A PRACTICAL TRAINING SEMINAR ON NHPC FARIDABAD.

A PRACTICAL TRAINING SEMINAR ON NHPC FARIDABADSUBMITTED TO- SUBMITTEBD BY- Mr. SANDEEP TOSHNIWAL AMARDEEPH.O.D (ECE)

CONTENTSINTRODUCTIONA SCHEMATIC VIEW OF HYDRO POWER PLANTHISTORY OF HYDRO POWER PLANTHOW A HYDROELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM WORKSNATIONAL POLICY ON HYDROPOWER IN INDIATURBINESPOWER HOUSEPOWER GENERATIONADVANTAGES OF HYDRO POWER PLANTDISADVANTAGES OF HYDRO POWER PLANTCONCLUSIONINTRODUCTION Hydroelectric power (hydropower) systems convert the kinetic energy in flowing water into electric energy.

Falling or flowing water turns a propeller like piece called a turbine.

The turbine turns a metal shaft in an electric generator which produces electricity.

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HISTORY OF HYDROPOWER The first hydroelectric power dam in the world was built in Appleton, Wisconsin in 1882.

In India, Jamshed ji Tata built the first hydroelectric power dam in the Western Ghats of Maharashtra in the early 1900s to supply power to Bombays Cotton and Textile Mills.

He took the British Governments permission to build dams, namely the Andhra, Sirowata, Valvan and Mulshi hydel dams in the Western Ghats to generate electricity using high rainfalls in the hills as storage.

HOW A HYDROELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM WORKS? Flowing water is directed at a turbine.

The flowing water causes the turbine to rotate, converting the waters kinetic energy into mechanical energy.

6The mechanical energy produced by the turbine is converted into electric energy using a turbine generator. Inside the generator, the shaft of the turbine spins a magnet inside coils of copper wire. It is a fact of nature that moving a magnet near a conductor causes an electric current.7

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NATIONAL POLICY ON HYDROPOWER IN INDIA Aim To accelerate the development of HydropowerIntroduced In 1998Introduced by Ministry of Power (MoP) and Government of India (GoI) With Central, State and Private hydropower projects contributing 3455 MW, 5810 and 550 MW respectively, the GoI aims to reach the total capacity of 9815 MW during the ninth plan. (The XIth Plan aims capacity addition of 18781 MW in the hydropower sector)

TURBINES turbines are used to convert the energy water of falling water into mechanical energy.

water turbine is a rotaryenginethat takes energy from moving water.

flowing water is directed on to the blades of a turbine runner, creating a force on the blades. 10Since the runner is spinning, the force acts through a distance n this way, energy is transferred from the water flow to the turbine.The principal types of turbines are:1)Impulse turbine2)Reaction Turbine

11Impulse turbines : Mainly used in high head plants. the entire pressure of water is converted into kinetic energy in a nozzle and the velocity of the jet drives the blades of turbine. The nozzle consist of a needle, and quantity of water jet falling on the turbine is controlled this needle placed in the tip of the nozzle. If the load on the turbine decreases, the governor pushes the needle into the nozzle, thereby reducing the quantity of water striking the turbine.12Examples of Impulse turbines are:PeltonWheel.TurgoMichell-Banki (also known as the Cross flow or Ossberger turbine.13 PELTON TURBINE

14Reaction turbines : Are mainly for low and medium head plants. In reaction turbine the water enters the runner partly with pressure energy and partly with velocity head. Most water turbines in use are reaction turbines and are used in low (