial

Intelligence and Machine

Learning, two eyes of this hyper-

competitive technical

world. Apart from the main

theme, a complete picture of the

public sector undertakings PSU is

provided. This article really helps

all the third year students down

the line, contains: PSU recruiting

ECE students through Gate,

benefits of PSU jobs, fixed

working hours and perks. Coming

to cultural part, this edition

showcased the memories of the

first ever farewell in the timeline

of NIT AP. We hope this edition

help's you in your career point of

you and remembering the

beautiful memories with our

seniors as well.

PAGE 2

LIMITATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE!

PSU

- Deepthi, IV year

Most of the PSUs recruit through Gate Score.

Candidates are shortlisted based on cut-off marks.

Cut-off marks for shortlisting depends on number of

vacancies and then the process is followed by

Personal Interview. GATE score is valid for three

years. Candidates who have qualifying marks in

GATE, they can apply online on the respective PSU

website. General category student (ECE) should be

under 200 rank . More tighter bound will be less than

100 rank .

PSUs recruiting ECE students through Gate are:

Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL), owned by the

Government of India and is managed by the Ministry

of Defense.

Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL), India’s

largest provider of fixed telephony and broadband

services, the 5th largest mobile telephony provider in

India.

Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL), India’s

largest power plant equipment manufacturer and

possesses an outstanding track record.

Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL), a

Government of India controlled Maharatna oil and

gas company.

Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited

(ONGC), India’s second largest publicly traded

company and the largest profit making PSU in India.

Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), a

multi-disciplinary research Centre with extensive

infrastructure for advanced research and development

covering the entire spectrum of nuclear science,

engineering and related areas.

Defense Research and Development Organization

(DRDO), India's largest and most diverse research

organization which is engaged in developing defense

technologies covering various fields, like aeronautics,

armaments, electronics etc.

Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), the

space agency which develops space technology for

national development and pursuing space science

research and planetary exploration.

National Thermal Power Corporation Ltd

(NTPC), India’s largest power generating company

which is responsible for 25% of the country’s power

generation.

Power Grid Corporation of India Limited

(POWERGRID), an Indian state-owned electric

utilities company under the name POWERTEL.

Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited

(HPCL), an Indian state-owned oil and natural gas

company with its headquarters at Mumbai,

Maharashtra.

Neyveli Lignite Corporation India Limited

(NLCIL), a 'Navratna' profit making, Government of

India Enterprise engaged in mining of lignite and

generation of power through lignite based

thermal power plants.

Benefits of PSU Jobs

Fixed working hours : you have to work 9–5 job.

There are no extra timing and shifts.

Government Job Perks: As we all are aware of the

perk & benefits of a government job and its

employees like Pension, Less work pressure,

Reputation in society,

- Inisha

- II year

ECE never backs down in any aspect. The

students of ECE: Sharan, Pranay, Gavaskar,

Rahul, P Manoj Kumar, Praisy, Ramesh,

Shashi Priya, Yamuna, Dhanraj, Srihari,

Sravan, A Ravi Teja, A Sumanth, G Aditya, J

Sindhu Sri, Spandana, B Spoorthi, took the

social responsibility to take part in election

campaigning for the general elections 2019

conducted in Andhra Pradesh state on 11th

April, 2019. They worked for the election

commission of India for webcasting and also

helped in creating awareness for the voting

process. This also added a new experience for

the students and helped them to be a bit closer

to the society.

Election Campaigning - Avinash, III year

Artificial Intelligence

VS Human

Intelligence

Without learning, everything is new; a system that cannot learn is not efficient

because it re-derives each solution and repeatedly makes the same mistakes.

DEFINITION :

Changes in a system that enables it to do the same task or tasks drawn from the

same population more efficiently and more effectively the next time.

NEURAL NETWORKS :

An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is an information processing paradigm

that is inspired by the way biological nervous systems, such as the brain,

process information. It is composed of a large number of highly interconnected

processing elements (neurons) working in unison to solve specific problems.

ANNs, like people, learn by example.

ADVANTAGES OF NEURAL NETWORKS :

1.Adaptive learning: An ability to learn how to do tasks based on the data given

for training or initial experience.

2.Self-Organization: An ANN can create its own organization or representation

of the information it receives during learning time.

3.Real Time Operation: ANN computations may be carried out in parallel, and

special hardware devices are being designed and manufactured which take

advantage of this capability.

4.Fault Tolerance via Redundant Information Coding: Partial destruction of a

network leads to the corresponding degradation of performance. However,

some network capabilities may be retained even with major network damage.

SIMPLE NEURON MODEL :

FIRING RULES - A firing rule determines how one calculates whether a

neuron should fire for any input pattern. It relates to all the input patterns, not

only the ones on which the node was trained.

A MORE COMPLICATED NEURON - The previous neuron doesn't do

anything that conventional computers don't do already. A more sophisticated

neuron is the McCulloch and Pitts model (MCP). The difference from the

previous model is that the inputs are 'weighted', the effect that each input has at

decision making is dependent on the weight of the particular input. The weight

of an input is a number which when multiplied with the input gives the

weighted input. These weighted inputs are then added together and if they

exceed a pre-set threshold value, the neuron fires. In any other case the neuron

does not fire. In mathematical terms, the neuron fires if and only if;

X1W1 + X2W2 + X3W3 + ... > T

The addition of input weights and of the threshold makes this neuron a very

flexible and powerful one. The MCP neuron has the ability to adapt to a

particular situation by changing it’s weights and/or threshold. Various

algorithms exist that cause the neuron to 'adapt'; the most used ones are the

Delta rule and the back error propagation. The former is used in feed-forward

networks and the latter in feedback networks.

FEED FORWARD NETWORKS- Feed-forward ANNs allow signals to travel

one way only; from input to output. There is no feedback (loops) i.e. the output

of any layer does not affect that same layer. Feed-forward ANNs tend to be

straight forward networks that associate inputs with outputs. They are

extensively used in pattern recognition. This type of organization is also

referred to as bottom-up or top-down.

NETWORK LAYER - The commonest type of artificial neural network

consists of three groups or layers of units namely input nodes, hidden nodes

and output nodes. The activity of the input units represents the raw information

that is fed into the network. The activity of each hidden unit is determined by

the activities of the input units and the weights on the connections between the

input and the hidden units. The behavior of the output units depends on the

activity of the hidden units and the weights between the hidden and output

units. Learning is determination of weights.

Following the way learning is performed, we can distinguish two major

categories of neural networks:

Supervised learning : In this, we train with the data that which is well labeled

that means some data is already tagged with the correct answer. After that, the

machine is provided with a new set of examples(data) so that supervised

learning algorithm analyses the training data(set of training examples) and

produces a correct outcome from labeled data.

1.Unsupervised learning : Unsupervised learning is the training of machine

using information that is neither classified nor labeled and allowing the

algorithm to act on that information without guidance. Here the task of machine

is to group unsorted information according to similarities, patterns and

differences without any prior training of data.

TRANSFER FUNCTION- The behavior of an ANN (Artificial Neural

Network) depends on both the weights and the input-output function (transfer

function) that is specified for the units. This function typically falls into one of

three categories:

1.Linear (or ramp) - the output activity is proportional to the total weighted

output.

2.Threshold - the output is set at one of the two levels, depending on whether

the total input is greater than or less than some threshold value.

3.Sigmoid - the output varies continuously but not linearly as the input

changes. Sigmoid units bear a greater resemblance to real neurons than do

linear or threshold units, but all three must be considered rough

approximations.

TRAINING THE NEURAL NETWORK- To make a neural network that

performs some specific task, we must choose how the units are connected to

one another and we must set the weights on the connections appropriately. The

connections determine whether it is possible for one unit to influence another.

The weights specify the strength of the influence.

THE BACK–PROPAGATION ALGORITHM- In order to train a neural

network to perform some task, we must adjust the weights of each unit in such

a way that the error between the desired output and the actual output is reduced.

This process requires that the neural network compute the error derivative of

the weights (EW). In other words, it must calculate how the error changes as

each weight is increased or decreased slightly. The back propagation algorithm

is the most widely used method for determining the EW.

MACHINE LEARNING

LEARNING IS A HALLMARK OF INTELLIGENCE

- Dhiraj, Lokesh

III year

1.Fixed networks in which the weights

cannot be changed, i.e. dW/dt=0. In such

networks, the weights are fixed a priori

according to the problem to solve.

2.Adaptive networks which are able to

change their weights, i.e. dW/dt ≠ 0.

All learning methods used for adaptive neural

networks can be classified into two major

categories:

In this success story, we are going to share the biography of Elon Musk, the

CEO and CTO of SpaceX, chief product architect of Tesla Motors, chairman

of Solar City, and co-founder of PayPal. Musk is also involved in developing

a high-speed transportation system known as Hyper loop and many other

revolutionary projects that pave a way to an amazing and better future. There

are many key episodes in his early life which led to his overwhelming

success, one such being Musk showing a sizable interest in computing from a

tender age, at the age of 12 he self-learned programming and sold the code for

a video game he had created called Blaster for $500, to a magazine called PC

and office 3. His early days were not always easy going, he made his first

breakthrough by selling his company Zip2 and earning $22 million from this

deal, which he used as capital for a banking website X.com and later by

selling the website he made $165 million. From here there was no looking

back for Musk. His next venture was in Space X followed by Tesla which

earned his phenomenal success and fame. Being the CEO of Tesla he came

up with many revolutionary ideas such as fully electric cars and most radical

one being self-driving cars. This idea was criticized saying that Musk is

promising autonomous vehicles in an almost unethical way. However Musk

didn’t think much of this criticism, his view is “Weak people get

discouraged by criticism. Strong people use it to their advantage. They

take the feedback from others, see if there is any truth to it, make the

improvements in their product if needed and raise their game up a

notch. He says that this is how winning is done!” Recently, in December

2015, Elon Musk has also announced the creation of Open AI, a not-for-profit

artificial intelligence (AI) research company. It aims to develop artificial

general intelligence that is safe and beneficial to humanity. He called AI

more dangerous than nuclear warheads and said there needs to be a regulatory

body overseeing the development of super intelligence. It wants to make AI

available to everyone, and reduce the power from the corporations who own

super-intelligence systems devoted to profits, as well as governments which

may use AI to gain power and even oppress the people. Though he undertook

many projects related to AI Elon Musk he is still a bit skeptical and fearful

about what some may call AI apocalypse may come into reality so he

announced his new venture brain-computer interface company “Neuralink” to

combat the rise of AI. Musk explained that this firm’s goal is to turn cloud-

based AI into an extension of the human brain. The company will aim to

create (and bring to market) a product that can help those with severe brain

injuries. Its product, which will be developed within the next four years will

eventually lead humans to be able to communicate by “consensual telepathy”.

And lastly, he says that during his journey – the most important and valuable

lesson that he has learned and still follows is that….“The most difficult

thing in life will be to come up with the right questions!” As the saying

goes, asking the right questions take as much skill as finding the right

answers and often times posing the right question can be a moment of a great

breakthrough.

Elon Musk - Dhiraj, III year

Amith, II year

PAGE 3

Service

For all those who think that IITs and NITs restrict themselves on education,

here is the big step taken by a team of students and faculty from IIT

Kharagpur for Cyclone victims. This shelter provided great support for the

recent Fani Cyclone victims.

Machine Learning In Genomics - Samradh Sharma, II year

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is everywhere. Possibility is

that you are using it in one way or the other and you don’t

even know about it. One of the popular applications of AI

is Machine Learning (ML), in which computers, software,

and devices perform via cognition (very similar to human

brain). Artificial intelligence is not as dramatic as

Hollywood portrays. In many ways it has already become

very much we are using ; Google Translate, facial

recognition or voice operated devices such as Alexa or

Siri. What does machine learning offer to biological

vision scientists? It was developed as a tool for automated

classification, optimized for accuracy. Machine learning

is used in a broad range of applications from regression in

stock market forecasting to reinforcement learning to play

chess. Physiologists use it to identify stimuli based on

neural activity. To study perception, physiologists

measure neural activity and psychophysicists measure

over responses, like pressing a button. Artificial

intelligence and machine learning in genomics have

become something of buzzwords over the last few years.

A genome is an organism’s complete set of DNA,

including all of its genes. Each genome contains all of the

information needed to build and maintain that organism

and study of genomes is called “GENOMICS”. Machine

learning have made easy the prediction of genome .It

helps in predicting the regions of the genome code for

proteins. Current applications of machine learning in

genomics appear to fall under the following two

categories:

1. Genome sequencing (particularly as it applies to

precision medicine): Researchers are using machine

learning to identify patterns within high volume genetic

data sets. These patterns are then translated to computer

models which may help predict an individual’s

probability of developing certain diseases or help inform

the design of potential therapies.

2. Direct-to-Consumer genomics: This category

encompasses companies who offer genomic sequencing

services to individual consumers. Companies are using

machine learning to achieve greater depth in the

interpretation of genetic information such as how an

individual’s genes may impact their weight.

The main application of machine learning in genomics

are in Genome Sequencing, Gene Editing, Clinical

Workflow and many more . Future Applications of

Machine Learning in Genomics are in

Pharmacogenomics , Newborn Genetic Screening Tools,

Agriculture (to help improve soil quality and crop yield)

and many more . One particular estimate postulates that

by 2025 the predictive genetic testing and consumer

genomics market worth will reach $4.6 billion . Machine

learning in genomics is currently impacting multiple

touch points including how genetic research is

conducted, how clinicians provide patient care and the

accessibility of genomics to individuals interested in

learning more about how their heredity may impact their

health.

V. Keerthi Priya – 1st May

Tarun Adipe – 3rd May

Lokesh Vajja – 7th May

Shivani Varanasi – 10th May

Meher Kumar – 13th May

Sanjoosha Makani – 29th May

Ashish Miyapuram – 30th May

PIC OF MONTH

EDITORS

DESIGNERS

M R L V V BHARATHI

C SAI SRI VIDYA

AVINASH H

K MANOJ

-Jithendra

(III ECE)

UPCOMING EVENTS IN OTHER INSTITUTIONS:

IIT BOMBAY- May 4(9:30 am to 6:00pm) One day workshop on SCILAB

IIT MADRAS- May 4 to 5- Workshop on internet of things (IOT)

-May 13(9 am to 5 pm)- Kaizen robotics program

IIT DELHI -May 30 (9 am to 6 pm)- Case Study Competition

NIT ROURKELA- May 20- Pre-conference Workshop on DSPACE

Sending you smiles for every moment of your special day. Have a wonderful time and a very HAPPY BIRTHDAY!!

A belt of cyclone shelter homes built by students and faculty of IIT Kharagpur for cyclone victims

PAGE 4