Negotiations to limit nuclear weapons during the 1980s

SALT I:the first series of Strategic Arms Limitation Talks, extended from November 1969 to May 1972. First agreements to place limits and restraints on some of their central and most important weapons. This was ineffective.

SALT II: negotiations began in November 1972. The primary goal of SALT II was to replace the Interim Agreement with a long-term comprehensive Treaty providing broad limits on strategic offensive weapons systems. The principal U.S. objectives as the SALT II negotiations began were to provide for equal numbers of strategic nuclear delivery vehicles for the sides, to begin the process of reduction of these delivery vehicles, and to impose restraints on qualitative developments which could threaten future stability

START: Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty: START II, when implemented by Bush and Yeltsin, will eliminate heavy intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMS) and all other multiple-warhead (MIRVed) ICBMS. It will also reduce the total number of strategic nuclear weapons deployed by both countries, by two-thirds below pre-START levels. Current status of START: it has been extended.

Reykjavik Summit: Meeting between Reagan and Gorbachev on October 11-12, 1986. This was a near successful attempt of leaders of nuclear powers to

agree on complete elimination of nuclear weapons. It was a breakthrough meeting that showed nuclear disarmament is within reach as long as political leaders have courage to make such a decision and break through bureaucratic politics. It addressed previous treaties like START.

All show the cooperative efforts among nations.

Eventually East and West Germany are reunited in 1990.

Cold War Ends!

The USSR is failing…Problems:1.Communist leaders ruled with absolute power2.The government took control and workers did not become more prosperous – only treated cruelly.3.Economy worsened: a.Workers were unmotivatedb.Not enough products were being madec.Not enough food was being grown

For these reasons Communism did not spread as imagined.

Mikhail Gorbachev tried to make changes – glastnost and perestroika. This failed.

In 1991 the USSR dissolved when Gorbachev resigned, and when that union ended, Russia itself and its former republics all became separate countries. Russia becomes a federation led by a President.

Boris Yeltson became the first Russian president serving from 1991-99

Now what?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0g6arFbKZ60

The term Third World arose during the Cold War to define countries that remained non-aligned with either NATO (First World), or the Communist Bloc (Second World).

Broadly categorized the nations of the Earth into three groups based on social, political, and economic divisions

** Due to many of the "Third World countries" being extremely poor, it became a stereotype such that people commonly refer to poor countries as "third world countries"

•ALBANIA (2009)•BELGIUM (1949)

•BULGARIA (2004)•CANADA (1949)•CROATIA (2009)

•CZECH REPUBLIC (1999)•DENMARK (1949)•ESTONIA (2004)•FRANCE (1949)

•GERMANY (1955)•GREECE (1952)

•HUNGARY (1999)•ICELAND (1949)

•ITALY (1949)

•LATVIA (2004)•LITHUANIA (2004)

•LUXEMBOURG (1949)•NETHERLANDS (1949)

•NORWAY (1949)•POLAND (1999)

•PORTUGAL (1949)•ROMANIA (2004)•SLOVAKIA (2004)•SLOVENIA (2004)

•SPAIN (1982)•TURKEY (1952)

•THE UNITED KINGDOM (1949)•THE UNITED STATES (1949)

Members Nations of NATO as of 2013