new loran-c receiver performance levels for extended range eurofix and kinematic applications g.w.a....
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New Loran-C Receiver Performance Levels for Extended Range Eurofix and
Kinematic Applications
G.W.A. Offermans, A.W.S. Helwig, R. Kellenbach, W.J. Pelgrum, D. van Willigen
Reelektronika b.v. / Reeuwijk / The Netherlands
ILA 31Washington D.C., USA, 27-30 October 2002
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Overview
Reelektronika’s new receiver LORADD
Functional description of LORADD Measurement results Extended range Eurofix Polar flights Conclusions
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LORADD Receiver Design
Development was done within EC Gloria project(Gnss and LOran-c for Road and raIl Applications)
Design of a (potentially) low-cost Loran-C receiver Receiver is part of a tightly-coupled integrated
receiver with GPS Use of H-field antennas for urban applications Complex H-field antenna design by Reelektronika
Currently, fourth generation H-field antenna design underway
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Receiver characteristics DSP-type receiver allows
implementation of new algorithms All-in-View Rx processes all signals
that can be received Very fast acquisition Cross-rate interference rejection Continuous wave interference
rejection Dual H-field antenna requires
processing of two data streams
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Third generation prototype
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LORADD(Reelektronika)
GPS receiver(NovAtel)
Functional Diagram GLORIA Integrated Navigation
Receiver
H-field antennas(Reelektronika)
GPS antenna(NovAtel)
IntegrationSoftware
GPSReceiver
Position Out
Loran-C ReceiverLORADD
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Cross-ratefiltering
Stationacquisition
Chainselection
Stationtracking
Positioncalculation
Datadecoding
Datademod
Signalconditioning
Dataoutput
Positionoutput
Rawsamples
LORADD Functional Description
DSP
DSP
Dual H-fieldantenna
A/D converter
RF front-end DSP
RF signals RF/IF signals samples(pseudo) ranges,
position
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Cross-rate in Europe
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Cross-rate in Europe, cnt’d
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Interference Mitigation
Interference source
Mitigation method
Performance
Continuous wave Detect and notch ++Atmospherics,low amplitudes
Integration +Atmospherics,
large amplitudesDetect and drop ++
Cross-rate Detect and drop -+
Cross-rate Filtering ++
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Measurement Campaign LORADD
GPS Antenna
LORADD Antenna
Reelektronika test vehicle
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Measurement Campaign LORADD
Play movie
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Measurement Results LORADD
Paris, in Carpark, F, 4-9-2002
2 floors below ground
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Measurement Results LORADD
Accuracy: 72 m (95%) !
Paris, in Carpark, F, 4-9-2002
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Measurement Results LORADD
Reeuwijk, NL, 28-8-2002
Small axis: 5 m (95%)Long axis: 85 m (95%)
Loran-CGeometry in
Netherlands is BAD!
Potential Loran-C
positioning accuracy
Accuracy: 74 m (95%)
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Measurement Results LORADD
Accuracy: 33 m (95%)
Munchen, D, 12-6-2002
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Measurement Results LORADD
Accuracy: 14 m (95%)
Paris, Eiffel tower, F, 5-9-2002
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Distribution of EGNOS over Loran-C
EGNOS TRAN program by ESA Phase II:
broadcast of EGNOS derived Eurofix messages (RTCM SC104 compatible)
Phase III: broadcast of EGNOS regional area messages using new Eurofix data format
Phase II installed at Sylt, Phase III expected early next year
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Tracking a station at 2,000 km
9007 Boe / H-field Antenna / 1,920 km
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1 17 33 49 65 81 97 113 129
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2,000 km Range Eurofix
9007X (Bø): Lost Eurofix Message Probability vs SNRAnkeveen (NL), September 13-14, 2002
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
1214161820222426
SNR (dB)
# o
f M
essa
ges
Rec
eive
d p
er 0
.5 d
B
0
10
20
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Lo
st E
uro
fix
Me
ssag
e P
rob
abil
ity
(%)
# Messages
Lost Message Probability
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2,000 km Range Benefits Polar flights offer reduced flight time,
saves fuel and, relieves Atlantic Ocean slot crowding
In Polar Region no Geostationary SBAS or communication available
Currently, communication solved by HF radio
Navigation based on GPS and IRS, no external integrity
GPS integrity can be solved by extended range Eurofix through WAAS/EGNOS rebroadcast
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Polar Routes
Restricted Russian polar routes: Polar 1 to 4
Preferred random routing in Canada
2005: 9000+ commercial polar flights estimated
Savings: Flying time: 2+ hrs Costs: US$ 16 k/flight Time slots Atlantic
‘Polar Routes Feasibility Study’, Nav Canada and FAAR, October 2000
Polar 4
Polar 3
Polar 2
Polar 1Polar 2A
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Polar Region Eurofix Stations?
Russia Inta / 4970M & 5960Z / 1,200 kW Norilsk / 5960M / 1,200 kW Taimylar Peninsula / 5960X / 1,200 kW Pankratyev Island (Nova Zembla) / 4970M & 5960X / 250
kW USA & Canada
Port Clarence / 7960Z & 9990Y / 1,000 kW Tok / 7960M / 560 kW Fox Harbor / 5930Z & 7270X / 800 kW
Europe Jan Mayen / 7001X & 9007W / 250 kW Berlevåg / 7001Y / 250 kW
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Polar Eurofix
Estimated Eurofix coverage
Larger ground wave attenuation
Less atmospheric noise
Less Cross-rate Less CWI (continuous
wave interference)
4970M+5960Z 1,200 kW
4970X+5960Y 250 kW
5960X 1,200
kW
7001Y 250 kW7270X+5930
Z 800 kW
7960M 560 kW
9990Y+7960Z 1,000 kW
7001X+9007W 250 kW
9990Y+7960Z 1,000 kW
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Conclusions New Loran-C receiver technology caused
breakthrough in performance Fast acquisition times (10+ stations in 10 seconds) Accurate 5-sec independent TOA measurements
Eurofix is up and running, and standardised 2001 – ITU-R Recommendation M.589-3 2002 – RTCM SC-104 V2.3
New services EGNOS data broadcast through Eurofix network UTC dissemination
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Conclusions Reelektronika developed a prototype
Loran-C/Eurofix receiver within the Gloria project (LORADD)
NELS is funding the development of a miniaturized integrated Loran/GPS receiver (based on LORADD)
Phase III of EGNOS TRAN project is about to start. EGNOS regional area messages will be broadcast over Eurofix