James Soh

New Machinery Directive

2011-04-12

The new machinery directive 2006/42/EC replaced the old

machinery directive 98/37/EC on 2009-12-29, and is

mandatory from that date.

All machinery placed on the market within the European

New Machinery Directive

All machinery placed on the market within the European

Union from 2009-12-29 must comply with the new directive.

After 2009-12-29, the old machinery directive 98/37/EC no

longer exists.

2011-04-12 2

The newly revised loader crane standard EN 12999:2011

is harmonized with the new directive and offers more

concrete guidance how to interpret the directive.

New Machinery Directive &

EN 12999

2011-04-12 3

The machinery directive is “the law” decided by the

European Commission. The MD is very much in general.

The loader crane standard EN 12999 is developed by

CEN and with the collaboration of the crane

manufacturers.

New Machinery Directive

All crane manufacturers in Europe have agreed on EN

12999.

EN 12999 is harmonized with the machinery directive,

which means that if you comply with EN 12999, you are

presumed to comply with the machinery directive without

the need of any further risk assessment.

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The new machinery directive

is further explained in the

“Guide to application of the

Machinery Directive

2006/42/EC” that was

published by the European

New Machinery Directive

Commission. This document

contains lots of examples that

help to explain the directive.

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The official guide can be downloaded from:http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/sectors/mechanical/machinery/

In MD 2006/42/EC, article 2 (a), is written:

” ‘machinery’ means:

• (same text as before)an assembly, fitted with or intended to be fitted with a drive system other than directly applied human or animal effort, consisting of linked parts or components, at least one of which moves, and which are joined together for a specific application,

MD 2006/42/ECDefinition of “Machine”

together for a specific application,

• (new text)an assembly referred to in the first indent, missing only the

components to connect it on site or to sources of energy and

motion,

• (new text)an assembly referred to in the first and second indents, ready to

be installed and able to function as it stands only if mounted on a

means of transport, or installed in a building or a structure,”

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The amended definition of “machine” clarifies that:

A loader crane is a machine when it leaves the factory.

The manufacturer’s declaration of conformity remains

valid if the crane is installed in accordance with the

installation instructions.

MD 2006/42/ECDefinition of “Machine”

A new declaration of conformity needs to be issued

only if the installer installs it else wise or somehow

changes the crane (e.g. mounts a hoist or adds a

hydraulic extension).

The same applies to auxiliary stabilizer beams; they

are also machines as such.2011-04-12 7

There are 4 types of CE declarations that concern us:

• Declaration of conformity for a machine

• Declaration of conformity for a “dangerous” machine

(listed in annex IV, e.g. MEWP)

MD 2006/42/ECNew Machinery Directive

• Declaration of conformity for interchangeable equipment

• Declaration of incorporation for an incomplete machine

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New technical requirements

New technology is introduced on the cranes to comply

with the new directive and its interpretation in EN 12999.

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Annex I, clause 1:

“By the iterative process of risk assessment and risk

reduction referred to above, the manufacturer or his

authorised representative shall:

• determine the limits of the machinery, which include the

intended use and any reasonably foreseeable misuse

MD 2006/42/ECNew Machinery Directive

intended use and any reasonably foreseeable misuse

thereof, ...”

2011-04-12

� � � � � � � �

The crane must be safe not only when used as

intended, but also when the crane is used incorrectly

(e.g. stabilisers not fully deployed).

10

“The machinery manufacturer cannot be expected to take

account of all possible misuse of the machinery.

However, certain kinds of misuse, whether intentional or

unintentional, are predictable on the basis of experience unintentional, are predictable on the basis of experience

of past use of the same type of machinery.

...

Such behaviour can result in a range of misuse

situations, such as, for example, using a crane or a

MEWP without deploying the stabilisers.”

2011-04-12 11

PL

prEN 12999:2007Stability of vehicle

“EN 12999 5.6.1.8

For cranes with a rated capacity of 1 000 kg or above, or a maximum net lifting moment of 40 000 Nm ( 4 tm) or above, the stability of the vehicle

shall be included in the safety function of the rated capacity limiter.NOTE Stability in this case means: Deployment of every stabilizer is monitored by the rated capacity limiter and the rated capacity is reduced or the crane is stopped, if not fully deployed. This requirement does not apply to timber handling cranes.”

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prEN 12999:2007

The new directive came into force 2009-12-29 but the revised

loader crane standard EN 12999:2011 is being nationally

published only during this spring.

So what about cranes manufactured in between?

The basic requirement for stability supervision comes from the

directive itself, and this is further clarified in the Official Guide.

Stability of vehicle

directive itself, and this is further clarified in the Official Guide.

� So the requirement for stability supervision also applies to

all cranes manufactured “in between”.

� Cranes manufactured 2010-2011 that do not have stability supervision are illegal.

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James Soh

Technology – Stabilizer Deployment Monitoring

Stability• For Knuckle boom crane ,outriggers are used to prevent trucks

overturning when picking heavy loads. However in some circumstances, such as narrow streets, space for outriggers extension was restricted. Thus ,stability monitor system can now provide the necessary safety back-up

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Technology - hardware

Slewing sensorIndicate one of the leg

is not set

Pressure sensors

Extension position sensors

Leg lamps

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Hiab – Variable Stability Limit (VSL)

Lifting capacity / leg extension

About 50% / 0 %

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Outrigger extension

0% = Fully In

100% = Fully Out

PK- Integrated Stability Control ( ISC )

HMF – Electronic Vehicle Stability ( EVS )

ISC sets constant capacity in sectors for different stabiliser spreads.

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Technology

Most crane manufacture uses micro or proxy switches

Slewing indication:

HIAB has a built in analogue sensor in the slewing cylinder!

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Stabiliser leg spread:

Most crane manufacture uses micro or proxy switches

Technology

HIAB has a built in analogue sensor in the extension cylinder!

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Stabilisers set to ground :

Technology

Most crane manufacture have micro or proxy switches

HIAB has pressure sensors in the stabiliser legs, which also means we have full control over the leg force, not just that the leg is set to the ground.We can also protect the stabilisers from overload!

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prEN 12999:2007EN 12999 – other new requirements

Stability supervision is required directly by the machinery directive, but other requirements come solely from EN 12999 :

• Swivelling stabiliser feet.

• Warnings for 90% capacity and remote control visible from all

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remote control visible from alldirections.

• Cabin warning for boom system and stabilisers (also hydraulic) not stowed for all cranes.

• Acknowledgment button for remote controlled stabiliser extensions.

High boom warning

Audio & Visual

warning activated

when boom

system is over the

horizontal line.

Example :-

Pre-set at 3 m

height

4 m

1 m

2 m

3 m

Two machines in one!The customer can start the day

with delivering building material

And ending the day changing

light bulbs

Lorry LoaderMEWP

11.8.2011 24Equipped for multi purpose

EN280 – Directive for MEWP (lorry loader)

• The automatic horizontal levelling

function ensures that the basket is

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function ensures that the basket is

always horizontal

• Working in the basket is safer, easier and

more comfortable

• Maximum allowed inclination is

5° from horizontal plane

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To prevent these situations