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Needed this week Balloons One and two liter bottles Cotton gloves (to handle and protect from dry ice?)

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Chapter 13, States of Matter Four states of matter you need to know: Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

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Determining the states of matter The amount of kinetic energy a substance contains determines its physical state (solid, gas, liquid). The more energy it has, the looser it is bound

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States of Matter

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Adding Kinetic Energy

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Notice Did you notice that the Kinetic energy was added in the form of heat?

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Solids Solids stick together and stay in the same position next to each other (Like a class in which all students are seated)

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Liquids In a liquid, the particles touch each other but can move freely, like students in a crowded hallway.

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Gases In a gas, the molecules are not in regular contact with each other and bounce off when they hit one another (picture sixth graders in gym)

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Gas Pressure Gas pressure is the results of trillions of molecules banging against each other. The pressure is exerted in all directions at once. This is how a balloon or a tire stays inflated.

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Gas Pressure

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Atmospheric pressure Atmospheric pressure is the pull of gravity on all the gas above us in the atmosphere. A Barometer measures this pressure At sea level, atmospheric pressure is 760 mm of mercury, on Mt. Everest, it is 253 mm of mercury

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Barometer

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Measuring pressure Atmospheres (atm) mm of Mercury (mm Hg) Pascals (Pa) Kilopascals (because pascals are tiny) (kPa)

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Note = Dumb ole TV and radio meteorologists use inches of mercury rather than mm or kPa!!! One inch is 25.4 mm 760 mm = 29.92 inches

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Converting 1atm equals 760 mm Hg equals 101.3 kPa 1atm = 760 mm Hg = 101.3 kPa

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Swapping units 450 kPa X 760 mm Hg = 3400 mm Hg 101.3 kPa Note that 760 mm Hg and 101.3 kPa are the same pressure, so you multiply by one to convert

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Standards STP = Standard Temperature and Pressure 273 K (0 Celsius) standard pressure is 1 atm At STP, one mole of gas occupies 22.4 L

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Temperature and Kinetic Energy Temperature is the Average Kinetic Energy in a substance

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Should you need more and better explanations: http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/st ates-of-matter (needs java)(animation) http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/st ates-of-matter http://www.chemtutor.com/sta.htm (text) http://www.chemtutor.com/sta.htm http://www.footprints- science.co.uk/states.htm (animation and text) http://www.footprints- science.co.uk/states.htm http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V9W YweBA6vA (music Video) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V9W YweBA6vA

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More links http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cBB mdqti_Kg (student project video) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cBB mdqti_Kg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vDZh Ukp30tE (teacher done music video) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vDZh Ukp30tE

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Conclusions Answers questions 3-5 on page 389. Click the sounds icon for my answers