neurociência da linguagem · hippocrates (460 bc) galen (129 /200 ac) until the 17th century the...
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Hippocrates (460 bC)
Galen (129 /200 aC)
Until the 17th century
The Galenic era
129 AD – c. 200
Franz Gall
(1758-1828)
Phrenology
Jean-Pierre Flourens
(1794-1867)
The Phineas Gage case
(1823-1860)
Dr. John Harlow
By mid 19th century, researchers resumed localization efforts; When dissecting complex mental tasks into their subcomponents, a
researcher can establish a "dissociation" between functions. This isdone by finding an experimental condition that demonstrates thata lesion to a given brain structure disrupts function A but notfunction B. Such a demonstration allows one to infer that function Aand function B are independent of each other in some way.
129 AD – c. 200
Pierre Broca (1824-1880)
3rd convolution of the frontal lobe
Mr. Leborgne’s brain
129 AD – c. 200
Pierre Broca (1824-1880)
Carl Wernicke (1848-1905)
The connectionist
Scheme
Broca’s area
articulation.Wernicke’s area
language
perception
Arcuate Fasciculus
connecting Wernicke
with Broca.
Begriffe
concepts
The Connectionist Scheme
129 AD – c. 200
Pierre Broca (1824-1880)
Carl Wernicke (1848-1905)
The connectionist
Scheme
Single dissociation Double dissociation Direct electrical
stimulation
Wilder Penfield
(1891-1976)
Córtex Motor Córtex Sensorial
movimento tato, gosto, olfato
During the course of his career, Penfield operated on approximately 400 patients,
and eventually summarized his findings in a 1950 book called The Cerebral Cortex
of Man. The book, which was written with his colleague Theodore Rasmussen,
is a remarkable document of Penfield’s electrical explorations of the human brain.
129 AD – c. 200
Geschwind
(1926-1984)
Double dissociation
Electric Stimulation
Anatomic adequacy
Angela Friederici)
(1952 /
44lobes 4
• Gyrus, gyri: bumps• Sulcus, sulci: depressions• Fissures: deep depressions
that define the lobarboundaries
# Condição 1s 2s 3s 4s 5s1 1CONT (Controle) Joã
o
comprou um livro para mim no mês passado.
2 1OINC (Obj
incogruente) Joã
o
comprou um lixo para mim no mês passado
3 1AGRA ( agramatical) Joã
o
comprou um livro para eu no mês passado
4 2CONT (Controle) Joh
n
bought a book for me last month
5 2OINC (Obj
incogruente) Joh
n
bought a trash for me last month
6 2AGRA ( agramatical) Joh
n
bought a book for I last month
# Condição 1s 2s 3s 4s 5s801 DISTR Maio vestiu-se com a roupa do primo802 DISTR Nós sentimos muito a falta dela803 DISTR Pensamos em ir ao soluço de noite
803 DISTR They think they can shout804 DISTR Everybod
y
here are sleeping well
805 DISTR Let’s talk about this later
