C5 Chemicals of the Natural Environment

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How many

covalent bonds do

these atoms

usually form?

Hydrogen

Chlorine

Oxygen

Nitrogen

Carbon

Silicon

Water has an unusually high boiling point compared with other small molecules. What other

unusual properties does water have, and can you explain why?

Explain, in your own words, why sea water tastes salty and river water does not.

Explain why graphite is relatively

soft and diamond is so hard.

Sodium is extracted by electrolysis of molten sodium

chloride, what is the other product?

Draw the structure of a metal

and explain how it conducts

electricity as a solid.

Name the 2 main methods for extracting metals from their ores

Draw diagrams to

show the electron

arrangements in:

Aluminium atom

Aluminium ion

Write an equation to show what happens at the

negative electrode during electrolysis of aluminium

oxide

Which 2 elements

make up ordinary

table salt?

What mass of Na could be

made from 2 tonnes of NaCl?

What are the energy costs of extracting metals by:

a) Reduction

b) Electrolysis

Explain the difference between relative

atomic mass and relative formula mass..

Which common metal is

extracted from its ore by

electrolysis? Why is it extracted

this way?

What is the relative formula mass of carbon

dioxide?

Calculate the relative formula mass of

iron oxide, Fe2O3

What would form if you mixed together

solutions of potassium carbonate and

calcium nitrate?

Draw diagrams to show the covalent bonding

in these molecules:

a) Hydrogen chloride, HCl

b) Ammonia, NH3

c) Methane, CH4

d) Ethene, C2H4

What are the

main stages in

the life cycle of a

metal?

List 4 different things you use in a typical

day that come from the lithosphere.

What are the 3 most common elements

in living tissue?

Draw a simple diagram of the earth and label

the 3 spheres, lithosphere, atmosphere and

hydrosphere.

Write an equation to show what happens at the

positive electrode during electrolysis of aluminium

oxide