netapp - nas quickstart guide

NetApp Training

NAS Quickstart Guide

Terminology NAS

CIFS

NFS

NetApp

Filer

ONTAP (Data ONTAP)

Aggregate

WAFL

Volume (flexible volume, flexvol)

Qtree, security style

NAS Quickstart

Table of Contents Scenario 1: Create storage space (volume) and share it

to MS Windows clients

Scenario 2: Share storage space via MMC console

Scenario 3: Expand/shrink a volume while clients are connected

Scenario 4: Snapshots: creating, scheduling, restoring from snapshots

Scenario 5: Working with quotas on the filer

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Table of Contents Scenario 1: Create storage space (volume) and

share it to MS Windows clients





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NAS – Scenario 1CIFS – Share Storage via Web Interface

Browse to http://filer-IP-address/na_admin

Click on “FilerView” and log on using the “root” account

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http://filer-IP-address/na_admin

NAS – Scenario 1 (cont.)CIFS – Share Storage via Web Interface (cont.)

The FilerView web interface is the interface you will most often work with

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Aggregate = collection of physical disks (RAID4/RAID_DP)

Volume = basic unit that can be used to store data

Click on “Volumes”, the “Manage”

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Next, click on “Add”, a wizard will pop up

Click “next”

We will create “Flexible” volume (is contained in an aggregate)

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Give your volume the name “testvolume”

Select a containing aggregate (typically “aggr0”)

Give your volume a size

Ignore the Space Guarantee (use the default value)

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Commit your changes and close the wizard

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Now click on “Qtrees” and then on “Manage”

Make sure the security style of the volume is set to “NTFS”

If not, select the volume and change the security style

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The second big step is to share the volume we have just created

Click on “CIFS”, then “Shares”, then “Manage”

Click on “Add Share”

Create the share “testshare”

The path to the volume is “/vol/testvolume”

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Lastly, we can browse to the filer's IP address or name using explorer and a UNC-style path: \\filer-IP-address\

The newly created share should be visible and accessible

Map a network drive to the share

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smb://filer-IP-address/







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NAS – Scenario 2CIFS – Share Storage via the MMC

Use the Microsoft Management Console (MMC) and connect to the IP address or name of the filer

Note that you can look at the users/groups on the filer

Note that you can see the open files on the filer

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NAS – Scenario 2 (cont.)CIFS – Share Storage via the MMC (cont.)

Go to “System Tools”, “Shared Folders”, “Shares”, right-click and select “New Share...”

Complete the wizard

The path to the volume is “C:\vol\testvolume”

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NAS – Scenario 2 (cont.)CIFS – Share Storage via the MMC (cont.)

Feel free to set share level permissions

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NAS – Scenario 3CIFS – Shrink/Expand volume while clients are

connected

Note the free disk space on the mapped drive

Go to the filer's web interface, FilerView, and Click on “Volumes”, “Manage”

Next, click on the “testvolume” volume

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NAS – Scenario 3 (cont.)CIFS – Shrink/Expand volume while clients are

connected (cont.)

Click on “Resize Storage”, a new wizard will pop up

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NAS – Scenario 3 (cont.)CIFS – Shrink/Expand volume while clients are

connected (cont.)

After the resize operation, check the free disk space on the mapped drive (refresh with F5 if needed)

Note that it is also possible to shrink the available disk space!

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NAS – Scenario 4Snapshots – What ?

A immediate read-only copy of an active filesystem

Takes only fraction of a second to be created

No performance overhead

Maximum 255 per volume

Can be taken manually or can be scheduled

Serves as an instant backup of the volume data

Can be used to restore a single file, directory, or complete volume

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NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Snapshots – How ?

Taking a snapshot = makes a copy of file allocation table of WAFL filesystem

(a)Before

Snapshot

Disk Blocks

A

Active File Sys

B C D

(b)After

Snapshot

Active File SysSnapshot

A B C D

NewBlock

(c)

AfterBlockUpdated

Active File Sys

A B C D C’

Snapshot

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NAS – Scenario 4Snapshots – As seen from a client

Snapshots can be made visible to Windows and Unix/Linux clients

If visible: Windows: ~snapshot or ~snapsht directory Unix/Linux: .snapshot directory

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NAS – Scenario 4Snapshots – As seen from a client (cont.)

Users can browse the ~snapshot directory to see the snapshots and previous version of their files

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Windows XP and 2003 machines will also show previous versions for documents:

Note: regsvr32 twext.dll + snapshots must be visible on volume

http://technet2.microsoft.com/windowsserver/en/library/cfddaf10-24fa-4d6d-a34d-cfb84c5223781033.mspx?mfr=true

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The snapshots are read-only: you get an error if you try to delete them!

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NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Creating and deleting snapshots

It is possible to create/delete a snapshot via the FilerView web interface

Click on “Volumes”, then on “Snapshots”

Next, click on “Manage”

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NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Creating and deleting snapshots (cont.)

It is possible to select the volume “testvolume” and then click on “View” to show only those snapshots of the “testvolume” volume

You can delete a snapshot by selecting it and clicking on “Delete”

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NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Creating and deleting snapshots (cont.)

To create a snapshot, click on “Add Snapshot”

Next, select the volume you want to snapshot ...

... and give a name to your snapshot

Click on “Add”

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NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Scheduling snapshot creation

Generally, you will want the filer to take snapshots at regular intervals automatically. This is achieved by setting a snapshot schedule

Click on “Volumes”, then “Snapshots”, then “Configure”

Select the volume you want to configure

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NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Scheduling snapshot creation (cont.)

Make sure that “Scheduled Snapshots” is enabled

Select the number of snapshots to keep: The weekly snapshots are taken on the night from saturday

to sunday at midnight The daily snapshots are taken every day at midnight

The hourly snapshots have a special schedule:

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NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Restoring data from snapshots

Option 1 of 3: Copy/paste the file from somewhere under the the ~snapshot directory (may take a long time over a slow network)

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NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Restoring data from snapshots (cont.)

Option 2 of 3: Use Windows XP or Windows 2003 to access/restore the previous version of a document

Notes: options cifs.ms_snapshot_mode W2K: install “shadow copy client” W2K3/XP: “regsvr32 twext.dll” if

not visible

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NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Restoring data from snapshots (cont.)

Option 3 of 3: use the command-line on the filer to restore a file, directory, or volume

Fastest

Only a filer administrator can do this

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NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Note: making snapshots visible

If you cannot see the ~snapshot directory, two options must be enabled:

Under “CIFS”, “Configure”, “Options”, make sure “Show Snapshot” is enabled as a general CIFS option

For a specific volume, on the snapshot configuration screen, make sure “Snapshot Directory Visible” is enabled

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NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Note: making snapshots visible (cont.)

If you want to set the “previous versions” tab settings, you can configure this via an option:

cifs.ms_snapshot_mode off: empty “previous versions” tab xp: Windows XP, Windows 2003, Windows Vista,

Windows 2008 Server users will see the previous versions of a document

pre-xp: Windows 2000, XP, 2003, Vista, 2008 users with the Shadow Copy Client installed will be able to see the previous versions

You must also enable snapshot directory visibility at the volume level for all this to work

If you want to see previous versions, but NOT the ~snapshot directory, your only option is to disable the ~snapshot directory globally from CIFS → Options

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NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Volume space and snapshot reservation

A newly created snapshot does not take up any space

A snapshot only takes up place if the original files change or are deleted

Generally, the older a snapshot, the bigger it gets

Some estimates about snapshot growth: Volumes containing user data, file shares, etc.

1% growth per day (blocks changed) Volumes containing LUNs, SAN data

10-20% growth per day (blocks changed) To this extend, by default the filer will reserve some

volume space for snapshots 20% by default SNAPSHOTS CAN GET BIGGER THAN THE RESERVATION!

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NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Volume space and snapshot reservation – Example 1

Volume: 40Mb capacity = 32Mb usable:

Create a file with a size less than 8Mb:

Create a snapshot, the snapshot is close to 0 bytes in size

Delete the file, snapshot size has grown, free space back to normal

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NAS – Scenario 4 (cont.)Volume space and snapshot reservation – Example 2

Volume: 40Mb capacity = 32Mb usable:

Create a file with a size over 8Mb:

Create a snapshot, the snapshot is close to 0 bytes in size

Delete the file, snapshot size has grown, but the snapshot size has eaten into the free disk space of the active filesystem

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NAS – Scenario 5Working with quotas on the filer

Quotas:

Limit amount of disk space or number of files that can be used by a quota target

Track amount of disk space

Warn users when disk space or file usage is high

Targets:

Unix User or Windows User (“user quota”)

Unix group (“group quota”)

Qtree (“qtree quota”)

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NAS – Scenario 5 (cont.)Working with quotas on the filer (cont.)

Navigate to “Volume”, then “Quotas”, then “Manage”

Quotas must be turned on for a particular volume

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Let's add a qtree quota for a volume

Click on “Edit Rules” under “Quotas”

Click on “Add Quota Rule”. A wizard will appear

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Once the wizard has complete, you can list the quota rule, and even modify it afterwards

After quota rule modification on a volume, you must perform a quota resize operation on that volume for changes to take effect

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NAS – Scenario 5 (cont.)Some Important Quota Consideration

There are:

Default quotas (by using an asterisk “*”)

Explicit quotas

Explicit quotas override default quotas

Use default tracking quotas !

Quota Override Rules

More restrictive rules apply – the limit that is reached first is the one applied

The user “administrator” is not subject to USER quotas on the filer

Types:

hard quotas = cannot be exceeded

soft quotas = can be exceeded, trap sent when exceeded or ok again

thresholds = can be exceeded, only triggers trap if exceeded

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NAS – Scenario 5 (cont.)Some Important Quota Consideration (cont.)

QUOTA_TARGET_DOMAIN & QUOTA_PERFORM_USER_MAPPING

See article 3425 - Quota Use Guide For NetApp Storage Systems

“quota on” versus “quota resize”

Create default user, group and tree quotas for tracking purposes only

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netapp - nas quickstart guide

Documents

important quota consideration

share storage space

cifs share storage

create storage space

free disk space

cifs shrink expand volume

nas scenario 4snapshots

scheduling snapshot creation