A Roadmap

ITU-T Recommendation. Y.2001:◦ A Next Generation Network (NGN) is a packet-based

network able to provide Telecommunication Services and able to make use of multiple broadband, QoS-enabled transport technologies and in which service-related functions are independent from underlying transport-related technologies. It enables unfettered access for users and networks to competing service providers and/or services of their choice. It supports generalized mobility which will allow consistent and ubiquitous provision of services to users

Generalized Mobility Convergence btw. Fixed & Mobile

Unfettered Access Any Device Scenario

Separation Services with Transport Architecture and Open API

QoS-enabled Transport

Multiple-BroadbandManageable Broadband

NGNNGNOpen interfaces

Packet-based network

Quick introduction of new services

Separation of service, control,media and access

Voice, Data Multimedia Services

Multi-vendor interoperability

• Separation between Services and Transport

• Independence between Access and Services

• Generalized Mobility with Broadband capability

• Packet based network support QoS and Security

• Control - Session based

Access

Transport

Services

5

Service A Service B

Separated control

NB Wireless

BB Wireless

BB Wireline

IP/MPLS Transport Core

Management

Service Layer

Control Layer

Access Layer

Open interfaces

SIP

H.248 QoS Mechanism

FMC

Usage Measurement

Transport Layer

Databases

> Three-Party model : the call is a network service> Quality of Service (QoS) guaranteed by resource

reservation, state maintenance, and proper network dimensioning

> Universal reach through interconnection agreements at service level and a universal naming for the telephony service

> Charging related to the amount of used service

Operator 1 Operator 2

Merged Application, Control and Media Transport Planes

> Two-Party model: communication applications hosted by end-users

> QoS at transport level ensured following explicit user requests

> Interconnection agreements limited to transport: universal reach per application ensured by proper naming and Server Interconnection

> Charging related to amount of transported data

Operator 1 Operator 2

Separate Application, Control and Transport Planes

ASAS

Should borrow the best from◦ Telephony : service offer with associated revenues◦ Internet : flexibility and openness towards new

applications

> Three key properties of a converged next generation network• Network services: centered around person to person

communication – Provide the essential revenue stream to network operators

• Broadband access: Always-on in native packet mode – Ensure end users capability of using new applications and services

• Other Applications and Services: offered by 3rd party providers– Brokered by the network operator with QoS guarantee or...– Accessed by end user as in Internet mode without service guarantee

Fixed Network

Mobile

Wireless

Internet

Broadcasting

Cable TV

Others

ICT

Convergences

MPLS Core

Data Services

Voice Services

Video Services

Any Combination of

Services

14

PSTN/ISDN

Radio Access Network InterworkedNetwork

IS95A/B/1x Base Station System

BTS BSC/PCF

PSTN/ISDN

Circuit Switched (CS) domain

A1/A2/A5

SCP HLR

Core Network

A10/A11

IP backboneNetwork

Packet Switched (PS) domain

HAInternetIntranet

MSC-VLR

G-MSC

MAP

MAP

MAP

SMS SC

Pi

otherPLMN

PDSN

AAA

IP transport

Access Network InterworkedNetwork

PSTN/ISDN

otherPLMN

SCPe HLRe

Core Network

MSCe

BTS BSC

ALL-IP BSS

A1p

MSCeSIP-T

MAPMAP

MGWMGW

H.248 / MEGACO

based

H.248 / MEGACO

based

Legacy BSS

BTS BSCA1

A2p

A2

IP backboneNetworkPDSN

InternetIntranetPi

HA

Packet Data System

A10/A11

AAA

Other IP/IMS Network

InterworkingNetwork

Legacy/PSTN

ApplicationServer

HSS

Core Network

CSCF

BTSBSCPCF

ALL-IP RAN

A

Diameter SIP

H.248

HAAGW

SIP

Packet Data System

IP Multimedia Domain

MRFPDF

BGCF

MGW

MGCF

IP Multimedia System

Access Network

Trends say it all

Tariff O

&M

Cost

PSTN

Cu

stom

ers

Retu

rns T

raffi

c

Mobile, Internet

Custo

mers

O&

M E

ffort

There is a need to keep network costs as low as possible

Mobile Traffic is increasing but is shared between many operators

Data traffic showing growth primarily with Broadband access

Broadband access emerging as the key demand on all type of user terminals

Video

Instant Messaging

Voice

DataInternet

Presence-driven Services

PushToTalk

Location-Based Services

Voice & DataPost-Paid

Converged VPN

Micro Payments

Voice & DataPre-Paid--

MultimediaCommerce

IntegrationEnterprise Integration

Custom RingbackTone

Find-Me,Follow Me

Games

Alerting Services(Weather, Traffic)

WholesaleServices

Enterprise & Small BusinessServices

ConsumerServices

31

32

Current fixed line broadband does not offer mobility or nomadism◦ Solution required for offering Generalized Mobility

QoS when unfettered access is available has to be made more broad based

Multiple access methods for BB access need to be integrated◦ Fixed, Wireless, Mobile, Satellite BB access

Services determine Bandwidth requirements◦ Choice of right mix of services and access methods

need to be weighed to make the subscriber offerings

34

Bandwidth Requirements

Service Bandwidth(downstream)

QoS Requirement

Broadcast TV (MPEG-2) 2 to 6Mb/s Parameterized

HDTV (MPEG-4) 6 to 12Mb/s Parameterized

PPV or NVoD 2 to 6Mb/s Prioritized

VoD 2 to 6Mb/s Prioritized

Picture in Picture (MPEG-2) up to 12Mb/s Parameterized

PVR 2 to 6Mb/s Prioritized

Interactive TV up to 3Mb/s Best effort

High-speed Internet 3 to 10Mb/s Best effort

Video Conferencing 300 to 750Kb/s Prioritized

Voice/Video Telephony 64 to 750Kb/s Prioritized

35

Access Network Technologies

10m

100m

10km1km

10Mb/s

100Mb/s

1Gb/s

Data

Rate

Distance from Subscriber

1Mb/s

FTTH: EPON, GPON

FTTC/B: FLC, EPON, GPON100Mb/s: VDSL2

FTTN: FLC, EPON, GPON

20Mb/s:VDSL2, ADSL2+

10Mb/s: VDSL, ADSL2

1Mb/s: ADSL

TriplePlayService

HighSpeedInternet

copper

optical fiber

Internet

Ethernet over Fiber

DataCenter

InternetData Center

Ethernet over RPR

DataCenter

Ethernet over SDH/DWDM

39

Extension of “Quality of Service”

Meaningful QoS for Multimedia over Convergences

Quality of Security Quality of MediaQuality of Mobility

•Network AAA; Terminal, User,Mobility, Access etc.

• End-End QoS• QoS Monitoring• Service Policy handover

• RT Mobility control• Service Continuity

control• Security support

Quality of Personalization

• One-stop Service• Service AAA • Personalized service

Open/Control

40

Facilitating contents delivery over various convergence situation

Supporting Mobility, Seamless handover etc. Minimizing Terminal and Network processing Identity Processing (multiple identity

requirements) in Converged Environment

41

User Id:Earth-India-

Man:APJ-19yy-mm-dd

- Certified by ITU -

User ID Customer ID

Family 1

Family 2

Family 3

Family 4

MobilePhone Nr

Fixed Phone Nr

WiFiWiBro

Id

Cable/IPTV

Id

InternetId

Service ID

Line ID

E.164 ID

MAC ID

ATM/Ethernet

ID

IP Address

TCP/UDP Port ID

Session ID

Media ID

Provider ID

Content Owner ID

Comm. ID

Core IP/MPLS Network

NOC

SPDF + ARACFSPDF + ARACFSPDF + ARACFSPDF + ARACF

Broadband Access

SSSC

Broadband Multiplay N/w

MGCF +AGCFGMSC +

SGSN

PSTNNetwork

SG

MG MG

MG

GSMNetwork

AAA +LDAP

GGSN

CSCFCSCFCSCFCSCF

HSS, AS and other service appln component

NOC

Part of NIB-II

OSS• Performance• Fault• Monitoring• Provisioning

MGW

Core IP/MPLS Network

WiFi Hotspots

IP-phones

Access

Voice

Corporate / SOHO / Home

Dev

ices

Tra

nsp

ort

Converged Network ArchitectureConverged Network Architecture

mCommerce & Advertising

APPLICATIONS

Customer LAN & Soft Phone

SDTV/ HDTV

Optical Transport Network

Video Conference

NOC

ProbesNMSEMS

OSS• Performance• Fault• Monitoring• Provisioning

IPTV / VoD

Residential & Corporate Broadband

VoIP Ring Back tone

CUG Services

Phone

Gaming & Multimedia

High speed Internet

GSM/CDMAHSDPA /EV-DO

Session Session ManagerManagerSession Session ManagerManager

CentralizedCentralizedDatabasesDatabasesCentralizedCentralizedDatabasesDatabases

GatewayGateway

Softswitch

ControllerController

VOD InternetIPTV

High speed Internet

WiMaxAcc

ess

Ses

sio

nC

on

tro

l

Policy driven◦ Dynamic control of any aspect of routing and

forwarding from layer above Performance

◦ Performance for real time traffic QoS/SLA guarantees

◦ End to end scalable QoS◦ It should provide isolation among various traffic

classes. Real time & non real time service support One to one, one to many and many to many

communications support

Should support various types of traffic.

Security◦ Safeguards against security as per standards

Availability◦ Five 9s availability

Flexibility◦ Adherence to open interfaces for evolution and

customization is necessary. OAM

◦ Connectivity and fault localization to be supported like in SDH, to be carrier class

Scalability◦ These networks shall be large is size hence scaling

to high traffic volumes shall be essential

46

There may be a need to regulate contents in the context of NGN. Responsibility of network provider relating to content carried on the network be limited to identify the source of the content generation as long as it is provided by content providers

Bulk selling and virtual network operations in the context of NGN needs to be considered

Service providers should have full flexibility to have mutually agreed SLAs to provide end-to-end QoS for various applications

There will be need to have interconnect exchanges for exchange of IP traffic in NGN environment. However, it is recommended that the modalities of functioning of such exchange may be decided at appropriate time

Present restrictions of setting up switching centers within the licensed area may be re-looked. Service providers may be provided flexibility to set up switching centers and transmission centers based on requirement anywhere within India de-linking from licensed area concept and do interconnection at least at one point in each licensed area

Mandatory interconnection between telecom networks should continue. However, all NGN service providers should ensure interconnection to all existing telecom service providers by putting suitable equipments for providing interconnection to existing service providers

A committee may be formed under the aegis of Telecom Engineering Center (TEC) to work out country specific NGN standards and develop interface approval mechanism for NGN equipments to ensure smooth inter-operability subsequently

Emergency number dialing from IP telephony subscribers be mandated, however, methodologies of such implementation be left to service providers

Authentication of calling and called party identification be mandated, however, its implementation be left to individual service providers

Two NGN operators are to be interconnected through Session Border Controller (SBC), having support for different physical interfaces. All the interfaces should be provided with adequate redundancy with no single point of failure for that device◦ The Session Border Controller (SBC) may be a

standalone separate device or SBC functionalities may be achieved through softswitch

◦ NGN and traditional PSTN/PLMN are to be interconnected through Media Gateway and Signalling Gateway

TEC is to prepare Interface Requirement (IR) for connectivity between two NGN networks

The following standards based signalling protocols are expected to be used in Next Generation Network (NGN):◦ SIGTRAN - between PSTN/PLMN and IP networks ◦ H.248 - between Media Gateway and Media Gateway

Controller◦ SIP, SIP-T/SIP-I - between two IP networks & between

PSTN/PLMN and IP networks◦ H.323/SIP-T/SIP-I - for international Connectivity◦ For delivery of content (voice/data/video etc.), RTP/RTCP

protocol is to be used.◦ TEC needs to prepare National Generic

Requirements/Standards for the signalling protocols interfaces and also examine Interoperability issues

The Centralised Lawful Monitoring System (CMS)should be under the Government agency, say VTM cell of DoT and having connectivity with all service providers, LEAs and VTMs of DoT. Provisioning of targets as warranted by Law Enforcing Agencies (LEAs) should be done from CMS by DoT (VTM) without the intervention of service providers. TEC to prepare Generic Interface Specification for CMS”

NGN-eCO acknowledged that security is of paramount importance to any network. Therefore, TEC may be asked to work on various aspects of security for the country keeping in view the global trends

National Numbering Plan needs to be modified to include NGN. TEC to study and give detailed recommendations

Session Border Controllers (SBC) functionality as described in para 3.1 should be used at borders, between two NGN operators. Calling party identification must be mandatory for routing the call in NGN networks

In the short-term, existing billing mechanisms may continue as it is in PSTN/PLMN for inter-operator/inter-carrier reconciliation and subscriber billing, which requires generation of CDR/IPDR records. In the long term, interconnect billing may be based on various other parameters such as bandwidth used, requiring alternative record keeping mechanisms which would depend on the methodology adopted for Inter Carrier settlement

Service provider must have mechanism for traffic measurement to cover VoIP traffic measurement, voice intrusive & non-intrusive performance measurements etc

QOS ISSUES◦ Various network QoS classes to be defined for service

offered through NGN network◦ IP Packet Transfer Delay (IPTD), IP Packet Delay Variation

(IPDV), IP Packet Error Ratio (IPER) , IP Packet Loss Ratio (IPLR), for real time/ non real time voice, data, video and streaming multimedia services. This should be defined for various classes of service separately

◦ In case of VoIP, toll quality and non toll quality parameters shall be defined. Customers should be made aware of the difference in Quality and tariff between the two services, by service providers. Interconnection congestion limit should be specified. Some percentage level should be defined for bandwidth utilization. Call Completion rate within network and across networks (inter network)

QoS End to End - Across Networks◦ Apportionment of impairment objectives among

operators and number of operators that could be allowed in a particular scenario also needs to be worked out

◦ Guaranteed Bandwidth, Bandwidth on demand and Throughput i.e. effective data transfer rate measured in bits per second need to be specified particularly in NGN scenario

IPv6 implementation will be desirable for migration to NGN. However the need and time to migrate to IPv6 be left to service providers

NGN-eCO acknowledges the importance of net neutrality in NGN environment, however feels that no regulatory intervention is required at this stage

A committee under aegis of Telecom Engineering Center (TEC) be constituted to study requirement of network synchronization and suggest methodologies of its implementation by various service providers across the networks. Based on the recommendation of TEC, DOT may issue directions which shall be compulsorily implemented by all service providers

57

Soft switch

Line MediaGateway

Common IP MPLS Transport

Line MediaGateway

2B+DADSL/ADSL2+

SHDSLV5.2

PRI

AN

TMGE1s Local / Rural

Exchanges

RSU

SSTP Network

SBCApplication

ServerOther Networks

Technology Total No. of Exchanges (MSUs) %age of Exchange Equipped

Capacity% Equipped Capacity Working DELs & % Working DELs % Loading

NEAX-61E 7 0.22% 83,219 0.18% 23,543 0.07% 28.29%

OCB-283 338 10.78% 8,967,304 19.28% 6,819,965 20.42% 76.05%

AXE-10 25 0.80% 921,353 1.98% 747,288 2.24% 81.11%

5-ESS 89 2.84% 2,249,018 4.83% 1,713,398 5.13% 76.18%

EWSD 179 5.71% 5,198,746 11.18% 3,742,849 11.21% 72.00%

FETEX-150L 16 0.51% 353,301 0.76% 180,761 0.54% 51.16%

C-DOT (SBM) 106 3.38%

C-DOT (MAX-L) 408 13.01% 24,002,553 51.60% 17,192,294 51.47% 71.63%

C-DOT (MAX-XL) 1,784 56.89%

E-10 B 184 5.87% 4,744,696 10.20% 2,982,338 8.93% 62.86%

Total 3,136 100.00% 46,520,190 100.00% 33,402,436 100.00% 71.80%

  As on 31.05.2007 As on 31.03.2008 As on 31.03.2009 As on 31.03.2010 As on 31.12.2010

Basic Telephone

Total Number of connections

33,149,457 31,491,984 29,917,385 28,421,516 27,000,440

WLL

Total Number of connections

3,599,544 5,400,000 8,400,000 10,800,000 12,840,000

Mobile

Total Number of connections

28,423,283 56,430,000 92,430,000 128,430,000 155,430,000

Internet

Total Number of connections

2,747,624 2,827,000 3,675,100 4,777,630 6,210,919

Broadband

Total Number of connections

1,120,000 7,480,000 13,480,000 19,480,000 23,980,000

IPTV

Total Number of connections

  200,000 1,400,000 2,600,000 3,800,000

Total 103,828,984 149,302,485 194,509,146 229,261,359

61

Access Layer◦ Fixed Line Access is designed for voice◦ To be made capable of Broad band Multimedia access

such that speeds in access are compatible with those in Wireless (42Mbps for HSPA, EVDO Rev ‘C’) so that FMC can be exploited

◦ Copper can give speed up to 26 Mbps only within 500 m◦ FTTH, FTTB, FTTC is the solution

62

Transport Layer◦ IP/MPLS is currently available in 106 cities◦ There is an immediate need for extending it to 322 SSAs

for IP TAX◦ By extending it to District and Taluka levels in addition

to facilitating NGN other opportunities like SWAN can also be exploited

◦ It is Hub & Spoke model at national level which limits its scalability

◦ Similar models need to be replicated at Circle level◦ The networks at Circle level can preferably be

autonomous systems

63

Control Layer◦ IP TAX will introduce control elements for interfacing

with PSTN to NGN ◦ Current 45.5 Million CMTS tender will introduce 3G R6

and IMS solution◦ The above two implementations will provide platform for

adoption of Fully Converged Network Architecture based on IMS for Fixed, Mobile, FMC with future upgrades

Service Layer◦ Full services possible after above two projects◦ However, SIP based services can be introduced even

now

64

Offered services to have the following features: ◦ Mobility: It should be possible for users to register

dynamically their current location so that they can be contacted when mobile using a publicized address

◦ Forking: It should be possible to associate multiple devices with a single address, so that all or a selection of these devices can be contacted simultaneously or in succession

◦ Features Negotiation: It should be possible for the users to negotiate media and protocol extensions to be used for a particular call for setting up any type of media conversation, including voice, video and messaging

65

Offered services to have the following features: ◦ Applications Flexibility: It should be possible to

define, create and implement new applications in the network. The new applications may be built up on separate Application Servers which may be located in the same network / domain or in some other network / domain.

◦ Combinational services: It should be possible to combine different services into one service e.g., instant messaging and voice

Pilot Project for 200 KC IP TAX equipment◦ This will introduce IP in transit network

Plan to add 6.4 million Class-4 Transit capacity in 2008-2009 through IP TAX

Plan to Strengthen SSTP Networks to become the de-facto Signaling Network in BSNL◦ Can be used for Local Number Portability and MNP

Replacement of Legacy switches nearing expiry/expired switches to begin from 2008-2009 by Next Generation Switching Architecture

Plan to introduce SIP based services in 2008-2009 Migration to IMS and introduction of new

applications ◦ Applications like presence information, videoconferencing,

multiparty gaming, community services and content sharing to roll out in a phased manner from 2009

For WLL Migration to LSMD from next procurement and Migration to MMD to begin from 2009◦ EVDO Rev “A” Hardware has already been asked for in the

current WLL Tender◦ To have year wise procurement plans for WLL in line with

the developments of EVDO Rev “B” (2008-09) and EVDO Rev “C” (2009-2010) standards

To 3GPP Release 7 to integrate WLAN into NGN / IMS Core from next WiMAX procurement

To migrate the Fixed Line Access, which at present is designed for Voice, to Broadband by a suitable mix of Wireless Access, Copper, FTTH, FTTB and FTTC solutions◦ To add FTTH to 500,000 ports in 2008; 700,000 in 2009

and 800,000 in 2010 ◦ To introduce FTTB and FTTC with VDSL2 wherever

feasible; Tentative target may be 9 Million To introduce Mobility in Broadband in 2009-2010 To have IP backbone at Circle, Zonal and National

level

To extend IP core from 106 locations to all SSAs in 2008-2009 and to all DHQs in 2009-2010◦ Introduce IPv6 in IP Core◦ 24 Core nodes to be fully meshed by STM-256 links to

support Terabit throughput in Core Full redundancy to be built in the core by having two

routers at each location◦ The existing routers at Core locations to be moved to

secondary layer◦ Secondary nodes at Circle level to be connected to Core

nodes at with 10 Gbps, 2.5 Gbps dual links Full migration to NGN with replacement of PSTN

by 2015

STM-4/STM-1 : 622 Mb/s

L2 to L3 cities : 2746

STM-16/STM-4-2.5Gb/s

L1 to L2 322 SSAs

L-1 to L-121 cities

32 channel 2.5G-DWDM – 80Gb/sEquipped for 40Gb/s

DWDM : 80 Gb/s

L2 to L3 cities : 2746

32 Channel 2.5G-DWDM

L1 to L2 322 SSAs

L-1 to L-121 cities

40 channel 10G-DWDM : 400Gb/s

National/SSADWDM Network

City DWDM OADM Network

MSPP Ring Network STM-16 STM-64 Rings

STM-16/4/1 Rings

STM-16/4/1 Rings

NIB Gatewa

y

COT ring

RTs

COT

ring

COT

ring

COT

ring

COT ring

Router

Video server

Media Gatewa

y

LE/Tandem/

TAX

GSM MSCs

RSUs/ RLUs/Lease

d lines

RSUs/ RLUs/Lease

d lines

40 Chl – 10G Tera bit DWDM Backbone

Proposed

32 Chl – 2.5 G DWDM Backbone Proposed

Multi ADM On LH links

ProposedMADMs & MSPP STM-16

City Access rings or SDCAs Rings

STM-1 and CPE City

Access Rings

NIB Routers / BB Lan Switches/ COTs/ BSCs/

TAXs/

GSM BTS /DLCs /DSLAMs/RSUs/Customers

L1

L2

2048 X 2048 High end OXC Proposed +

MADMs

ASON enabled High end OXC

Proposed

STM-64 Endlinks for GSM MSCs

L3

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4Calender Year

WLL

AXE-10, 5ESS through TMG

AXE-10, 5ESS Replacement

GSM

C-DoT MAX-L/MAX-XL Migration to

Class-5 SIP Based Services Pilot

IMS Core Layer and Services

E-10B, NEAX, FETEX-150L Replacement

MPLS Core

2008 2009 2010 2011

C-DoT AN thorugh TMG

EWSD Migration to AGW

OCB-283 Migration to AGW

1.00 M Lines

1.36 M Lines 2.04 M Lines 3.40 M Lines

0.76 M Lines 1.14 M Lines 1.90 M Lines

7.00 M Lines

0.06 M Lines

6.00 M Users

1.00 M Lines 2.16 M Lines

100.0 M Users

40 G Core150 POPs

40 G Core, 50 POPsRACF, NASS

3.00 M LinesEVDO Rev 'A'

2.4 0 M LinesEVDO Rev 'B'

2.80 M LinesEVDO Rev 'C'

1.45 M Lines

1.00 M Lines

36.0 M Lines50% 2G, 50% 3G

36. 0 M Lines50% 2G, 50% 3G

36.0 M Lines50% 2G, 50% 3G

E-Connectivity E-Agriculture E-Governance E-Commerce E-Education E-Health E-Entertainment

Thanks