Introduction

Managing Information Systems

Lee SCHLENKER – EMLYON

Newcastle Business School

April 17th, 2012

• Focuses today on use scenarios of how innovative forms of IT can help management engage business differently

• Has directed missions for firms including Apple, Ernst & Young, IBM, Microsoft, Oracle and SAP in the manufacturing, telecommunications, public works and service industries   

• Author of three books, several dozen articles, has facilitated fifty corporate workshops and conferences throughout Europe

• Chair of Emerging Economies and Technologies at EMLYON• Managing Director of LHST sarl• Visiting Professor at the University of Newcastle

LHST : The Value Architects™

http://leeschlenker.comwww.lhstech.comwww.emlyon.com

Dr. Lee Harris SCHLENKERputs enterprise IT to work in supporting your customers’ success stories

What is an information system?

Objectives IS Information

Problem Internet

©2010 EMLYON

What is our organizational focus?

What are we trying to improve?

What knowledge do we need to capture?

What can we leverage to improve the system?

How will we measure the results?

Focus Improve Knowledge Leverage Measure

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Course Agenda

Objectives IS Information

Problem Internet

©2010 EMLYON

What is our organizational focus?

What are we trying to do?

What knowledge do we need to capture?

What can we leverage to improve the system?

How will we measure the results?

Focus Improve Knowledge Leverage Measure

Process Centric

? ? ? ? ?

Social Networks

? ? ? ? ?

Search ? ? ? ? ?

Mobility ? ? ? ? ?

©2012 EMLYON

What does the data mean?

Frame

Cloud

Figure (s)

Oracle

Antonello da Messina

Objectives IS Information

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©2010 EMLYON

Via.me

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• What is the frame (beliefs, prejudices, experience) that determines what we see?

• How do the figures interact (aptitudes and competences)?

• What is the role of technology (in this case technology) : to do it for us,? tell us what to do? to provoke discussion?

• What determines the horizon (one, two or three point perspective of how we measure progress in moving forward)?

This visual exercise will explore your perspective on how IT can impact organizational performance

Pictures, videos, activity streams

What role does IT play in innovation?

Objectives IS Information

Problem Internet

©2010 EMLYON

IT Doesn’t Matter

• Nicolas Carr compares IT to previous tech revolutions such as railroads and electricity. In what ways is IT different?

• What proof can you offer that information technology in business no longer provides competitive advantage?

• Does the pervasiveness of IT mean there will be less innovation now?

• Hasn't competitive advantage come from unique use of the technology, not just from the technology itself? What examples can you give?

• Do recent advances in Cloud Computing and Mobile Applications confirm or contradict Nicolas Carr's claims?

Objectives IS Information

Problem Internet

©2012 EMLYON

The objectives

Understand the basics

        • Study the fundamentals of an

Information System• Analyze the constraints and possibilites

of « structured » information• Explore how the potential links between

an IS and organizational learning• Analyze the potential value of 2.0

technologies

Objectives IS Information

Problem Internet

©2010 EMLYON

Why is studying IS important?

        • Understanding the implications

between « structured » and « unstructured data »

• Analyzing the difference between the data and reality

• Understanding how the data fits together

• Exploring the difference between data and action

Objectives IS Information

Problem Internet

©2010 EMLYON

Evaluation

• One group and one individual assignment

• A group mashup highlighting the conflicts, aptitudes, roadmap and metrics of using IT in a professional setting – 30 percent

• An original case study presenting your analysis of how information technology has impacted organizational performance – 70 percent

Objectives IS Information

Problem Internet

©2012 EMLYON

The Problem

©2006 LHST sarl

Trends in the workplace

• Economic transformation: The transformation from a manufacturing-based economy to a services-based economy now underway throughout the developed world will accelerate.

• One World of Business. Political and economic dynamics are forging a single global market, a global workforce, global customers, partners, and suppliers.

• Always On, Always Connected. The challenges of the “always on, always connected” world will be converting information into insights; managing time and staying focused on high priority tasks

• The Transparent Organization. The systems that make organizations more agile also make them more accountable.

• NetGen Meets Baby Boom. Workers who will be delivering the innovations and productivity growth of tomorrow, this technology not only won’t come as a surprise, it will be a positive expectation.

• Competing for Talent in a Shrinking Workforce: Because demographics show an aging, shrinking workforce in most of the developed world over the next 50 years, maximizing the productivity of the workers that are available is critical.

Objectives IS Information

Problem Internet

©2012 EMLYON

Convergence?

• Globalization : the increasingly circulation of information across borders.

• Technical progression: the transformation of communication « atoms to bits »

• Economic integration: vertical and horizontal integration to profit from economies of scale

• Social innovation: human attempts to create new forms of expression

• Multitasking : individual efforts to use multiple communication platforms

Henry JenkinsObjectives IS Information

Problem Internet

©2006 LHST sarl

The management of meaning

• The assumption of order• The assumption of rational

choice• The assumption of

intentional capacity• The assumption of identity

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Commoditisation

• Over the last 70 years we have repeatly seen proof of innovation in IT : the spreadsheet, the ERP system, Social Network Applications

• In the early days, companies created their own legacy systems to put these ideas into practice

• As the technologies matured, companies editors standardized these applications in the form of products.

• Inevitably these products become simple commodities

Simon Wardley, "Cloud Computing - Why IT Matters"

©2012 EMLYON

Information

©2012 EMLYON

Data, Knowledge and Action

Results

Actions

Knowledge

Context

DataProcess

Interprets

Decisions

Measures

Obtain

Define

Require

Drive

The ladder of initiatives™

Objectives IS Information

Problem Internet

©2012 EMLYON

The defintion of information

• From an objective point of view, information refers to date in context that conveys meaning to an individual. 

• From a subjective point of view, we could suggest that it’s the individual’s perspective of the data that implies meaning.  

• Given these definitions what meaning do Wikileaks, Twitter, or Facebook have?

Objectives IS Information

Problem Internet

©2012 EMLYON

Structured data

• Structured data refers to data that cabn be easily represented in textual/numeric form and stored in a database.

• Structured data is often logically organized around a data model or data object.

• Such models permit companies to compare and aggregate data in databases, datamarts and data warehouses.

Objectives IS Information

Problem Internet

©2012 EMLYON

Non-structured data

• Data is considered « non-structured » if we can’t predefine its attributes and store it in a table or data base

• Examples of this kind of data include press clippings, videoclips, and songs

• In reality, this data isn’t « non-structured » - its just that its attributes involve « complex » relationships

http://jean.marie.gouarne.online.fr/bi.html

Objectives IS Information

Problem Internet

©2012 EMLYON

Information Systems

EMM MIS

©2010 LHST sarl

©2012 EMLYON

Defining an Information System

A business information system is an organized set of resources (platforms, applications, procedures, data and

people) that capture the meaning of work

Objectives IS Information

Problem Internet

©2012 EMLYON

The objectives of an IS

To help us understand the motivations, experience and objectives of the internal and external clients of the organization

Actifs Demandes en temps réel ...

Actionnaires

Compétition “made in” “made by” ...

Société

Peu de barrières d’entrée Acquisitions, OPA ...

Partenaires

Fidélité ? Vrai coûts ...

Clients

L’organisationL’organisation

Mobilité Valorisation des tâches ...

Employées

Objectives IS Information

Problem Internet

©2012 EMLYON

The traditional description of an IS

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Are information systems mirrors of the organizational chart ?

©2012 EMLYON

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Are information systems mirrors of key processes?

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Technicity

Reflection

Imagination

Cooperation

Method

Action

John Holland

Are information systems mirrors of organizational skills and competencies?

Objectives IS Information

Problem Internet

©2010 EMLYON

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Information Systems are a question of perspective

• The financial perspective (entreprise resource planning)

• The logistics perspective (supply chain management)

• The client perspective(client relationship management)

• The community perspective(social media)

Objectives IS Information

Problem Internet

©2012 EMLYON

The Internet

EMM MIS

©2010 LHST sarl

©2012 EMLYON

The Internet

Internet: "The Big Picture"  URL HTML, HTTP

WWW

500 million usersmore than 3 billion pages

Objectives IS Information

Problem Internet

Programming the Web

Towards the semantic Web

I. Static web pages (HTML)

II. Web enabled applications(Dynamic Web Pages, ASP, JSP, PHP, ...)

III. Web services

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©2012 EMLYON

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The Web as a set of information flows

• The Internet is only one component of the Web

• Web sites and portals are only isolated endpoints of information flows

• We capture the information flows on Twitter, Deezer, Facebook and Netvibes

Objectives IS Information

Problem Internet

©2012 EMLYON

Digital footprints and clickstreams

• Before the Web we assumed that our digital footprint was as ephemeral as a phone

• Clickstreams can provide a level of intelligence about how people use the Web

• Innovative companies have figured out how to deliver great Web-based services by divining clickstream patterns

• We have yet to aggregate the critical mass of clickstreams in a database of intentions

Prof. Lee SCHLENKER

Objectives IS Information

Problem Internet

©2012 EMLYON

Workshop

EMM MIS

©2010 LHST sarl

How would you build a workspace?

• Cecile Balmond – Informal• (Work) spaces aren’t bound by

technology but by vision• Rules aren’t boundaries, just

considerations• Vision, actors, events,

outcomes, gateways

©2012 EMLYON

A Mashup

Objectives IS Information

Problem Internet

©2012 EMLYON

Main featuresWhat is a Dashboard?Registration

Simple RegistrationFacebook ConnectProfileSign InEdit your account infoChange profile imageEmail settingsChange passwordManage DashboardsBackup FeedsThird Party Services

Dashboards

Private & Public DashboardsApp ViewReader ViewSettingsThemesKeyboard ShortcutsSharingMobile Versions SpecificsSign-iniPhone, Android versionWap version

Netvibes is a mash-up that allows you to construct a personalised page filled with near real time content on the subject of your choice

Add in information flows

Objectives IS Information

Problem Internet

©2012 EMLYON

• Four groups : Conflicts, aptitudes, roadmap, metrics

• Each page : Public Page (text), Via.Me, Mindmap, Pearltrees,, Videos..

• Communicate the URL of the public page to research@lhstech.com

©2012 EMLYON

The Journey to Value

A PlotThe Journey to Value Hi Nikos! Signout Switch

1. The Confict

2. The Characters

3. The Roadmap

4. The Metrics

Business Intelligence

Execute

Revise

Plotting a path to value

©2007 LHST sarl

CONFLICT

People

Process

Technology

CHARACTERS

Individual

Firm

Market

STORYLINE

Collaboration

ECM

Unified Communication

s

Other ....

HAPPY END

Efficiency

Utilization

Passion

Innovation

Effectiveness

The Business Value Roadmap™

Case Study

Objectives IS Information

Problem Internet

©2012 EMLYON

The case study presents your analysis of how information technology has impacted organizational performance.

The paper will be an orginal work of 1800 to 2100 words and respect university standards

• Conflict and opportunity – is there a business problem to solve?

• Knowledge and skills – what is the organization trying to learn?

• The Roadmap– how does technology provide a vision of « better »

• The Happy End – how do we best measure the results

©2012 EMLYON

Resources

EMM MIS

Collaborative Platform

Objectives IS Information

Problem Internet

©2012 EMLYON

http://www.valuearchitect.org/

• Administrative details • Recommended readings• Course support• Current events• Discussion forum/help desk