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  • Slide 1
  • Network Interface Card https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 2
  • MAC address - Address details 1 The IEEE has built in several special address types to allow more than one network interface card to be addressed at one time: https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 3
  • BIOS - BIOS extensions 1 In addition, plug-in adapter cards such as SCSI, RAID, network interface cards, and video boards often include their own BIOS (e.g https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 4
  • Intel 1 ProductsBluetooth chipsets, flash memory, microprocessors, motherboard chipsets, network interface cards https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 5
  • Network Driver Interface Specification 1 The Network Driver Interface Specification (NDIS) is an application programming interface (API) for network interface cards (NICs). It was jointly developed by Microsoft and 3Com Corporation and is mostly used in Microsoft Windows. However, the open- source NDISwrapper and Project Evil driver wrapper projects allow many NDIS-compliant NICs to be used with Linux, FreeBSD and NetBSD. magnussoft ZETA, a derivative of BeOS, supports a number of NDIS drivers. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 6
  • Internetwork Packet Exchange - IPX addressing 1 Hosts have a 48-bit node address which by default is set to the network interface card's MAC address. The node address is appended to the network address to create a unique identifier for the host on the network. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 7
  • Ethernet - Shared media 1 Since all communications happen on the same wire, any information sent by one computer is received by all, even if that information is intended for just one destination.[note 6] The network interface card interrupts the CPU only when applicable packets are received: The card ignores information not addressed to it.[note 7] Use of a single cable also means that the bandwidth is shared, such that, for example, available bandwidth to each device is halved when two stations are simultaneously active. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 8
  • Data Link Control 1 In the OSI networking model, Data Link Control (DLC) is the service provided by the data link layer. Network interface cards have a DLC address that identifies each card; for instance, Ethernet and other types of cards have a 48-bit MAC address built into the cards' firmware when they are manufactured. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 9
  • UT-VPN - UT-VPN Client 1 'Virtual NIC' (virtual network interface card) is installed in OS how UT-VPN Client was installed in. Virtual NIC is recognized as physical NIC by OS. UT-VPN does encapsulation to TCP (or SSL/TLS) packets from L2 frames by Virtual NIC. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 10
  • Booting - Boot devices (IBM PC) 1 A modern PC BIOS supports booting from various devices, typically a local hard disk drive via the Master Boot Record (MBR) (and of several MS-DOS partitions on such a disk, or GPT through GRUB 2), an optical disc drive (using El Torito), a USB mass storage device (FTL-based flash drive, SD card, or multi-media card slot; hard disk drive, optical disc drive, etc.), or a network interface card (using PXE) https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 11
  • Asynchronous Transfer Mode - Traffic shaping 1 Traffic shaping usually takes place in the network interface card (NIC) in user equipment, and attempts to ensure that the cell flow on a VC will meet its traffic contract, i.e. cells will not be dropped or reduced in priority at the UNI. Since the reference model given for traffic policing in the network is the GCRA, this algorithm is normally used for shaping as well, and single and dual leaky bucket implementations may be used as appropriate. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 12
  • Novell - NetWare 1 A network interface card (NIC) was developed for the IBM PC industry standard architecture (ISA) bus https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 13
  • ExpressCard 1 Hardware that may be plugged into a computer via an ExpressCard includes connect cards, IEEE 1394b-2002 (FireWire 800), USB 2.0, USB 3.0, Ethernet, Serial ATA external stick drives, solid-state drives, external enclosures for desktop size PCI Express graphics cards, wireless network interface cards (NIC), TV tuner cards, Common Access Card (CAC) readers, and soundcards. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 14
  • Wi-Fi Protected Access - WPA 1 The Wi-Fi Alliance intended WPA as an intermediate measure to take the place of WEP pending the availability of the full IEEE 802.11i standard. WPA could be implemented through firmware upgrades on wireless network interface cards designed for WEP that began shipping as far back as 1999. However, since the changes required in the wireless access points (APs) were more extensive than those needed on the network cards, most pre-2003 APs could not be upgraded to support WPA. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 15
  • 802.11 - Management Frames 1 *Authentication frame: 802.11 authentication begins with the Wireless network interface card|WNIC sending an authentication frame to the access point containing its identity https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 16
  • Windows 2000 - Deployment 1 RIS requires that client computers are able to boot over the network via either a network interface card that has a Pre-Boot Execution Environment (PXE) boot Read- only memory|ROM installed or that the client computer has a network card installed that is supported by the remote boot disk generator https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 17
  • Digital media player - History 1 It included a network interface card, a media processor for audio and video decoding, an analog video encoder (for video playback to a TV), an audio digital to analog converter for audio playback, and an IR (infrared receiver) for remote- control-interface. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 18
  • Boot ROM - Boot devices (IBM PC) 1 A modern PC BIOS supports booting from various devices, typically a local hard disk drive via the Master Boot Record (MBR) (and of several MS-DOS disk partitioning|partitions on such a disk, or GUID Partition Table|GPT through GRUB 2), an optical disc drive (using El Torito (CD-ROM standard)|El Torito), a Universal Serial Bus|USB mass storage device (Flash Translation Layer|FTL-based flash drive, SD card, or Memory card reader|multi-media card slot; hard disk drive, optical disc drive, etc.), or a network interface card (using Preboot Execution Environment|PXE) https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 19
  • Windows XP - Removed features 1 Legacy Plug and Play|Plug-and-play incompatible communication devices (like modems and network interface cards) are no longer supported. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 20
  • Killer NIC 1 The 'Killer NIC' (Network Interface Card), from Killer Gaming, is designed to circumvent the Microsoft Windows Internet protocol suite|TCP/IP stack, and handle processing on the card via a dedicated network processor. Most standard network cards are host based, and make use of the primary Central processing unit|CPU. The manufacturer claims that the Killer NIC is capable of reducing network Latency (engineering)|latency and lag. The card was first introduced in 2006. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 21
  • HD media player - History 1 It included a network interface card, a media processor for audio and video decoding, an analog video encoder (for video playback to a TV), an audio digital to analog converter for audio playback, and an IR (infrared receiver) for remote- control-interface. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 22
  • PC game - Online games 1 Such connections require a broadband- compatible modem connected to the personal computer through a network interface card (generally integrated onto the computer's motherboard), optionally separated by a Router (computing)|router https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 23
  • Home network - Causes 1 Even while the router's role can be performed by any commodity Personal computer|Personal Computer with an array of Network interface card|Network Interface Cards, most new HAN administrators still choose to utilize a particular class of small, passively-cooled, table-top devices which also provide the wireless access point functionality necessary to access the HAN via Wi-Fia virtual necessity for the multitude of wireless mobile-optimized devices focused around internet content consumption https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 24
  • Home network - Endpoint devices 1 Older devices may not feature the appropriate network interfaces required for home network connectivity. In some situations, USB dongles and PCI Network Interface Cards are available as accessories that enable this functionality. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 25
  • Platform virtualization - Concept 1 Access to physical system resources (such as the network interface card|network access, display, keyboard, and hard disk drive|disk storage) is generally managed at a more restrictive level than the host processor and system- memory https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 26
  • 10 Gigabit Ethernet - 10GbE NICs 1 10GbE network interface cards are available from several manufacturers. These plug into ordinary computer servers using PCI express and provide one or more #Physical_layer_modules|PHY module, Optical fiber connector|LC or Modular_connector#8P8C|8P8C connectors. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 27
  • Backplane - Backplanes in storage 1 Midplanes are also popular in networking and telecommunications equipment where one side of the chassis accepts system processing cards and the other side of the chassis accepts network interface cards. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 28
  • List of device bit rates 1 This is a 'list of device bit rates', or physical layer information rates, Net bitrate#Physical layer net bit rate|net bit rates, useful bit rates, peak bit rates or digital bandwidth capacity, at which Network interface card|digital interfaces of computer peripheral equipment and Networking hardware|network devices can communicate over various kinds of computer bus|buses and computer network|networks. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 29
  • Small form-factor pluggable transceiver - Applications 1 SFP sockets are found in Ethernet switches and network interface cards. Storage interface cards, also called HBAs or Fibre Channel storage switches, also make use of these modules, supporting different speeds such as 2Gb, 4Gb, and 8Gb. Because of their low cost, low profile, and ability to provide a connection to different types of optical fiber, SFP provides such equipment with enhanced flexibility. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 30
  • Network virtualization - Components of a virtual network 1 * Network hardware, such as switches and network adapters, also known as network interface cards (NICs) https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 31
  • Autonegotiation - Interoperability problems 1 Problems like this with autonegotiation led many network administrators to manually set the speed and duplex mode of each network interface card, and even Cisco recommended its customers not to use autonegotiation https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 32
  • Timeline of virtualization development - Timelines 1 ** Egenera, Inc. launches their Processor Area Network (PAN Manager) software and BladeFrame chassis which provide hardware virtualization of processing blade's (pBlade) internal disk, network interface cards, and serial console.[ http://www.egenera.com/company- overview.htm] https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 33
  • 3Com - 1997-2000 1 In the lucrative server network interface card business, 3Com remained second in market share, after Intel. 3Com never managed to beat Intel with its own products or even with joint ventures with Broadcom. It started developing Gigabit Ethernet cards in-house but later scrapped the plans. Later, it formed a joint venture with Broadcom, where Broadcom would develop the main Application-specific integrated circuit|ASIC component and the NIC would be 3Com branded. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 34
  • 3Com - 2001 and beyond 1 At this point, the company's main cash-cow, the network interface card business, was also shrinking rapidly, mainly because the functionality was integrated into the Southbridge (computing)|southbridge of many motherboards. The company started slashing or selling divisions and going through numerous rounds of Reduction in force|layoffs. The company went from employing more than 12,000 employees to fewer than 2,000. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 35
  • IEEE 802.11a-1999 - Timing and compatibility of products 1 Dual-band, or dual-mode Access Points and Network Interface Cards (NICs) that can automatically handle a and b/g, are now common in all the markets, and very close in price to b/g- only devices. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 36
  • PHY - Ethernet physical transceiver 1 Wake-on-LAN and Network booting|Boot ROM functionality is implemented in the network interface card (NIC), which may have PHY, MAC and other functionality integrated into one chip or as separate chips. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 37
  • Network adapter 1 A 'network interface controller' ('NIC', also known as a 'network interface card', 'network adapter', 'LAN adapter', and by similar terms) is a computer hardware component that connects a computer to a computer network. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 38
  • Jumbo frame 1 Some Fast Ethernet switches and Fast Ethernet network interface cards also support jumbo frames https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 39
  • LAN switching - Layer 2 switching 1 Data Link Layer|Layer 2 switching uses the media access control address (MAC address) from the host's network card|network interface cards (NICs) to decide where to forward frames https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 40
  • Smart appliance - Entertainment 1 Some older devices may not feature the appropriate network interfaces required for home network connectivity. In some situations, USB dongles and PCI Network Interface Cards are available as accessories that enable this functionality. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 41
  • Linux on System z - Virtualization 1 As compared to TCP/IP over standard network interface cards (NICs, in the mainframe world called Open System Adapters, OSAs), HiperSockets can improve end-user responsiveness (reduce network latency and processing overhead), security (since there's no network connection to intercept), and reliability (since there's no network connection to lose). https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 42
  • DOSBox - Hardware emulation 1 Certain third-party patches also allow DOSBox to emulate an NE2000-class network interface card as a passthrough to the host computer's own network card, essentially allowing full internet connectivity (for example, using Windows 3.1 and Trumpet Winsock) and web browsing using programs such as Netscape Navigator, albeit with little real world utility other than as a curiosity. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 43
  • VirtualBox - Device virtualization 1 For an Ethernet network adapter, VirtualBox virtualizes these Network card|Network Interface Cards: https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 44
  • MTU (networking) 1 In computer networking, the 'maximum transmission unit' ('MTU') of a communications protocol of a OSI model|layer is the size (in bytes) of the largest protocol data unit that the layer can pass onwards. MTU parameters usually appear in association with a communications interface (network interface card|NIC, serial port, etc.). Standards (Ethernet, for example) can fix the size of an MTU; or systems (such as point-to-point serial links) may decide MTU at connect time. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 45
  • IPX - IPX addressing 1 * Hosts have a 48-bit node address which by default is set to the network interface card's MAC address. The node address is appended to the network address to create a unique identifier for the host on the network. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 46
  • Networking equipment - Range 1 The most common kind of networking hardware today is a copper-based Ethernet Network interface card|adapter because of its standard inclusion on most modern computer systems. 802.11|Wireless networking has, however, become increasingly popular, especially for portable and handheld devices. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 47
  • Windows Vista networking technologies - Architecture 1 The Next Generation TCP/IP stack connects to Network Interface Card|NICs via a Network Driver Interface Specification (NDIS) driver https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 48
  • DE-9 - Network ports 1 The Attachment Unit Interfaces that were used with 10BASE5 thick net in the 1980s and 1990s used DA15 connectors for connectivity between the Medium Attachment Units and (Ethernet) network interface cards, albeit with a sliding latch to lock the connectors together instead of the usual hex studs with threaded holes. The sliding latch was intended to be quicker to engage and disengage and to work in places where jack screws could not be used for reasons of component shape. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 49
  • Novell Press - NetWare 1 A network interface card (NIC) was developed for the IBM PC industry standard architecture (ISA) bus https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 50
  • FCoE - Functionality 1 FCoE encapsulation can be done in software with a conventional Ethernet network interface card, however FCoE CNAs offload (from the CPU) the low level frame processing and SCSI protocol functions traditionally performed by Fibre Channel host bus adapters. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 51
  • FCoE - Application 1 * reduce the number of network interface cards required to connect to disparate storage and IP networks https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 52
  • Mini PCI Express - Interconnect 1 Low-speed peripherals (such as an IEEE 802.11|802.11 Wi-Fi Wireless network interface card|card) use a single-lane (1) link, while a graphics adapter typically uses a much wider (and thus, faster) 16- lane link. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 53
  • Preboot Execution Environment 1 The 'Preboot eXecution Environment' ('PXE', also known as 'Pre-Execution Environment'; sometimes pronounced pixie) is an environment to booting|boot computers using a network interface card|network interface independently of data storage devices (like hard disks) or installed operating systems. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 54
  • Tcpdump - Common uses 1 Tcpdump prints the contents of network packets. It can read packets from a network interface card or from a previously created saved packet file. Tcpdump can write packets to standard output or a file. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 55
  • Internet Connection Sharing - Operation 1 In special cases, only one network interface card is required and other connections may be logical https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 56
  • David Boggs 1 'David Reeves Boggs' (born 1950) is an electrical and radio engineer from the United States who developed early prototypes of Internet protocol suite|Internet protocols, file servers, gateway (computer networking)|gateways, network interface cards https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 57
  • Wireless router 1 * One or multiple Network interface card|NICs supporting Fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet integrated into the main System on a chip|SoC https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 58
  • EtherChannel - Components 1 Configuring an EtherChannel between a switch and a computer would either require special network interface cards (NICs) such as the model pictured here, or support built into the operating system https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 59
  • ARCNET - Description 1 ARCNET allowed only 255 nodes per network. Node IDs for LAN workstations were typically set by DIP switches on the network interface card. Larger networks would have to be split into smaller networks, and bridged. The small number of possible nodes and the need to manually configure IDs was a disadvantage compared with Ethernet, particularly as large enterprise networks became common. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 60
  • Virtual IP address 1 A 'virtual IP address' ('VIP' or 'VIPA') is an IP address assigned to multiple applications residing on a single server, multiple domain names, or multiple servers, rather than being assigned to a specific single server or network card|network interface card (NIC). Incoming data packets are sent to the VIP address which are routed to actual network interfaces. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 61
  • PCIe - Interconnect 1 Low-speed peripherals (such as an IEEE 802.11|802.11 Wi-Fi Wireless network interface card|card) use a single-lane (1) link, while a graphics adapter typically uses a much wider (and thus, faster) 16- lane link. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 62
  • ExpressCard/34 1 Hardware that may be plugged into a computer via an ExpressCard includes connect cards, IEEE 1394|IEEE 1394b- 2002 (FireWire 800), USB 2.0, USB 3.0, Ethernet, Serial ATA external stick drives, solid-state drives, external enclosures for desktop size PCI Express graphics cards, wireless network interface cards (NIC), TV tuner cards, Common Access Card (CAC) readers, and soundcards. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 63
  • Wake-on-LAN - Principle of operation 1 The magic packet contains the MAC address of the destination computer, an identifying number built into each Network interface controller|network interface card (NIC) or other ethernet device in a computer, that enables it to be uniquely recognized and addressed on a network https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 64
  • Wake-on-LAN - Magic packet 1 The Wake-on-LAN implementation is designed to be very simple and to be quickly processed by the circuitry present on the network interface card with minimal power requirement. Because Wake-on- LAN operates below the IP protocol layer the MAC address is required and makes IP addresses and DNS names meaningless. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 65
  • Wake-on-LAN - Hardware implementations 1 In addition, in order to get Wake-on-LAN to work enabling this feature on the network interface card or on-board silicon is sometimes required. Details of how to do this depend upon the operating system and the device driver. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 66
  • Wake-on-LAN - Mac hardware (OS X) 1 On Mac OS X Snow Leopard, the service is called Wake On Demand or Bonjour Sleep Proxy and is synonymous with the Sleep Proxy Service. It comes enabled out of the box, but for previous versions of the operating system, the service will need to be enabled under the Energy Saver pane of System Preferences. The network interface card may allow the service to function only on WiFi, only on Ethernet, or both.[http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3774 Mac OS X v10.6: About Wake on Demand] https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 67
  • PHY (chip) - Ethernet physical transceiver 1 Similarly, Wake-on-LAN and Network booting|Boot ROM functionality is implemented in the network interface card (NIC), which may have PHY, MAC and other functionality integrated into one chip or as separate chips. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 68
  • Generic cell rate algorithm 1 It is also given as the reference for the timing of cells transmitted (ATM PDU Data_Requests) onto an ATM network by a network interface card (NIC) in a host, i.e https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 69
  • Leaky bucket 1 The Generic Cell Rate Algorithm, or an equivalent, may also be used to traffic shaping|shape transmissions by a Network Interface Card onto an ATM network (i.e https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 70
  • ZLinux - Virtualization 1 As compared to TCP/IP over standard network interface cards (NICs, in the mainframe world called Open System Adapters, OSAs), HiperSockets can improve end-user responsiveness (reduce network latency and processing overhead), security (since there's no network connection to intercept), and reliability (since there's no network connection to lose). https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 71
  • SFP transceiver - Applications 1 SFP sockets are found in Ethernet switches, routers, firewalls and network interface cards. Storage interface cards, also called HBAs or Fibre Channel storage switches, also make use of these modules, supporting different speeds such as 2Gb, 4Gb, and 8Gb. Because of their low cost, low profile, and ability to provide a connection to different types of optical fiber, SFP provides such equipment with enhanced flexibility. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 72
  • NDIS 1 The 'Network Driver Interface Specification' ('NDIS') is an application programming interface (API) for network interface cards (NICs). It was jointly developed by Microsoft and 3Com Corporation and is mostly used in Microsoft Windows. However, the open source|open-source NDISwrapper and Project Evil driver wrapper projects allow many NDIS-compliant NICs to be used with Linux, FreeBSD and NetBSD. magnussoft ZETA, a derivative of BeOS, supports a number of NDIS drivers. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 73
  • TCP Offload Engine 1 'TCP offload engine' or 'TOE' is a technology used in network interface cards (NIC) to offload processing of the entire TCP/IP stack to the network controller. It is primarily used with high-speed network interfaces, such as gigabit Ethernet and 10-gigabit Ethernet, where processing overhead of the network stack becomes significant. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 74
  • TCP Offload Engine - Purpose 1 Moving some or all of these functions to dedicated hardware, a TCP offload engine, frees the system's main CPU for other tasks. As of 2012, very few consumer network interface cards support TOE. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 75
  • Ethernet port - Shared media 1 The network interface card interrupts the central processing unit|CPU only when applicable packets are received: The card ignores information not addressed to it https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 76
  • FORE Systems - History 1 Founded in 1990 to supply a US Naval Research Laboratories request for development, FORE initially produced Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) network interface cards for SBus- and TURBOchannel-based computers in addition to ATM adapters for Silicon Graphics computers https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 77
  • D-STAR - Gateway server 1 There should be two network interface cards and at least 10 GB free of hard drive space which includes the OS install https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 78
  • Virtual Path Identifier - Traffic shaping 1 Traffic shaping usually takes place in the network interface controller|network interface card (NIC) in user equipment, and attempts to ensure that the cell flow on a VC will meet its traffic contract, i.e. cells will not be dropped or reduced in priority at the UNI. Since the reference model given for traffic policing in the network is the GCRA, this algorithm is normally used for shaping as well, and single and dual leaky bucket implementations may be used as appropriate. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 79
  • IP network multipathing 1 The 'IP network multipathing' or 'IPMP' is a facility provided by Solaris (operating system)|Solaris to provide fault-tolerance and load spreading for network interface cards (NICs) https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 80
  • Alacritech 1 'Alacritech' was a Silicon Valley company which pioneered the use of intelligent network card|network interface cards (NICs) to offload TCP/IP processing from the CPU of computer systems to dedicated hardware on the NIC: a concept now known as TOE (TCP Offload Engine) https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 81
  • Alacritech - History 1 The high speed network card|network interface cards (NICs) enhanced performance by moving some TCP/IP processing from the central processing unit|CPU to the NIC https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 82
  • Parallel Line Internet Protocol - Operation 1 The Internet Protocol Suite is the standards-based networking model and software specification for forming small and large computer networks, from local area networks to global communication systems, such as the Internet. It is usually implemented by software and hardware features that use Ethernet network interface cards, cabling, and networking switches or hubs. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 83
  • Microsoft-Novell agreement - NetWare 1 A network interface card (NIC) was developed for the IBM PC industry standard architecture (ISA) bus https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
  • Slide 84
  • Ping (video gaming) 1 For instance, wireless network interface cards must modulate digital signals into radio waves|radio signals, which is often more costly than the time it takes an electrical signal to traverse a typical span of cable https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
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  • List of Cyberchase episodes - Season 4: 2005 1 After taking the NIC (Network Interface Card) from Slider's dad, Coop (Tony Hawk) and kidnapping Slider, the device was complete https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
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  • Hexley - Other 1 * There are various projects that focus on driver support: e.g., wireless drivers, wired network interface card|NIC drivers Project inactive since March 15, 2006. modem drivers, card readers, and the ext2 and ext3 file systems. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
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  • Amstrad Mega PC - Input/Output 1 The motherboard included a 16 bit ISA slot with a riser card connected to it, providing a total of two 16 bit ISA slots. One of these was populated with an ISA card which provided connections for sound at the rear of the machine, and a connection for the Mega Drive cartridge at the front. The other slot was left free for expansion (such as a modem or Network Interface Card). https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
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  • PCI-Express - Interconnect 1 Low-speed peripherals (such as an IEEE 802.11|802.11 Wi-Fi Wireless network interface card|card) use a single-lane (1) link, while a graphics adapter typically uses a much wider and faster 16-lane link. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
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  • Neptune (disambiguation) - Computing 1 * Sun Neptune, a Sun 10 Gbit/s network interface card https://store.theartofservice.com/the-network-interface-card-toolkit.html
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  • For More Information, Visit: https://store.theartofservice.co m/the-network-interface-card- toolkit.html https://store.theartofservice.co m/the-network-interface-card- toolkit.html The Art of Service https://store.theartofservice.com