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Unit 10: New Era : The 1920s

Republican governments Harding and Coolidge 1. Business creed laissez

faire, but high protective tariffsand tax breaks

2. Harding Scandals TeapotDome Fall Sec. ofInterior)accepted bribes to

lease federal oil lands andDaugherty(Attorney General)accepted bribes not toprosecute criminal suspects

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Economic Development

1. Prosperity and wealth increased productivity,increased use of oil and electricity, government favoredgrowth of business

2. Farm and labor problems

Farmers suffered with end of war growing surpluses and fallingprices

Wages rose, but union movement went backward, most companiesinsisted on open shop (nonunion workers)

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New Culture

1. Consumerism:automobile, radio,movies first talkie?

2. Women, the family flappers, most middleclass homemakerswith new Labor-savingdevices, employedwomen usually in citiestraditional jobs lower

wages, liberalizeddivorce laws

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Modern religion revivalists on the radio fundamentalist message

Billy Sunday attacked

gambling, drinking, anddancing

-Modernism historical and critical viewof Bible, accept Darwin

and keep faith-Fundamentalism

literal interpretation ofBible, blamed liberalviews for decline inmorals

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Literature of alienation

Lost Generation criticized religion ashypocritical, war for moneyinterest, and critical of

materialism includedErnest Hemingway, F. Scott

Fitzgerald, and TS Eliot

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Jazz Age Duke

Ellington, Louis

Armstrong improv

Harlem Renaissance

talented actors, artists,

musicians, writers commented on African

American heritage,

bitterness and hope

Langston Hughes, ZoraNeale Hurston

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Conflict of cultures

Prohibition (18thAmendment) andbootlegging speakeasies,rise of organized crime (AlCapone and St. Valentines

Day massacre), bathtub gin Nativism Sacco and

Vanzetti trial. Quota Actstargeted Eastern andSouthern Europeans

Ku Klu Klan against?Tactics?

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Religious

fundamentalism

versus modernists

Scopes MonkeyTrial

William Jennings

Bryan v. Clarence

Darrow

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Myth of Isolation

Replacing the League of Nations disarmament and peace WashingtonConference (1921) and Kellogg BriandPact (1928) agreement not to go to war,

except Business and Diplomacy to improverelations with Mexico and other Latin

American countries, some troopsremained in Nicaragua and Haiti, won oil-dri ll ing rights in Middle East, and raisedtariffs

Dawes Plan loans to Germany, pay loansto Europeans, pay back US