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New Technologiesfor Clear Air Care

Applications

New Technologiesfor Clear Air Care

Applications

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TopicsTopics

• Definitions

• Progression of Technology• How Gels are Formed• Properties of Modified Polyamide

Gellants• Performance in Container Candles

and Pillar Candles• Benefits of Clear Technology• Questions & Answers

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About Arizona Chemical..About Arizona Chemical..

• World’s largest manufacturer of pine chemicals

• Manufacturing facilities located in the U.S. and Europe

• Sales offices in U.S., Europe, Asia, and Latin America. Headquartered in Jacksonville, Florida

• Owned by International Paper

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DefinitionsDefinitions• Wax – A low-melting organic mixture or compound of

high molecular weight, solid at room temperature, and generally similar in composition to fats and oils, except that it contains no glycerides. Waxes are based on either natural, synthetic, or petroleum sources.

• Gellant – A compound that dissolves in the liquid hot and solidifies, or gels, the bulk when cooled. Gel strength is concentration dependent. Specially modified polyamides, the subject of this presentation, are gellants.

• Gel – A larger amount of a fluid rendered significantly elastic by a smaller amount of a gelling agent (gellant). A gel may be notably elastic and “jellylike”or solid and rigid.

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Polyamide GellantsPolyamide Gellants

• Polyamide resins are produced from dimerized fatty acids, a co-product of wood pulping or other fatty acid processing.

• Use of polyamides as gellants is well known. However, the use of these resins in air care applications has historically been limited due to:

– Dark color of resins

– Brittleness of candles

– Poor burn characteristics

• Recent advances in polyamide technology have resulted in patented and patent-pending gellants that produce clear gels which overcome past limitations and offer unique characteristics for the air care market.

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Technology ProgressionTechnology Progression• The use of standard polyamide resins in clear candles was

attempted by several companies in the 1970’s and 1980’s, with little success. These candles were dark in color, brittle, and exhibited syneresis.

• Mid 1990’s, Union Camp Corporation developed a patented, specially modified polyamide (ester terminated polyamide resin, trade named Uniclear®), which overcame these issues. Clear candles and air fresheners were manufactured and sold globally.

• Union Camp was acquired by International Paper (owner of Arizona Chemical) in 1999. Continuing improvements in the modified polyamide technology, including patented and patent-pending next-generation resins (tradenamed Sylvaclear™ and Uniclear®) offer improvements in gel strength, flexibility, clarity, and compatibility with both polar and non-polar solvents for the air care market.

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Modified Polyamide GellantsModified Polyamide Gellants

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NH

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R

R

R Solvent-loving area

Gels are formed as a result of hydrogen bondingbetween the amide groups

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Sylvaclear™ Modified Polyamide Gellants

Sylvaclear™ Modified Polyamide Gellants

• Unique properties of specially modified Sylvaclear™ resins– Light color (Gardner 0.5 – 1.0)

– Controllable gel strength• Can range from soft, shear thinning gels to wax-like solids

– Added flexibility to harder gels• Solid gels that can “bounce”, which dramatically improves the

tendency to crack at low temperatures

– High fragrance loading• Resins can gel fragrances at up to 50% loading and still maintain

hardness

• Both polar and non-polar fragrances can be gelled, depending on resin selection

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Sylvaclear™ Polyamide Gellants

Sylvaclear™ Polyamide Gellants

• Unique properties of specially modified Sylvaclear™ resins– Ability to gel both polar and non-polar solvents (mineral oils,

vegetable oils)

• Clear mineral oil or vegetable oil candles possible

– Excellent mold fidelity/no double pours required

– Non toxic/non irritating

– Low viscosity profile

– Linear fragrance release characteristics

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Viscosity vs. Temperature Profile Sylvaclear ™ Gellants

Viscosity vs. Temperature Profile Sylvaclear ™ Gellants

Sylvaclear™ gellants have low melt viscosities, and thus when formulated into gels, behave more like paraffin wax at the melting/pour point

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Temperature (degrees C)

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(cps

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Sylvaclear A200 resin

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Fragrance ReleaseSpecialty Polyamide Resins

Fragrance ReleaseSpecialty Polyamide Resins

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80% hexyl acetate/polyamide resin Hexyl acetate

•Linear release: no massive spike or tailing.

•Volatiles leave at the same rate as ungelled systems.

Sylvaclear A200 resin

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Container Candle Attributes Sylvaclear™ PA20 Blend

Container Candle Attributes Sylvaclear™ PA20 Blend

• Sylvaclear™ PA20 is a pre-blended clear gel designed for use in container candles and air fresheners

• Melting point 68º C , Viscosity 9 CPS @ 90° C

• Typical burn pool temperature 68 – 70 ºC

• Light color (Gardner 0.2)

• Rapid cooling (average under 1 hour for 8 ounce jar, depending on conditions)

• Base flash point 175 ºC

• Crystal clear, no entrapped air bubbles

• Single pour

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Typical Burn DataSylvaclear™ PA20Typical Burn DataSylvaclear™ PA20

Burn Time 17 hoursFlame Height 22 mm

Pool Temp 69.3 º C

Wall Temp 62.5 º C

Smoking None

Pool Size 1.6 inches

Syneresis None

Sample Size: 50 grams in a 2 ounce glass jar,3% fragrance

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Pillar Candle AttributesSylvaclear™ PA50 BlendPillar Candle Attributes

Sylvaclear™ PA50 Blend• Sylvaclear™ PA50 is a pre-blended clear, solid gel designed

for use in pillar candles, air fresheners, and other fragranced air care products.

• Melting point º85 C , Viscosity 40 CPS @ 90° C

• Typical burn pool temperature 90 – 95 ºC

• Light color (Gardner 0.5 – 1.0)

• Rapid cooling (average under 2 hours for 3X4 pillar, depending on conditions)

• Base flash point 189 ºC

• Crystal clear, no entrapped air bubbles

• Single pour

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Typical Burn DataSylvaclear™ PA50Typical Burn DataSylvaclear™ PA50

Burn Time 30 hoursFlame Height 20 mm

Pool Temp 90 º C

Wall Temp 38 º C

Smoking None

Pool Size 1.6 inches

Syneresis None

Sample Size: 250 grams, 3% fragrance, coated with Sylvacote 2228E polyamide blend

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Benefits of Clear Polyamide Gel Technologies

Benefits of Clear Polyamide Gel Technologies

• New, innovative products to bring to customers – unlimited design potential

• Based on renewable resources• Flexibility with finished products

– Clear candles (vegetable or mineral oil based)– Free standing or container– Air fresheners and other fragranced articles– You select the firmness

• Manufacturing efficiencies

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Benefits of Clear Polyamide Gel Technologies

Benefits of Clear Polyamide Gel Technologies

• Lower processing temperatures for container blends

• Low viscosity – easier to handle and pour• Single pour products for both pillars and

container blends• High fragrance loading with excellent

fragrance compatibility