nea rankings and estimates...vii foreword he data presented in this combined report―rankings &...
TRANSCRIPT
Rankings&EstimatesRankings of the States 2010 and
Estimates of School Statistics 2011
NEA RESEARCH DECEMBER 2010
A limited supply of complimentary copies of this publication are available from NEA Research for state and local associations and UniServ staff by calling 202-822-7400. Additional copies may be purchased from the NEA Professional Library, Distribution Center, P.O. Box 404846, Atlanta, GA 30384-4846. Telephone 800-229-4200 for price information. This publication may also be downloaded from www.nea.org. Reproduction: No part of this report may be reproduced in any form without permission from NEA Research, except by NEA-affiliated associations. Any reproduction of the report materials must include the usual credit line and the copyright notice. Address communications to Editor, NEA Research.
Copyright © 2011 by the National Education Association
All Rights Reserved
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Contents
Foreword........................................................................................................................................................... vii
Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................................ix Part I. Rankings of the States 2010 Highlights............................................................................................ix Part II. Estimates of School Statistics 2011 Highlights ...............................................................................xi
Glossary ........................................................................................................................................................... xiii
RANKINGS 2010 ..................................................................................................................1
Technical Notes ...................................................................................................................................................2
Series A—Population...........................................................................................................................................3
Series B—Enrollment and Attendance ................................................................................................................9
Series C—Faculty ..............................................................................................................................................14
Series D—General Financial Resources ............................................................................................................24
Series E—Governmental Revenue.....................................................................................................................30
Series F—School Revenue ................................................................................................................................37
Series G—Government Expenditures................................................................................................................44
Series H—School Expenditures.........................................................................................................................50
Index to Rankings Tables...................................................................................................................................59
ESTIMATES 2011...............................................................................................................63
Technical Notes .................................................................................................................................................64
Highlights of Significant Developments in Public School Statistics .................................................................65
1. General Administration..................................................................................................................................69 School Districts...........................................................................................................................................69
2. Students..........................................................................................................................................................71 Fall Enrollment in Public Schools ..............................................................................................................71 Average Daily Attendance..........................................................................................................................72 High School Graduates ...............................................................................................................................72
3. Instructional Staff...........................................................................................................................................74 Total Instructional Staff..............................................................................................................................74 Classroom Teachers....................................................................................................................................74 Instructional Staff Salaries..........................................................................................................................75
iv Rankings & Estimates 2010–2011
Classroom Teacher Salaries ....................................................................................................................... 76
4. Revenues ....................................................................................................................................................... 80 Total Receipts............................................................................................................................................. 80 Revenue Receipts ....................................................................................................................................... 80 Increases in School Revenue...................................................................................................................... 81
5. Expenditures .................................................................................................................................................. 83 Total Expenditures ..................................................................................................................................... 83 Current Expenditures ................................................................................................................................. 83 Current Expenditure per Student in ENR................................................................................................... 84 Capital Outlay ............................................................................................................................................ 84 Interest on School Debt.............................................................................................................................. 84
State Notes for Rankings and Estimates............................................................................................................ 97
References ....................................................................................................................................................... 100
Framework for Developing State Profiles and Comparisons .......................................................................... 103
Framework for Developing State Statistical Highlights of Public Elementary and Secondary Schools......... 107
User Feedback Form........................................................................................................................................ 111
Tables and Figures for Rankings Note: Listings of the numerous figure and table titles for Rankings are provided in the introductory matter for each series (e.g., in the section, Series A—Population, the titles for Figure A and Tables A-1 to A-11 are shown on page 3). A comprehensive subject index to the Rankings tables begins on page 59.
Tables and Figures for Estimates
Highlights Table 1. 2010–11 versus 2009–10 Estimates for 50 States and D.C. Statistics of Public Elementary and Secondary School Districts .................................................................... 66
Highlights Table 2. Summary of Selected Estimates Data for 2010–11 .......................................................... 67
Table 1.1 Ten-Year Trend in Total Number of School Districts, 2001–2011............................................. 69
Table 1.2 Regional Totals for Operating School Districts, 2010–11 .......................................................... 70
Table 2.1 Ten-Year Trend in Total Public School Enrollment, 2001–2011 ............................................... 71
Table 2.2 Ten-Year Trend in Total Public Elementary School Enrollment, 2001–2011 ............................ 71
Table 2.3 Ten-Year Trend in Total Public Secondary School Enrollment, 2001–2011.............................. 72
Table 2.4 Ten-Year Trend in Average Daily Attendance, 2001–2011 ....................................................... 73
Table 3.1 Total Instructional Staff, 2009–10 and 2010–11......................................................................... 74
Table 3.2 Ten-Year Trend in Total Instructional Staff, 2001–2011............................................................ 75
Table 3.3 Ten-Year Trend in Total Number of Classroom Teachers, 2001–2011...................................... 75
Contents v
Table 3.4 Ten-Year Trend in Average Instructional Staff Salary, 2001–2011............................................76
Table 3.5 Ten-Year Trend in Average Annual Salaries for Public School Classroom Teachers, 2001–2011 ...................................................................................................................................78
Table 3.6 Ten-Year Trend in Percentage Change in Average Annual Salaries for Public School Classroom Teachers, 2001–2011.....................................................................................79
Table 4.1 Total Revenue Receipts, 2001–2011 ...........................................................................................80
Table 4.2 Total Revenue Receipts, 2001–2011, by Source of Government Contribution...........................81
Table 5.1 Ten-Year Trend in Total Expenditures for Public Schools, 2001–2011......................................83
Table 5.2 Ten-Year Trend in Total Current Expenditures for Public Schools, 2001–2011 ........................84
Table 5.3 Ten-Year Trend in Expenditures per Student, 2001–2011 ..........................................................85
Summary Table A. Estimated Number of Public Elementary and Secondary Districts, 2009–10 (Revised) and 2010–11 ................................................................................................................86
Summary Table B. Estimated Fall Enrollment, Elementary and Secondary Public Schools, 2009–10 (Revised) and 2010–11 ...........................................................................................................87
Summary Table C. Estimated ADM and ADA in Public Elementary and Secondary Schools and Number of Public High School Graduates, 2009–10 (Revised) ..................................................88
Summary Table D. Estimated ADM and ADA in Public Elementary and Secondary Schools and Number of Public High School Graduates, 2010–11...................................................................89
Summary Table E. Estimated Number of Instructional Staff Members in Public Elementary and Secondary Schools by Type of Position, 2009–10 (Revised)......................................................90
Summary Table F. Estimated Number of Instructional Staff Members in Public Elementary and Secondary Schools by Type of Position, 2010–11 ......................................................................91
Summary Table G. Estimated Average Annual Salaries of Total Instructional Staff and of Classroom Teachers, 2009–10 (Revised) and 2010–11...............................................................92
Summary Table H. Estimated Revenue and Nonrevenue Receipts, 2009–10 (Revised)..................................93
Summary Table I. Estimated Revenue and Nonrevenue Receipts, 2010–11....................................................94
Summary Table J. Estimated Expenditures for Public Schools, 2009–10 (Revised) ......................................95
Summary Table K. Estimated Expenditures for Public Schools, 2010–11.......................................................96
Highlights Figure 1. Ten-Year Trends in Public Education Data, 2001–2011 ................................................68
Figure 2.1 Annual Enrollment Changes, 2001–2011....................................................................................72
Figure 2.2 High School Graduates, 2001–2011 ............................................................................................73
Figure 3.1 Average Classroom Teacher Salary, 1991–2011.........................................................................76
Figure 3.2 Distribution of Average Classroom Teacher Salaries, 2011........................................................78
vi Rankings & Estimates 2010–2011
Figure 4.1 Percentage of Revenue Change over Prior Year by Source, 2001–2011 .................................... 82
Figure 5.1 Distribution of 2010–11 Current Expenditures per Student in Fall Enrollment.......................... 85
Figure 5.2 Capital Outlay and Interest on Debt, 2001–2011 ........................................................................ 85
vii
Foreword
he data presented in this combined report―Rankings & Estimates―provide facts about the extent to which local, state, and national governments commit resources to public education. As one might expect in a nation as diverse as the United States—with respect to economics, geography, and politics—the level of commitment
to education varies on a state-by-state basis. Regardless of these variations, improvements in public education can be measured by summary statistics. Thus, NEA Research offers this report to its state and local affiliates as well as to researchers, policymakers, and the public as a tool to examine public education programs and services. Part I of this combined report—Rankings 2010—provides state-level data on an array of topics relevant to the com-plex enterprise of public education. Since the 1960s, Rankings has presented facts and figures useful in determining how states differ from one another—or from national averages—on selected statistics. In addition to identifying emerging trends in key economic, political, and social areas, the state-by-state figures on government financing, state demographics, and public schools permit a statistical assessment of the scope of public education. Of course, no set of tables tells the entire story of a state’s education offerings. Consideration of factors such as a state’s tax system, pro-visions for other public services, and population characteristics also are needed. Therefore, it is unwise to draw con-clusions based solely on individual statistics in this report. Readers are urged to supplement the ranked data with specific information about state and local service activities related to public education. Part II of this combined report—Estimates 2011—is in its 67th year of production. This report provides projections of public school enrollment, employment and compensation of personnel, and finances, as reported by individual state departments of education. Not surprisingly, interest in the improvement and renewal of public education continues to capture the attention of the nation. The state-level data featured in Estimates permit broad assessments of trends in staff salaries, sources of school funding, and levels of educational expenditures. The data should be used with the un-derstanding that the reported statewide totals and averages may not reflect the varying conditions that exist among school districts and schools within the state. Public education in the United States is a joint enterprise between local, state, and federal governments. Yet, progress in improving public education stems primarily from the efforts of state education agencies, local districts, and indi-vidual schools. These public organizations deserve credit for recognizing that spending for education needs to be ac-knowledged as an investment in our nation’s most valuable resource—children. Similarly, this publication represents a collective effort that goes well beyond the staff of the National Education Association. Individual state departments of education and the NEA’s state affiliates participate in collecting and assembling the data shown here. As a result, the NEA appreciates and acknowledges the cooperation it receives from all those whose efforts make this publication possible.
NEA Research December 2010
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ix
Executive Summary
EA Research collects, maintains, and analyzes data on issues and trends affecting the nation’s public education systems and their employees. This report, Rankings of the States 2010 and Estimates of School Statistics 2011, contains data based on information from state departments of education and other, largely
governmental, sources. Complete citations for sources in this report are provided in the References section. Significant highlights of these two reports are as follows:
Part I. Rankings of the States 2010 HighlightsPopulation: State population data provide indicators of the relative demand for public education services and other public programs. From 2007 to 2008, the total U.S. resident population increased by eight-tenths percent (0.8%). States that experienced the greatest percentage gains in population were the Utah (3.4%), Louisiana (2.7%), Arizona (2.5%), Wyoming (1.9%), and North Carolina (1.8%). Michigan (-0.7%), Rhode Island (-0.7%), and Maine (-0.1%) experienced population declines (Table A-3). (All further references A-H refer to tables in the Rankings section.) The total U.S. resident population increased by 10.2 percent during the decade from 1998 to 2008. Nevada (40.3%) and Arizona (33.1%) experienced the greatest percentage gains in population over that 10-year period. Other states that had large 10-year gains include Utah (26.3%). North Dakota (-1.1%), Louisiana (-0.7%), and West Virginia (-0.1%) experienced a population decline (A-4). The most densely populated state in 2008 was New Jersey, with 1,171 persons per square mile of land area, same as in 2007. The District of Columbia had a population density of 9,639 persons per square mile. The average population density for the United States and D.C. in 2008 was 86 persons per square mile. The least densely populated states in 2008: Alaska (1), Wyoming (6), Montana (7), and North Dakota (9) (A-11).
Enrollment: In fall 2009, U.S. public school enrollment was 49,141,467, up 0.2 percent over fall 2008. The largest percentage enrollment changes from fall 2008 to fall 2009 were in Nevada (2.8%), Utah (2.2%), Idaho (2.2%), and Texas (2.0%). Twenty-one states experienced declines in student enrollment in fall 2009. The greatest declines were in Vermont (-1.6%) (B-2, B-3). Classroom Teachers: Changes in the number of staff employed in education institutions as well as their levels of compensation reflect trends in enrollment; changes in the economy; and specific state, local, and national program priorities. There were 3,215,371 teachers in 2009–10 (C-5). The average number of students per teacher increased from 15.2 in 2008–09 to 15.3 in 2009–10. This ratio of students to teachers must not be confused with “Average Class Size,” which is the number of students assigned to a classroom for instructional purposes. Class size and student-teacher ratio are very different concepts and cannot be used interchangeably. According to recent studies, the difference between student-teacher ratio and average class size in K–3 is 9 or 10 students (Sharp 2002). Therefore, an elementary school with a school wide student-teacher ratio of 16:1 in kindergarten through third grade would typically have an average class size of 25 or 26 students in those same grades. The highest number of students enrolled per teacher in public elementary and secondary schools in fall 2009: Utah (22.4), California (21.4), Washington (19.3), Arizona (18.9), and Oregon (18.7). States with the lowest student–teacher ratios
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x Rankings & Estimates 2010–2011
were Vermont (9.8), Maine (11.1), Virginia (11.7), and New York (11.8). Thirty-four states and the District of Columbia had average student–teacher ratios below the U.S. average (15.3) (C-6). Males comprised 24.0 percent of U.S. public school teachers in 2010. Many of them taught in Kansas (33.1%), Alaska (31.5%), Oregon (30.8%), Indiana (30.5%), or Vermont (30.2%). States with the lowest percentage of male faculty: Arkansas (16.0%), Virginia (17.8%), Mississippi (17.9%), South Carolina (18.4%), Louisiana (18.4%), and Georgia (19.8%). The median was 24.1 percent (C-8). Classroom Teacher Salaries: The U.S. average public school teacher salary for 2009–10 was $55,202. State average public school teacher salaries ranged from those in New York ($71,633), Massachusetts ($69,273), and California ($68,203) at the high end to South Dakota ($38,837), North Dakota ($42,964), and Missouri ($45,317) at the low end (C-11). Over the decade from 1999–2000 to 2009–10, in constant dollars, average salaries for public school teachers increased 3.5 percent. Wyoming (28.3%), Oklahoma (19.5%), Massachusetts (16.6%), Louisiana (15.8%), and Maryland (13.9%) had the largest real increases in salaries during that 10-year period. Eleven states saw real declines in average teacher salaries over those years, adjusting for inflation. Those with average salaries declining 5 percent or more: Michigan (-7.3%), North Carolina (-6.8%), and Indiana (-6.3%) (C-14). The U.S. average one-year increase in public school teacher salaries from 2008–09 to 2009–10 was 1.7%. During this period, the CPI increased 1.5%. The largest one-year increases—5 percent or more— were in South Dakota (10.7%) and Oklahoma (8.8%). Average salaries in current dollars declined in North Carolina (-3.3%), Florida (-0.5%), and Utah (-0.1%) (C-15). Expenditures per Student: The U.S. average per student expenditure for public elementary and secondary schools in 2009–10 fall enrollment was
$10,586. States with the highest per student expenditures: New Jersey ($16,967), New York ($16,922), Vermont ($16,308), Rhode Island ($15,384), and Wyoming ($15,345). Arizona ($6,170), Utah ($6,859), Mississippi ($7,752), Nevada ($7,813), and Idaho ($7,875) had the lowest per student expenditures (H-11). General Financial Resources: Total personal income data indicate the overall economic activity within a specific geographic area. It is the aggregate income from all sources received by persons residing in a state, and it has a significant effect on the total reve-nue or financial resources available to government jurisdictions through taxation. Personal income largely drives state tax systems; sales and income tax collec-tions respond rapidly to its changes. Between 2007 and 2008, U.S. total personal income increased 6.4 percent to yield $252,592 per student enrolled (D-2, D-7), whereas revenue per K–12 student increased by 4.3 percent that year. For 2009–10, revenue per K–12 student increased 2.8 percent (F-1, F-2). Government Revenues: State and local government revenue shares show little annual variation; given this well-established reality, it is easy to see why eco-nomic growth is the key to substantive improvement in education finance. State and local tax revenues per $1,000 of personal income for 2007–08 were $107 versus $110 the prior year. This number has been fairly level over the past decade (E-4). School Revenues: School funding continues to be state oriented, although the federal share increased somewhat in recent years. Between school years 2008–09 and 2009–10, the local share of K–12 public education funding decreased from 43.6 to 43.5 percent (F-7, F-8) and the state share decreased from 46.3 to 45.3 (F-9, F-10). The federal share increased to 11.1 percent (F-11, F-12). Throughout the past 10 years, state and local governments have each provided between 43 and 50 percent of the total revenues.
Executive Summary xi
Government Expenditures: Expenditures for ele-mentary and secondary schools and for higher educa-tion can serve as indicators of state and local government “effort” to fund these services. Between 1998 and 2008, expenditures for elementary and sec-ondary (K–12) education increased 22.5 percent,
whereas higher education spending increased 36.3 percent, in real dollars. The ratio of elementary and secondary expenditures to higher education expendi-tures was 2.6 to 1 in 2008, similar to the 2007 ratio of 2.6 to 1.
Part II. Estimates of School Statistics 2011 HighlightsEnrollment: Public school enrollment was expected to increase by 21,000 students from 2009–10 to 2010–11, from 49,141,467 to 49,162,463. Increases in the elementary grades were estimated to be 16,791, and secondary classes were expected to enroll about 4,205 more students. Of course, changes in enrollment vary across the country, with considerable differences pre-dicted from state to state and district to district. Classroom Teachers: To meet the increasing pro-grammatic and changing enrollment demands of local school districts, state education departments expected the number of public school classroom teachers to increase by more than 23,000, from 2009–10 to 2010–11 in spite of recent staff reductions. There were an estimated 3,215,371 teachers for 2009–10 compared to 3,238,795 in 2010–11. Implications for local school district finances vary. Nevertheless, clearly the shift-ing enrollments may present serious challenges to ex-isting school finance relationships at the state and local levels as districts prepare to meet needs gener-ated by increased enrollment and additional school personnel. Classroom Teacher Salaries: Based on trends, the NEA estimated that the average classroom teacher salary for 2010–11 would increase by 1.6 percent over 2009–10, from $55,202 to $56,069. The national aver-age salary, although useful as a benchmark statistic,
hides vast differences among states, with statewide averages likewise clouding significant local variations. Expenditures per Student: Expenditures per student in fall enrollment were expected to increase by 2.3 percent to $10,826 in 2010–11, up from $10,586 in 2009–10. This compares with a 2.3 percent increase in total current expenditures. General Resources: State governments still provide the largest share of public school financial support—estimated at 45.8 percent for 2010–11—up 0.4 percent from the revised figure of 45.3 percent in 2009–10. Once again, differences among states are considerable, reflecting differences in state and local revenue sys-tems, demographic characteristics, and program pri-orities, to name but a few factors. For 2010–11, the federal government’s contribution to public elementary and secondary school revenues is expected to be 10.5 percent, versus the revised figure of 11.1 percent in 2009–10. The federal, state, and local revenue contributions for public education for 2010–11 are estimated at $62.6 billion, $273.1 billion, and $260.6 billion, respectively, totaling $596.3 bil-lion. See Estimates pages 66 and 67 for additional summary information.
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Glossary
Average Daily Attendance (ADA): The aggregate at-tendance of a school during a reporting period divided by the number of days school is in session during this period. Only days on which the pupils are under the guidance and direction of teachers should be considered as days in session. The average daily attendance for groups of schools having varying lengths of terms is the sum of the average daily attendances obtained for the individual schools. Average Daily Membership (ADM): The aggregate membership of a school during a reporting period di-vided by the number of days school is in session during this period. Only days on which pupils are under the guidance and direction of teachers should be considered as days in session. The average daily membership for groups of schools having varying lengths of terms is the sum of the average daily memberships obtained for the individual schools. Average Salary: The arithmetic mean of the salaries of the group described. This figure is the average gross salary before deductions for Social Security, retirement, health insurance, and so on. Basic Administrative Unit: See School District. Capital Outlay: An expenditure that results in the ac-quisition of fixed assets or additions to fixed assets, which are presumed to have benefits for more than one year. It is an expenditure for land or existing buildings, improvements of grounds, construction of buildings, additions to buildings, remodeling of buildings, or ini-tial, additional, and replacement equipment. Classroom Teacher: A staff member assigned the pro-fessional activities of instructing pupils in self-contained classes or courses, or in classroom situations. The num-ber of classroom teachers is usually expressed in full-time equivalents.
Coefficient of Variation (CV): The standard deviation expressed as a percentage of the mean. Used to compare standard deviations of varying groups of data. Current Expenditures: The expenditures for operating local public schools, excluding capital outlay and inter-est on school debt. These expenditures include such items as salaries for school personnel, fixed charges, student transportation, school books and materials, and energy costs. Current Expenditures for Elementary and Secondary Day Schools: Included are the following:
a. Expenditures for administration by the state board of education and the state department of education excluding expenditures for vocational rehabilitation and salaries for personnel who provide supplementary services, such as state library, state museum, teacher retirement, teacher placement, and so on.
b. Expenditures for administration by county or
other intermediate administrative units.
c. Total current expenditures by local school dis-tricts, such as expenditures for administration, instruction, attendance, health, transportation, net food service, maintenance and operation, and other net expenditures to cover deficits for extracurricular activities for pupils. (Net food service also includes the value of commodities donated by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, such as those provided through the school lunch and milk programs.)
d. Direct state expenditures for current operations,
such as state (employer) contributions to re-tirement systems, pension funds, or Social Se-curity on behalf of public school employees;
xiv Rankings & Estimates 2010–2011
state expenditures for textbooks distributed to local school districts; and all other expenditures made by the state on behalf of free public ele-mentary and secondary schools. Includes cur-rent expenditures made for vocational/technical elementary and secondary education.
Current Expenditures for Other Programs: Current expenses for summer schools, adult education, post-high-school vocational education, personnel retraining, and community services; services to private school pu-pils, community centers, recreational activities, and pub-lic libraries, and so on, when operated by local school districts and not part of regular public elementary and secondary day-school programs. Debt: The major portion of all state and local govern-ment debt constitutes long-term indebtedness. A sub-stantial portion of such long-term debt is nonguaranteed debt (i.e., obligations payable solely from pledged earn-ings of specific activities or facilities, from special as-sessments, or from specific nonproperty taxes). Education: The provision or support of schools and other education facilities and services. Effort: A measure that relates the capacity to support public schools (defined as the personal income of the residents of the state) to the revenues obtained, or ex-penditures made, on behalf of public schools. The latest available personal income data determine the school year for which school revenues and expenditures are chosen for comparison. Personal income for the year shown would be available to pay school taxes or defray school expenditures in that school year. Elementary School: A school classified as elementary by state and local practice and composed of any span of grades not above grade 8. A preschool or kindergarten school is included under this heading only if it is an in-tegral part of an elementary school or a regularly estab-lished school system. Enrollment: A cumulative count of the number of pu-pils registered during the entire school year. New en-trants are added, but those leaving are not subtracted. Expenditures: All amounts of money paid out by a government—net of recoveries and other correcting
transactions—other than for retirement of debt, invest-ment in securities, extension of credit, or as agency transactions. Expenditures include only external transac-tions of a government and exclude noncash transactions, such as the provision of perquisites or other payments in kind. Aggregates for groups of governments exclude intergovernmental transactions among the governments involved. Fall Enrollment: The count of the pupils registered in the fall of the school year, usually in October. Fire Protection: Comprises fire-fighting and fire-protection activities of local governments. Full-Time Equivalent Employment: A computed sta-tistic representing the number of full-time employees that could have been employed if the reported number of hours worked by part-time employees had been worked by full-time employees. This statistic is calculated sepa-rately for each function of a government by dividing the “part-time hours paid” by the standard number of hours for full-time employees in the particular government and then adding the resulting quotient to the number of full-time employees. Functions: Public purposes served by governmental activities (education, highways, public welfare, etc.). Expenditures for each function include amounts for all types of expenditures serving the purpose concerned. General Expenditures: All expenditures of a govern-ment other than utility expenditures, liquor store expen-ditures, and insurance trust expenditures. General Revenue: All revenue of a government except the kinds of revenue classified as utility revenue, liquor store revenue, and insurance trust revenue. All tax col-lections, even if designated for insurance trust or local utility purposes, are classified under general revenue. General Sales Taxes: Sales or gross receipts taxes that are applicable, with only specified exceptions, to all types of goods and services or all gross income, whether at a single rate or at classified rates. Health: Health services, other than hospital care, includ-ing health research, clinics, nursing, immunization, and other categorical, environmental, and general public
Glossary xv
health activities. School health services provided by health agencies (rather than school agency) are included. High School Graduate: A person who receives formal recognition from school authorities for having com-pleted the prescribed high school course of study; ex-cludes equivalency certificates. Hospitals: Establishment and operation of hospital fa-cilities, provision of hospital care, and support of other public or private hospitals. Household: A unit that includes all persons occupying a house, apartment, or room regarded as a dwelling unit, excluding group quarters such as dormitories. Individual Income Tax: Taxes on individuals measured by net income and taxes imposed on special types of income (e.g., interest, dividends, and income from in-tangibles). Instructional Staff: Full-time equivalent number of positions, not the number of different individuals occu-pying the positions during the school year. In local schools, instructional staff includes all public elementary and secondary (junior and senior high) day school posi-tions that are in the nature of teaching or in the im-provement of the teaching–learning situation. Includes consultants or supervisors of instruction, principals, teachers, guidance personnel, librarians, psychological personnel, and other instructional staff. Excludes admin-istrative staff, attendance personnel, health services per-sonnel, clerical personnel, and junior college staff. In institutions of higher education, includes those engaged in teaching and related academic research in junior col-leges, colleges, and universities, including those in hos-pitals, agricultural experiment stations, and farms. Interest on Debt: Annual expenditures to pay interest only on long-term debt. K–12: Kindergarten through 12th grade. Used for con-venience of abbreviation in the Rankings tables; com-prises “Elementary School” and “Secondary School” as defined in this glossary. Thus, as is the case for “Ele-mentary School,” K–12 here may include preschool and/or kindergarten but only if it is an integral part of an elementary school or a regularly established school sys-tem.
Live Births: Number of births in the United States. Mean: The arithmetic average of the data. Median: The middle number in a group when data are arranged in numeric sequence. Membership: A count of the number of pupils “belong-ing” to a school, whether present or absent, on a day when school is in session. Noninstructional Staff: In local schools includes ad-ministrative and clerical personnel, plant operation and maintenance employees, bus drivers, and lunchroom, health, and recreational personnel engaged by school systems. In institutions of higher education includes ca-feteria, clerical, and custodial workers in colleges and universities, hospitals, agricultural experiment stations, and farms. Nonoperating School District: A school district that does not provide direct instruction for pupils but con-tracts with or pays tuition to other districts. Nonrevenue Receipts: The amount received by local education agencies from the sale of bonds and real prop-erty and equipment, loans, and proceeds from insurance adjustments. Operating School District: A school district that di-rectly provides instruction for pupils by hiring its own staff. Personal Income: State personal income is the current income received by residents of the state from all sources, including transfers from government and busi-ness but excluding transfers among persons. It is a be-fore-tax measure. The total includes both monetary and nonmonetary income of individuals and income received in kind. It also includes the investment income of non-profit institutions serving individuals as well as the in-vestment income of private trust funds and private noninsured welfare funds. Police Protection: Preservation of law and order and traffic safety. Includes highway police patrols, crime prevention activities, police communications, detention and custody of persons awaiting trial, traffic safety, ve-hicular inspection, and so on.
xvi Rankings & Estimates 2010–2011
Property Taxes: Taxes conditioned on ownership of property and measured by its value. Includes both gen-eral property taxes (i.e., relating to property as a whole, real and personal, tangible or intangible, whether taxed at a single rate or at classified rates) and special property taxes (i.e., on selected types of property, such as motor vehicles or certain or all tangibles, subject to rates that are not directly related to rates applying to general prop-erty taxation). Public Welfare: Support of and assistance to eligible persons contingent upon their need. Excludes pensions to former employees and other benefits not contingent on need. Expenditures under this heading include cash assistance payments directly to needy persons under categorical and other welfare programs; vendor pay-ments made directly to private purveyors for medical care, burials, and other services provided under welfare programs; welfare institutions; and any intergovernmen-tal or other direct expenditures for welfare purposes. Any services provided directly by the government through its hospital and health agencies are classed un-der those headings. Range: The difference between the highest and lowest values in a group of data. Resident Population: In addition to those who are resi-dents of an area, includes armed forces personnel who are stationed in the area. Revenue: Revenue receipts for public school purposes derive from three main sources:
Local. Local, intermediate, and other sources include all funds for direct expenditures by local and intermediate districts for school services, for the opera-tion of intermediate departments of education, for em-ployer contributions to retirement systems and/or Social Security on behalf of public school employees, for the purchase of materials for distribution of local school districts, and so on. Includes net receipts from revolving funds or clearing accounts only when such funds are available for general expenditure by the local board of education. Includes gifts and tuition and fees received from patrons.
State. Revenue receipts from state sources in-clude all funds for the operation of the state department of education, for state (employer) contributions to re-tirement systems and/or Social Security on behalf of
school employees, for grants in aid to intermediate and local school districts for school purposes (including funds available from state bond issues for such grants and the costs of textbooks, buses, supplies, etc., pur-chased by the state for distribution to local school dis-tricts), for the payment of interest on state bonds issued to provide grants to local school districts, and all other state revenue for public school purposes. Money col-lected by the state as an agent of a lesser unit and turned over in like amounts to that unit is not included.
Federal. Revenue receipts from federal sources include money distributed from the federal treasury ei-ther directly to local school districts or through the state and county, including grants for vocational education, for aid to federally affected areas, for school lunch and milk programs, for educating American Indians in local public schools, and money derived from federal forest reserves and federal oil royalties. Revenue from Own Sources: All revenue of a govern-ment (taxes and other) except intergovernmental. School District: An education agency at the local level that exists primarily to operate public schools or to con-tract for public school services. Synonyms are “local basic administrative unit” and “local education agency.” School-Age Population: Population age 5 through 17, inclusive (excluding armed forces abroad). Secondary School: A school comprising any span of grades beginning with the next grade following an ele-mentary or middle school (usually 7, 8, or 9) and ending with or below grade 12. Both junior high schools and senior high schools are included. Standard Deviation, SDEV: A statistical technique measuring the extent to which data vary from their mean. Used to indicate the relative dispersion of indi-vidual items. Student-Teacher Ratio: The number of students in the fall enrollment divided by the number of classroom teachers. This ratio of students to teachers must not be confused with “average class size,” which is the number of students assigned to a classroom for instructional purposes. Class size and student-teacher ratio are very different concepts and cannot be used interchangeably. According to recent studies, the difference between stu-
Glossary xvii
dent-teacher ratio and average class size in K–3 is 9 or 10 students (Sharp 2002). Therefore, an elementary school with a school-wide student-teacher ratio of 16:1 in kindergarten through third grade would typically have an average class size of 25 or 26 students in those same grades. Taxes: Compulsory contributions exacted by a govern-ment for public purposes, except employee and em-ployer assessments for retirement and social insurance purposes, which are classed as insurance trust revenue. All tax revenue is classified under general revenue and comprises amounts received (including interest and pen-alties but excluding refunds) from taxes imposed by the recipient government. Amounts received by a govern ment from a tax it imposes are counted as tax revenue of that government, even though initially collected by an-other government; however, any amounts the collecting
government retains are treated as its tax revenue. Tax amounts subsequently distributed to other governments are classified as intergovernmental transactions. Total Expenditures: Includes all current expenditures, capital outlay, and interest on the school debt. Total Revenue Receipts: Includes all revenue receipts available for expenditure for current expenses, capital outlay, and debt service for public schools, including all appropriations from general funds of federal, state, county, and local governments; receipts from taxes lev-ied for school purposes; income from permanent school funds and endowments; income from leases of school lands; interest on bank deposits; tuition; gifts; and so on. Amounts that increase the school indebtedness or that represent exchange of school property for money are excluded.
Rankings 2010
2
Technical Notes
his publication, Rankings of the States 2010, con-tains rank-ordered statistics for the 50 states and the District of Columbia. All state data are
ranked beginning with the largest figure. When the val-ues of two or more states are the same, they are assigned the same rank, with the appropriate number resumed with the next state in rank. In this case, they appear in rank order before rounding. Note, also, that some totals in certain tables may not sum exactly because of round-ing. Dollar values are expressed in “current dollars” unless otherwise noted. The notation “(Revised)” indi-cates tables that have been updated from the previous edition of Rankings of the States. The education data in Rankings are the most recent ac-tual or estimated data available from state departments of education. Complete citations for data sources are presented in the References section (page 100). Where no data are available from a state education department, NEA Research has provided an estimate, identified by an asterisk in Series B, C, F, and H tables. The State Notes (page 97) contain additional information provided by state education departments to help explain data re-ported for their states. The availability of data from federal government and other sources dictates the presence or absence of certain tables in this report. Because average daily membership (ADM) is no longer widely used as a state and national statistic, it has been replaced by fall enrollment (ENR) in the computation of
expenditure per student featured in Series H. Moreover, the per student count in ENR, rather than in average daily attendance (ADA), has become the recommended indicator for measuring public school expenditures and revenues as well as personal income per student in this report. However, for the reader’s convenience, tables with variables in ADA have been maintained, and new tables have been added for the ENR count in Series D, F, and H. Note, also, that in Series C, F, and H, the term “K–12 Schools” has replaced the term “Elementary and Secon-dary Schools.” No change in the meaning is implied (see the glossary entries for these terms). The abbreviation is used because of limited space in the title fields in the database from which the Rankings tables are generated for this volume. Figures A through H illustrate historical trends in se-lected Rankings data, and a detachable worksheet is pro-vided at the back of this book to help state affiliates and general users develop a school funding profile. Com-parisons with neighboring states can be developed for any Rankings table by using the last page of the detach-able section. The NEA skipped a publication year. Therefore, no Rankings of the States 2007 and Estimates of School Statistics 2008 exists.
T
3
Series A—Population
ables in Series A provide information about the population of states and can serve as indicators of the relative demand for public education ser-
vices or other public programs. The level and change in total state population are fea-tured in Tables A-1 through A-4. These tables help to identify patterns of growth or decline for each state and the resulting implications for the staffing and financing of public education institutions. Population density ap-pears in Table A-11. School-age population data in Tables A-5 through A-7 focus directly on the consumers of public elementary and secondary education. Combining these figures with public school enrollment tables in Series B can indicate demand for and participation in public school services.
Tables A-8 through A-10 define the adult population within states. Changes in the size of adult and elderly age groups affect demand for public school programs and the degree to which funding for education faces competition from other public sector programs. These tables also can indicate the propensity of citizens within a state to support public education. Figure A displays historical trends for two key groups: school-age and retirement-age populations. The school-age trend indicates a potential demand for education; the adult and retirement-age populations indicate a potential demand for health care services. As both education and health care are heavily dependent on public financing, competition between the two groups for available tax dollars may increase (Tables A-6, A-9).
Figure A. Annual Percentage of Population in Selected Age Groups, 1998–2008
Tables A-1 to A-11 A-1. Total Resident Population, 2008 A-2. Total Resident Population, 2007 A-3. Percentage Change in Total Resident Population, 2007–08 A-4. Percentage Change in Total Resident Population, 1998–2008 A-5. Population Ages 5–17, 2008 A-6. Population Ages 5–17 as Percentage of Total Population, 2008 A-7. Percentage of Resident Population Under Age 18, 2008 A-8. Percentage of Resident Population Ages 18–64, 2008 A-9. Percentage of Resident Population Ages 65 and Older, 2008 A-10. Percentage Change in Population 65 Years of Age and Older, 1998–2008 A-11. Population per Square Mile of Land Area, 2008
T
Rankings of the States 2010
4
Figure A. Annual Percentage of Population in Selected Age Groups, 1998–2008
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Year
Perc
ent
Age 5–17 Age 65 and over
Series A – Population 5
1.U
TAH
3.4
2.LO
UIS
IAN
A2.
73.
ARI
ZON
A2.
54.
WYO
MIN
G1.
95.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A1.
8TE
XAS
1.8
7.ID
AHO
1.7
8.C
OLO
RAD
O1.
6SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A1.
610
.G
EORG
I A1.
511
.N
EVAD
A1.
412
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
1.3
13.
ORE
GO
N1.
114
.N
EW Y
ORK
1.0
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A1.
016
.D
ELAW
ARE
0.9
KAN
SAS
0.9
MO
NTA
NA
0.9
TEN
NES
SEE
0.9
UN
ITED
STA
TES
0.8
20.
ALA
BAM
A0.
7A
RKAN
SAS
0.7
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A0.
7KE
NTU
CKY
0.7
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
0.7
MIS
SISS
IPPI
0.7
NEW
MEX
ICO
0.7
OKL
AHO
MA
0.7
VIRG
INI A
0.7
29.
CA
LIFO
RNI A
0.6
MIS
SOUR
I0.
631
.IN
DIAN
A0.
5IO
WA
0.5
NEB
RASK
A0.
5W
ISC
ON
SIN
0.5
35.
ALA
SKA
0.4
FLO
RIDA
0.4
HAW
AII
0.4
ILLIN
OIS
0.4
MIN
NES
OTA
0.4
40.
MA
RYLA
ND
0.3
41.
NO
RTH
DAK
OT A
0.2
OH
IO0.
243
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A0.
1W
EST
VIRG
INI A
0.1
45.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T0.
0N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E0.
0N
EW JE
RSE Y
0.0
VERM
ON
T0.
049
.M
AIN
E–0
.150
.M
ICH
IGAN
–0.7
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D–0
.7
Com
pute
d fro
m Ta
bles
A-1
and
A-2
.
A-3.
PERC
ENTA
GE C
HANG
E IN
TOTA
LRE
SIDEN
T POP
ULAT
ION,
200
7–08
1.C
ALIF
ORN
IA36
,553
2.TE
XAS
23,9
043.
NEW
YO
RK19
,298
4.FL
ORI
DA18
,251
5.ILL
I NO
IS12
,853
6.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
IA12
,433
7.O
HI O
11,4
678.
MIC
HIG
AN10
,072
9.G
EORG
I A9,
545
10.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A9 ,
061
11.
NEW
JERS
E Y8,
686
12.
VIRG
INIA
7,71
213
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
6,46
814
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S6 ,
450
15.
INDI
ANA
6,34
516
.A
RIZO
NA
6,33
917
.TE
NN
ESSE
E6 ,
157
18.
MIS
SOUR
I5,
878
1 9.
MA
RYLA
ND
5,61
820
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
5,60
221
.M
INN
ESO
TA5,
198
22.
CO
LORA
DO
4,86
223
.A
LABA
MA
4,62
824
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A4 ,
408
25.
LOU
ISIA
NA
4 ,29
326
.KE
NTU
CKY
4 ,24
127
.O
REG
ON
3,74
728
.O
KLAH
OM
A3,
617
29.
CO
NN
ECTIC
UT3,
502
30.
IOW
A2,
988
31.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
2 ,91
932
.A
RKAN
SAS
2 ,83
533
.KA
NSA
S2 ,
776
34.
UTA
H2 ,
645
35.
NEV
ADA
2,56
536
.N
EW M
EXIC
O1,
970
37.
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA1,
812
38.
NEB
RASK
A1,
775
39.
IDAH
O1,
499
40.
MA
INE
1,31
741
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E1,
316
42.
HAW
AII
1 ,28
343
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
1,05
844
.M
ON
TAN
A95
845
.D
ELAW
ARE
865
46.
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A79
647
.A
LASK
A68
348
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
T A64
049
.VE
RMO
NT
621
50.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A58
851
.W
YOM
ING
523
UN
ITED
STA
TES
301,
621
U.S.
Cen
sus B
ureau
(200
9).
A-2.
TOTA
L RES
IDEN
T POP
ULAT
ION,
2007
(THO
USAN
DS)
1.C
ALIF
ORN
IA36
,757
2.TE
XAS
24,3
273.
NEW
YO
RK19
,490
4.FL
ORI
DA18
,328
5.ILL
INO
IS12
,902
6.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
IA12
,448
7.O
HI O
11,4
868.
MIC
HIG
AN10
,003
9.G
EORG
I A9,
686
10.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A9 ,
222
11.
NEW
JERS
E Y8,
683
12.
VIRG
INIA
7,76
913
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
6,54
914
.A
RIZO
NA
6,50
015
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S6 ,
498
16.
INDI
ANA
6,37
717
.TE
NN
ESSE
E6,
215
18.
MIS
SOUR
I5 ,
912
1 9.
MA
RYLA
ND
5,63
420
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
5,62
821
.M
INN
ESO
TA5,
220
22.
CO
LORA
DO
4,93
923
.A
LABA
MA
4,66
224
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A4 ,
480
25.
LOU
ISIA
NA
4 ,41
126
.KE
NTU
CKY
4 ,26
927
.O
REG
ON
3,79
028
.O
KLAH
OM
A3,
642
29.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T3,
501
30.
IOW
A3,
003
31.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
2 ,93
932
.A
RKAN
SAS
2 ,85
533
.KA
NSA
S2 ,
802
34.
UTA
H2 ,
736
35.
NEV
ADA
2,60
036
.N
EW M
EXIC
O1,
984
37.
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA1,
814
38.
NEB
RASK
A1,
783
39.
IDAH
O1,
524
40.
MA
INE
1,31
6N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E1,
316
42.
HAW
AII
1 ,28
843
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
1,05
144
.M
ON
TAN
A96
745
.D
ELAW
ARE
873
46.
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A80
447
.A
LASK
A68
648
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
T A64
149
.VE
RMO
NT
621
50.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A59
251
.W
YOM
ING
533
UN
ITED
STA
TES
304,
060
U.S.
Cen
sus B
ureau
(201
0a).
A-1.
TOTA
L RES
IDEN
T POP
ULAT
ION,
2008
(THO
USAN
DS)
6 Rankings of the States 2010
1.U
TAH
21.2
2.TE
XAS
19.3
3.ID
AHO
19.1
4.A
LASK
A18
.7G
EORG
IA18
.76.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
18.6
7.A
RIZO
NA
18.3
8.C
ALIF
ORN
I A18
.1LO
UIS
IAN
A18
.110
.N
EVAD
A18
.011
.IN
DIAN
A17
.912
.KA
NSA
S17
.8N
EW M
EXIC
O17
.814
.ILL
INO
IS17
. 7N
EBRA
SKA
17.7
16.
MIC
HIG
AN17
.617
.A
RKAN
SAS
17.5
OKL
AHO
MA
17.5
UN
ITED
STA
TES
17.4
19.
ALA
BAM
A17
.4SO
UTH
DAK
OTA
17.4
21.
MIS
SOUR
I17
.3N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
17.3
OH
I O17
.324
.C
OLO
RAD
O17
.2C
ON
NEC
TICU T
17.2
MA
RYLA
ND
17.2
MIN
NES
OTA
17.2
NEW
JERS
E Y17
.229
.TE
NN
ESSE
E17
.130
.IO
WA
17.0
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
17.0
32.
KEN
TUC
KY16
.9W
ASHI
NG
TON
16.9
WIS
CO
NSI
N16
.9W
YOM
ING
16.9
36.
DEL
AWAR
E16
.837
.VI
RGIN
IA16
.738
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E16
.639
.O
REG
ON
16.5
40.
MO
NTA
NA
16.4
NEW
YO
RK16
.442
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
IA16
.343
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S16
.144
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
16.0
45.
NO
RTH
DAK
OT A
15.8
46.
FLO
RID A
15.6
47.
VERM
ON
T15
.5W
EST
VIRG
INI A
15.5
49.
HAW
AII
15.4
MA
INE
15.4
51.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A12
.8
Com
pute
d fro
m Ta
bles
A-1
and
A-5
.
A-6.
POPU
LATIO
N AG
ES 5
–17 A
S PER
CENT
AGE O
FTO
TAL P
OPUL
ATIO
N, 2
008
1.C
ALIF
ORN
IA6,
660
2.TE
XAS
4,69
83.
NEW
YO
RK3,
200
4.FL
ORI
DA2,
864
5.ILL
INO
IS2,
285
6.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A2,
025
7.O
HI O
1,98
78.
GEO
RGIA
1,80
89.
MIC
HIG
AN1 ,
765
10.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A1 ,
591
11.
NEW
JERS
E Y1,
490
12.
VIRG
INIA
1,30
113
.A
RIZO
NA
1,19
114
.IN
DIAN
A1,
142
15.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N1,
108
16.
TEN
NES
SEE
1 ,06
217
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S1 ,
043
18.
MIS
SOUR
I1 ,
022
1 9.
MA
RYLA
ND
969
20.
WIS
CO
NSI
N95
221
.M
INN
ESO
TA89
622
.C
OLO
RAD
O84
923
.A
LABA
MA
811
24.
LOU
ISIA
NA
797
25.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
763
26.
KEN
TUC
KY72
327
.O
KLAH
OM
A63
928
.O
REG
ON
624
29.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T60
130
.U
TAH
581
31.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
546
32.
IOW
A51
133
.A
RKAN
SAS
500
34.
KAN
SAS
498
35.
NEV
ADA
469
36.
NEW
MEX
ICO
354
37.
NEB
RASK
A31
538
.ID
AHO
291
39.
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA28
140
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E21
841
.M
AIN
E20
342
.H
AWA
II19
843
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
168
44.
MO
NTA
NA
159
45.
DEL
AWAR
E14
746
.SO
UTH
DAK
OT A
140
47.
ALA
SKA
128
48.
NO
RTH
DAK
OT A
101
49.
VERM
ON
T96
50.
WYO
MIN
G90
51.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A76
UN
ITED
STA
TES
52,
936
U.S.
Cen
sus B
ureau
(201
0a).
A-5.
POPU
LATIO
N AG
ES 5
–17,
2008
(THO
USAN
DS)
1.N
EVAD
A40
.32.
ARI
ZON
A33
.13.
UTA
H26
.34.
GEO
RGIA
23.2
5.ID
AHO
21.7
6.TE
XAS
20.7
7.C
OLO
RAD
O20
.08.
FLO
RID A
18.3
9.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
18.1
10.
DEL
AWAR
E14
.411
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A14
.312
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
13.5
13.
ORE
GO
N13
.114
.VI
RGIN
I A12
.615
.TE
NN
ESSE
E11
.616
.C
ALIF
ORN
I A11
.417
.N
EW M
EXIC
O10
.718
.A
LASK
A10
.6UN
ITED
STA
TES
10.2
19.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
9.1
20.
ARK
ANSA
S8.
721
.W
YOM
ING
8.6
22.
MIN
NES
OTA
8.5
23.
MO
NTA
NA
8.4
24.
MA
RYLA
ND
8.3
25.
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A7.
826
.KE
NTU
CKY
7.1
MIS
SOUR
I7.
128
.O
KLAH
OM
A7.
029
.IN
DIAN
A6.
330
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
6.2
31.
HAW
AII
6.0
32.
ALA
BAM
A5.
833
.KA
NSA
S5.
334
.ILL
INO
IS5.
1N
EBRA
SKA
5.1
36.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A4.
8M
ISSI
SSIPP
I4.
8N
EW JE
RSEY
4.8
39.
MA
INE
4.5
40.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T4.
041
.N
EW Y
ORK
3.9
42.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
3.6
43.
VERM
ON
T3.
544
.IO
WA
3.4
45.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D1.
946
.M
ICH
IGAN
1.6
PEN
NSY
LVA
NI A
1.6
48.
OH
I O1.
549
.W
EST
VIRG
INI A
–0.1
50.
LOU
ISIA
NA
–0.7
51.
NO
RTH
DAK
OTA
–1.1
U.S.
Cen
sus B
ureau
(201
0a).
A-4.
PERC
ENTA
GE C
HANG
E IN
TOTA
L RES
IDEN
TPO
PULA
TION,
199
8–20
08
Series A – Population 7
1.FL
ORI
DA17
.42.
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA15
.83.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
15.4
4.M
AIN
E15
.15.
HAW
AII
14.8
IOW
A14
.8N
ORT
H D
AKO
T A14
.88.
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A14
.69.
ARK
ANSA
S14
.310
.M
ON
TAN
A14
.211
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
14.1
12.
DEL
AWAR
E13
.913
.A
LABA
MA
13.8
VERM
ON
T13
.815
.C
ON
NEC
TICUT
13.7
OH
IO13
.717
.M
ISSO
URI
13.6
18.
NEB
RASK
A13
.5O
KLAH
OM
A13
.520
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S13
.4N
EW Y
ORK
13.4
22.
ARI
ZON
A13
.3KE
NTU
CKY
13.3
ORE
GO
N13
.3SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A13
.3W
ISC
ON
SIN
13.3
27.
NEW
JERS
E Y13
.2TE
NN
ESSE
E13
.229
.KA
NSA
S13
.1N
EW M
EXIC
O13
.131
.M
ICH
IGAN
13.0
UN
ITED
STA
TES
12.8
32.
INDI
ANA
12.8
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
12.8
34.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
12. 7
35.
MIN
NES
OTA
12.5
36.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A12
.437
.ILL
INO
IS12
.2LO
UIS
IAN
A12
.2W
YOM
ING
12.2
40.
MA
RYLA
ND
12.1
VIRG
INI A
12.1
42.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A12
.0ID
AHO
12.0
WAS
HIN
GTO
N12
.045
.N
EVAD
A11
.446
.C
ALIF
ORN
I A11
.247
.C
OLO
RAD
O10
.348
.TE
XAS
10.2
49.
GEO
RGI A
10.1
50.
UTA
H9.
051
.A
LASK
A7.
3
U.S.
Cen
sus B
ureau
(201
0b).
A-9.
PERC
ENTA
GE O
F RES
IDEN
T POP
ULAT
ION
AGES
65 A
ND O
LDER
, 200
81.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A69
.12.
ALA
SKA
66.5
3.VE
RMO
NT
65.4
4.C
OLO
RAD
O65
.25.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
64.9
6.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S64
.67.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N64
.58.
VIRG
INI A
64.4
9.M
AIN
E64
.1M
ARY
LAN
D64
.1RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
64.1
12.
NEW
YO
RK64
.013
.O
REG
ON
63.8
WYO
MIN
G63
.815
.G
EORG
I A63
.616
.M
INN
ESO
T A63
.517
.C
ALIF
ORN
I A63
.3N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
63.3
WIS
CO
NSI
N63
.320
.ILL
INO
IS63
.2N
EW JE
RSEY
63.2
22.
CO
NN
ECTIC
UT63
.1KE
NTU
CKY
63.1
MIC
HIG
AN63
.1M
ON
TAN
A63
.126
.H
AWA
II63
.0TE
NN
ESSE
E63
.0W
EST
VIRG
INI A
63.0
UN
ITED
STA
TES
62.9
29.
NEV
ADA
62.9
NO
RTH
DAK
OT A
62.9
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
62.9
32.
LOU
ISIA
NA
62.6
33.
DEL
AWAR
E62
.5O
HI O
62.5
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
62.5
36.
INDI
ANA
62.4
37.
MIS
SOUR
I62
.338
.A
LABA
MA
62.2
TEXA
S62
.240
.KA
NSA
S61
.941
.N
EW M
EXIC
O61
.6O
KLAH
OM
A61
.643
.IO
WA
61.5
44.
NEB
RASK
A61
.445
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I61
.246
.A
RKAN
SAS
61.1
47.
IDAH
O60
.948
.FL
ORI
D A60
.849
.SO
UTH
DAK
OT A
60.7
50.
ARI
ZON
A60
.551
.U
TAH
59.9
U.S.
Cen
sus B
ureau
(201
0b).
A-8.
PERC
ENTA
GE O
F RES
IDEN
T POP
ULAT
ION
AGES
18–6
4, 20
081.
UTA
H31
.12.
TEXA
S27
.63.
IDAH
O27
.14.
ARI
ZON
A26
.3G
EORG
IA26
.36.
ALA
SKA
26.2
7.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I26
.18.
NEV
ADA
25.7
9.C
ALIF
ORN
IA25
.510
.N
EW M
EXIC
O25
.311
.LO
UIS
IAN
A25
.1N
EBRA
SKA
25.1
13.
KAN
SAS
25.0
14.
INDI
ANA
24.9
OKL
AHO
MA
24.9
16.
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A24
.817
.A
RKAN
SAS
24.6
ILLIN
OIS
24.6
1 9.
CO
LORA
DO
24.4
UN
ITED
STA
TES
24.3
20.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A24
.321
.A
LABA
MA
24.1
22.
MIN
NES
OT A
24.0
MIS
SOUR
I24
.0W
YOM
ING
24.0
25.
MIC
HIG
AN23
.926
.M
ARY
LAN
D23
.8O
HI O
23.8
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
23.8
TEN
NES
SEE
23.8
30.
IOW
A23
.731
.D
ELAW
ARE
23.6
KEN
TUC
KY23
.6N
EW JE
RSE Y
23.6
34.
VIRG
INI A
23.5
WAS
HIN
GTO
N23
.536
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
23.3
37.
CO
NN
ECTIC
UT23
.238
.O
REG
ON
22.9
39.
MO
NTA
NA
22.8
40.
NEW
YO
RK22
.641
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E22
.3N
ORT
H D
AKO
TA22
.343
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A22
.244
.H
AWA
II22
.145
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S22
.046
.FL
ORI
D A21
.947
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
21.8
48.
WES
T VI
RGIN
I A21
.349
.M
AIN
E20
.8VE
RMO
NT
20.8
51.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A18
.9
U.S.
Cen
sus B
ureau
(201
0b).
A-7.
PERC
ENTA
GE O
F RES
IDEN
TPO
PULA
TION
UNDE
R AG
E 18,
2008
8 Rankings of the States 2010
1.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A9,
639
2.N
EW JE
RSEY
1,17
13.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D1,
006
4.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S82
95.
CO
NN
ECTIC
UT72
36.
MA
RYLA
ND
576
7.D
ELAW
ARE
447
8.N
EW Y
ORK
413
9.FL
ORI
D A34
010
.O
HI O
281
11.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NI A
278
12.
CA
LIFO
RNIA
236
13.
ILLIN
OIS
232
14.
HAW
AII
201
15.
VIRG
INI A
196
16.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A18
917
.IN
DIAN
A17
818
.M
ICH
IGAN
176
1 9.
GEO
RGIA
167
20.
TEN
NES
SEE
151
21.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
149
22.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
147
23.
KEN
TUC
KY10
824
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
104
25.
LOU
ISIA
NA
101
26.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N98
27.
TEXA
S93
28.
ALA
BAM
A92
UN
ITED
STA
TES
86
29.
MIS
SOUR
I86
30.
WES
T VI
RGIN
I A75
31.
VERM
ON
T67
32.
MIN
NES
OT A
6633
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I63
34.
ARI
ZON
A57
35.
ARK
ANSA
S55
36.
IOW
A54
37.
OKL
AHO
MA
5338
.C
OLO
RAD
O48
39.
MA
INE
4340
.O
REG
ON
4041
.KA
NSA
S34
42.
UTA
H33
43.
NEV
ADA
2444
.N
EBRA
SKA
2345
.ID
AHO
1846
.N
EW M
EXIC
O16
47.
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A11
48.
NO
RTH
DAK
OT A
949
.M
ON
TAN
A7
50.
WYO
MIN
G6
51.
ALA
SKA
1
U.S.
Cen
sus B
ureau
(201
0a).
A-11
. POP
ULAT
ION
PER
SQUA
RE M
ILE O
FLA
ND A
REA,
2008
1.N
EVAD
A48
.52.
ALA
SKA
47.1
3.A
RIZO
NA
39.6
4.U
TAH
33.5
5.ID
AHO
31.7
6.N
EW M
EXIC
O30
.77.
GEO
RGIA
29.8
8.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A27
.69.
CO
LORA
DO
27.1
10.
DEL
AWAR
E26
.011
.TE
XAS
23.5
12.
VIRG
INI A
22.5
13.
HAW
AII
21. 7
14.
TEN
NES
SEE
20.8
15.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A20
.416
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
20.1
17.
VERM
ON
T19
.418
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E18
.2W
YOM
ING
18.2
20.
ORE
GO
N16
.721
.FL
ORI
DA16
.622
.M
ON
TAN
A16
.123
.KE
NTU
CKY
15.0
24.
MA
RYLA
ND
14.9
25.
CA
LIFO
RNI A
13.8
26.
MA
INE
13. 7
UN
ITED
STA
TES
13.0
27.
ALA
BAM
A13
.028
.A
RKAN
SAS
12. 7
29.
MIN
NES
OTA
11.5
30.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
10. 7
31.
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA10
.432
.IN
DIAN
A10
.033
.O
KLAH
OM
A9.
434
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
8.5
35.
MIS
SOUR
I8.
136
.N
EW Y
ORK
7.6
37.
LOU
ISIA
NA
7.1
38.
MIC
HIG
AN6.
639
.ILL
INO
IS5.
340
.N
EBRA
SKA
5.2
41.
OH
I O4.
642
.N
EW JE
RSEY
4.1
43.
WES
T VI
RGIN
I A4.
044
.KA
NSA
S3.
445
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
T A3.
346
.IO
WA
3.0
47.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T1.
948
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S1.
249
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A0.
450
.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
–2.7
51.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D–3
.9
U.S.
Cen
sus B
ureau
(201
0a).
A-10
. PER
CENT
AGE C
HANG
E IN
POPU
LATIO
N 6
5YE
ARS O
F AGE
AND
OLD
ER, 1
998–
2008
9
Series B—Enrollment and Attendance
ables in Series B feature data on student partici-pation in public elementary and secondary schools. The tables include current statistics on
students enrolled and the change in enrollment over the previous year. These tables indicate change in relative demand for public school services and staff. Public school enrollment (ENR) and average daily at-tendance (ADA) appear in Tables B-2 through B-5. Table B-7 shows the percentage change in the number of high school graduates over a 10-year period, which is
useful in predicting demand for higher education ser-vices in future years. Please see page 97 for additional information provided by the state education departments to help explain data reported for their states in Series B tables. Percentage change in total K–12 public school enroll-ment is displayed in Figure B. Accommodating in-creases has required and will continue to require physical and financial resources just to maintain a level measure of educational services (Table B-3).
Figure B. Annual Percentage Change in Fall Enrollment, 2000–10 Tables B-1 to B-7 B-1. Number of Operating Public School Districts, 2009–10 B-2. Public School Enrollment, Fall 2009 B-3. Percentage Change in Public School Enrollment, Fall 2008 to Fall 2009 B-4. Average Daily Attendance in Public Schools, 2009–10 B-5. Average Daily Attendance as Percentage of Fall Enrollment, 2009–10 B-6. Number of Public High School Graduates, 2009–10 B-7. Percentage Change in Number of High School Graduates, 1999–2000 versus 2009–10
T
Rankings of the States 2010
10
Figure B. Annual Percentage Change in Fall Enrollment, 2000–10
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Year
Perc
ent
Series B – Enrollment and Attendance 11
1.N
EVAD
A2.
8*
2.ID
AHO
2.2
*U
TAH
2.2
4.TE
XAS
2.0
5.C
OLO
RAD
O1.
76.
OKL
AHO
MA
1.5
7.KA
NSA
S1.
2N
EBRA
SKA
1.2
9.D
ELAW
ARE
1.1
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A1.
111
.W
YOM
ING
1.0
12.
LOU
ISIA
NA
0.9
13.
VIRG
INIA
0.8
*14
.A
LASK
A0.
7G
EORG
I A0.
716
.IO
WA
0.6
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
0.6
18.
MA
RYLA
ND
0.5
1 9.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A0.
4*
20.
ALA
BAM
A0.
3A
RKAN
SAS
0.3
*KE
NTU
CKY
0.3
NO
RTH
DAK
OTA
0.3
WES
T VI
RGIN
I A0.
3*
UN
ITED
STA
TES
0.2
*25
.M
ISSO
URI
0.2
*26
.FL
ORI
DA0.
1IN
DIAN
A0.
128
.A
RIZO
NA
0.0
*M
ISSI
SSIPP
I0.
0*
TEN
NES
SEE
0.0
*31
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
–0.1
32.
CA
LIFO
RNI A
–0.2
*M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S–0
.2M
ON
TAN
A–0
.2RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
–0.2
36.
ILLIN
OIS
–0.3
NEW
MEX
ICO
–0.3
WAS
HIN
GTO
N–0
.339
.N
EW JE
RSEY
–0.4
*O
HIO
–0.4
ORE
GO
N–0
.4PE
NN
SYLV
AN
IA–0
.443
.C
ON
NEC
TICU T
–0.5
*N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E–0
.545
.M
ICH
IGAN
–0.6
*M
INN
ESO
TA–0
.6*
47.
HAW
AII
–0.7
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A–0
.749
.M
AIN
E–1
.0*
NEW
YO
RK–1
.0*
51.
VERM
ON
T–1
.6*
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
B-3.
PER
CENT
AGE C
HANG
E IN
PUBL
IC SC
HOOL
ENRO
LLME
NT, F
ALL 2
008 T
O FA
LL 20
091.
TEXA
S1,
237
2.C
ALIF
ORN
IA1,
042
*3.
OH
IO98
64.
ILLIN
OIS
869
*5.
MIC
HIG
AN77
3*
6.N
EW Y
ORK
695
7.A
RIZO
NA
627
8.N
EW JE
RSE Y
591
9.O
KLAH
OM
A52
710
.M
ISSO
URI
524
*11
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
IA49
912
.M
INN
ESO
TA47
1*
13.
WIS
CO
NSI
N42
514
.M
ON
TAN
A41
715
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S39
216
.IO
WA
361
17.
INDI
ANA
349
18.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N29
51 9
.KA
NSA
S29
320
.VE
RMO
NT
286
*21
.N
EBRA
SKA
253
22.
ARK
ANSA
S24
5*
23.
MA
INE
229
*24
.O
REG
ON
196
25.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T19
5*
26.
GEO
RGIA
186
27.
NO
RTH
DAK
OT A
183
28.
CO
LORA
DO
178
29.
KEN
TUC
KY17
430
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E16
331
.SO
UTH
DAK
OTA
154
32.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
152
*33
.ID
AHO
137
34.
TEN
NES
SEE
135
*35
.A
LABA
MA
132
VIR G
INIA
132
*37
.LO
UIS
IAN
A12
038
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
115
39.
NEW
MEX
ICO
89SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A89
41.
FLO
RIDA
67*
42.
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA55
*43
.A
LASK
A54
44.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D49
45.
WYO
MIN
G48
46.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A41
*U
TAH
4148
.D
ELAW
ARE
3749
.M
ARY
LAN
D24
50.
NEV
ADA
17*
51.
HAW
AII
1UN
ITED
STA
TES
15,
350
*
NEA
Res
earc
h, E
stima
tes D
atab
ase (
2010
).
B-1.
NUM
BER
OF O
PERA
TING
PUBL
IC SC
HOOL
DIST
RICT
S, 20
09–1
01.
CA
LIFO
RNIA
6,23
8,24
4*
2.TE
XAS
4,82
4,77
83.
NEW
YO
RK2,
667,
369
*4.
FLO
RIDA
2,63
5,11
55.
ILLI N
OIS
2,10
5,77
96.
OH
IO1,
892,
137
7.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A1,
780,
413
8.M
ICH
IGAN
1 ,67
3,03
2*
9.G
EORG
IA1,
667,
685
10.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A1 ,
416,
161
11.
NEW
JERS
E Y1,
372,
731
*12
.VI
RGIN
IA1,
245,
165
*13
.A
RIZO
NA
1,07
7,80
0*
14.
INDI
ANA
1,04
6,22
215
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
1,03
5,88
716
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S95
6 ,23
117
.TE
NN
ESSE
E95
3 ,97
5*
18.
MIS
SOUR
I90
3,42
3*
19.
WIS
CO
NSI
N87
2,43
620
.M
ARY
LAN
D84
8,41
221
.C
OLO
RAD
O83
2,36
822
.M
INN
ESO
TA81
4,64
1*
23.
ALA
BAM
A74
1,11
524
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A71
2 ,24
425
.LO
UIS
IAN
A69
0 ,91
526
.O
KLAH
OM
A65
4,54
227
.KE
NTU
CKY
651 ,
810
28.
CO
NN
ECTIC
UT56
8,27
9*
29.
UTA
H56
3,27
330
.O
REG
ON
561,
698
31.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
495 ,
790
*32
.IO
WA
490,
417
33.
KAN
SAS
480,
498
34.
ARK
ANSA
S45
8 ,23
7*
35.
NEV
ADA
449,
607
*36
.N
EW M
EXIC
O32
6,55
837
.N
EBRA
SKA
295,
402
38.
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA28
2,89
2*
39.
IDAH
O28
1,00
3*
40.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
196,
344
41.
MA
INE
189,
643
*42
.H
AWA
II17
7,80
043
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
145,
118
44.
MO
NTA
NA
141 ,
807
45.
ALA
SKA
131,
662
46.
DEL
AWAR
E12
6 ,80
147
.SO
UTH
DAK
OT A
123,
370
48.
NO
RTH
DAK
OT A
93,7
1549
.VE
RMO
NT
87,5
80*
50.
WYO
MIN
G87
,420
51.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A75
,923
*UN
ITED
STA
TES
49,
141,
467
*
NEA
Res
earc
h, E
stima
tes D
atab
ase (
2010
).
B-2.
PUB
LIC SC
HOOL
ENRO
LLME
NT,
FALL
2009
12 Rankings of the States 2010
1.
CA
LIFO
RNIA
383,
566
*2.
TEXA
S27
0,88
23.
NEW
YO
RK17
6,53
2*
4.FL
ORI
DA14
5,79
35.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
134,
697
*6.
ILLIN
OIS
131,
443
*7.
OH
IO12
4,26
4*
8.M
ICH
IGAN
114,
217
*9.
GEO
RGIA
101,
138
*10
.N
EW JE
RSEY
96,5
89*
11.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A88
,698
12.
VIRG
INIA
87,1
01*
13.
ARI
ZON
A82
,206
*14
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
66,6
0315
.M
INN
ESO
T A66
,215
*16
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
64,7
6117
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S64
,670
18.
INDI
ANA
63,0
711 9
.TE
NN
ESSE
E62
,529
*20
.M
ISSO
URI
62,3
42*
21.
MA
RYLA
ND
59,7
7422
.C
OLO
RAD
O46
,811
23.
KEN
TUC
KY42
,235
24.
ALA
BAM
A41
,003
*25
.C
ON
NEC
TICUT
40,2
77*
26.
OKL
AHO
MA
37,7
82*
27.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
36,9
8928
.LO
UIS
IAN
A36
,408
29.
ORE
GO
N35
,815
30.
IOW
A34
,462
31.
KAN
SAS
30,7
3832
.U
TAH
29,9
33*
33.
ARK
ANSA
S29
,834
*34
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I24
,027
*35
.N
EVAD
A23
,582
*36
.N
EBRA
SKA
19,9
70*
37.
NEW
MEX
ICO
18,5
4538
.W
EST
VIRG
INIA
17,8
36*
39.
IDAH
O17
,212
*40
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E15
,468
*41
.M
AIN
E15
,039
*42
.H
AWA
II11
,451
43.
MO
NTA
NA
10,0
2944
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
9,57
6*
45.
VERM
ON
T8,
201
*46
.SO
UTH
DAK
OTA
8,17
0*
47.
ALA
SKA
7,71
248
.D
ELAW
ARE
7 ,53
8*
49.
NO
RTH
DAK
OTA
6,93
350
.W
YOM
ING
5 ,48
051
.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
1,74
5*
UN
ITED
STA
TES
3,11
7,89
0
NEA
Res
earc
h, E
stima
tes D
atab
ase (
2010
).
B-6.
NUM
BER
OF P
UBLIC
HIG
H SC
HOOL
GRA
DUAT
ES,
2009
–10
1.N
EW Y
ORK
114.
2*
2.N
EW JE
RSEY
103.
3*
3.N
EVAD
A10
0.7
*4.
CO
NN
ECTIC
UT10
0.4
*5.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A10
0.0
*6.
MA
RYLA
ND
99.8
7.C
ALIF
ORN
I A97
.0*
8.G
EORG
IA96
.09.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
95.8
*10
.A
RIZO
NA
95.5
*UN
ITED
STA
TES
95.0
*11
.A
LABA
MA
94.7
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
94.7
*13
.KA
NSA
S94
.5KE
NTU
CKY
94.5
15.
MIN
NES
OT A
94.4
*16
.FL
ORI
DA94
.3IN
DIAN
A94
.3M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S94
.319
.SO
UTH
DAK
OTA
94.1
*20
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
94.0
21.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A93
.922
.TE
NN
ESSE
E93
.8*
23.
IDAH
O93
.7*
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
93.7
*25
.ILL
INO
IS93
.5*
26.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
93.2
27.
LOU
ISIA
NA
93.1
OKL
AHO
MA
93.1
29.
TEXA
S93
.030
.C
OLO
RAD
O92
. 7M
AIN
E92
.7*
32.
MIS
SOUR
I92
.5*
33.
VIRG
INIA
92.4
*W
EST
VIRG
INIA
92.4
*35
.N
EW M
EXIC
O92
.3W
YOM
ING
92.3
37.
HAW
AII
92.1
MIC
HIG
AN92
.1*
39.
WIS
CO
NSI
N92
.040
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
TA91
.741
.D
ELAW
ARE
91.2
*42
.N
EBRA
SKA
90.4
43.
IOW
A89
.4*
44.
ALA
SKA
89.0
45.
ORE
GO
N88
.846
.O
HI O
86.9
*47
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
86.0
*48
.M
ON
TAN
A81
.8*
49.
ARK
ANSA
S81
.2*
50.
VERM
ON
T80
.0*
51.
UTA
H78
.8*
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
B-5.
AVE
RAGE
DAI
LY A
TTEN
DANC
E AS P
ERCE
NTAG
E OF
FALL
ENRO
LLM
ENT,
2009
–10
1.C
ALIF
ORN
IA6,
051,
938
2.TE
XAS
4,48
5,88
43.
NEW
YO
RK3,
045,
771
*4.
FLO
RIDA
2,48
5,86
45.
ILLIN
OIS
1,96
8,13
7*
6.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
IA1,
686,
534
*7.
OH
IO1,
645,
130
*8.
GEO
RGIA
1,60
0,97
89.
MIC
HIG
AN1 ,
540,
026
*10
.N
EW JE
RSEY
1,41
7,64
8*
11.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A1,
329,
894
12.
VIRG
INIA
1,14
9,94
3*
13.
ARI
ZON
A1,
029,
246
*14
.IN
DIAN
A98
6,88
515
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
974,
150
16.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
901 ,
319
17.
TEN
NES
SEE
894 ,
764
18.
MA
RYLA
ND
846 ,
971
1 9.
MIS
SOUR
I83
5,78
0*
20.
WIS
CO
NSI
N80
2,49
221
.C
OLO
RAD
O77
1,93
822
.M
INN
ESO
TA76
9,39
6*
23.
ALA
BAM
A70
2,13
124
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A66
3 ,96
725
.LO
UIS
IAN
A64
3,32
826
.KE
NTU
CKY
615 ,
883
27.
OKL
AHO
MA
609,
376
28.
CO
NN
ECTIC
UT57
0,61
3*
29.
ORE
GO
N49
9,02
430
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I47
4 ,83
9*
31.
KAN
SAS
454,
018
32.
NEV
ADA
452,
846
*33
.U
TAH
443,
840
*34
.IO
WA
438,
637
*35
.A
RKAN
SAS
371,
861
*36
.N
EW M
EXIC
O30
1,51
437
.N
EBRA
SKA
267,
177
38.
IDAH
O26
3,31
6*
39.
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA26
1,29
0*
40.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
183,
904
*41
.M
AIN
E17
5,81
6*
42.
HAW
AII
163,
695
43.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D12
4,86
5*
44.
ALA
SKA
117,
224
45.
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A11
6,07
0*
46.
MO
NTA
NA
116,
043
*47
.D
ELAW
ARE
115,
690
*48
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
TA85
,967
49.
WYO
MIN
G80
,676
50.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A75
,923
*51
.VE
RMO
NT
70,0
28*
UN
ITED
STA
TES
46,
680,
250
NEA
Res
earc
h, E
stima
tes D
atab
ase (
2010
).
B-4.
AVE
RAGE
DAI
LY A
TTEN
DANC
E IN
PUBL
ICSC
HOOL
S, 20
09–1
0
Series B – Enrollment and Attendance 13 1.
ARI
ZON
A14
3.8
*2.
NEV
ADA
72.6
*3.
GEO
RGIA
56.1
*4.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A47
.4*
5.FL
ORI
DA42
.16.
TEN
NES
SEE
38.2
*7.
CO
NN
ECTIC
UT36
.0*
8.VI
RGIN
IA32
.8*
9.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E30
.7*
10.
NEW
JERS
EY29
.8*
11.
TEXA
S27
.212
.VE
RMO
NT
26.8
*13
.N
EW Y
ORK
24.6
*14
.C
ALIF
ORN
IA24
.1*
15.
MA
RYLA
ND
23.7
16.
DEL
AWAR
E23
.4*
17.
MA
INE
22.8
*UN
ITED
STA
TES
22.5
*1 8
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S22
.11 9
.C
OLO
RAD
O20
.320
.O
REG
ON
18.8
21.
MIS
SOUR
I18
.6*
22.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
18.2
*23
.ILL
INO
IS17
.5*
24.
MIC
HIG
AN16
.9*
25.
ALA
SKA
15.7
26.
MIN
NES
OTA
15.4
*27
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
14.8
*28
.KE
NTU
CKY
14.7
29.
WIS
CO
NSI
N13
.830
.A
LABA
MA
12.5
*31
.O
HIO
11.8
*32
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A11
.433
.IN
DIAN
A10
.734
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
9.9
35.
ARK
ANSA
S9.
7*
36.
NEW
MEX
ICO
8.9
37.
IDAH
O6.
5*
38.
HAW
AII
6.4
39.
KAN
SAS
5.6
40.
IOW
A1.
941
.N
EBRA
SKA
1.7
*42
.O
KLAH
OM
A1.
1*
43.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
–0.8
*44
.LO
UIS
IAN
A–5
.045
.U
TAH
–7.9
*46
.M
ON
TAN
A–8
.047
.W
EST
VIRG
INI A
–8.3
*48
.SO
UTH
DAK
OTA
–11.
4*
49.
WYO
MIN
G–1
5.3
50.
NO
RTH
DAK
OTA
–19.
351
.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
–35.
3*
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
B-7.
PER
CENT
AGE C
HANG
E IN
NUMB
ER O
FHI
GH SC
HOOL
GRA
DUAT
ES, 1
999–
2000
TO 2
009–
10
14
Series C—Faculty
ersonnel in local public schools and in public institutions of higher education are the focus of tables in Series C. Changes in the number of staff
employed in education institutions as well as their levels of compensation reflect trends in enrollment, changes in the economy, and specific program priorities expressed by state residents. The number of staff employed in public schools is fea-tured in Table C-1. The statistics for full-time employ-ment in higher education presented in Tables C-2 through C-4 have been computed by the U.S. Census Bureau with a formula using hours worked by part-time employees. Two tables of student load—number of stu-dents enrolled per teacher and number of students in ADA per teacher—are presented in Tables C-6 through C-7. Average salaries for public elementary and secondary classroom teachers and instructional staff are featured in Tables C-9 through C-22. These average salary data are presented in “current” (unadjusted) dollars and also in
“constant” (inflation-adjusted) dollars. These computa-tions employ the Consumer Price Index for all Urban Consumers (CPI-U), converted to a school-year basis, using the 1999–2000 school year as the base (1999–2000 = 100.0). The presentation of salary changes in constant-dollar terms enables identification of salary increases attribut-able to inflation. The resulting picture for most states is of a salary gain over the past decade far below what the public may intend or know of. Used as an advocacy tool, these salary data can do much to dispel myths of huge jumps in the purchasing power of teacher salaries. Please see page 97 for additional information provided by the state education departments to help explain data reported for their states in Series C tables. Figure C traces the percentage change in average sala-ries paid teachers from 2000 to 2010. When adjusted for inflation, the average salary has increased by 3.5 percent over the decade (Tables C-15, C-14).
Figure C. Annual Percentage Change in Teacher Salary, 2000–10 (Current $) Tables C-1 to C-22 C-1. Total Instructional Staff in Public K–12 Schools, 2009–10 C-2. Total Instructional Staff (Full-Time Equivalent) in Public Institutions of Higher Education, 2008 C-3. Total Instructional Staff (FTE) in Public Institutions of Higher Education per 10,000 Population,
October 2008 C-4. Total Noninstructional Staff (FTE) in Public Institutions of Higher Education per 10,000 Population,
October 2008 C-5. Number of Teachers in Public K–12 Schools, 2009–10 C-6. Students Enrolled per Teacher in Public K–12 Schools, Fall 2009 C-7. Students in ADA per Teacher in Public K–12 Schools, 2009–10 C-8. Percentage of Public School Teachers Who Are Men, 2009–10
P
Series C – Faculty 15
C-9. Average Salaries of Public School Teachers, 2008–09 (Revised) ($) C-10. Average Salaries of Public School Teachers as Percentage of National Average, 2008–09 (Revised) C-11. Average Salaries of Public School Teachers, 2009–10 ($) C-12. Average Salaries of Public School Teachers as Percentage of National Average, 2009–10 C-13. Percentage Change in Average Salaries of Public School Teachers 1999–2000 to 2009–10 (Current
$) C-14. Percentage Change in Avg. Salaries of Public School Teachers, 1999–2000 to 2009–10 (Constant $) C-15. Percentage Change in Average Salaries of Public School Teachers 2008–09 to 2009–10 (Current $) C-16. Average Salaries of Instructional Staff in Public Schools, 2008–09 (Revised) ($) C-17. Average Salaries of Instructional Staff as Percentage of National Average, 2008–09 (Revised) C-18. Average Salaries of Instructional Staff in Public Schools, 2009–10 ($) C-19. Average Salaries of Instructional Staff, as Percentage of National Average, 2009–10 C-20. Percentage Change in Average Instructional Staff Salaries, 1999–2000 to 2009–10 (Current $) C-21. Percentage Change, Average Instructional Staff Salaries, 1999–2000 to 2009–10 (Constant $) C-22. Percentage Change, Average Instructional Staff Salaries, 2008–09 to 2009–10 (Current $)
Figure C. Annual Percentage Change in Teacher Salary, 2000–10 (Current $)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Year
Perc
ent
16 Rankings of the States 2010
1.N
ORT
H D
AKO
TA45
.02.
IOW
A36
.73.
WYO
MIN
G36
.64.
INDI
ANA
35.3
5.D
ELAW
ARE
33.6
6.KA
NSA
S32
.97.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
31.9
8.C
OLO
RAD
O30
.1U
TAH
30.1
10.
ARK
ANSA
S29
.811
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
29.5
12.
WIS
CO
NSI
N29
.313
.N
EW M
EXIC
O28
.714
.KE
NTU
CKY
28.5
15.
HAW
AII
27.9
MIN
NES
OT A
27.9
17.
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A27
.518
.VE
RMO
NT
27.2
1 9.
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA27
.120
.M
ICH
IGAN
26.9
21.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N26
.222
.A
LABA
MA
26.0
VIRG
INIA
26.0
24.
MA
RYLA
ND
25.5
25.
NEB
RASK
A25
.326
.O
REG
ON
24.9
27.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D24
.728
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A24
.129
.O
KLAH
OM
A23
.730
.LO
UIS
IAN
A22
.931
.A
RIZO
NA
22.7
32.
MIS
SOUR
I22
.5UN
ITED
STA
TES
22.0
33.
IDAH
O22
.034
.M
ON
TAN
A21
.235
.TE
XAS
21.1
36.
OH
IO21
.037
.C
ON
NEC
TICUT
20.5
38.
ILLIN
OIS
19.6
39.
ALA
SKA
19.4
40.
TEN
NES
SEE
18.6
41.
GEO
RGI A
18.4
MA
INE
18.4
43.
CA
LIFO
RNIA
18.0
PEN
NSY
LVA
NI A
18.0
45.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
17.3
46.
NEW
JERS
E Y16
.047
.FL
ORI
D A15
.848
.N
EW Y
ORK
15.1
49.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
14.3
50.
NEV
ADA
14.0
51.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A5.
3M
EDIA
N24
.9R A
NG
E39
.7SD
EV.
7.0
CV
28.6
U.S.
Cen
sus B
ureau
(201
0a).
C-3.
TOTA
L INS
TRUC
TIONA
L STA
FF (F
TE) I
N PU
BLIC
INST
ITUTIO
NSOF
HIG
HER
EDUC
ATIO
N, P
ER 1
0,000
POPU
LATIO
N, O
CT. 2
008
1.C
ALIF
ORN
IA66
,245
2.TE
XAS
51,3
273.
NEW
YO
RK29
,461
4.FL
ORI
DA28
,960
5.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
27,2
226.
MIC
HIG
AN26
,908
7.ILL
INO
IS25
,321
8.O
HI O
24,0
829.
INDI
ANA
22,4
9110
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A22
,397
11.
VIRG
INIA
20,2
2012
.G
EORG
IA17
,793
13.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N17
,184
14.
WIS
CO
NSI
N16
,507
15.
CO
LORA
DO
14,8
7416
.A
RIZO
NA
14,7
7017
.M
INN
ESO
T A14
,543
18.
MA
RYLA
ND
14,3
661 9
.N
EW JE
RSEY
13,9
0720
.M
ISSO
URI
13,3
2221
.KE
NTU
CKY
12,1
5822
.A
LABA
MA
12,1
2923
.TE
NN
ESSE
E11
,582
24.
IOW
A11
,034
25.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
10,7
9126
.LO
UIS
IAN
A10
,106
27.
ORE
GO
N9,
448
28.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
9,37
729
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S9,
275
30.
KAN
SAS
9 ,21
531
.O
KLAH
OM
A8,
621
32.
ARK
ANSA
S8 ,
513
33.
UTA
H8 ,
245
34.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T7,
189
35.
NEW
MEX
ICO
5,69
036
.W
EST
VIRG
INIA
4,90
837
.N
EBRA
SKA
4,50
538
.N
EVAD
A3,
629
39.
HAW
AII
3,59
040
.ID
AHO
3,35
141
.D
ELAW
ARE
2 ,93
242
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
T A2,
886
43.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D2,
597
44.
MA
INE
2,42
445
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E2 ,
276
46.
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A2,
213
47.
MO
NTA
NA
2 ,05
248
.W
YOM
ING
1 ,94
949
.VE
RMO
NT
1 ,68
950
.A
LASK
A1,
330
51.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A31
3UN
ITED
STA
TES
667,
917
U.S.
Cen
sus B
ureau
(201
0c).
C-2.
TOTA
L INS
TRUC
TIONA
L STA
FF (F
TE) I
N PU
BLIC
INST
ITUT
IONS
OF H
IGHE
R ED
UCAT
ION,
2008
1.TE
XAS
376,
995
2.C
ALIF
ORN
IA34
1,40
2*
3.N
EW Y
ORK
238,
815
4.FL
ORI
DA18
3,16
85.
ILLIN
OIS
156,
347
6.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
IA14
6,77
47.
NEW
JERS
E Y14
0,90
5*
8.O
HIO
137,
806
9.G
EORG
I A13
4,52
310
.VI
RGIN
I A12
5,64
7*
11.
MIC
HIG
AN12
0,39
2*
12.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A11
1,00
413
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S79
,287
14.
TEN
NES
SEE
76,8
14*
15.
MIS
SOUR
I76
,096
*16
.IN
DIAN
A70
,693
17.
MA
RYLA
ND
69,2
5118
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
64,9
031 9
.A
RIZO
NA
62,2
39*
20.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N60
,386
21.
LOU
ISIA
NA
58,6
0722
.M
INN
ESO
TA57
,417
*23
.C
OLO
RAD
O56
,878
24.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
56,6
1725
.A
LABA
MA
53,5
4926
.C
ON
NEC
TICU T
53,1
41*
27.
OKL
AHO
MA
50,2
5528
.KE
NTU
CKY
47,3
0729
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I40
,400
*30
.A
RKAN
SAS
40,2
87*
31.
KAN
SAS
40,0
1232
.IO
WA
39,6
9433
.O
REG
ON
33,7
1334
.U
TAH
29,5
8035
.N
EVAD
A28
,758
*36
.N
EBRA
SKA
26,2
5537
.N
EW M
EXIC
O25
,208
38.
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA22
,655
*39
.M
AIN
E19
,933
*40
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E19
,109
41.
IDAH
O17
,188
*42
.H
AWA
II14
,332
43.
MO
NTA
NA
12,0
2544
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
11,9
8045
.VE
RMO
NT
10,5
03*
46.
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA10
,140
47.
ALA
SKA
9,93
048
.D
ELAW
ARE
9 ,89
549
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
T A9,
015
50.
WYO
MIN
G8 ,
033
51.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A6,
763
*UN
ITED
STA
TES
3,69
2,62
7*
NEA
Res
earc
h, E
stima
tes D
atab
ase (
2010
). K–
12 =
"Elem
enta
ry a
nd
Seco
ndar
y" (s
ee T
echn
ical
Note
and
Glos
sary
).
C-1.
TOTA
L INS
TRUC
TIONA
L STA
FF IN
PUB
LIC K–
12SC
HOOL
S, 20
09–1
0
Series C – Faculty 17
1.U
TAH
22.4
2.C
ALIF
ORN
IA21
.4*
3.W
ASHI
NG
TON
19.3
4.A
RIZO
NA
18.9
*5.
ORE
GO
N18
.76.
NEV
ADA
18.5
*7.
IDAH
O18
.2*
8.M
ICH
IGAN
17.1
*O
HIO
17.1
10.
CO
LORA
DO
17.0
11.
INDI
ANA
16.7
12.
ALA
BAM
A16
.013
.FL
ORI
D A15
.914
.KE
NTU
CKY
15.8
15.
OKL
AHO
MA
15.5
16.
MIN
NES
OT A
15.4
*UN
ITED
STA
TES
15.3
*17
.H
AWA
II15
.21 8
.A
LASK
A14
.9ILL
INO
IS14
.9N
EW M
EXIC
O14
.921
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
14.8
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
14.8
WIS
CO
NSI
N14
.824
.TE
NN
ESSE
E14
. 7*
25.
TEXA
S14
.526
.D
ELAW
ARE
14.4
GEO
RGIA
14.4
28.
MA
RYLA
ND
14.3
WES
T VI
RGIN
I A14
.3*
30.
LOU
ISIA
NA
14.0
PEN
NSY
LVA
NI A
14.0
32.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
13.9
*33
.IO
WA
13.8
34.
KAN
SAS
13. 7
35.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
13.6
36.
MO
NTA
NA
13.4
NEB
RASK
A13
.4SO
UTH
DAK
OTA
13.4
39.
MIS
SOUR
I13
.3*
40.
CO
NN
ECTIC
UT13
.2*
41.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A13
.1*
42.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D13
.043
.A
RKAN
SAS
12. 7
*N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E12
.745
.W
YOM
ING
12.3
46.
NO
RTH
DAK
OT A
12.1
47.
NEW
JERS
E Y12
.0*
48.
NEW
YO
RK11
.8*
49.
VIRG
INIA
11.7
*50
.M
AIN
E11
.1*
51.
VERM
ON
T9.
8*
MED
IAN
14.4
R AN
GE
12.5
SDEV
.2.
5C
V16
.9
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
K–12
=
"Ele
menta
ry a
nd S
econ
dary
" (se
e G
lossa
ry).
C-6.
STUD
ENTS
ENRO
LLED
PER
TEAC
HER
IN P
UBLIC
K–1
2SC
HOOL
S, FA
LL 20
091.
TEXA
S33
3,10
32.
CA
LIFO
RNIA
291,
011
3.N
EW Y
ORK
226,
123
4.FL
ORI
DA16
6,05
55.
ILLI N
OIS
141,
596
6.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
IA12
6,82
87.
GEO
RGI A
115,
700
8.N
EW JE
RSE Y
114,
545
*9.
OH
IO11
0,62
810
.VI
RGIN
I A10
6,67
4*
11.
MIC
HIG
AN97
,798
*12
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
95,3
7713
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S70
,396
14.
MIS
SOUR
I67
,882
*15
.TE
NN
ESSE
E65
,049
*16
.IN
DIAN
A62
,515
17.
MA
RYLA
ND
59,1
4218
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
58,8
491 9
.A
RIZO
NA
56,9
44*
20.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N53
,611
21.
MIN
NES
OTA
52,7
3422
.LO
UIS
IAN
A49
,321
23.
CO
LORA
DO
48,9
6024
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A48
,257
25.
ALA
BAM
A46
,285
26.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T43
,196
*27
.O
KLAH
OM
A42
,355
28.
KEN
TUC
KY41
,288
29.
ARK
ANSA
S36
,153
*30
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I35
,568
*31
.IO
WA
35,4
8132
.KA
NSA
S34
,985
33.
ORE
GO
N29
,969
34.
UTA
H25
,167
35.
NEV
ADA
24,3
14*
36.
NEB
RASK
A22
,054
37.
NEW
MEX
ICO
21,9
0738
.W
EST
VIRG
INIA
19,7
96*
39.
MA
INE
17,0
85*
40.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
15,4
3641
.ID
AHO
15,4
24*
42.
HAW
AII
11,6
8243
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
11,1
3244
.M
ON
TAN
A10
,578
45.
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A9,
212
46.
VERM
ON
T8 ,
905
*47
.A
LASK
A8,
865
48.
DEL
AWAR
E8 ,
786
49.
NO
RTH
DAK
OT A
7,77
250
.W
YOM
ING
7 ,08
551
.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
5,79
1*
UN
ITED
STA
TES
3,21
5,37
1*
NEA
Res
earc
h, E
stima
tes D
atab
ase (
2010
). K–
12 =
"Elem
enta
ry a
nd
Seco
ndar
y" (s
ee G
lossa
ry).
C-5.
NUM
BER
OF TE
ACHE
RS IN
PUBL
IC K–
12SC
HOOL
S, 20
09–1
01.
NEW
MEX
ICO
86.2
2.N
ORT
H D
AKO
TA78
.33.
WYO
MIN
G70
.64.
IOW
A70
.25.
KAN
SAS
69.2
6.O
KLAH
OM
A61
.07.
NEB
RASK
A60
.68.
ALA
SKA
59.5
9.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I58
.110
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
56.7
11.
MIC
HIG
AN56
.512
.A
RKAN
SAS
55.9
13.
ALA
BAM
A55
.614
.D
ELAW
ARE
54.5
15.
VERM
ON
T54
.416
.M
ON
TAN
A53
.817
.U
TAH
53.4
18.
KEN
TUC
KY53
.21 9
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
52.6
20.
INDI
ANA
52.2
21.
ORE
GO
N49
.922
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
48.0
23.
CO
LORA
DO
47.0
24.
VIRG
INI A
46.0
25.
WES
T VI
RGIN
I A45
.426
.LO
UIS
IAN
A44
.427
.O
HI O
43.9
UN
ITED
STA
TES
42.6
28.
HAW
AII
42.4
TEXA
S42
.430
.C
ALIF
ORN
I A42
.231
.ILL
INO
IS41
.932
.M
INN
ESO
T A41
.6SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A41
.634
.M
ARY
LAN
D41
.435
.ID
AHO
40.5
36.
ARI
ZON
A40
.437
.M
AIN
E38
.638
.M
ISSO
URI
36.9
39.
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA36
.840
.G
EORG
IA36
.641
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A36
.342
.TE
NN
ESSE
E34
.943
.N
EW JE
RSEY
34.2
44.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
32.5
45.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T32
.446
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S32
.147
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
30.6
48.
FLO
RID A
30.4
49.
NEV
ADA
27.2
50.
NEW
YO
RK23
.451
.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
8.9
MED
IAN
44.4
R AN
GE
77.3
SDEV
.14
.2C
V30
.4
U.S.
Cen
sus B
ureau
(201
0a)
C-4.
TOTA
L NON
INST
RUCT
IONA
L STA
FF (F
TE) I
N PU
BLIC
INST
ITU-
TIONS
OF H
IGHE
R ED
. PER
10,
000 P
OPUL
ATIO
N, O
CT. 2
008
18 Rankings of the States 2010
1.
NEW
YO
RK69
,118
2.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S67
,572
3.C
ALIF
ORN
IA66
,995
4.C
ON
NEC
TICUT
63,1
52*
5.N
EW JE
RSEY
63,1
11*
6.M
ARY
LAN
D62
,849
7.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
62,5
57*
8.ILL
INO
IS61
,344
9.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
58,4
40*
10.
ALA
SKA
58,3
9511
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A57
,787
12.
MIC
HIG
AN57
,327
*13
.D
ELAW
ARE
56,6
6714
.H
AWA
II54
,964
15.
OH
I O54
,656
16.
WYO
MIN
G54
,602
UN
ITED
STA
TES
54,
274
*17
.O
REG
ON
54,0
851 8
.G
EORG
IA52
,879
19.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N52
,567
20.
MIN
NES
OTA
52,4
1421
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
51,1
2122
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E50
,128
23.
NEV
ADA
50,0
67*
24.
INDI
ANA
49,5
6925
.IO
WA
48,6
3826
.LO
UIS
IAN
A48
,627
27.
CO
LORA
DO
48,4
8528
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
48,4
5429
.VI
RGIN
I A48
,385
30.
VERM
ON
T47
,884
*31
.KE
NTU
CKY
47,8
7532
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A47
,421
33.
TEXA
S47
,157
34.
FLO
RIDA
46,9
2135
.A
LABA
MA
46,8
7936
.A
RIZO
NA
46,3
5837
.KA
NSA
S46
,237
38.
UTA
H45
,923
39.
NEW
MEX
ICO
45,7
5240
.A
RKAN
SAS
45,7
3841
.TE
NN
ESSE
E45
,549
42.
IDAH
O45
,178
43.
NEB
RASK
A44
,968
44.
MA
INE
44,7
31*
45.
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA44
,701
46.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
44,4
98*
47.
MO
NTA
NA
44,4
2648
.M
ISSO
URI
44,2
49*
49.
OKL
AHO
MA
43,8
4650
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
TA41
,654
51.
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A35
,070
MED
IAN
48,6
27RA
NG
E34
,048
SDEV
.7,
428
CV
14
NEA
Res
earc
h, E
stima
tes D
atab
ase (
2010
).
C-9.
AVE
RAGE
SALA
RIES
OF P
UBLIC
SCHO
OLTE
ACHE
RS, 2
008–
09 (R
EVISE
D) ($
)1.
KAN
SAS
33.1
*2.
ALA
SKA
31.5
3.O
REG
ON
30.8
4.IN
DIAN
A30
.55.
VER M
ON
T30
.2*
6.W
YOM
ING
29.7
7.M
INN
ESO
TA29
.5*
8.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
IA28
.8*
WAS
HIN
GTO
N28
.810
.C
ALIF
ORN
I A28
.0*
11.
IDAH
O27
.1*
12.
MA
INE
27.0
*13
.M
ON
TAN
A26
.914
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
26. 7
*15
.C
ON
NEC
TICUT
25.8
*16
.H
AWA
II25
.617
.IO
WA
25.4
NEW
MEX
ICO
25.4
NO
RTH
DAK
OTA
25.4
20.
CO
LORA
DO
25.1
OH
IO25
.122
.N
EBRA
SKA
24.8
23.
NEV
ADA
24.7
*24
.N
EW Y
ORK
24.5
25.
MIC
HIG
AN24
.3*
26.
NEW
JERS
EY24
.1*
UN
ITED
STA
TES
24.0
*27
.D
ELAW
ARE
23.8
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
23.8
29.
ARI
ZON
A23
.6*
UTA
H23
.631
.W
EST
VIRG
INI A
23.4
*32
.SO
UTH
DAK
OTA
23.3
33.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A23
.0*
TEXA
S23
.035
.ILL
INO
IS22
.7N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E22
.737
.M
ARY
LAN
D22
.438
.O
KLAH
OM
A22
.139
.A
LABA
MA
22.0
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D22
.0*
41.
MIS
SOUR
I21
.5*
42.
KEN
TUC
KY21
.443
.TE
NN
ESSE
E21
.3*
44.
FLO
RIDA
21.2
45.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A20
.146
.G
EORG
I A19
.847
.LO
UIS
IAN
A18
.4SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A18
.449
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I17
.9*
50.
VIRG
INIA
17.8
*51
.A
RKAN
SAS
16.0
*M
EDIA
N24
.1R A
NG
E17
.0SD
EV.
3.8
CV
15.5
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10 ).
C-8.
PERC
ENTA
GE O
F PUB
LIC SC
HOOL
TEAC
HERS
WHO
ARE
MEN
, 200
9–10
1.C
ALIF
ORN
IA20
.82.
NEV
ADA
18.6
*3.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N18
.24.
ARI
ZON
A18
.1*
5.U
TAH
17.6
*6.
IDAH
O17
.1*
7.O
REG
ON
16.7
8.C
OLO
RAD
O15
.8IN
DIAN
A15
.810
.M
ICH
IGAN
15. 7
*11
.A
LABA
MA
15.2
12.
FLO
RIDA
15.0
13.
KEN
TUC
KY14
.9O
HI O
14.9
*15
.M
INN
ESO
TA14
.6*
UN
ITED
STA
TES
14.5
*16
.O
KLAH
OM
A14
.417
.M
ARY
LAN
D14
.31 8
.H
AWA
II14
.019
.ILL
INO
IS13
.9*
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A13
.921
.G
EORG
IA13
.8N
EW M
EXIC
O13
.8SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A13
.8TE
NN
ESSE
E13
.8*
25.
WIS
CO
NSI
N13
.626
.N
EW Y
ORK
13.5
*TE
XAS
13.5
28.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
13.4
*29
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
IA13
.3*
30.
ALA
SKA
13.2
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T13
.2*
DEL
AWAR
E13
.2*
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA13
.2*
34.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A13
.1*
35.
KAN
SAS
13.0
LOU
ISIA
NA
13.0
37.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
12.8
38.
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA12
.6*
39.
IOW
A12
.4*
NEW
JERS
EY12
.4*
41.
MIS
SOUR
I12
.3*
42.
NEB
RASK
A12
.143
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E11
.9*
44.
WYO
MIN
G11
.445
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
11.2
*46
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
TA11
.147
.M
ON
TAN
A11
.0*
48.
VIRG
INIA
10.8
*49
.A
RKAN
SAS
10.3
*M
AIN
E10
.3*
51.
VERM
ON
T7.
9*
MED
IAN
13.5
R AN
GE
12.9
SDEV
.2.
4C
V17
.1
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
K–12
=
"Ele
menta
ry a
nd S
econ
dary
" (se
e G
lossa
ry).
C-7.
STUD
ENTS
IN A
DA P
ER TE
ACHE
R IN
PUB
LIC K
–12
SCHO
OLS,
2009
–10
Series C – Faculty 19
1.N
EW Y
ORK
129.
82.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
125.
53.
CA
LIFO
RNIA
123.
6*
4.N
EW JE
RSEY
118.
0*
5.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
116.
9*
6.C
ON
NEC
TICUT
116.
6*
7.M
ARY
LAN
D11
5.9
8.ILL
INO
IS11
2.5
9.A
LASK
A10
8.1
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D10
8.1
*11
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
IA10
7.2
12.
MIC
HIG
AN10
5.0
*13
.D
ELAW
ARE
103.
414
.O
HI O
101.
415
.W
YOM
ING
101.
2UN
ITED
STA
TES
100.0
*16
.O
REG
ON
100.
017
.H
AWA
II99
. 718
.G
EORG
IA96
.219
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
96.0
20.
MIN
NES
OTA
95.0
21.
NEV
ADA
93.3
*22
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E93
.223
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
92.9
24.
INDI
ANA
90.6
VIRG
INI A
90.6
*26
.IO
WA
89.9
27.
KEN
TUC
KY89
.728
.C
OLO
RAD
O89
.129
.VE
RMO
NT
88.9
*30
.LO
UIS
IAN
A88
.631
.TE
XAS
87.4
32.
OKL
AHO
MA
86.4
33.
ALA
BAM
A86
.234
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A86
.135
.A
RIZO
NA
85.1
*36
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
84.9
37.
ARK
ANSA
S84
.6FL
ORI
DA84
.639
.KA
NSA
S84
.540
.TE
NN
ESSE
E83
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41.
IDAH
O83
.8*
NEW
MEX
ICO
83.8
43.
NEB
RASK
A83
. 744
.M
AIN
E83
.5*
45.
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA83
.3*
46.
UTA
H83
.147
.M
ON
TAN
A82
.948
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I82
. 7*
49.
MIS
SOUR
I82
.1*
50.
NO
RTH
DAK
OTA
77.8
51.
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A70
.4M
EDIA
N89
.9R A
NG
E59
.4SD
EV.
13.6
CV
14.4
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
C-12
. AVE
RAGE
SALA
RIES
OF P
UBLIC
SCHO
OLTE
ACHE
RS A
S PER
CENT
AGE O
F NAT
IONA
L AVE
RAGE
, 200
9–10
1.N
EW Y
ORK
71,6
332.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
69,2
733.
CA
LIFO
RNIA
68,2
03*
4.N
EW JE
RSEY
65,1
30*
5.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
64,5
48*
6.C
ON
NEC
TICUT
64,3
50*
7.M
ARY
LAN
D63
,971
8.ILL
INO
IS62
,077
9.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
59,6
86*
10.
ALA
SKA
59,6
7211
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A59
,156
12.
MIC
HIG
AN57
,958
*13
.D
ELAW
ARE
57,0
8014
.O
HI O
55,9
5815
.W
YOM
ING
55,8
6116
.O
REG
ON
55,2
24UN
ITED
STA
TES
55,
202
*17
.H
AWA
II55
,063
1 8.
GEO
RGIA
53,1
1219
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
53,0
0320
.M
INN
ESO
TA52
,431
21.
NEV
ADA
51,5
24*
22.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
51,4
4323
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
51,2
6424
.VI
RGIN
I A50
,015
*25
.IN
DIAN
A49
,986
26.
IOW
A49
,626
27.
KEN
TUC
KY49
,543
28.
CO
LORA
DO
49,2
0229
.VE
RMO
NT
49,0
84*
30.
LOU
ISIA
NA
48,9
0331
.TE
XAS
48,2
6132
.O
KLAH
OM
A47
,691
33.
ALA
BAM
A47
,571
34.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
47,5
0835
.A
RIZO
NA
46,9
52*
36.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A46
,850
37.
FLO
RIDA
46,7
0838
.A
RKAN
SAS
46,7
0039
.KA
NSA
S46
,657
40.
TEN
NES
SEE
46,2
90*
41.
IDAH
O46
,283
*42
.N
EW M
EXIC
O46
,258
43.
NEB
RASK
A46
,227
44.
MA
INE
46,1
06*
45.
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA45
,959
*46
.U
TAH
45,8
8547
.M
ON
TAN
A45
,759
48.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
45,6
44*
49.
MIS
SOUR
I45
,317
*50
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
TA42
,964
51.
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A38
,837
MED
IAN
49,6
26R A
NG
E32
,796
SDEV
.7,
517
CV
14
NEA
Res
earc
h, E
stima
tes D
atab
ase (
2010
).
C-11
. AVE
RAGE
SALA
RIES
OF P
UBLIC
SCHO
OLTE
ACHE
RS, 2
009–
10 ($
)1.
NEW
YO
RK12
7.4
2.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S12
4.5
3.C
ALIF
ORN
IA12
3.4
4.C
ON
NEC
TICUT
116.
4*
5.N
EW JE
RSEY
116.
3*
6.M
ARY
LAN
D11
5.8
7.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
115.
3*
8.ILL
INO
IS11
3.0
9.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
107.
7*
10.
ALA
SKA
107.
611
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A10
6.5
12.
MIC
HIG
AN10
5.6
*13
.D
ELAW
ARE
104.
414
.H
AWA
II10
1.3
15.
OH
I O10
0.7
16.
WYO
MIN
G10
0.6
UN
ITED
STA
TES
100.0
*17
.O
REG
ON
99.7
18.
GEO
RGIA
97.4
19.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N96
.920
.M
INN
ESO
TA96
.621
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
94.2
22.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
92.4
23.
NEV
ADA
92.2
*24
.IN
DIAN
A91
.325
.IO
WA
89.6
LOU
ISIA
NA
89.6
27.
CO
LORA
DO
89.3
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A89
.329
.VI
RGIN
IA89
.130
.KE
NTU
CKY
88.2
VERM
ON
T88
.2*
32.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
87.4
33.
TEXA
S86
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.FL
ORI
D A86
.535
.A
LABA
MA
86.4
36.
ARI
ZON
A85
.437
.KA
NSA
S85
.238
.U
TAH
84.6
39.
ARK
ANSA
S84
.3N
EW M
EXIC
O84
.341
.TE
NN
ESSE
E83
.942
.ID
AHO
83.2
43.
NEB
RASK
A82
.944
.M
AIN
E82
.4*
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA82
.446
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I82
.0*
47.
MO
NTA
NA
81.9
48.
MIS
SOUR
I81
.5*
49.
OKL
AHO
MA
80.8
50.
NO
RTH
DAK
OTA
76.7
51.
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA64
.6M
EDIA
N89
.6R A
NG
E62
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EV.
13.7
CV
14.5
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
C-10
. AVE
RAGE
SAL
ARIES
OF P
UBLIC
SCHO
OL TE
ACHE
RSAS
PER
CENT
AGE O
F NAT
IONA
L AVE
RAGE
, 200
8–09
(REV
ISED
)
20 Rankings of the States 2010
1.SO
UTH
DAK
OTA
10.7
2.O
KLAH
OM
A8.
83.
NEW
YO
RK3.
64.
KEN
TUC
KY3.
55.
VIR G
INIA
3.4
*6.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A3.
2*
NEW
JERS
EY3.
2*
8.M
AIN
E3.
1*
NO
RTH
DAK
OTA
3.1
10.
MO
NTA
NA
3.0
11.
NEV
ADA
2.9
*12
.N
EBRA
SKA
2.8
WES
T VI
RGIN
I A2.
8*
14.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
2.6
*N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E2.
616
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S2.
5VE
RMO
NT
2.5
*18
.ID
AHO
2.4
*M
ISSO
URI
2.4
*O
HIO
2.4
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
2.4
22.
TEXA
S2.
3W
YOM
ING
2.3
24.
ALA
SKA
2.2
25.
ARK
ANSA
S2.
1O
REG
ON
2.1
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D2.
1*
28.
IOW
A2.
029
.C
ON
NEC
TICU T
1.9
*30
.C
ALIF
ORN
IA1.
8*
MA
RYLA
ND
1.8
UN
ITED
STA
TES
1.7
*32
.TE
NN
ESSE
E1.
6*
33.
ALA
BAM
A1.
5C
OLO
RAD
O1.
535
.A
RIZO
NA
1.3
*36
.ILL
INO
IS1.
237
.M
ICH
IGAN
1.1
*N
EW M
EXIC
O1.
139
.KA
NSA
S0.
940
.IN
DIAN
A0.
8W
ASHI
NG
TON
0.8
42.
DEL
AWAR
E0.
743
.LO
UIS
IAN
A0.
644
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EORG
IA0.
445
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
0.3
46.
HAW
AII
0.2
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
0.2
48.
MIN
NES
OT A
0.0
49.
UTA
H–0
.150
.FL
ORI
DA–0
.551
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
–3.3
MED
IAN
2.1
R AN
GE
14.1
SDEV
.2.
0C
V98
.3
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
C-15
. PER
CENT
AGE C
HANG
E IN
AVER
AGE S
ALAR
IES O
F PUB
LICSC
HOOL
TEAC
HERS
, 200
8–09
TO 20
09–1
0 (CU
RREN
T $)
1.W
YOM
ING
28.3
2.O
KLAH
OM
A19
.53.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
16.6
4.LO
UIS
IAN
A15
.85.
MA
RYLA
ND
13.9
6.N
ORT
H D
AKO
TA12
.87.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
12.3
*8.
CA
LIFO
RNIA
12.2
*9.
MO
NTA
NA
11.7
10.
NEW
MEX
ICO
11.4
11.
NEW
YO
RK10
.112
.A
RKAN
SAS
9.7
13.
IOW
A9.
1N
EBRA
SKA
9.1
15.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A7.
5*
16.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
6.9
17.
KEN
TUC
KY6.
818
.H
AWA
II6.
41 9
.O
HIO
5.9
20.
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA4.
821
.ILL
INO
IS4.
722
.KA
NSA
S4.
623
.M
ISSO
URI
3.9
*UN
ITED
STA
TES
3.5
*24
.M
INN
ESO
T A3.
325
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A3.
226
.U
TAH
3.0
27.
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA2.
9*
28.
NEV
ADA
2.6
*29
.O
REG
ON
2.3
30.
IDAH
O2.
1*
31.
VERM
ON
T1.
9*
32.
ALA
BAM
A1.
7M
AIN
E1.
7*
34.
GEO
RGIA
1.5
35.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N1.
336
.VI
RGIN
IA1.
2*
37.
CO
LORA
DO
1.1
38.
ALA
SKA
0.7
DEL
AWAR
E0.
7TE
XAS
0.7
41.
TEN
NES
SEE
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*42
.A
RIZO
NA
–0.2
*43
.FL
ORI
DA–0
.344
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
–0.5
*45
.N
EW JE
RSEY
–1.8
*46
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
–2.3
47.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T–2
.6*
48.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
–4.0
49.
INDI
ANA
–6.3
50.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A–6
.851
.M
ICH
IGAN
–7.3
*M
EDIA
N3.
0R A
NG
E35
.7SD
EV.
6.9
CV
144.
6
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
C-14
. PER
CENT
AGE C
HANG
E IN
AVER
AGE S
ALAR
IES O
F PUB
LICSC
HOOL
TEAC
HERS
1999
–200
0 TO
2009
–10 (
CONS
TANT
$)1.
WYO
MIN
G63
.72.
OKL
AHO
MA
52.4
3.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S48
.74.
LOU
ISIA
NA
47.7
5.M
ARY
LAN
D45
.26.
NO
RTH
DAK
OTA
43.9
7.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I43
.3*
8.C
ALIF
ORN
IA43
.0*
9.M
ON
TAN
A42
.510
.N
EW M
EXIC
O42
.111
.N
EW Y
ORK
40.4
12.
ARK
ANSA
S39
.913
.IO
WA
39.1
NEB
RASK
A39
.115
.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
37.1
*16
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E36
.317
.KE
NTU
CKY
36.2
18.
HAW
AII
35. 7
19.
OH
IO35
.120
.SO
UTH
DAK
OTA
33.6
21.
ILLIN
OIS
33.5
22.
KAN
SAS
33.4
23.
MIS
SOUR
I32
.5*
UN
ITED
STA
TES
32.0
*24
.M
INN
ESO
T A31
.7SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A31
.726
.U
TAH
31.3
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA31
.3*
28.
NEV
ADA
30.8
*29
.O
REG
ON
30.4
30.
IDAH
O30
.2*
31.
VERM
ON
T30
.0*
32.
ALA
BAM
A29
.7M
AIN
E29
.7*
34.
GEO
RGIA
29.5
35.
VIRG
INIA
29.1
*W
ASHI
NG
TON
29.1
37.
CO
LORA
DO
28.9
38.
DEL
AWAR
E28
.5TE
X AS
28.5
40.
ALA
SKA
28.4
41.
TEN
NES
SEE
27.4
*42
.A
RIZO
NA
27.2
*FL
ORI
DA27
.244
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
26.9
*45
.N
EW JE
RSEY
25.2
*46
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
24.6
47.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T24
.3*
48.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
22.4
49.
INDI
ANA
19.4
50.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A18
.951
.M
ICH
IGAN
18.2
*M
EDIA
N31
.3R A
NG
E45
.5SD
EV.
8.8
CV
26.2
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
C-13
. PE
RCEN
TAGE
CHA
NGE I
N AV
ERAG
E SAL
ARIES
OF P
UBLIC
SCHO
OL TE
ACHE
RS, 1
999–
2000
TO 20
09–1
0 (CU
RREN
T $)
Series C – Faculty 21
1.N
EW Y
ORK
73,1
482.
ALA
SKA
69,8
643.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
69,2
734.
NEW
JERS
EY68
,908
*5.
CO
NN
ECTIC
UT68
,412
*6.
CA
LIFO
RNIA
68,2
03*
7.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
65,6
45*
8.M
ICH
IGAN
65,2
85*
9.M
ARY
LAN
D64
,990
10.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D64
,121
*11
.ILL
INO
IS62
,492
12.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
60,9
7313
.D
ELAW
ARE
59,8
5114
.O
HI O
58,5
8015
.W
YOM
ING
58,0
5016
.O
REG
ON
57,7
05UN
ITED
STA
TES
57,
146
*17
.M
INN
ESO
T A56
,474
*18
.H
AWA
II56
,241
1 9.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N55
,913
20.
GEO
RGIA
55,7
4121
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
55,1
9322
.VE
RMO
NT
55,0
53*
23.
INDI
ANA
53,4
4324
.N
EVAD
A52
,538
*25
.C
OLO
RAD
O51
,537
26.
VIRG
INIA
51,5
04*
27.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
51,4
4328
.IO
WA
51,4
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.TE
XAS
51,1
6530
.LO
UIS
IAN
A51
,143
31.
KEN
TUC
KY50
,282
32.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
49,8
8833
.A
LABA
MA
49,4
2334
.O
KLAH
OM
A48
,941
35.
NEW
MEX
ICO
48,6
4736
.A
RKAN
SAS
48,4
0037
.ID
AHO
48,2
55*
38.
TEN
NES
SEE
48,1
26*
39.
FLO
RIDA
48,0
7040
.U
TAH
47,8
84*
41.
KAN
SAS
47,7
1542
.W
EST
VIRG
INIA
47,6
98*
43.
MIS
SOUR
I47
,445
*44
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
46,8
5045
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I46
,694
*46
.N
EBRA
SKA
46,2
2747
.M
AIN
E46
,106
*48
.A
RIZO
NA
46,0
63*
49.
MO
NTA
NA
45,7
5950
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
TA44
,478
51.
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A40
,315
MED
IAN
51,5
04R A
NG
E32
,833
SDEV
.8,
081
CV
15
NEA
Res
earc
h, E
stima
tes D
atab
ase (
2010
).
C-18
. AVE
RAGE
SALA
RIES
OF I
NSTR
UCTIO
NAL S
TAFF
IN PU
BLIC
SCHO
OLS,
2009
–10 (
$)1.
NEW
YO
RK12
5.4
2.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S12
0.0
3.A
LASK
A11
9.3
4.C
ALIF
ORN
IA11
9.0
*5.
CO
NN
ECTIC
UT11
8.8
6.N
EW JE
RSEY
118.
7*
7.M
ARY
LAN
D11
3.5
8.M
ICH
IGAN
112.
8*
9.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
111.
0*
10.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A11
0.9
*11
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HIO
109.
812
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INO
IS10
8.9
13.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
105.
814
.D
ELAW
ARE
105.
415
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YOM
ING
100.
716
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REG
ON
100.
417
.H
AWA
II10
0.1
UN
ITED
STA
TES
100.0
*1 8
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
98.8
19.
GEO
RGIA
98.6
20.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N98
.521
.M
INN
ESO
TA97
.5*
22.
VERM
ON
T94
.4*
23.
INDI
ANA
93.1
24.
KEN
TUC
KY91
.625
.C
OLO
RAD
O90
.2LO
UIS
IAN
A90
.227
.IO
WA
89.4
28.
VIRG
INI A
89.2
29.
NEV
ADA
89.1
*30
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E89
.031
.TE
XAS
88.8
32.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
88.5
33.
ALA
BAM
A87
.434
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
86.0
35.
FLO
RIDA
85.8
36.
NEW
MEX
ICO
84.6
37.
ARK
ANSA
S84
.2TE
NN
ESSE
E84
.239
.KA
NSA
S84
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.ID
AHO
83.7
41.
UTA
H82
.9*
42.
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA82
.743
.M
ISSO
URI
82.1
*44
.A
RIZO
NA
81.6
45.
OKL
AHO
MA
81.0
46.
NEB
RASK
A79
.947
.M
AIN
E79
.4*
48.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
78.9
*M
ON
TAN
A78
.950
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
TA76
.551
.SO
UTH
DAK
OT A
69.9
MED
IAN
90.2
R AN
GE
55.5
SDEV
.13
.9C
V14
.7
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
C-17
. AVE
RAGE
SALA
RIES
OF I
NSTR
UCTIO
NAL S
TAFF
AS
PERC
ENTA
GE O
F NAT
IONA
L AVE
RAGE
2008
–09 (
REVI
SED)
1.N
EW Y
ORK
70,6
382.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
67,5
723.
ALA
SKA
67,1
764.
CA
LIFO
RNIA
66,9
95*
5.C
ON
NEC
TICUT
66,8
786.
NEW
JERS
EY66
,852
*7.
MA
RYLA
ND
63,9
058.
MIC
HIG
AN63
,543
*9.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D62
,508
*10
.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
62,4
51*
11.
OH
IO61
,858
12.
ILLIN
OIS
61,3
4413
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A59
,595
14.
DEL
AWAR
E59
,346
15.
WYO
MIN
G56
,715
16.
ORE
GO
N56
,515
17.
HAW
AII
56,3
63UN
ITED
STA
TES
56,
314
*1 8
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
55,6
3319
.G
EORG
IA55
,526
20.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N55
,474
21.
MIN
NES
OTA
54,9
02*
22.
VERM
ON
T53
,171
*23
.IN
DIAN
A52
,415
24.
KEN
TUC
KY51
,561
25.
LOU
ISIA
NA
50,7
9926
.C
OLO
RAD
O50
,776
27.
IOW
A50
,343
28.
VIRG
INI A
50,2
3729
.N
EVAD
A50
,201
*30
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E50
,128
31.
TEXA
S50
,021
32.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
49,8
4933
.A
LABA
MA
49,2
3134
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
48,4
5435
.FL
ORI
DA48
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36.
NEW
MEX
ICO
47,6
5537
.A
RKAN
SAS
47,4
2838
.TE
NN
ESSE
E47
,399
39.
KAN
SAS
47,2
9940
.ID
AHO
47,1
1841
.U
TAH
46,6
66*
42.
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA46
,574
43.
MIS
SOUR
I46
,247
*44
.A
RIZO
NA
45,9
7745
.O
KLAH
OM
A45
,615
46.
NEB
RASK
A44
,968
47.
MA
INE
44,7
31*
48.
MO
NTA
NA
44,4
2649
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I44
,415
*50
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
TA43
,103
51.
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A39
,364
MED
IAN
50,7
76R A
NG
E31
,274
SDEV
.7,
833
CV
15
NEA
Res
earc
h, E
stima
tes D
atab
ase (
2010
).
C-16
. AVE
RAGE
SALA
RIES
OF I
NSTR
UCTIO
NAL S
TAFF
INPU
BLIC
SCHO
OLS,
2008
–09
(REV
ISED)
($)
22 Rankings of the States 2010
1.W
YOM
ING
64.3
2.O
KLAH
OM
A50
.23.
NO
RTH
DAK
OTA
47.7
4.LO
UIS
IAN
A47
.55.
ALA
SKA
46.3
6.VE
RMO
NT
42.0
*7.
MA
RYLA
ND
41.9
8.N
EW Y
ORK
41.4
9.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I40
.9*
10.
IOW
A39
.011
.C
ALIF
ORN
I A38
.5*
12.
ARK
ANSA
S38
.213
.M
INN
ESO
T A37
.6*
14.
OH
IO37
.015
.O
REG
ON
35.4
16.
MO
NTA
NA
35.3
17.
HAW
AII
34.2
18.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A33
.6*
19.
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA33
.220
.M
ICH
IGAN
33.1
*21
.KA
NSA
S32
.822
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
32.7
*23
.U
TAH
32.3
*24
.M
ISSO
URI
31.8
*SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A31
.826
.W
EST
VIRG
INI A
31.6
*27
.KE
NTU
CKY
31.5
28.
IDAH
O31
.0*
UN
ITED
STA
TES
30.4
*29
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
29.8
30.
VIRG
INI A
29.7
*31
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OLO
RAD
O29
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EORG
I A29
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.ILL
INO
IS29
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.A
LABA
MA
29.0
35.
TEXA
S28
.536
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ELAW
ARE
28.3
37.
NEB
RASK
A27
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38.
TEN
NES
SEE
27.4
*39
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ON
NEC
TICUT
27.3
*40
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ORI
DA26
.841
.N
EVAD
A26
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42.
NEW
JERS
EY25
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43.
WIS
CO
NSI
N25
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DIAN
A24
.145
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A23
.146
.M
AIN
E18
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NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A18
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.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S15
.449
.N
EW M
EXIC
O15
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50.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
14.8
*51
.A
RIZO
NA
–2.3
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EDIA
N31
.6R A
NG
E66
.7SD
EV.
10.4
CV
32.9
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
C-20
. PER
CENT
AGE C
HANG
E IN
AVER
AGE I
NSTR
UCTIO
NAL S
TAFF
SALA
RIES
, 199
9–20
00 TO
2009
–10 (
CURR
ENT $
)1.
NEW
YO
RK12
8.0
2.A
LASK
A12
2.3
3.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S12
1.2
4.N
EW JE
RSEY
120.
6*
5.C
ON
NEC
TICUT
119.
7*
6.C
ALIF
ORN
IA11
9.3
*7.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A11
4.9
*8.
MIC
HIG
AN11
4.2
*9.
MA
RYLA
ND
113.
710
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
112.
2*
11.
ILLIN
OIS
109.
412
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
IA10
6.7
13.
DEL
AWAR
E10
4.7
14.
OH
IO10
2.5
15.
WYO
MIN
G10
1.6
16.
ORE
GO
N10
1.0
UN
ITED
STA
TES
100.0
*17
.M
INN
ESO
T A98
.8*
18.
HAW
AII
98.4
19.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N97
.820
.G
EORG
IA97
.521
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
96.6
22.
VERM
ON
T96
.3*
23.
INDI
ANA
93.5
24.
NEV
ADA
91.9
*25
.C
OLO
RAD
O90
.226
.VI
RGIN
I A90
.1*
27.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
90.0
28.
IOW
A89
.929
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UIS
IAN
A89
.5TE
XAS
89.5
31.
KEN
TUC
KY88
.032
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A87
.333
.A
LABA
MA
86.5
34.
OKL
AHO
MA
85.6
35.
NEW
MEX
ICO
85.1
36.
ARK
ANSA
S84
.737
.ID
AHO
84.4
*38
.TE
NN
ESSE
E84
.2*
39.
FLO
RIDA
84.1
40.
UTA
H83
.8*
41.
KAN
SAS
83.5
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA83
.5*
43.
MIS
SOUR
I83
.0*
44.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A82
.045
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I81
. 7*
46.
NEB
RASK
A80
.947
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AIN
E80
. 7*
48.
ARI
ZON
A80
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49.
MO
NTA
NA
80.1
50.
NO
RTH
DAK
OTA
77.8
51.
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A70
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EDIA
N90
.1R A
NG
E57
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EV.
14.1
CV
14.8
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
C-19
. AVE
RAGE
SALA
RIES
OF I
NSTR
UCTIO
NAL S
TAFF
AS A
PERC
ENTA
GE O
F NAT
IONA
L AVE
RAGE
, 200
9–10
1.W
YOM
ING
28.8
2.O
KLAH
OM
A17
.83.
NO
RTH
DAK
OTA
15.8
4.LO
UIS
IAN
A15
.75.
ALA
SKA
14.7
6.VE
RMO
NT
11.3
*7.
MA
RYLA
ND
11.2
8.N
EW Y
ORK
10.9
9.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I10
.5*
10.
IOW
A9.
011
.C
ALIF
ORN
I A8.
6*
12.
ARK
ANSA
S8.
413
.M
INN
ESO
T A7.
9*
14.
OH
IO7.
415
.O
REG
ON
6.2
16.
MO
NTA
NA
6.1
17.
HAW
AII
5.2
18.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A4.
7*
19.
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA4.
520
.M
ICH
IGAN
4.4
*21
.KA
NSA
S4.
222
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
4.1
*23
.U
TAH
3.8
*24
.M
ISSO
URI
3.4
*25
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A3.
326
.W
EST
VIRG
INI A
3.2
*27
.KE
NTU
CKY
3.1
28.
IDAH
O2.
8*
UN
ITED
STA
TES
2.2
*29
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
1.8
30.
VIRG
INI A
1.7
*31
.C
OLO
RAD
O1.
632
.G
EORG
I A1.
533
.ILL
INO
IS1.
334
.A
LABA
MA
1.1
35.
TEXA
S0.
836
.D
ELAW
ARE
0.6
37.
NEB
RASK
A0.
0*
38.
TEN
NES
SEE
–0.1
*39
.C
ON
NEC
TICUT
–0.2
*40
.FL
ORI
DA–0
.541
.N
EVAD
A–0
.9*
42.
NEW
JERS
EY–1
.7*
43.
WIS
CO
NSI
N–1
.944
.IN
DIAN
A–2
.745
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
IA–3
.546
.M
AIN
E–6
.7*
47.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A–6
.848
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S–9
.549
.N
EW M
EXIC
O–9
.9*
50.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
–10.
0*
51.
ARI
ZON
A–2
3.4
*M
EDIA
N3.
2R A
NG
E52
.3SD
EV.
8.2
CV
246.
8
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
C-21
. PER
CENT
AGE C
HANG
E IN
AVER
AGE I
NSTR
UCTIO
NAL S
TAFF
SALA
RIES
, 199
9–20
00 TO
2009
–10 (
CONS
TANT
$)
Series C – Faculty 23 1.
OKL
AHO
MA
7.3
2.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
5.1
*M
ISSI
SSIPP
I5.
1*
4.N
EVAD
A4.
7*
5.A
LASK
A4.
06.
NEW
YO
RK3.
67.
VERM
ON
T3.
5*
8.N
ORT
H D
AKO
TA3.
29.
MA
INE
3.1
*N
EW JE
RSEY
3.1
*11
.M
ON
TAN
A3.
012
.M
INN
ESO
TA2.
9*
13.
NEB
RASK
A2.
814
.M
ICH
IGAN
2.7
*15
.M
ISSO
URI
2.6
*N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E2.
6RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
2.6
*U
TAH
2.6
*19
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S2.
5VI
R GIN
IA2.
5*
21.
IDAH
O2.
4*
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA2.
4W
EST
VIRG
INIA
2.4
*W
YOM
ING
2.4
25.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T2.
3*
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
2.3
TEXA
S2.
328
.IO
WA
2.1
NEW
MEX
ICO
2.1
ORE
GO
N2.
131
.A
RKAN
SAS
2.0
INDI
ANA
2.0
33.
ILLIN
OIS
1.9
34.
CA
LIFO
RNI A
1.8
*35
.M
ARY
LAN
D1.
7UN
ITED
STA
TES
1.5
*36
.C
OLO
RAD
O1.
5TE
NN
ESSE
E1.
5*
38.
DEL
AWAR
E0.
9KA
NSA
S0.
940
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
0.8
41.
LOU
ISIA
NA
0.7
42.
ALA
BAM
A0.
4G
EORG
IA0.
444
.A
RIZO
NA
0.2
*45
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A0.
146
.H
AWA
II–0
.247
.FL
ORI
D A–0
.548
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
–0.8
49.
KEN
TUC
KY–2
.550
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
–3.3
51.
OH
I O–5
.3M
EDIA
N2.
3R A
NG
E12
.6SD
EV.
2.1
CV
108.
9
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
C-22
. PER
CENT
AGE C
HANG
E IN
AVER
AGE I
NSTR
UCTIO
NAL S
TAFF
SALA
RIES
, 200
8–09
TO 20
09–1
0 (CU
RREN
T $)
24
Series D—General Financial Resources
he term total personal income measures the overall economic activity within a specific geo-graphic area. It is the aggregate income from all
sources received by persons residing in a state, and it has a significant effect on the total income or financial re-sources available to governmental jurisdictions through taxation. In turn, the amount of total personal income available affects the prospects for financing public edu-cation and other government services. A state’s personal income is used throughout the tables in this report to gauge the ability and effort of states to generate funds for public programs, and it is considered by some to present a better method of comparison than the use of per capita computations. Tables D-1 and D-2 compare states on their total per-sonal income and the percentage gain in each state. Per capita personal income provides more detail about the relative financial well-being of individuals within each state through the use of statewide population as a com-mon denominator and is featured in Tables D-3 through D-6.
Tables D-7 and D-8 compare the states on a measure of personal income geared more closely to the consumers of public education services—the number of students as measured in fall enrollment and average daily atten-dance, respectively. Table D-9 shows the relative sig-nificance of government activity as it contributes to total personal income by measuring personal income from government and government enterprises as a percentage of the total. Income from farming activities is compared by state in Table D-10. Figure D shows the percentage change in per capita per-sonal income for the years 1998 through 2008. To a large extent, personal income drives state tax systems. Sales and income tax collections respond rapidly to its changes. It is therefore a key indicator to watch in edu-cation finance planning (Table D-5).
Figure D. Annual Percentage Change in Per Capita Personal Income, 1998–2008 Tables D-1 to D-10 D-1. Total Personal Income, 2008 ($ millions) D-2. Percentage Change in Total Personal Income, 2007 to 2008 D-3. Per Capita Personal Income, 2008 ($) D-4. Per Capita Personal Income as Percentage of National Average, 2008 D-5. Percentage Change in per Capita Personal Income, 2007 to 2008 D-6. Percentage Change in per Capita Personal Income, 1998 to 2008 D-7. Personal Income per Student in Fall Enrollment, 2008 ($) D-8. Personal Income per Student in Average Daily Attendance, 2008 ($) D-9. Personal Income from Government and Government Enterprises (Federal, State, and Local) as
Percentage of Total Personal Income, 2008 D-10. Gross Farm Income per Capita, 2008 ($)
T
Series D – General Financial Resources 25
Figure D. Annual Percentage Change in per Capita Personal Income, 1998–2008
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Year
Perc
ent
26 Rankings of the States 2010
1.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
68,3
812.
CO
NN
ECTIC
UT57
,248
3.N
EW JE
RSEY
51,5
834.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
51,0
285.
WYO
MIN
G50
,588
6.M
ARY
LAN
D48
,410
7.N
EW Y
ORK
48,1
078.
VIRG
INIA
44,7
569.
ALA
SKA
44,3
9510
.C
ALIF
ORN
I A44
,038
11.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N43
,732
12.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
43,5
8713
.C
OLO
RAD
O43
,509
14.
MIN
NES
OT A
43,2
3815
.ILL
INO
IS43
,154
16.
HAW
AII
42,4
1817
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
41,7
3818
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
T A41
,493
1 9.
DEL
AWAR
E40
,806
UN
ITED
STA
TES
40,
673
20.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
40,4
1821
.KA
NSA
S40
,134
22.
NEB
RASK
A40
,116
23.
NEV
ADA
40,0
7624
.FL
ORI
D A40
,054
25.
TEXA
S39
,806
26.
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A39
,248
27.
VERM
ON
T39
,236
28.
IOW
A38
,222
29.
LOU
ISIA
NA
38,0
8630
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
37,9
1631
.O
KLAH
OM
A36
,917
32.
ORE
GO
N36
,798
33.
MIS
SOUR
I36
,766
34.
MA
INE
36,5
2435
.O
HIO
36,1
1336
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
35,5
3337
.M
ICH
IGAN
35,3
2138
.M
ON
TAN
A35
,237
39.
GEO
RGIA
35,2
1740
.TE
NN
ESSE
E35
,098
41.
INDI
ANA
34,9
3942
.A
RIZO
NA
34,5
0043
.A
LABA
MA
33,9
0044
.N
EW M
EXIC
O33
,584
45.
IDAH
O32
,979
46.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
32,9
4747
.A
RKAN
SAS
32,6
9548
.U
TAH
32,5
9649
.KE
NTU
CKY
32,3
6850
.W
EST
VIRG
INIA
31,5
1351
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I30
,730
MED
IAN
39,2
48R A
NG
E37
,651
SDEV
.7,
035
CV
18
Bure
au o
f Eco
nomi
c Ana
lysis
(20
10).
D-3.
PER
CAPIT
A PE
RSON
AL IN
COM
E,20
08 ($
)1.
NO
RTH
DAK
OTA
15.6
2.A
LASK
A12
.03.
UTA
H11
.74.
NEB
RASK
A11
.15.
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA11
.06.
KAN
SAS
10.7
7.N
EW M
EXIC
O10
.68.
LOU
ISIA
NA
10.4
9.IO
WA
9.9
10.
ARK
ANSA
S9.
8D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
9.8
12.
MIS
SOUR
I9.
713
.W
YOM
ING
9.5
14.
TEXA
S9.
415
.H
AWA
II9.
016
.VI
RGIN
I A8.
617
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I8.
418
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A8.
31 9
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
8.1
20.
MA
INE
7.8
21.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A7.
722
.C
OLO
RAD
O7.
623
.A
RIZO
NA
7.5
WES
T VI
RGIN
I A7.
525
.M
ON
TAN
A7.
326
.G
EORG
I A7.
127
.TE
NN
ESSE
E6.
728
.O
KLAH
OM
A6.
5UN
ITED
STA
TES
6.4
29.
KEN
TUC
KY6.
330
.M
INN
ESO
T A6.
231
.IN
DIAN
A6.
132
.O
REG
ON
6.0
33.
CA
LIFO
RNI A
5.9
IDAH
O5.
935
.A
LABA
MA
5.7
36.
FLO
RIDA
5.5
37.
ILLIN
OIS
5.4
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
5.4
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
5.4
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
5.4
41.
OH
I O5.
242
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
5.1
43.
MA
RYLA
ND
4.9
44.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D4.
845
.VE
RMO
NT
4.7
46.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T4.
547
.N
EW JE
RSE Y
4.3
48.
NEW
YO
RK4.
049
.D
ELAW
ARE
3.4
50.
NEV
ADA
3.0
51.
MIC
HIG
AN2.
1M
EDIA
N7.
1R A
NG
E13
.5SD
EV.
2.7
CV
36.5
Com
pute
d fro
m Bu
reau
of E
cono
mic
Anal
ysis
(201
0).
D-2.
PERC
ENTA
GE CH
ANGE
IN TO
TAL P
ERSO
NAL I
NCOM
E,20
07–0
81.
CA
LIFO
RNIA
1,61
0,93
22.
TEXA
S96
7,44
93.
NEW
YO
RK93
6,52
84.
FLO
RIDA
737,
950
5.ILL
INO
IS55
4,22
36.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
507,
908
7.N
EW JE
RSE Y
446,
884
8.O
HI O
416,
311
9.M
ICH
IGAN
353 ,
296
10.
VIRG
INI A
348,
894
11.
GEO
RGI A
341,
530
12.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
333,
906
13.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A32
8 ,57
814
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
287,
148
15.
MA
RYLA
ND
273 ,
934
16.
MIN
NES
OT A
226,
159
17.
ARI
ZON
A22
4,23
018
.IN
DIAN
A22
3,20
41 9
.TE
NN
ESSE
E21
9,02
520
.M
ISSO
URI
218,
993
21.
CO
LORA
DO
214,
727
22.
WIS
CO
NSI
N21
3,37
923
.C
ON
NEC
TICUT
200,
536
24.
LOU
ISIA
NA
169 ,
541
25.
ALA
BAM
A15
8 ,56
826
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A14
8 ,37
027
.O
REG
ON
139,
205
28.
KEN
TUC
KY13
8,79
129
.O
KLAH
OM
A13
4,52
830
.IO
WA
114,
436
31.
KAN
SAS
112 ,
271
32.
NEV
ADA
104,
829
33.
ARK
ANSA
S93
,762
34.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
90,3
5435
.U
TAH
88,9
0136
.N
EBRA
SKA
71,4
8537
.N
EW M
EXIC
O66
,724
38.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
57,6
1739
.W
EST
VIRG
INIA
57,1
9340
.H
AWA
II54
,612
41.
IDAH
O50
,376
42.
MA
INE
48,2
0043
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
43,9
7144
.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
40,3
5045
.D
ELAW
ARE
35,7
5546
.M
ON
TAN
A34
,111
47.
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A31
,576
48.
ALA
SKA
30,5
5049
.W
YOM
ING
26,9
6350
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
T A26
,615
51.
VERM
ON
T24
,368
UN
ITED
STA
TES
12,
379,
745
Bure
au o
f Eco
nomi
c Ana
lysis
(20
10).
D-1.
TOTA
L PER
SONA
L INC
OME,
2008
($ M
ILLIO
NS)
Series D – General Financial Resources 27
1.W
YOM
ING
98.4
2.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
87.3
3.N
ORT
H D
AKO
TA79
.04.
LOU
ISIA
NA
72.2
5.O
KLAH
OM
A68
.26.
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA65
.47.
MO
NTA
NA
64.2
8.H
AWA
II59
.89.
NEW
MEX
ICO
59.5
10.
ALA
SKA
58.9
11.
VIRG
INI A
58.7
12.
MA
RYLA
ND
57.5
13.
VERM
ON
T57
.414
.A
RKAN
SAS
57.2
15.
TEXA
S56
.916
.N
EBRA
SKA
55.1
17.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D54
.918
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S54
.61 9
.KA
NSA
S54
.220
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I54
.121
.W
EST
VIRG
INIA
53.9
22.
CO
NN
ECTIC
UT53
.823
.IO
WA
53.5
24.
NEW
YO
RK53
.125
.A
LABA
MA
52.6
26.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N51
.727
.FL
ORI
DA51
.428
.M
AIN
E51
.129
.C
ALIF
ORN
IA50
.8N
EW JE
RSE Y
50.8
UN
ITED
STA
TES
49.2
31.
CO
LORA
DO
49.1
32.
IDAH
O48
.333
.M
INN
ESO
T A47
.7PE
NN
SYLV
AN
IA47
.735
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E46
.9U
TAH
46.9
37.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
46.0
38.
KEN
TUC
KY45
.539
.A
RIZO
NA
45.4
40.
ILLIN
OIS
45.1
41.
MIS
SOUR
I44
.642
.D
ELAW
ARE
43.7
43.
TEN
NES
SEE
43.5
44.
WIS
CO
NSI
N42
.445
.O
REG
ON
41.4
46.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A40
.447
.N
EVAD
A40
.048
.IN
DIAN
A38
.849
.G
EORG
I A37
.150
.O
HIO
36.7
51.
MIC
HIG
AN31
.3M
EDIA
N51
. 7RA
NG
E67
.1SD
EV.
12.2
CV
23.0
Com
pute
d fro
m Bu
reau
of E
cono
mic
Anal
ysis
(201
0).
D-6.
PERC
ENTA
GE CH
ANGE
IN P
ER CA
PITA
PERS
ONAL
INCO
ME, 1
998–
2008
1.N
ORT
H D
AKO
TA13
.12.
WYO
MIN
G8.
23.
TEXA
S8.
14.
ALA
SKA
7.9
5.LO
UIS
IAN
A7.
76.
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A7.
67.
OKL
AHO
MA
7.5
8.KA
NSA
S7.
39.
IOW
A7.
110
.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
7.0
11.
NEB
RASK
A5.
812
.W
EST
VIRG
INIA
4.5
13.
NEW
MEX
ICO
4.4
14.
MA
INE
4.1
MIS
SOUR
I4.
1W
ASHI
NG
TON
4.1
17.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
4.0
VERM
ON
T4.
01 9
.ILL
INO
IS3.
8M
ON
TAN
A3.
8RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
3.8
22.
HAW
AII
3.7
KEN
TUC
KY3.
724
.IN
DIAN
A3.
5M
INN
ESO
T A3.
5PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A3.
527
.VI
RGIN
I A3.
428
.A
RKAN
SAS
3.3
MIC
HIG
AN3.
3UN
ITED
STA
TES
3.2
30.
ALA
BAM
A3.
131
.O
REG
ON
3.0
32.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T2.
9M
ARY
LAN
D2.
934
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A2.
835
.U
TAH
2.7
36.
NEW
JERS
EY2.
637
.C
OLO
RAD
O2.
5W
ISC
ON
SIN
2.5
39.
TEN
NES
SEE
2.4
40.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
2.3
OH
I O2.
342
.FL
ORI
DA2.
243
.C
ALIF
ORN
I A1.
944
.D
ELAW
ARE
1.8
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
1.8
46.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A1.
747
.G
EORG
I A1.
648
.N
EW Y
ORK
1.0
49.
ARI
ZON
A0.
350
.ID
AHO
0.2
51.
NEV
ADA
–2.6
MED
IAN
3.5
R AN
GE
15.7
SDEV
.2.
6C
V67
.0
Com
pute
d fro
m Bu
reau
of E
cono
mic
Anal
ysis
(201
0).
D-5.
PERC
ENTA
GE CH
ANGE
IN P
ER CA
PITA
PERS
ONAL
INCO
ME, 2
007–
081.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A16
8.1
2.C
ON
NEC
TICUT
140.
83.
NEW
JERS
EY12
6.8
4.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S12
5.5
5.W
YOM
ING
124.
46.
MA
RYLA
ND
119.
07.
NEW
YO
RK11
8.3
8.VI
RGIN
I A11
0.0
9.A
LASK
A10
9.2
10.
CA
LIFO
RNI A
108.
311
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
107.
512
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E10
7.2
13.
CO
LORA
DO
107.
014
.M
INN
ESO
TA10
6.3
15.
ILLIN
OIS
106.
116
.H
AWA
II10
4.3
17.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D10
2.6
18.
NO
RTH
DAK
OT A
102.
01 9
.D
ELAW
ARE
100.
3UN
ITED
STA
TES
100.0
20.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
99.4
21.
KAN
SAS
98.7
22.
NEB
RASK
A98
.623
.FL
ORI
D A98
.5N
EVAD
A98
.525
.TE
XAS
97.9
26.
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A96
.5VE
RMO
NT
96.5
28.
IOW
A94
.029
.LO
UIS
IAN
A93
.630
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
93.2
31.
OKL
AHO
MA
90.8
32.
ORE
GO
N90
.533
.M
ISSO
URI
90.4
34.
MA
INE
89.8
35.
OH
IO88
.836
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
87.4
37.
MIC
HIG
AN86
.838
.G
EORG
IA86
.6M
ON
TAN
A86
.640
.TE
NN
ESSE
E86
.341
.IN
DIAN
A85
.942
.A
RIZO
NA
84.8
43.
ALA
BAM
A83
.344
.N
EW M
EXIC
O82
.645
.ID
AHO
81.1
46.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
81.0
47.
ARK
ANSA
S80
.448
.U
TAH
80.1
49.
KEN
TUC
KY79
.650
.W
EST
VIRG
INI A
77.5
51.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
75.6
MED
IAN
96.5
R AN
GE
92.6
SDEV
.17
.3C
V17
.5
Com
pute
d fro
m Bu
reau
of E
cono
mic
Anal
ysis
(201
0).
D-4.
PER
CAPIT
A PE
RSON
AL IN
COM
E AS A
PER
CENT
AGE O
FNA
TIONA
L AVE
RAGE
, 200
8
28 Rankings of the States 2010
1.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A76
.62.
ALA
SKA
25.1
3.H
AWA
II25
.04.
VIRG
INIA
18.9
5.N
EW M
EXIC
O18
.76.
MA
RYLA
ND
16.8
7.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I16
.18.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
15.5
9.KE
NTU
CKY
15.2
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A15
.2N
ORT
H D
AKO
T A15
.212
.A
LABA
MA
15.1
OKL
AHO
MA
15.1
14.
WYO
MIN
G15
.015
.M
ON
TAN
A14
.8W
EST
VIRG
INI A
14.8
17.
UTA
H14
.318
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
14.2
1 9.
GEO
RGIA
13.9
KAN
SAS
13.9
21.
LOU
ISIA
NA
13.4
22.
MA
INE
13.1
23.
NEB
RASK
A12
.924
.A
RKAN
SAS
12.8
IDAH
O12
.8VE
RMO
NT
12.8
UN
ITED
STA
TES
12.6
27.
ARI
ZON
A12
.6C
ALIF
ORN
I A12
.629
.C
OLO
RAD
O12
.5RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
12.5
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A12
.532
.D
ELAW
ARE
12.3
ORE
GO
N12
.334
.M
ISSO
URI
12.2
35.
IOW
A11
.836
.N
EW Y
ORK
11.6
37.
NEV
ADA
11.5
TEX A
S11
.539
.O
HIO
11.3
40.
MIC
HIG
AN11
.241
.TE
NN
ESSE
E11
.042
.N
EW JE
RSEY
10.7
43.
INDI
ANA
10.6
MIN
NES
OT A
10.6
45.
FLO
RID A
10.5
WIS
CO
NSI
N10
.547
.C
ON
NEC
TICU T
10.3
ILLIN
OIS
10.3
49.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NI A
9.5
50.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
9.0
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
9.0
MED
IAN
12.8
R AN
GE
67.7
SDEV
.9.
4C
V64
.3
Com
pute
d fro
m Bu
reau
of E
cono
mic
Anal
ysis
(201
0) a
nd N
EA R
esea
rch,
Es
timat
es D
atab
ase
(20
10).
D-9.
PERS
ONAL
INCO
ME F
ROM
GOVE
RNME
NT A
ND G
OVER
NMEN
TEN
TERP
RISE
S AS A
PER
CENT
AGE O
F PER
SONA
L INC
OME,
2008
1.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
514,
524
*2.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
368,
327
3.N
EW Y
ORK
358,
306
*4.
CO
NN
ECTIC
UT35
6,91
15.
MA
RYLA
ND
345,
057
6.W
YOM
ING
337,
927
7.H
AWA
II32
8,63
88.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D32
6,01
79.
VERM
ON
T32
3,33
8*
10.
NEW
JERS
EY32
1,84
5*
11.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
310,
379
*12
.D
ELAW
ARE
306,
558
*13
.VI
RGIN
IA30
6,47
714
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
TA30
2,33
315
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A30
0,56
416
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
298,
527
17.
FLO
RIDA
294,
720
18.
MIN
NES
OT A
291,
833
*19
.C
OLO
RAD
O28
8,46
920
.ILL
INO
IS28
6,12
621
.M
ON
TAN
A28
0,92
6*
22.
ORE
GO
N27
9,78
523
.SO
UTH
DAK
OT A
275,
377
24.
KAN
SAS
272,
839
25.
NEB
RASK
A27
0 ,95
3UN
ITED
STA
TES
269,
890
*26
.LO
UIS
IAN
A26
8 ,62
727
.M
AIN
E26
7,71
1*
28.
CA
LIFO
RNIA
265,
084
29.
WIS
CO
NSI
N26
4 ,43
530
.M
ISSO
URI
263 ,
644
*31
.A
LASK
A26
2,34
132
.IO
WA
260,
084
33.
OH
I O25
2,78
3*
34.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A24
6,22
735
.TE
NN
ESSE
E24
6,15
836
.A
RKAN
SAS
244,
785
*37
.N
EVAD
A24
4,35
6*
38.
KEN
TUC
KY23
3,16
839
.IN
DIAN
A23
0,12
640
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A22
5,68
741
.O
KLAH
OM
A22
5,54
842
.M
ICH
IGAN
224,
578
*43
.A
RIZO
NA
224,
232
44.
ALA
BAM
A22
3 ,27
445
.TE
XAS
221 ,
962
46.
GEO
RGI A
221,
681
*47
.W
EST
VIRG
INIA
217,
119
48.
NEW
MEX
ICO
211,
124
49.
UTA
H19
9 ,90
2*
50.
IDAH
O19
7,39
551
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I19
0 ,46
9*
MED
IAN
268,
627
RAN
GE
324,
054
SDEV
.56
,205
CV
20
Com
pute
d fro
m Bu
reau
of E
cono
mic
Anal
ysis
(201
0) a
nd N
EA R
esea
rch,
Es
timat
es D
atab
ase
(20
10).
D-8.
PERS
ONAL
INCO
ME P
ER ST
UDEN
T IN
AVER
AGE D
AILY
ATT
ENDA
NCE,
2008
($)
1.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
514,
524
*2.
CO
NN
ECTIC
UT35
1,43
13.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
347,
031
4.N
EW Y
ORK
343,
769
*5.
NEW
JERS
EY32
4,15
06.
MA
RYLA
ND
323,
914
7.W
YOM
ING
315 ,
064
8.H
AWA
II30
3 ,56
99.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D29
6,15
510
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E28
7 ,68
911
.D
ELAW
ARE
286 ,
313
12.
VIRG
INIA
283,
374
13.
NO
RTH
DAK
OT A
282,
963
14.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NI A
281,
896
15.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N27
8,28
516
.FL
ORI
D A27
8,11
717
.M
INN
ESO
TA27
4,50
6*
18.
VERM
ON
T26
8,58
4*
19.
CO
LORA
DO
267,
526
20.
ILLIN
OIS
262,
316
21.
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA25
8,01
122
.C
ALIF
ORN
IA25
6,66
2UN
ITED
STA
TES
252,
592
*23
.M
AIN
E24
9 ,05
0*
24.
LOU
ISIA
NA
248,
946
25.
ORE
GO
N24
5,91
726
.N
EBRA
SKA
245,
851
27.
WIS
CO
NSI
N24
3,96
428
.M
ISSO
URI
243 ,
157
*29
.N
EVAD
A24
2,69
6*
30.
MO
NTA
NA
238,
068
31.
KAN
SAS
237 ,
245
32.
IOW
A23
5,89
433
.A
LASK
A23
3,15
234
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
231 ,
391
35.
TEN
NES
SEE
228,
999
36.
OH
IO21
8,55
437
.A
LABA
MA
214,
514
38.
KEN
TUC
KY21
3,97
639
.IN
DIAN
A21
3,35
640
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A21
1,42
941
.O
KLAH
OM
A20
9,65
342
.M
ICH
IGAN
209,
121
43.
TEXA
S20
7 ,98
644
.A
RIZO
NA
207,
633
45.
GEO
RGI A
207,
040
46.
ARK
ANSA
S20
5 ,63
0*
47.
NEW
MEX
ICO
203,
726
48.
WES
T VI
RGIN
I A20
3,00
249
.ID
AHO
185,
167
50.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
182,
408
*51
.U
TAH
165,
351
MED
IAN
245 ,
851
R AN
GE
349,
173
SDEV
.57
,414
CV
22
Com
pute
d fro
m Bu
reau
of E
cono
mic
Anal
ysis
(201
0) a
nd N
EA R
esea
rch,
Es
timat
es D
atab
ase
(20
10).
D-7.
PERS
ONAL
INCO
ME P
ER ST
UDEN
T IN
FALL
ENRO
LLM
ENT,
2008
($)
Series D – General Financial Resources 29 1.
NO
RTH
DAK
OTA
4,29
12.
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA3,
580
3.N
EBRA
SKA
2,07
84.
IOW
A2,
008
5.ID
AHO
1,19
56.
KAN
SAS
892
7.M
INN
ESO
T A84
48.
ARK
ANSA
S83
29.
MO
NTA
NA
467
10.
ILLIN
OIS
437
11.
INDI
ANA
429
12.
NEW
MEX
ICO
414
13.
MIS
SOUR
I40
114
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I39
715
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
376
16.
WIS
CO
NSI
N32
717
.C
ALIF
ORN
I A31
9O
REG
ON
319
1 9.
VERM
ON
T26
820
.G
EORG
IA26
6UN
ITED
STA
TES
264
21.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A25
622
.KE
NTU
CKY
245
23.
ALA
BAM
A24
424
.O
KLAH
OM
A22
425
.C
OLO
RAD
O19
826
.H
AWA
II18
227
.LO
UIS
IAN
A17
528
.M
ICH
IGAN
173
29.
DEL
AWAR
E16
530
.W
YOM
ING
145
31.
MA
INE
130
32.
OH
I O12
533
.FL
ORI
D A11
334
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A10
735
.TE
XAS
101
36.
ARI
ZON
A93
37.
UTA
H85
38.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
8339
.N
EW Y
ORK
6440
.N
EVAD
A59
41.
MA
RYLA
ND
5442
.C
ON
NEC
TICUT
5143
.N
EW JE
RSE Y
4444
.VI
RGIN
I A33
45.
TEN
NES
SEE
2946
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E27
47.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
2448
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
1549
.A
LASK
A7
50.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A0
51.
WES
T VI
RGIN
I A–4
2
Bure
au o
f Eco
nomi
c Ana
lysis
(20
10).
D-10
. GRO
SS FA
RM IN
COM
E PER
CAPI
TA,
2008
($)
30
Series E—Governmental Revenue
evenue of state and local governments, princi-pally revenue generated through taxation, is the subject of the tables in Series E. These tables
contain comparative information about the amounts and significance of selected tax sources by state, providing insight into the financial resources of government that are available for financing public education. General revenue, own-source revenue, and tax collec-tions are presented for state and local governments in this series. Revenue data are expressed on a per capita basis or as a proportion of state personal income. The latter expression, found in Tables E-2, E-4, E-8, E-11, E-14, and E-15, indicates that for every $1,000 of per-sonal income in a state, a certain amount of revenue (e.g., sales tax revenue) is generated. This is referred to as the tax effort of government units and also can be
computed for expenditure categories, as shown in Series G and H. Tables E-12 through E-15 feature state revenue from general sales and from individual income taxes, ex-pressed on a per capita basis and per $1,000 of state per-sonal income. Please note that low amounts appear for several states, indicating that those taxes are restricted in some fashion. Please consult references on state tax cha-racteristics for clarifying information. The historical trend of state and local tax collections per $1,000 of personal income is shown in Figure E for 1998–2008. State and local shares show little annual variation; given these constant relationships, it is easy to see why economic growth is the key to substantive improvement in education finance (Tables E-4, E-11).
Figure E. Annual State and Local Taxes per $1,000 of Personal Income, 1998–2008 Tables E-1 to E-15 E-1. Per Capita General Revenue of all State and Local Governments, 2007–08 ($) E-2. General Revenue of State and Local Govts from Own Sources, 2007–08, per $1,000 of Personal
Income, 2008 ($) E-3. Per Capita Tax Revenue of State and Local Governments, 2007–08 ($) E-4. State and Local Tax Revenue in 2007–08 per $1,000 of Personal Income, 2008 ($) E-5. Per Capita Property Tax Revenue of State and Local Governments, 2007–08 ($) E-6. Per Capita Property Tax Revenue of Local Governments, 2007–08 ($) E-7. Property Tax Revenue of State and Local Governments as Percentage of Total Tax Revenue,
2007–08 E-8. State and Local Property Tax Revenue in 2007–08 per $1,000 in Personal Income, 2008 ($) E-9. Per Capita State Tax Revenue, 2007–08 ($) E-10. Per Capita Local Tax Revenue, 2007–08 ($) E-11. State Tax Revenue in 2007–08 per $1,000 of Personal Income in 2008 ($) E-12. Per Capita State Individual Income Tax Revenue, 2007–08 ($) E-13. Per Capita State General Sales Tax Revenue, 2007–08 ($) E-14. State Individual Income Tax Revenue in 2007–08 per $1,000 of Personal Income in 2008 ($) E-15. State General Sales Tax Revenue in 2007–08 per $1,000 of Personal Income in 2008 ($)
R
Series E – Governmental Revenue 31
Figure E. Annual State and Local Taxes per $1,000 of Personal Income, 1998–2008
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Year
Dol
lars
State
Local
32 Rankings of the States 2010
1.A
LASK
A14
,191
2.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
9,11
83.
NEW
YO
RK7,
095
4.W
YOM
ING
6,93
05.
CO
NN
ECTIC
UT6,
602
6.N
EW JE
RSEY
6,19
57.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
5 ,23
28.
HAW
AII
5 ,23
09.
CA
LIFO
RNI A
5,06
110
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
T A4,
952
11.
MA
RYLA
ND
4 ,90
812
.M
INN
ESO
TA4,
736
13.
VERM
ON
T4 ,
727
14.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D4,
637
15.
MA
INE
4,50
816
.ILL
INO
IS4 ,
483
UN
ITED
STA
TES
4,37
517
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
4,36
51 8
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
IA4,
347
19.
WIS
CO
NSI
N4,
331
20.
DEL
AWAR
E4,
252
21.
KAN
SAS
4,23
922
.N
EBRA
SKA
4,21
123
.VI
RGIN
I A4,
210
24.
NEV
ADA
4,07
225
.LO
UIS
IAN
A4 ,
069
26.
OH
I O4,
062
27.
FLO
RIDA
4,00
228
.C
OLO
RAD
O3 ,
976
29.
NEW
MEX
ICO
3,90
530
.IO
WA
3,84
331
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E3 ,
771
32.
MIC
HIG
AN3 ,
764
33.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A3 ,
601
34.
INDI
ANA
3,60
035
.M
ON
TAN
A3,
566
36.
TEXA
S3,
551
37.
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA3,
544
38.
ARI
ZON
A3,
537
39.
GEO
RGIA
3,47
240
.U
TAH
3,42
541
.O
KLAH
OM
A3,
381
42.
MIS
SOUR
I3,
361
43.
KEN
TUC
KY3 ,
316
44.
ORE
GO
N3,
306
45.
ARK
ANSA
S3 ,
294
46.
IDAH
O3,
241
47.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
3 ,13
548
.SO
UTH
DAK
OT A
3,10
949
.TE
NN
ESSE
E3 ,
057
50.
ALA
BAM
A3,
012
51.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
2 ,93
8M
EDIA
N4 ,
062
R AN
GE
11,2
53SD
EV.
1,82
6C
V41
Com
pute
d fro
m the
U.S
. Cen
sus B
urea
u (2
010
d).
E-3.
PER
CAPI
TA TA
X RE
VENU
E OF
STAT
E & LO
CAL G
OVER
NMEN
TS, 2
007–
08 ($
)1.
ALA
SKA
521
2.W
YOM
ING
224
3.N
EW Y
ORK
197
4.N
EW M
EXIC
O19
05.
DEL
AWAR
E18
36.
NO
RTH
DAK
OTA
181
7.W
EST
VIRG
INI A
177
8.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
174
9.H
AWA
II17
210
.U
TAH
170
11.
CA
LIFO
RNI A
168
MA
INE
168
VERM
ON
T16
814
.M
ICH
IGAN
165
MIS
SISS
IPPI
165
OH
I O16
517
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A16
418
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
162
1 9.
LOU
ISIA
NA
161
20.
INDI
ANA
160
IOW
A16
022
.N
EBRA
SKA
159
23.
MO
NTA
NA
158
UN
ITED
STA
TES
157
24.
KAN
SAS
157
MIN
NES
OT A
157
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D15
727
.ID
AHO
156
NEW
JERS
E Y15
629
.A
LABA
MA
154
30.
FLO
RID A
153
KEN
TUC
KY15
3O
REG
ON
153
33.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NI A
151
WAS
HIN
GTO
N15
135
.N
EVAD
A15
0N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
150
37.
ARI
ZON
A14
838
.C
OLO
RAD
O14
739
.G
EORG
IA14
640
.A
RKAN
SAS
145
41.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
143
42.
ILLIN
OIS
141
OKL
AHO
MA
141
44.
TEN
NES
SEE
139
VIRG
INI A
139
46.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T13
847
.M
ISSO
URI
137
48.
TEXA
S13
649
.M
ARY
LAN
D13
550
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E12
5SO
UTH
DAK
OT A
125
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157
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396
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.54
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33
Com
pute
d fro
m the
U.S
. Cen
sus B
urea
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010
d) a
nd B
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u of E
cono
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Anal
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R $1
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970
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V41
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PER
CAPI
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FST
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765
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751
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680
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633
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Com
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U.S
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010
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TA PR
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580
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425
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Com
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010
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E-5.
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123
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119
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Com
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u (2
010
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E-4.
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LOCA
L TAX
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IN 2
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16.3
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E-9.
PER
CAPI
TA ST
ATE T
AX R
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2007
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($)
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DIS
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T O
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EW Y
ORK
3,74
13.
NEW
JERS
EY2,
669
4.C
ON
NEC
TICUT
2,43
35.
WYO
MIN
G2,
418
6.M
ARY
LAN
D2,
119
7.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E2 ,
061
8.FL
ORI
D A2,
046
9.C
OLO
RAD
O2 ,
027
10.
ILLIN
OIS
2,01
111
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
2,01
012
.A
LASK
A1,
910
13.
CA
LIFO
RNI A
1,86
814
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S1 ,
860
15.
VIRG
INI A
1,84
016
.N
EBRA
SKA
1 ,83
9UN
ITED
STA
TES
1,80
517
.O
HIO
1,78
81 8
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
IA1,
766
19.
NEV
ADA
1,72
020
.TE
XAS
1,71
421
.KA
NSA
S1,
684
22.
WIS
CO
NSI
N1,
650
23.
MA
INE
1 ,63
124
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
1,62
325
.G
EORG
I A1,
607
26.
LOU
ISIA
NA
1,57
527
.IO
WA
1,54
828
.M
ISSO
URI
1 ,50
729
.SO
UTH
DAK
OTA
1,46
630
.A
RIZO
NA
1,42
931
.O
REG
ON
1,38
632
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
T A1,
345
33.
MIC
HIG
AN1 ,
286
34.
HAW
AII
1 ,23
435
.IN
DIAN
A1,
229
36.
MIN
NES
OTA
1,22
737
.TE
NN
ESSE
E1,
201
38.
UTA
H1,
192
39.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
1,15
740
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
1,13
141
.O
KLAH
OM
A1,
094
42.
ALA
BAM
A1,
066
43.
NEW
MEX
ICO
1,05
944
.M
ON
TAN
A1 ,
024
45.
KEN
TUC
KY96
146
.D
ELAW
ARE
895
47.
WES
T VI
RGIN
I A85
248
.ID
AHO
845
49.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
831
50.
ARK
ANSA
S65
751
.VE
RMO
NT
630
MED
IAN
1 ,57
5R A
NG
E8,
488
SDEV
.1,
198
CV
70
U.S.
Cen
sus B
ureau
(201
0d).
E-10
. PER
CAPI
TA LO
CAL T
AX R
EVEN
UE,
2007
–08
($)
1.A
LASK
A27
62.
VERM
ON
T10
43.
HAW
AII
944.
WYO
MIN
G89
5.N
ORT
H D
AKO
TA87
6.N
EW M
EXIC
O85
WES
T VI
RGIN
I A85
8.D
ELAW
ARE
829.
MIN
NES
OT A
8110
.A
RKAN
SAS
8011
.M
AIN
E79
12.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
7513
.C
ALIF
ORN
IA73
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T73
15.
IDAH
O72
KEN
TUC
KY72
MO
NTA
NA
7218
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
711 9
.M
ICH
IGAN
70N
EW Y
ORK
7021
.N
EW JE
RSEY
69N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
69U
TAH
6924
.IN
DIAN
A68
25.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
6626
.LO
UIS
IAN
A65
27.
KAN
SAS
64UN
ITED
STA
TES
63
28.
OH
I O63
PEN
NSY
LVA
NI A
63RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
63W
ASHI
NG
TON
6332
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KLAH
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33.
ARI
ZON
A61
34.
IOW
A60
35.
NEB
RASK
A59
36.
ILLIN
OIS
58N
EVAD
A58
38.
ALA
BAM
A57
MA
RYLA
ND
5740
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A54
41.
GEO
RGI A
53TE
NN
ESSE
E53
VIRG
INIA
5344
.O
REG
ON
5245
.M
ISSO
URI
5046
.FL
ORI
D A49
47.
TEXA
S46
48.
CO
LORA
DO
4549
.SO
UTH
DAK
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4250
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E39
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
An.
a.M
EDIA
N65
R AN
GE
237
SDEV
.33
CV
46
Com
pute
d fro
m the
U.S
. Cen
sus B
urea
u (2
010
d) a
nd B
urea
u of E
cono
mic
Anal
ysis
(201
0).
E-11
. STA
TE TA
X RE
VENU
E IN
2007
–08 P
ER $
1,00
0 OF
PERS
ONAL
INCO
ME IN
200
8 ($)
1.N
EW Y
ORK
2,38
32.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A2,
289
3.C
ON
NEC
TICUT
2,14
34.
MA
RYLA
ND
1,98
55.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
1,92
36.
CA
LIFO
RNIA
1,51
77.
MIN
NES
OTA
1,49
08.
NEW
JERS
E Y1,
452
9.O
REG
ON
1,31
310
.VI
RGIN
I A1,
302
11.
OH
I O1,
220
12.
DEL
AWAR
E1,
218
13.
HAW
AII
1 ,19
914
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
1 ,19
215
.M
AIN
E1 ,
188
16.
WIS
CO
NSI
N1 ,
180
17.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NI A
1,15
118
.KE
NTU
CKY
1 ,06
21 9
.KA
NSA
S1,
052
20.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D1,
039
21.
CO
LORA
DO
1,02
622
.VE
RMO
NT
1,00
3UN
ITED
STA
TES
1,00
223
.IO
WA
976
24.
NEB
RASK
A96
825
.U
TAH
948
26.
IDAH
O94
427
.M
ISSO
URI
926
28.
GEO
RGIA
913
29.
MO
NTA
NA
900
30.
INDI
ANA
845
31.
WES
T VI
RGIN
I A83
732
.A
RKAN
SAS
821
33.
ILLIN
OIS
800
34.
OKL
AHO
MA
765
35.
MIC
HIG
AN76
436
.LO
UIS
IAN
A71
937
.A
LABA
MA
684
38.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
639
39.
NEW
MEX
ICO
612
40.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
528
41.
ARI
ZON
A52
442
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
TA49
543
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E90
44.
TEN
NES
SEE
47A
LASK
An.
a.FL
ORI
D An.
a.N
EVAD
An.
a.SO
UTH
DAK
OT A
n.a.
TEXA
Sn.
a.W
ASHI
NG
TON
n.a.
WYO
MIN
Gn.
a.
U.S.
Cen
sus B
ureau
(201
0d) a
nd B
urea
u of
Eco
nom
ic An
alys
is (2
010)
.
E-12
. PER
CAPI
TA ST
ATE I
NDIV
IDUA
LIN
COM
E TAX
REV
ENUE
, 200
7–08
($)
36 Rankings of the States 2010 1.
HAW
AII
2,03
42.
WYO
MIN
G1,
841
3.W
ASHI
NG
TON
1,73
24.
NEV
ADA
1,18
45.
FLO
RIDA
1,17
46.
TEN
NES
SEE
1,09
97.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
1 ,06
78.
NEW
JERS
EY1,
027
9.C
ON
NEC
TICUT
1,01
310
.A
RIZO
NA
990
11.
ARK
ANSA
S98
412
.N
EW M
EXIC
O98
313
.SO
UTH
DAK
OT A
911
14.
INDI
ANA
900
15.
TEXA
S89
116
.ID
AHO
884
17.
MIN
NES
OT A
872
18.
CA
LIFO
RNI A
870
1 9.
NEB
RASK
A86
020
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
TA82
721
.M
ICH
IGAN
822
22.
KAN
SAS
808
23.
MA
INE
806
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D80
6UN
ITED
STA
TES
793
25.
LOU
ISIA
NA
784
26.
WIS
CO
NSI
N75
827
.U
TAH
718
28.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
713
29.
OH
I O68
530
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A68
131
.KE
NTU
CKY
674
32.
MA
RYLA
ND
665
33.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
631
34.
ILLIN
OIS
615
35.
IOW
A61
336
.W
EST
VIRG
INIA
612
37.
GEO
RGIA
598
38.
NEW
YO
RK58
039
.O
KLAH
OM
A57
640
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
571
41.
MIS
SOUR
I54
6VE
RMO
NT
546
43.
ALA
BAM
A49
144
.VI
RGIN
IA47
145
.C
OLO
RAD
O46
8A
LASK
An.
a.D
ELAW
ARE
n.a.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
An.
a.M
ON
TAN
An.
a.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
En.
a.O
REG
ON
n.a.
U.S.
Cen
sus B
ureau
(201
0d) a
nd B
urea
u of
Eco
nom
ic An
alys
is (2
010)
.
E-13
. PER
CAPI
TA ST
ATE G
ENER
AL S
ALES
TAX
REVE
NUE,
2007
–08
($)
1.N
EW Y
ORK
502.
MA
RYLA
ND
413.
CO
NN
ECTIC
UT37
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
375.
ORE
GO
N36
6.C
ALIF
ORN
IA35
7.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
34M
INN
ESO
T A34
OH
I O34
10.
KEN
TUC
KY33
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A33
12.
MA
INE
3213
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
3114
.D
ELAW
ARE
3015
.ID
AHO
29U
TAH
29VI
RGIN
I A29
18.
HAW
AII
28N
EW JE
RSEY
28PE
NN
SYLV
AN
IA28
21.
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA27
22.
GEO
RGIA
26IO
WA
26KA
NSA
S26
MO
NTA
NA
26VE
RMO
NT
26UN
ITED
STA
TES
25
27.
ARK
ANSA
S25
MIS
SOUR
I25
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D25
30.
CO
LORA
DO
24IN
DIAN
A24
NEB
RASK
A24
33.
MIC
HIG
AN22
34.
OKL
AHO
MA
2135
.A
LABA
MA
2036
.ILL
INO
IS19
LOU
ISIA
NA
19SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A19
39.
NEW
MEX
ICO
1840
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I17
41.
ARI
ZON
A15
42.
NO
RTH
DAK
OTA
1243
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E2
44.
TEN
NES
SEE
1A
LASK
An.
a.FL
ORI
D An.
a.N
EVAD
An.
a.SO
UTH
DAK
OT A
n.a.
TEXA
Sn.
a.W
ASHI
NG
TON
n.a.
WYO
MIN
Gn.
a.
Com
pute
d fro
m U.
S. C
ensu
s Bur
eau
(201
0d)
and
Bur
eau o
f Ec
onom
ic An
alys
is (2
010)
.
E-14
. STA
TE IN
DIVI
DUAL
INCO
ME TA
X RE
VENU
E IN
2007
–08
PER
$1,00
0 OF
PER
SONA
L INC
OME I
N 20
08 ($
)1.
HAW
AII
482.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N40
3.W
YOM
ING
364.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
355.
TEN
NES
SEE
316.
ARK
ANSA
S30
7.A
RIZO
NA
29FL
ORI
D A29
NEV
ADA
29N
EW M
EXIC
O29
11.
IDAH
O27
12.
INDI
ANA
2613
.M
ICH
IGAN
23SO
UTH
DAK
OT A
2315
.M
AIN
E22
TEXA
S22
UTA
H22
18.
KEN
TUC
KY21
NEB
RASK
A21
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
2121
.C
ALIF
ORN
IA20
KAN
SAS
20LO
UIS
IAN
A20
MIN
NES
OT A
20N
EW JE
RSE Y
20N
ORT
H D
AKO
T A20
WIS
CO
NSI
N20
UN
ITED
STA
TES
19
28.
OH
I O19
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D19
WES
T VI
RGIN
I A19
31.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T18
32.
GEO
RGI A
17PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A17
34.
IOW
A16
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A16
OKL
AHO
MA
1637
.M
ISSO
URI
1538
.A
LABA
MA
14ILL
INO
IS14
MA
RYLA
ND
14VE
RMO
NT
1442
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S12
NEW
YO
RK12
44.
CO
LORA
DO
1145
.VI
RGIN
I A10
ALA
SKA
n.a.
DEL
AWAR
En.
a.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
n.a.
MO
NTA
NA
n.a.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
n.a.
ORE
GO
Nn.
a.
Com
pute
d fro
m U.
S. C
ensu
s Bur
eau
(201
0d)
and
Bur
eau o
f Eco
nomi
c An
alys
is (2
010)
.
E-15
. STA
TE G
ENER
AL SA
LES T
AX R
EVEN
UE IN
200
7–08
PER
$1,0
00 O
F PER
SONA
L INC
OME I
N 20
08 ($
)
37
Series F—School Revenue
eries F tables compare states on their sources of public school revenue. Funds received by public school districts from federal, state, and local
sources are listed for each state and are expressed in relation to the number of students in each state, to the state’s personal income, and according to the percentage distribution across the three government sources. Tables F-5 and F-6 examine each state’s relative posi-tion with regard to school revenues per $1,000 of state personal income. These measures, as with the examples in Series E, make it easier to compare the effort of gov-ernment units to provide financial support for public
school programs through measurement of that support with the common denominator of personal income. Please see page 97 for additional information provided by the state education departments to help explain data reported for their states in Series F tables. Figure F displays school revenues by source–state, lo-cal, and federal. Throughout the past 10 years, state and local governments have each provided between 43 and 50 percent of the total. The federal contribution has ranged from 7.1 to 11.1 percent over that same period of time (Tables F-8, F-10, and F-12).
Figure F. Annual School Revenue by Source, 2000–10 Tables F-1 to F-13 F-1. Public School Revenue per Student in Fall Enrollment, 2008–09 (Revised) ($) F-2. Public School Revenue per Student in Fall Enrollment, 2009–10 ($) F-3. Public School Revenue per Student in Average Daily Attendance, 2008–09 (Revised) ($) F-4. Public School Revenue per Student in Average Daily Attendance, 2009–10 ($) F-5. Public School Revenue in 2007–08 per $1,000 of Personal Income in 2008 ($) F-6. State and Local Revenue for Public Schools in 2007–08 per $1,000 of Personal Income in 2008 ($) F-7. Percentage of Revenue for Public K–12 Schools from Local Governments, 2008–09 (Revised) F-8. Percentage of Revenue for Public K–12 Schools from Local Governments, 2009–10 F-9. Percentage of Revenue for Public K–12 Schools from State Governments, 2008–09 (Revised) F-10. Percentage of Revenue for Public K–12 Schools from State Governments, 2009–10 F-11. Percentage of Revenue for Public K–12 Schools from Federal Government, 2008–09 (Revised) F-12. Percentage of Revenue for Public K–12 Schools from Federal Government, 2009–10 F-13. Local Public School Revenue as a Percentage of Combined State and Local School Revenue,
2009–10
S
Rankings of the States 2010
38
Figure F. Annual School Revenue by Source, 2000–10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010Year
Perc
ent
Local State Federal
Series F – School Revenue 39 1.
WYO
MIN
G19
,389
2.VE
RMO
NT
17,3
13*
3.N
EW Y
ORK
17,1
52*
4.N
EW JE
RSEY
16,7
65*
5.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
16,4
30*
6.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S15
,817
7.M
ARY
LAN
D15
,670
8.C
ON
NEC
TICU T
15,6
479.
HAW
AII
15,0
1610
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A14
,781
11.
DEL
AWAR
E14
,727
*12
.M
AIN
E13
,813
*13
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E13
,425
14.
VIRG
INI A
12,4
2015
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
12,4
0016
.M
INN
ESO
T A12
,338
*17
.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
12,0
36*
18.
KAN
SAS
11,8
941 9
.LO
UIS
IAN
A11
,819
20.
NO
RTH
DAK
OTA
11,8
0421
.W
EST
VIRG
INIA
11,5
59*
UN
ITED
STA
TES
11,
521
*22
.N
EW M
EXIC
O11
,511
23.
MIC
HIG
AN11
,457
*24
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
11,2
9725
.M
ISSO
URI
11,1
12*
26.
ORE
GO
N11
,034
27.
CA
LIFO
RNIA
10,9
8828
.ILL
INO
IS10
,979
29.
GEO
RGI A
10,9
3430
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A10
,904
31.
IOW
A10
,835
32.
ARK
ANSA
S10
,653
*33
.A
LASK
A10
,611
*34
.KE
NTU
CKY
10,4
0735
.IN
DIAN
A10
,312
36.
CO
LORA
DO
10,2
1337
.M
ON
TAN
A10
,209
*38
.SO
UTH
DAK
OTA
10,1
7539
.FL
ORI
DA10
,043
40.
NEB
RASK
A9,
977
41.
TEXA
S9,
919
42.
OH
IO9,
839
43.
ALA
BAM
A9 ,
741
44.
OKL
AHO
MA
8,94
045
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
8 ,85
546
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I8 ,
707
*47
.A
RIZO
NA
8,66
0*
48.
TEN
NES
SEE
8,34
749
.ID
AHO
8,23
6*
50.
UTA
H8,
202
51.
NEV
ADA
7,63
0*
MED
IAN
11,0
34R A
NG
E11
,758
SDEV
.2,
733
CV
23
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
F-1.
PUBL
IC SC
HOOL
REV
ENUE
PER
STUD
ENT I
NFA
LL EN
ROLL
MEN
T, 20
08–0
9 (R
EVISE
D) ($
)1.
VERM
ON
T21
,379
*2.
WYO
MIN
G20
,708
3.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
18,0
78*
4.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S16
,806
5.M
ARY
LAN
D16
,668
6.D
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abas
e (20
10).
K–12
=
"Ele
menta
ry a
nd S
econ
dary
" (se
e G
lossa
ry).
F-8.
PERC
ENTA
GE O
F REV
ENUE
FOR
PUBL
IC K–
12SC
HOOL
S FRO
M LO
CAL G
OVER
NMEN
TS, 2
009–
101.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A87
.7*
2.ILL
INO
IS68
.73.
NEW
JERS
EY61
.2*
4.N
EVAD
A59
.2*
5.M
ISSO
URI
58.6
*6.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
57.4
7.FL
ORI
D A55
.78.
CO
NN
ECTIC
UT55
.49.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NI A
55.0
10.
NEB
RASK
A53
. 711
.VI
RGIN
IA52
.312
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S51
.413
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
51.2
*14
.M
AIN
E50
.7*
15.
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA50
.616
.M
ARY
LAN
D49
.617
.C
OLO
RAD
O48
.918
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
T A48
.31 9
.G
EORG
IA48
.020
.N
EW Y
ORK
46.8
*21
.TE
XAS
46.7
22.
OH
IO46
.423
.IO
WA
44.9
UN
ITED
STA
TES
43.6
*24
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
43.6
25.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
42.4
26.
TEN
NES
SEE
40.2
27.
ARI
ZON
A39
.8*
28.
MO
NTA
NA
39.7
*29
.O
REG
ON
39.2
30.
INDI
ANA
38.9
31.
LOU
ISIA
NA
38.2
32.
WYO
MIN
G37
.133
.U
TAH
35.2
34.
KAN
SAS
34.5
35.
OKL
AHO
MA
33.8
36.
ARK
ANSA
S32
.6*
37.
MIC
HIG
AN32
.5*
38.
ALA
BAM
A31
.639
.KE
NTU
CKY
31.0
40.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
30.5
*41
.C
ALIF
ORN
IA30
.342
.D
ELAW
ARE
29.2
*43
.W
EST
VIRG
INIA
27.4
*44
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
27.3
45.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A24
.946
.A
LASK
A24
.0*
47.
IDAH
O23
.2*
48.
MIN
NES
OTA
15.9
*49
.N
EW M
EXIC
O14
.750
.VE
RMO
NT
5.5
*51
.H
AWA
II3.
4M
EDIA
N40
.2R A
NG
E84
.3SD
EV.
15.5
CV
37.7
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
K–12
=
"Ele
menta
ry a
nd S
econ
dary
" (se
e G
lossa
ry).
F-7.
PERC
ENTA
GE O
F REV
ENUE
FOR
PUBL
IC K–
12 SC
HOOL
SFR
OM LO
CAL G
OVER
NMEN
TS, 2
008–
09 (R
EVISE
D)
42 Rankings of the States 2010
1.H
AWA
II19
.92.
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA19
.73.
TEXA
S17
.74.
LOU
ISIA
NA
17.2
5.A
LABA
MA
17.0
6.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I16
.0*
7.KE
NTU
CKY
15.8
8.C
ALIF
ORN
I A15
.4FL
ORI
D A15
.410
.N
EW M
EXIC
O14
.9*
11.
TEN
NES
SEE
13.6
12.
OKL
AHO
MA
13.4
*W
EST
VIRG
INIA
13.4
*14
.KA
NSA
S13
.215
.ILL
INO
IS12
.9*
WAS
HIN
GTO
N12
.917
.M
ON
TAN
A12
. 7*
18.
UTA
H12
.6*
WIS
CO
NSI
N12
.6*
20.
ALA
SKA
12.5
*21
.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
12.0
*22
.A
RKAN
SAS
11.5
*UN
ITED
STA
TES
11.1
*23
.M
AIN
E11
.1*
24.
NO
RTH
DAK
OTA
10.7
25.
IOW
A10
.2M
ISSO
URI
10.2
*SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A10
.228
.ID
AHO
9.7
*29
.O
REG
ON
9.6
30.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D9.
4*
31.
GEO
RGIA
9.3
*32
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
9.0
33.
INDI
ANA
8.8
MIC
HIG
AN8.
8*
35.
MIN
NES
OTA
8.7
*36
.O
HIO
8.6
*37
.N
EW Y
ORK
8.3
*38
.VE
RMO
NT
8.2
*39
.N
EVAD
A7.
9*
40.
ARI
ZON
A7.
8*
41.
DEL
AWAR
E7.
7*
42.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
7.6
43.
WYO
MIN
G7.
244
.C
OLO
RAD
O7.
145
.C
ON
NEC
TICU T
6.9
*N
EBRA
SKA
6.9
47.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NI A
6.5
*48
.M
ARY
LAN
D6.
1*
VIRG
INIA
6.1
*50
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E5.
6*
51.
NEW
JERS
EY3.
2*
MED
IAN
10.2
R AN
GE
16.7
SDEV
.3.
8C
V34
.8
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
K–12
=
"Ele
menta
ry a
nd S
econ
dary
" (se
e G
lossa
ry).
F-12
. PER
CENT
AGE O
F REV
ENUE
FOR
PUBL
IC K
–12 S
CHOO
LSFR
OM FE
DERA
L GOV
ERNM
ENT,
2009
–10
1.C
ALIF
ORN
IA16
.52.
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA16
.43.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
16.1
*4.
LOU
ISIA
NA
15.6
5.N
EW M
EXIC
O15
.26.
HAW
AII
14.6
NO
RTH
DAK
OT A
14.6
8.O
KLAH
OM
A13
.59.
WES
T VI
RGIN
I A13
.1*
10.
MO
NTA
NA
12.6
*11
.A
LASK
A12
.5*
ILLIN
OIS
12.5
UTA
H12
.514
.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
12.3
*15
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
12.0
16.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N11
.817
.A
RKAN
SAS
11.6
*18
.TE
NN
ESSE
E11
.31 9
.KE
NTU
CKY
10.8
MA
INE
10.8
*O
REG
ON
10.8
22.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A10
.7TE
XAS
10.7
24.
ALA
BAM
A10
.6UN
ITED
STA
TES
10.1
*25
.FL
ORI
D A10
.126
.M
ISSO
URI
10.0
*27
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A9.
928
.ID
AHO
9.7
*29
.G
EORG
IA9.
330
.M
ICH
IGAN
8.7
*31
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
8.6
*32
.IN
DIAN
A8.
533
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S8.
434
.M
INN
ESO
T A8.
3*
35.
OH
IO8.
236
.D
ELAW
ARE
8.0
*N
EW Y
ORK
8.0
*VE
RMO
NT
8.0
*39
.A
RIZO
NA
7.8
*N
EVAD
A7.
8*
41.
KAN
SAS
7.3
42.
IOW
A7.
243
.C
OLO
RAD
O7.
144
.N
EBRA
SKA
6.9
45.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T6.
7PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A6.
747
.W
YOM
ING
6.6
48.
MA
RYLA
ND
6.3
49.
VIRG
INI A
6.2
50.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
5.6
51.
NEW
JERS
E Y3.
2*
MED
IAN
10.0
R AN
GE
13.3
SDEV
.3.
1C
V30
.6
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
K–12
=
"Ele
menta
ry a
nd S
econ
dary
" (se
e G
lossa
ry).
F-11
. PER
CENT
AGE O
F REV
ENUE
FOR
PUBL
IC K
–12
SCHO
OLS F
ROM
FEDE
RAL G
OVER
NMEN
T, 20
08–0
9 (RE
VISE
D)1.
VERM
ON
T90
.7*
2.H
AWA
II76
.73.
MIN
NES
OTA
76.4
*4.
NEW
MEX
ICO
70.0
*5.
IDAH
O68
.4*
6.A
LASK
A63
.5*
7.D
ELAW
ARE
62.7
*8.
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA59
.5*
9.W
ASHI
NG
TON
58.5
10.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A58
.411
.M
ICH
IGAN
57. 7
*12
.A
RKAN
SAS
56.1
*13
.A
LABA
MA
54.6
CA
LIFO
RNI A
54.6
15.
KEN
TUC
KY54
.016
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I53
.3*
17.
ARI
ZON
A52
.7*
18.
OKL
AHO
MA
52.6
*19
.IN
DIAN
A52
.520
.KA
NSA
S52
.021
.U
TAH
51.9
*22
.W
YOM
ING
51.5
23.
ORE
GO
N51
.024
.M
ON
TAN
A47
.8*
25.
TEN
NES
SEE
47.4
26.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
46.2
27.
LOU
ISIA
NA
45.5
UN
ITED
STA
TES
45.3
*28
.O
HI O
45.1
*29
.N
EW Y
ORK
45.0
*30
.M
ARY
LAN
D44
.9*
31.
IOW
A44
.832
.C
OLO
RAD
O44
.033
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
43.5
*34
.G
EORG
IA42
.3*
35.
VIRG
INIA
41.6
*36
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S41
.437
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
40.6
*38
.N
EBRA
SKA
39.4
39.
NO
RTH
DAK
OTA
39.2
40.
TEXA
S38
.541
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A38
.4*
42.
MA
INE
37.8
*43
.C
ON
NEC
TICUT
37.5
*44
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E35
.4*
45.
NEW
JERS
EY34
.7*
46.
NEV
ADA
33.4
*47
.FL
ORI
DA31
.848
.M
ISSO
URI
31.0
*49
.SO
UTH
DAK
OTA
30.3
50.
ILLIN
OIS
18.0
*D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
n.a.
*M
EDIA
N46
.8R A
NG
E72
.7SD
EV.
13.3
CV
27.2
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
K–12
=
"Ele
menta
ry a
nd S
econ
dary
" (se
e G
lossa
ry).
F-10
. PER
CENT
AGE O
F REV
ENUE
FOR
PUBL
IC K
–12 S
CHOO
LSFR
OM S
TATE
GOV
ERNM
ENTS
, 200
9–10
Series F – School Revenue 43 1.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A10
0.0
*2.
ILLIN
OIS
79.3
*3.
MIS
SOUR
I65
.5*
4.N
EW JE
RSEY
64.1
*5.
NEV
ADA
63.8
*6.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
62.5
*7.
FLO
RIDA
62.4
8.SO
UTH
DAK
OT A
62.2
9.C
ON
NEC
TICU T
59.7
*10
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
IA58
.9*
11.
NEB
RASK
A57
.712
.M
AIN
E57
.5*
13.
NO
RTH
DAK
OTA
56.1
14.
VIRG
INI A
55.6
*15
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S55
.2RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
55.2
*17
.G
EORG
IA53
.3*
18.
TEXA
S53
.21 9
.C
OLO
RAD
O52
.620
.M
ARY
LAN
D52
.2*
21.
NEW
YO
RK50
.9*
22.
OH
IO50
.7*
23.
WIS
CO
NSI
N50
.2*
24.
IOW
A50
.1UN
ITED
STA
TES
49.0
*25
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A48
.626
.M
ON
TAN
A45
.2*
27.
TEN
NES
SEE
45.1
28.
LOU
ISIA
NA
45.0
29.
WYO
MIN
G44
.530
.O
REG
ON
43.6
31.
ARI
ZON
A42
.8*
32.
INDI
ANA
42.5
33.
UTA
H40
.6*
34.
KAN
SAS
40.2
35.
OKL
AHO
MA
39.3
*36
.M
ICH
IGAN
36.7
*37
.A
RKAN
SAS
36.6
*M
ISSI
SSIPP
I36
.6*
39.
KEN
TUC
KY35
.940
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
35.8
41.
CA
LIFO
RNI A
35.4
42.
ALA
BAM
A34
.143
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
32.8
44.
DEL
AWAR
E32
.1*
45.
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA31
.3*
46.
ALA
SKA
27.4
*47
.ID
AHO
24.2
*48
.N
EW M
EXIC
O17
.7*
49.
MIN
NES
OTA
16.3
*50
.H
AWA
II4.
351
.VE
RMO
NT
1.2
*M
EDIA
N45
.2R A
NG
E98
.8SD
EV.
17.2
CV
37.4
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
F-13
. LOC
AL PU
BLIC
SCHO
OL R
EVEN
UE A
S A P
ERCE
NTAG
E OF
COMB
INED
STAT
E & LO
CAL S
CHOO
L REV
ENUE
, 200
9–10
44
Series G—Government Expenditures
tate and local government spending characteristics provide useful comparative information about the resources, needs, and priorities for public ser-
vices. Expenditures for government programs vary across states for many reasons, and state-by-state com-parisons should be made while keeping the particular factors for each state in mind—demographic, economic, and political factors are but a few. Tables in Series G describe spending by state govern-ments and by state and local governments combined. Expenditure data are expressed on a per capita basis, allowing closer comparison of the differences in levels and objects of state government spending, as well as their positions relative to the U.S. average. Use of state
personal income in selected tables provides an opportu-nity to compare the relative “effort” of government units to fund various types of programs, including public edu-cation. Per capita expenditures of state and local governments are shown in Figure G. General expenditures increased by 62.3 percent from 1998 to 2008, whereas capital out-lay and interest on debt increased 60.1 percent. Ad-justed for inflation, they increased 23.2 percent and 21.5 percent, respectively. Over this same period, the ratio of general expenditures to capital outlay and debt has in-creased from 5.1 to 1 to 5.2 to 1. Education expenditures are included in these totals (Tables G-3, G-10, G-11).
Figure G. Annual Per Capita State and Local Government Expenditures, 1998–2008 Tables G-1 to G-12 G-1. Per Capita Total General Expenditures of State Governments for all Functions, 2007–08 ($) G-2. State Government General Expenditures in 2007–08 per $1,000 of Personal Income in 2008 ($) G-3. Per Capita Direct General Expenditures of State and Local Governments, 2007–08 ($) G-4. State and Local Government Direct General Expenditures in 2007–08, per $1,000 of Personal Income
in 2008 ($) G-5. Per Capita Expenditures of State and Local Governments for Public Welfare, 2007–08 ($) G-6. Per Capita Expenditures of State and Local Governments for Health and Hospitals, 2007–08 ($) G-7. Per Capita Expenditures of State and Local Governments for Police and Fire Protection, 2007–08 ($) G-8. Per Capita Expenditures of State and Local Governments for Corrections, 2007–08 ($) G-9. Per Capita Expenditures of State and Local Governments for Highways, 2007–08 ($) G-10. Per Capita Expenditures of State and Local Governments for Capital Outlay, 2007–08 ($) G-11. Per Capita Expenditures of State and Local Governments for Interest on Debt, 2007–08 ($) G-12. Ratio of State and Local General Revenue to Total General Government Expenditures, 2007–08
S
Series G – Government Expenditures 45
Figure G. Annual Per Capita State and Local Government Expenditures, 1998–2008
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
5,000
5,500
6,000
6,500
7,000
7,500
8,000
8,500
9,000
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Year
Dol
lars General expenditures
Capital and debt
46 Rankings of the States 2010
1.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A18
,035
2.A
LASK
A16
,797
3.W
YOM
ING
12,7
614.
NEW
YO
RK10
,897
5.LO
UIS
IAN
A9,
377
6.D
ELAW
ARE
9,25
07.
CA
LIFO
RNI A
9,12
28.
HAW
AII
9 ,08
79.
NEW
JERS
EY9,
084
10.
VERM
ON
T8 ,
754
11.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
8 ,71
112
.N
EW M
EXIC
O8,
706
13.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T8,
687
14.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D8,
530
15.
MIN
NES
OT A
8,44
116
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
8,18
317
.M
ARY
LAN
D8 ,
118
18.
NO
RTH
DAK
OT A
7,98
6UN
ITED
STA
TES
7,89
419
.M
AIN
E7,
833
20.
NEB
RASK
A7,
692
21.
IOW
A7,
669
22.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
7,64
023
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A7,
607
24.
FLO
RIDA
7,55
625
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
7 ,54
126
.O
HI O
7,52
627
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A7,
512
28.
MO
NTA
NA
7 ,50
529
.ILL
INO
IS7 ,
458
30.
KAN
SAS
7 ,45
631
.O
REG
ON
7,42
532
.VI
RGIN
I A7,
349
33.
MIC
HIG
AN7 ,
226
34.
CO
LORA
DO
7 ,20
635
.N
EVAD
A7,
012
36.
ALA
BAM
A6,
998
37.
INDI
ANA
6,96
938
.KE
NTU
CKY
6,90
339
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
6,87
140
.W
EST
VIRG
INI A
6,84
741
.U
TAH
6,84
142
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E6,
784
43.
GEO
RGI A
6,74
144
.TE
XAS
6 ,70
145
.A
RIZO
NA
6,65
046
.M
ISSO
URI
6 ,64
147
.O
KLAH
OM
A6,
591
48.
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA6,
496
49.
IDAH
O6,
363
50.
ARK
ANSA
S6 ,
266
51.
TEN
NES
SEE
6,08
5M
EDIA
N7 ,
526
R AN
GE
11,9
51SD
EV.
2,24
7C
V28
U.S.
Cen
sus B
ureau
(201
0d).
G-3.
PER
CAPI
TA D
IREC
T GEN
ERAL
EXPE
NDITU
RES O
FST
ATE &
LOCA
L GOV
ERNM
ENTS
, 200
7–08
($)
1.A
LASK
A29
92.
NEW
MEX
ICO
216
3.VE
RMO
NT
193
4.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I18
65.
DEL
AWAR
E18
46.
LOU
ISIA
NA
177
7.H
AWA
II17
58.
WES
T VI
RGIN
I A16
9W
YOM
ING
169
10.
KEN
TUC
KY16
111
.M
ON
TAN
A15
912
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A15
513
.M
AIN
E15
414
.A
RKAN
SAS
153
15.
UTA
H14
616
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
T A14
2RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
142
18.
MIC
HIG
AN14
11 9
.A
LABA
MA
140
20.
NEW
YO
RK13
721
.ID
AHO
135
22.
MIN
NES
OTA
134
23.
OH
IO13
1W
ISC
ON
SIN
131
25.
CA
LIFO
RNI A
130
IOW
A13
0O
REG
ON
130
28.
OKL
AHO
MA
128
29.
INDI
ANA
127
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A12
731
.A
RIZO
NA
123
32.
KAN
SAS
122
UN
ITED
STA
TES
121
33.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
121
34.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NI A
119
WAS
HIN
GTO
N11
936
.N
EBRA
SKA
112
37.
MA
RYLA
ND
111
TEN
NES
SEE
111
39.
MIS
SOUR
I10
8SO
UTH
DAK
OTA
108
41.
GEO
RGI A
106
42.
NEW
JERS
EY10
543
.VI
RGIN
I A10
444
.C
ON
NEC
TICU T
100
45.
ILLIN
OIS
98N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E98
47.
FLO
RID A
9448
.TE
XAS
9249
.C
OLO
RAD
O90
50.
NEV
ADA
89D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
n.a.
MED
IAN
130
R AN
GE
211
SDEV
.38
CV
27
U.S.
Cen
sus B
ureau
(201
0d) a
nd th
e Bu
reau
of E
cono
mic
Anal
ysis
(201
0).
G-2.
STAT
E GOV
ERNM
ENT G
ENER
AL EX
PEND
ITURE
S IN
2007
–08
PER
$1,00
0 OF
PER
SONA
L INC
OME I
N 20
08 ($
)1.
ALA
SKA
13,3
362.
WYO
MIN
G8,
563
3.VE
RMO
NT
7,58
04.
DEL
AWAR
E7,
516
5.H
AWA
II7,
428
6.N
EW M
EXIC
O7,
265
7.LO
UIS
IAN
A6 ,
797
8.N
EW Y
ORK
6,57
99.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
6 ,21
710
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
5,92
611
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
T A5,
912
12.
MIN
NES
OTA
5,79
613
.C
ON
NEC
TICU T
5,72
914
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I5 ,
708
15.
CA
LIFO
RNI A
5,68
016
.M
AIN
E5 ,
642
17.
MO
NTA
NA
5 ,60
918
.N
EW JE
RSE Y
5,39
11 9
.M
ARY
LAN
D5,
383
20.
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA5,
330
21.
KEN
TUC
KY5,
238
22.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N5,
206
23.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
5,13
124
.A
RKAN
SAS
5 ,02
825
.M
ICH
IGAN
4 ,98
126
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
4 ,97
4UN
ITED
STA
TES
4,93
927
.IO
WA
4,93
828
.KA
NSA
S4 ,
870
29.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NI A
4,85
930
.O
REG
ON
4,76
931
.A
LABA
MA
4 ,75
632
.O
HI O
4,75
233
.U
TAH
4 ,73
934
.O
KLAH
OM
A4,
725
35.
VIRG
INIA
4,67
336
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
4,53
537
.N
EBRA
SKA
4,50
138
.ID
AHO
4,46
639
.IN
DIAN
A4,
456
40.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
4,31
041
.A
RIZO
NA
4,24
142
.SO
UTH
DAK
OTA
4,22
943
.ILL
INO
IS4 ,
209
44.
MIS
SOUR
I3 ,
995
45.
TEN
NES
SEE
3 ,92
846
.C
OLO
RAD
O3 ,
906
47.
FLO
RID A
3,77
348
.G
EORG
IA3,
734
49.
TEXA
S3 ,
649
50.
NEV
ADA
3,58
5D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
n.a.
MED
IAN
4 ,97
8R A
NG
E9,
751
SDEV
.1,
602
CV
30
U.S.
Cen
sus B
ureau
(201
0d).
G-1.
PER
CAPI
TA G
ENER
AL EX
PEND
ITURE
S OF
STAT
E GOV
ERNM
ENTS
FOR
ALL F
UNCT
IONS
, 200
7–08
($)
Series G – Government Expenditures 47
1.A
LASK
A37
72.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A26
53.
NEW
MEX
ICO
259
4.W
YOM
ING
252
5.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I24
96.
LOU
ISIA
NA
244
7.N
EW Y
ORK
227
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
227
9.D
ELAW
ARE
226
10.
VERM
ON
T22
311
.W
EST
VIRG
INI A
217
12.
HAW
AII
214
MA
INE
214
14.
MO
NTA
NA
213
15.
KEN
TUC
KY21
216
.U
TAH
211
17.
CA
LIFO
RNI A
208
OH
I O20
81 9
.A
LABA
MA
206
20.
MIC
HIG
AN20
521
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
204
22.
ORE
GO
N20
223
.IO
WA
201
24.
INDI
ANA
199
WIS
CO
NSI
N19
926
.M
INN
ESO
T A19
5UN
ITED
STA
TES
194
27.
ARI
ZON
A19
3N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
193
29.
IDAH
O19
2N
EBRA
SKA
192
NO
RTH
DAK
OT A
192
32.
ARK
ANSA
S19
1G
EORG
I A19
134
.FL
ORI
D A18
835
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
187
36.
KAN
SAS
186
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
186
38.
MIS
SOUR
I17
939
.O
KLAH
OM
A17
840
.N
EW JE
RSEY
177
41.
ILLIN
OIS
174
NEV
ADA
174
43.
TEN
NES
SEE
173
44.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
170
45.
TEXA
S16
846
.M
ARY
LAN
D16
747
.C
OLO
RAD
O16
648
.SO
UTH
DAK
OT A
165
49.
VIRG
INI A
164
50.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
155
51.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T15
2M
EDIA
N19
5R A
NG
E22
6SD
EV.
36C
V18
Com
pute
d fro
m U.
S. C
ensu
s Bur
eau
(201
0d)
.
G-4.
STAT
E & LO
CAL G
OVER
NMEN
T DIR
ECT G
ENER
AL EX
PEND
ITURE
SIN
2007
–08,
PER
$1,00
0 OF P
ERSO
NAL I
NCOM
E IN
2008
($)
1.W
YOM
ING
1,73
42.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
1,10
63.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
1,02
14.
ALA
BAM
A96
15.
DI S
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A90
06.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N88
27.
NEW
YO
RK87
68.
IOW
A86
89.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A82
810
.H
AWA
II81
711
.LO
UIS
IAN
A80
312
.C
ALIF
ORN
IA78
713
.TE
NN
ESSE
E70
014
.G
EORG
I A68
815
.N
EBRA
SKA
669
16.
MIS
SOUR
I64
517
.N
EW M
EXIC
O62
9UN
ITED
STA
TES
621
1 8.
MIC
HIG
AN61
71 9
.O
HIO
612
20.
IDAH
O57
921
.IN
DIAN
A57
622
.C
OLO
RAD
O57
223
.FL
ORI
D A57
124
.O
REG
ON
570
25.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T54
726
.VI
RGIN
I A54
227
.TE
XAS
532
28.
ALA
SKA
528
29.
MIN
NES
OT A
500
30.
KEN
TUC
KY48
531
.D
ELAW
ARE
478
UTA
H47
833
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A47
5W
ISC
ON
SIN
475
35.
NEV
ADA
469
36.
MA
INE
460
37.
KAN
SAS
457
OKL
AHO
MA
457
39.
MO
NTA
NA
439
40.
ARI
ZON
A41
441
.A
RKAN
SAS
410
42.
NEW
JERS
EY40
843
.ILL
INO
IS39
044
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S36
845
.M
ARY
LAN
D35
646
.W
EST
VIRG
INI A
347
47.
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A27
948
.VE
RMO
NT
264
49.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D22
250
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
T A15
751
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E13
8M
EDIA
N54
2R A
NG
E1,
596
SDEV
.27
1C
V46
Com
pute
d fro
m U.
S. C
ensu
s Bur
eau
(201
0d)
.
G-6.
PER
CAPI
TA EX
PEND
ITURE
S OF S
TATE
& LO
CAL
GOVE
RNM
ENTS
FOR
HEAL
TH &
HOS
PITAL
S, 20
07–0
8 ($)
1.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
4,06
22.
NEW
YO
RK2,
255
3.A
LASK
A2,
063
4.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
2,04
95.
VERM
ON
T2,
020
6.M
INN
ESO
TA1,
919
7.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S1 ,
905
8.M
AIN
E1 ,
904
9.N
EW M
EXIC
O1,
852
10.
DEL
AWAR
E1 ,
652
11.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NI A
1,62
712
.C
ON
NEC
TICUT
1,48
113
.N
EW JE
RSE Y
1,45
314
.O
HI O
1,45
015
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I1 ,
444
16.
KEN
TUC
KY1 ,
435
17.
WES
T VI
RGIN
I A1,
402
18.
CA
LIFO
RNI A
1,38
7UN
ITED
STA
TES
1,33
11 9
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
1,32
920
.A
RKAN
SAS
1,32
621
.O
KLAH
OM
A1,
321
22.
TEN
NES
SEE
1 ,31
823
.IN
DIAN
A1,
309
24.
LOU
ISIA
NA
1 ,30
525
.M
ARY
LAN
D1 ,
301
26.
IOW
A1,
296
27.
HAW
AII
1,26
4N
ORT
H D
AKO
T A1,
264
29.
WYO
MIN
G1 ,
259
30.
ILLIN
OIS
1 ,25
831
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E1 ,
244
32.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
1 ,21
733
.N
EBRA
SKA
1,20
234
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
1,18
235
.M
ICH
IGAN
1,16
536
.KA
NSA
S1,
144
37.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A1,
136
38.
ARI
ZON
A1,
112
39.
ORE
GO
N1,
083
40.
IDAH
O1,
078
41.
MIS
SOUR
I1 ,
075
42.
FLO
RIDA
1,06
543
.VI
RGIN
I A1,
039
44.
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A1,
019
45.
ALA
BAM
A98
046
.G
EORG
I A96
647
.M
ON
TAN
A93
548
.TE
XAS
934
49.
CO
LORA
DO
850
50.
UTA
H82
951
.N
EVAD
A70
3M
EDIA
N1 ,
296
R AN
GE
3,36
0SD
EV.
517
CV
37
Com
pute
d fro
m U.
S. C
ensu
s Bur
eau
(201
0d)
.
G-5.
PER
CAPI
TA EX
PEND
ITURE
S OF S
TATE
& LO
CAL
GOVE
RNM
ENTS
FOR
PUBL
IC W
ELFA
RE, 2
007–
08 ($
)
48 Rankings of the States 2010
1.
ALA
SKA
2,19
32.
WYO
MIN
G1,
380
3.N
ORT
H D
AKO
TA96
74.
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA83
65.
MO
NTA
NA
797
6.M
INN
ESO
T A71
67.
VERM
ON
T70
08.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A69
59.
LOU
ISIA
NA
692
10.
NEB
RASK
A67
411
.KA
NSA
S66
712
.D
ELAW
ARE
660
13.
WIS
CO
NSI
N62
314
.IO
WA
611
15.
NEW
MEX
ICO
601
PEN
NSY
LVA
NI A
601
17.
WES
T VI
RGIN
I A60
018
.KE
NTU
CKY
593
1 9.
TEXA
S59
120
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
589
21.
IDAH
O57
922
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I57
623
.FL
ORI
DA56
724
.N
EVAD
A54
825
.O
KLAH
OM
A54
326
.M
AIN
E53
827
.U
TAH
530
28.
ILLIN
OIS
526
29.
MA
RYLA
ND
508
UN
ITED
STA
TES
505
30.
ORE
GO
N50
431
.N
EW Y
ORK
501
32.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
490
33.
CO
LORA
DO
479
MIS
SOUR
I47
935
.A
RIZO
NA
462
36.
VIRG
INIA
455
37.
HAW
AII
445
38.
INDI
ANA
444
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
444
40.
NEW
JERS
EY42
941
.A
LABA
MA
427
42.
CA
LIFO
RNIA
425
43.
ARK
ANSA
S42
044
.O
HI O
414
45.
GEO
RGI A
400
46.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A38
947
.C
ON
NEC
TICU T
382
48.
MIC
HIG
AN36
749
.TE
NN
ESSE
E32
450
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A31
451
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
287
MED
IAN
538
R AN
GE
1,90
6SD
EV.
291
CV
49
Com
pute
d fro
m U.
S. C
ensu
s Bur
eau
(201
0d)
.
G-9.
PER
CAPI
TA EX
PEND
ITURE
S OF S
TATE
& LO
CAL
GOVE
RNM
ENTS
FOR
HIGH
WAY
S, 20
07–0
8 ($
)1.
WYO
MIN
G45
92.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A45
23.
CA
LIFO
RNIA
372
4.A
LASK
A35
95.
DEL
AWAR
E32
06.
NEW
YO
RK29
97.
MA
RYLA
ND
296
8.LO
UIS
IAN
A29
0N
EVAD
A29
010
.N
EW M
EXIC
O27
911
.O
REG
ON
269
12.
VIRG
INIA
266
13.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N26
514
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
257
15.
FLO
RID A
255
16.
ARI
ZON
A25
317
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A24
518
.M
ICH
IGAN
243
UN
ITED
STA
TES
240
19.
GEO
RGIA
237
20.
NEW
JERS
EY23
621
.C
OLO
RAD
O23
322
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S21
823
.TE
XAS
215
24.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D21
425
.ID
AHO
204
26.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T20
3M
ON
TAN
A20
328
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
194
OKL
AHO
MA
194
30.
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A19
1VE
RMO
NT
191
32.
UTA
H18
833
.N
EBRA
SKA
181
34.
ARK
ANSA
S17
5M
INN
ESO
TA17
536
.KE
NTU
CKY
172
37.
OH
IO17
138
.H
AWA
II16
939
.IN
DIAN
A16
7KA
NSA
S16
7M
ISSI
SSIPP
I16
742
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A16
343
.M
AIN
E16
144
.TE
NN
ESSE
E15
445
.ILL
INO
IS15
346
.A
LABA
MA
151
47.
WES
T VI
RGIN
I A15
048
.M
ISSO
URI
148
49.
IOW
A14
750
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
T A13
151
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E12
6M
EDIA
N20
3R A
NG
E33
3SD
EV.
75C
V33
Com
pute
d fro
m U.
S. C
ensu
s Bur
eau
(201
0d)
.
G-8.
PER
CAPI
TA EX
PEND
ITURE
S OF S
TATE
& LO
CAL
GOVE
RNM
ENTS
FOR
CORR
ECTIO
NS, 2
007–
08 ($
)1.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A1,
346
2.N
EVAD
A59
73.
CA
LIFO
RNIA
595
4.N
EW Y
ORK
572
5.A
LASK
A56
66.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D55
37.
FLO
RID A
541
8.ILL
INO
IS49
99.
MA
RYLA
ND
482
10.
ARI
ZON
A48
011
.N
EW JE
RSE Y
467
12.
WYO
MIN
G46
613
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S44
314
.N
EW M
EXIC
O43
415
.LO
UIS
IAN
A43
216
.C
OLO
RAD
O42
817
.C
ON
NEC
TICU T
427
UN
ITED
STA
TES
425
18.
ORE
GO
N41
11 9
.O
HIO
409
20.
VIRG
INIA
398
21.
NEB
RASK
A39
422
.M
ISSO
URI
384
WIS
CO
NSI
N38
424
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
381
25.
HAW
AII
378
26.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
370
27.
DEL
AWAR
E36
528
.M
INN
ESO
TA36
129
.A
LABA
MA
350
30.
UTA
H34
731
.G
EORG
I A34
232
.KA
NSA
S34
133
.TE
NN
ESSE
E33
934
.M
ON
TAN
A33
835
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
336
36.
MIC
HIG
AN33
337
.O
KLAH
OM
A33
138
.TE
XAS
328
39.
INDI
ANA
313
40.
IDAH
O30
341
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A30
042
.VE
RMO
NT
292
43.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
281
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
281
45.
MA
INE
274
46.
IOW
A27
247
.KE
NTU
CKY
263
48.
NO
RTH
DAK
OT A
257
49.
ARK
ANSA
S25
150
.SO
UTH
DAK
OT A
235
51.
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA22
1M
EDIA
N37
0R A
NG
E1,
124
SDEV
.16
6C
V41
Com
pute
d fro
m U.
S. C
ensu
s Bur
eau
(201
0d)
.
G-7.
PER
CAPI
TA EX
PEND
ITURE
S OF S
TATE
& LO
CAL
GOVE
RNM
ENTS
FOR
POLIC
E & FI
RE P
ROTE
CTIO
N, 2
007–
08 ($
)
Series G – Government Expenditures 49
1.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
4,48
82.
ALA
SKA
2,92
43.
WYO
MIN
G2,
763
4.W
ASHI
NG
TON
1,67
75.
NEB
RASK
A1,
640
6.N
EW Y
ORK
1,63
07.
ARI
ZON
A1,
428
8.N
EVAD
A1,
397
9.U
TAH
1,38
910
.FL
ORI
D A1,
360
11.
TEXA
S1 ,
350
12.
DEL
AWAR
E1,
319
13.
LOU
ISIA
NA
1 ,27
614
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
T A1,
267
15.
CA
LIFO
RNIA
1,26
516
.M
INN
ESO
T A1,
242
17.
CO
LORA
DO
1 ,20
518
.G
EORG
I A1,
188
1 9.
MO
NTA
NA
1,16
2UN
ITED
STA
TES
1,14
720
.N
EW M
EXIC
O1,
134
21.
ORE
GO
N1,
124
22.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
1,12
323
.SO
UTH
DAK
OT A
1,11
524
.IO
WA
1,10
725
.N
EW JE
RSEY
1,05
226
.KA
NSA
S1 ,
021
27.
ILLIN
OIS
1,01
128
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A97
629
.VI
RGIN
I A97
130
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I96
431
.KE
NTU
CKY
958
32.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A94
133
.O
HI O
924
34.
OKL
AHO
MA
914
35.
HAW
AII
909
36.
INDI
ANA
905
37.
ALA
BAM
A90
338
.C
ON
NEC
TICUT
900
39.
WIS
CO
NSI
N87
340
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S86
141
.ID
AHO
840
42.
MA
RYLA
ND
824
43.
MIS
SOUR
I82
044
.W
EST
VIRG
INIA
816
45.
ARK
ANSA
S76
246
.TE
NN
ESSE
E76
047
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
707
48.
MIC
HIG
AN65
749
.VE
RMO
NT
653
50.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
649
51.
MA
INE
533
MED
IAN
1 ,02
1R A
NG
E3,
954
SDEV
.64
3C
V54
Com
pute
d fro
m U.
S. C
ensu
s Bur
eau
(201
0d)
.
G-10
. PER
CAP
ITA EX
PEND
ITURE
S OF S
TATE
& LO
CAL
GOVE
RNM
ENTS
FOR
CAPI
TAL O
UTLA
Y, 20
07–0
8 ($)
1.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S71
92.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A70
43.
ALA
SKA
675
4.N
EW Y
ORK
618
5.H
AWA
II48
56.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D48
37.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T46
48.
CO
LORA
DO
444
WAS
HIN
GTO
N44
410
.ILL
INO
IS44
011
.C
ALIF
ORN
I A42
712
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
IA41
613
.N
EW JE
RSE Y
412
14.
TEXA
S39
715
.KE
NTU
CKY
391
16.
DEL
AWAR
E38
917
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
T A38
1UN
ITED
STA
TES
371
1 8.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
371
1 9.
LOU
ISIA
NA
369
NEV
ADA
369
21.
KAN
SAS
359
22.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
357
23.
VERM
ON
T35
424
.M
INN
ESO
T A34
025
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
333
26.
MIS
SOUR
I33
027
.N
EBRA
SKA
327
28.
MIC
HIG
AN32
629
.O
REG
ON
323
30.
FLO
RID A
315
31.
ARI
ZON
A30
232
.M
ON
TAN
A29
433
.M
ARY
LAN
D29
334
.O
HI O
292
35.
INDI
ANA
281
36.
NEW
MEX
ICO
280
37.
MA
INE
270
38.
VIRG
INIA
267
39.
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA26
040
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
255
41.
UTA
H25
342
.IO
WA
246
43.
TEN
NES
SEE
233
WES
T VI
RGIN
I A23
345
.A
LABA
MA
230
46.
OKL
AHO
MA
215
47.
WYO
MIN
G20
148
.G
EORG
I A19
849
.A
RKAN
SAS
186
50.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
185
51.
IDAH
O17
4M
EDIA
N33
0R A
NG
E54
5SD
EV.
127
CV
36
Com
pute
d fro
m U.
S. C
ensu
s Bur
eau
(201
0d)
.
G-11
. PER
CAP
ITA EX
PEND
ITURE
S OF S
TATE
& LO
CAL
GOVE
RNM
ENTS
FOR
INTE
REST
ON
DEBT
, 200
7–08
($)
1.VE
RMO
NT
0.86
62.
NEW
MEX
ICO
0.83
43.
HAW
AII
0.81
74.
DEL
AWAR
E0.
813
5.A
RKAN
SAS
0.80
26.
ALA
SKA
0.79
47.
WES
T VI
RGIN
I A0.
779
8.KE
NTU
CKY
0.75
99.
MO
NTA
NA
0.74
710
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I0.
747
11.
NO
RTH
DAK
OTA
0.74
012
.LO
UIS
IAN
A0.
725
13.
MA
INE
0.72
014
.O
KLAH
OM
A0.
717
15.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
0.71
416
.ID
AHO
0.70
217
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
0.69
518
.U
TAH
0.69
31 9
.M
ICH
IGAN
0.68
920
.M
INN
ESO
TA0.
687
21.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
0.68
322
.A
LABA
MA
0.68
023
.W
YOM
ING
0.67
124
.M
ARY
LAN
D0.
663
25.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A0.
660
26.
WIS
CO
NSI
N0.
660
27.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T0.
660
28.
KAN
SAS
0.65
329
.SO
UTH
DAK
OTA
0.65
130
.TE
NN
ESSE
E0.
646
31.
IOW
A0.
644
32.
ORE
GO
N0.
642
33.
INDI
ANA
0.63
934
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A0.
639
35.
ARI
ZON
A0.
638
36.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N0.
636
37.
VIRG
INIA
0.63
638
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E0.
635
39.
OH
IO0.
631
UN
ITED
STA
TES
0.62
640
.C
ALIF
ORN
IA0.
623
41.
NEW
YO
RK0.
604
42.
MIS
SOUR
I0.
602
43.
NEW
JERS
EY0.
594
44.
NEB
RASK
A0.
585
45.
ILLIN
OIS
0.56
446
.G
EORG
I A0.
554
47.
TEXA
S0.
545
48.
CO
LORA
DO
0.54
249
.N
EVAD
A0.
511
50.
FLO
RID A
0.49
9D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
n.a.
MED
IAN
0.66
0R A
NG
E0.
367
SDEV
.0.
083
CV
12.3
07
Com
pute
d fro
m U.
S. C
ensu
s Bur
eau
(201
0d)
.
G-12
. RAT
IO O
F STA
TE &
LOCA
L GEN
ERAL
REV
ENUE
TOTO
TAL G
ENER
AL G
OVER
NMEN
T EXP
ENDI
TURE
S, 20
07–0
8
50
Series H—School Expenditures
xpenditures for elementary and secondary schools and for higher education can serve as indicators of state and local government “ef-
fort” to fund these services. Measures used to compare states on spending for education include current ex-penditures per student in Fall Enrollment (ENR) or Average Daily Attendance (ADA). In Section H, school expenditure data are displayed in relation to state population and state personal income and as per-centages of total state expenditures or as proportions of national averages. Expenditure data are shown for elementary and secon-dary (K–12) schools. Knowledge about public educa-tion systems and their funding characteristics is
required to make fair comparisons of state and local government financial support of education relative to that found in other states. See page 97 for additional information provided by the state education depart-ments. Combined per capita education expenditures of state and local governments are shown in Figure H. Be-tween 1998 and 2008 expenditures for elementary and secondary education increased 22.5 percent and higher education expenses increased 36.3 percent, in real dollars. The ratio of elementary and secondary expen-ditures to higher education expenditures is 2.5 to 1 (Tables H-7, H-8).
Figure H. Annual per Capita State and Local Expenditures, 1998–2008 Tables H-1 to H-19 H-1. Per Capita State Government Expenditures for all Education, 2007–08 ($) H-2. State Government Expenditures for all Education in 2007–08 per $1,000 of Personal In-
come in 2008 ($) H-3. Per Capita Expenditures of State and Local Governments for all Education, 2007–08 ($) H-4. State and Local Government Expenditures for all Education in 2007–08 per $1,000 of Per-
sonal Income in 2008 H-5. State and Local Government Expenditures for all Education as a Percentage of Direct
General Expenditures for All Functions, 2007–08 H-6. Local Expenditures as Percentage of State and Local Expenditures for Public Higher Edu-
cation Institutions, 2007–08 H-7. Per Capita State and Local Government Expenditures for Higher Education, 2007–08 ($) H-8. Per Capita Expenditures of State and Local Governments for Public K–12 Schools, 2007–
08 ($) H-9. Current Expenditures for Public K–12 Schools per Student in Fall Enrollment, 2008–09
(Revised) ($)
E
Series H—School Expenditures 51
H-10. Current Expenditures for Public K–12 Schools per Student in Fall Enrollment as Percent-age of National Average, 2008–09 (Revised)
H-11. Current Expenditures for Public K–12 Schools per Student in Fall Enrollment, 2009–10 ($)
H-12. Current Expenditures for Public K–12 Schools per Student in Fall Enrollment as Percent-age of National Average, 2009–10
H-13. Current Expenditures for Public K–12 Schools in 2007–08 per $1,000 of Personal Income in 2008
H-14. Current Expenditures for Public K–12 Schools per Student in Average Daily Attendance, 2008–09 (Revised) ($)
H-15. Current Expenditures for Public K–12 Schools per Student in Average Daily Attendace as Percentage of National Average, 2008–09 (Revised)
H-16. Current Expenditures for Public K–12 Schools per Student in Average Daily Attendance, 2009–10 ($)
H-17. Current Expenditures for Public K–12 Schools per Student in Average Daily Attendance as Percentage of National Average, 2009–10
H-18. Per Capita State and Local Government Capital Spending for Higher Education Institu-tions, 2007–08 ($)
H-19. Per Capita State and Local Government Capital Spending for Public K–12 Schools, 2007–08 ($)
Figure H. Annual Per Capita State and Local Education Expenditures, 1998–2008
0100200300400500600700800900
1,0001,1001,2001,3001,4001,5001,6001,7001,8001,9002,0002,1002,200
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Year
Dol
lars Elementary/Secondary
Higher Education
52 Rankings of the States 2010
1.
ALA
SKA
4,38
82.
WYO
MIN
G4,
202
3.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
3,76
14.
VERM
ON
T3,
566
5.N
EW JE
RSEY
3,51
36.
NEW
YO
RK3,
322
7.D
ELAW
ARE
3 ,29
78.
CO
NN
ECTIC
UT3,
178
9.M
ARY
LAN
D3 ,
053
10.
NEW
MEX
ICO
2,98
011
.VI
RGIN
I A2,
921
12.
IOW
A2,
894
13.
NO
RTH
DAK
OT A
2,87
814
.N
EBRA
SKA
2 ,85
515
.M
INN
ESO
T A2,
836
16.
MIC
HIG
AN2 ,
830
17.
CA
LIFO
RNI A
2,82
618
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
2,79
41 9
.A
LABA
MA
2,79
320
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
2,77
021
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
2,75
522
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A2,
735
23.
UTA
H2 ,
730
UN
ITED
STA
TES
2,71
724
.TE
XAS
2 ,71
225
.O
HI O
2,68
926
.KA
NSA
S2 ,
679
27.
LOU
ISIA
NA
2,67
728
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S2,
663
29.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NI A
2,66
030
.G
EORG
I A2,
648
31.
HAW
AII
2 ,63
532
.M
ON
TAN
A2 ,
609
33.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
2 ,59
834
.W
EST
VIRG
INI A
2,58
235
.O
REG
ON
2,55
336
.C
OLO
RAD
O2,
552
37.
ILLIN
OIS
2,53
738
.O
KLAH
OM
A2,
511
39.
KEN
TUC
KY2,
491
40.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A2 ,
471
41.
ARK
ANSA
S2 ,
447
42.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
2,43
443
.M
AIN
E2 ,
423
44.
INDI
ANA
2,41
845
.N
EVAD
A2,
395
46.
MIS
SOUR
I2 ,
358
47.
FLO
RID A
2,25
448
.SO
UTH
DAK
OT A
2,18
149
.A
RIZO
NA
2,16
050
.ID
AHO
2,07
951
.TE
NN
ESSE
E1 ,
991
MED
IAN
2 ,67
9R A
NG
E2,
397
SDEV
.47
3C
V17
Com
pute
d fro
m the
U.S
. Cen
sus B
urea
u (2
010
d).
H-3.
PER
CAPI
TA EX
PEND
ITURE
S OF S
TATE
& LO
CAL
GOVE
RNM
ENTS
FOR
ALL E
DUCA
TION,
2007
–08 (
$)1.
HAW
AII
622.
ALA
SKA
403.
UTA
H36
4.KE
NTU
CKY
355.
DEL
AWAR
E34
VERM
ON
T34
7.A
LABA
MA
33W
EST
VIRG
INI A
339.
NEW
MEX
ICO
31N
ORT
H D
AKO
T A31
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
3112
.LO
UIS
IAN
A28
MO
NTA
NA
2814
.A
RKAN
SAS
27O
KLAH
OM
A27
16.
INDI
ANA
2617
.M
ICH
IGAN
2518
.IO
WA
24M
ISSI
SSIPP
I24
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A24
WAS
HIN
GTO
N24
22.
IDAH
O22
MIN
NES
OTA
22N
EBRA
SKA
22O
HI O
2226
.G
EORG
I A21
VIRG
INI A
2128
.O
REG
ON
20W
ISC
ON
SIN
20UN
ITED
STA
TES
19
30.
CO
LORA
DO
19M
AIN
E19
NEW
JERS
E Y19
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D19
WYO
MIN
G19
35.
KAN
SAS
18SO
UTH
DAK
OTA
18TE
NN
ESSE
E18
TEXA
S18
39.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
1740
.A
RIZO
NA
16M
ARY
LAN
D16
MIS
SOUR
I16
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
1644
.C
ALIF
ORN
IA15
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T15
NEV
ADA
1547
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S14
48.
ILLIN
OIS
1349
.N
EW Y
ORK
1250
.FL
ORI
D A11
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
An.
a.M
EDIA
N22
R AN
GE
51SD
EV.
9C
V38
Com
pute
d fro
m the
U.S
. Cen
sus B
urea
u (2
010
d) a
nd B
urea
u of E
cono
mic
Anal
ysis
(201
0).
H-2.
STAT
E GOV
ERNM
ENT E
XPEN
DITU
RES F
OR A
LL ED
UCAT
ION
IN 20
07–0
8 PER
$1,
000 O
F PER
SONA
L INC
OME I
N 20
08 ($
)1.
VERM
ON
T3,
322
2.A
LASK
A3,
157
3.W
YOM
ING
2,88
54.
HAW
AII
2,63
55.
DEL
AWAR
E2,
593
6.N
EW M
EXIC
O2,
533
7.M
INN
ESO
T A2,
380
8.A
LABA
MA
2 ,28
69.
ARK
ANSA
S2 ,
211
10.
UTA
H2 ,
206
11.
MIC
HIG
AN2 ,
196
12.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N2,
154
13.
NO
RTH
DAK
OT A
2,06
814
.LO
UIS
IAN
A2 ,
059
15.
KAN
SAS
2 ,05
216
.KE
NTU
CKY
2 ,04
217
.N
EW Y
ORK
2 ,04
018
.W
EST
VIRG
INI A
2,02
719
.C
ALIF
ORN
IA1,
994
20.
MA
RYLA
ND
1,95
121
.O
KLAH
OM
A1,
935
22.
IOW
A1,
928
23.
MO
NTA
NA
1,90
324
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
1 ,89
125
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I1 ,
862
26.
WIS
CO
NSI
N1 ,
835
27.
IDAH
O1,
821
28.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
1,81
929
.VI
RGIN
I A1,
806
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ITED
STA
TES
1,79
830
.O
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ON
1,78
631
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RSE Y
1,77
732
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1,75
233
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1 ,67
234
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ON
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1,67
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670
36.
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1,66
537
.M
ASS
ACHU
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S1,
649
38.
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RASK
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632
39.
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DE IS
LAN
D1,
620
40.
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LORA
DO
1,61
741
.N
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565
42.
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NSY
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1 ,53
445
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URI
1 ,45
646
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NA
1,44
747
.SO
UTH
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1,37
348
.TE
NN
ESSE
E1 ,
364
49.
ILLIN
OIS
1 ,26
750
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ORI
DA1,
265
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
An.
a.M
EDIA
N1 ,
849
R AN
GE
2,05
6SD
EV.
444
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23
U.S.
Cen
sus B
ureau
(201
0d).
H-1.
PER
CAPI
TA ST
ATE G
OVER
NMEN
T EXP
ENDI
TURE
S FOR
ALL E
DUCA
TION,
2007
–08 (
$)
Series H – School Expenditures 53
1.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
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A10
0.0
2.W
YOM
ING
36.2
3.C
ALIF
ORN
IA34
.64.
FLO
RIDA
34.4
5.ILL
INO
IS28
.26.
ARI
ZON
A28
.07.
KAN
SAS
27.1
8.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I25
.69.
ORE
GO
N25
.110
.W
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ON
SIN
24.0
11.
IOW
A23
.812
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EW Y
ORK
23.6
13.
MA
RYLA
ND
21.8
14.
NEW
JERS
EY21
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ISSO
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21.5
16.
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S20
.317
.N
ORT
H C
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18.
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ITED
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TES
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19.
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NN
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7.2
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3.5
26.
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27.
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2.4
28.
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SKA
1.6
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0.6
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T VI
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1
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sus B
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0d).
H-6.
LOCA
L EXP
ENDI
TURE
S AS %
OF S
TATE
& LO
CAL E
XPEN
DITU
RES
FOR
PUBL
IC H
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R ED
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ITUTIO
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S40
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A39
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39.3
7.M
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39.2
8.A
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39.1
9.N
EW JE
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38.7
10.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
38.3
11.
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38.1
12.
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37.7
14.
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ND
37.6
15.
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ON
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36. 7
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NN
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35.5
26.
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35.4
27.
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NSY
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NI A
35.0
28.
MO
NTA
NA
34.8
29.
INDI
ANA
34.7
UN
ITED
STA
TES
34.4
30.
ORE
GO
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.N
EVAD
A34
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NG
TON
33.7
35.
MIN
NES
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33.6
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TH D
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ING
32.9
38.
RHO
DE IS
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D32
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NES
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32.7
41.
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ZON
A32
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.M
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AIN
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ASS
ACHU
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S30
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EW Y
ORK
30.5
47.
FLO
RID A
29.8
48.
HAW
AII
29.0
49.
LOU
ISIA
NA
28.6
50.
ALA
SKA
26.1
51.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A20
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EDIA
N35
.4R A
NG
E19
.9SD
EV.
3.9
CV
11.2
U.S.
Cen
sus B
ureau
(201
0d).
H-5.
STAT
E & LO
CAL G
OVT.
EXPE
NDITU
RES F
OR A
LL ED
UCAT
ION
AS%
OF D
IREC
T GEN
ERAL
EXPE
NDITU
RES,
ALL F
UNCT
IONS
, 200
7–08
1.A
LASK
A99
2.VE
RMO
NT
913.
NEW
MEX
ICO
894.
UTA
H84
5.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A83
WYO
MIN
G83
7.A
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MA
82W
EST
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INI A
829.
DEL
AWAR
E81
10.
MIC
HIG
AN80
11.
MIS
SISS
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7912
.KE
NTU
CKY
7713
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WA
7614
.A
RKAN
SAS
75G
EORG
I A75
16.
MO
NTA
NA
74O
HI O
7418
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ISC
ON
SIN
731 9
.N
EBRA
SKA
7120
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UIS
IAN
A70
21.
INDI
ANA
69N
EW Y
ORK
69N
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H C
ARO
LINA
69N
ORT
H D
AKO
T A69
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GO
N69
26.
NEW
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E Y68
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AHO
MA
68TE
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68UN
ITED
STA
TES
67
29.
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SAS
67RH
ODE
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ND
6731
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AIN
E66
32.
MIN
NES
OT A
65PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A65
VIRG
INI A
6535
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ALIF
ORN
IA64
MIS
SOUR
I64
37.
ARI
ZON
A63
IDAH
O63
MA
RYLA
ND
63W
ASHI
NG
TON
6341
.H
AWA
II62
42.
CO
LORA
DO
59ILL
INO
IS59
NEV
ADA
59N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E59
46.
TEN
NES
SEE
5747
.FL
ORI
D A56
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A56
49.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T55
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A55
51.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
52M
EDIA
N68
R AN
GE
47SD
EV.
10C
V15
U.S.
Cen
sus B
ureau
(201
0d).
H-4.
STAT
E & LO
CAL G
OVT.
EXPE
NDITU
RES F
OR A
LL ED
UCAT
ION,
2007
–08,
PER
$1,0
00 O
F PER
SONA
L INC
OME I
N 20
08 ($
)
54 Rankings of the States 2010
1.N
EW JE
RSEY
16,2
53*
2.N
EW Y
ORK
16,1
02*
3.VE
RMO
NT
15,3
15*
4.W
YOM
ING
14,7
395.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D14
,657
*6.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
14,5
90*
7.C
ON
NEC
TICUT
13,9
71*
8.M
AIN
E13
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*9.
MA
RYLA
ND
13,4
68*
10.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A13
,331
*11
.D
ELAW
ARE
13,0
39*
12.
HAW
AII
12,4
28*
13.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
12,3
11*
14.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
12,1
64*
15.
MIC
HIG
AN11
,193
*16
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
11,0
73*
17.
MIN
NES
OTA
10,9
96*
18.
ILLIN
OIS
10,9
24*
19.
ALA
SKA
10,9
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20.
VIRG
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10,7
82*
21.
WES
T VI
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IA10
,747
*22
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UIS
IAN
A10
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*23
.A
RKAN
SAS
10,3
45*
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ITED
STA
TES
10,
313
24.
NO
RTH
DAK
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10,2
85*
25.
NEW
MEX
ICO
10,2
66*
26.
GEO
RGIA
10,1
67*
27.
ORE
GO
N10
,129
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864
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DIAN
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780
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TON
9,68
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31.
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TH C
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9,45
0*
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338
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ON
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331
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9,26
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36.
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9,22
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37.
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203
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EBRA
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9,15
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39.
ALA
BAM
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UTH
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8,84
9*
41.
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8,79
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42.
MIS
SOUR
I8,
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ORT
H C
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8,76
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44.
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610
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NN
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7,73
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47.
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MA
7,72
0*
48.
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ADA
7,61
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49.
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SISS
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7,48
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50.
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H6,
564
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RIZO
NA
5,93
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IAN
10,1
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456
CV
23
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
K–12
=
"Ele
menta
ry a
nd S
econ
dary
" (se
e G
lossa
ry).
H-9.
CURR
ENT E
XPEN
DITU
RES F
OR P
UBLIC
K–1
2 SC
HOOL
SPE
R ST
UDEN
T IN
FALL
ENRO
LLME
NT, 2
008–
09 (R
EVISE
D) ($
)1.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A3,
544
2.A
LASK
A3,
260
3.W
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ING
2,82
84.
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EY2,
769
5.N
EW Y
ORK
2,62
66.
CO
NN
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336
7.VE
RMO
NT
2 ,22
78.
MA
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ND
2,07
29.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D2,
060
10.
DEL
AWAR
E1 ,
969
11.
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1,96
012
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ALIF
ORN
IA1,
923
13.
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RGI A
1,92
2M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S1 ,
922
15.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NI A
1,90
416
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E1 ,
895
17.
TEXA
S1 ,
868
18.
MIN
NES
OT A
1,86
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STA
TES
1,86
019
.O
HIO
1,84
020
.N
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1,80
021
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ICH
IGAN
1,79
822
.N
EW M
EXIC
O1,
793
WIS
CO
NSI
N1 ,
793
24.
ILLIN
OIS
1 ,78
2N
EVAD
A1,
782
26.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
1 ,76
827
.H
AWA
II1,
746
28.
MA
INE
1 ,73
129
.IO
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1,72
930
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
1,71
631
.C
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RAD
O1 ,
710
32.
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NA
1 ,70
333
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NSA
S1 ,
698
34.
FLO
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1,66
335
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LABA
MA
1,66
036
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ISSO
URI
1,61
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REG
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1,61
338
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39.
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NTA
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1,58
840
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RKAN
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1,56
141
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1,55
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843
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1 ,48
346
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461
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460
48.
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413
49.
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A1,
405
50.
TEN
NES
SEE
1,34
451
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AHO
1,26
5M
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N1 ,
768
R AN
GE
2,27
9SD
EV.
450
CV
24
U.S.
Cen
sus B
ureau
(201
0d).
K–12
= "E
leme
ntary
and
Sec
onda
ry" (
see
Glo
ssary
).
H-8.
PER
CAPI
TA EX
PEND
ITURE
S OF S
TATE
& LO
CAL
GOVE
RNM
ENTS
FOR
PUBL
IC K–
12 SC
HOOL
S, 20
07–0
8 ($
)1.
WYO
MIN
G1,
194
2.N
ORT
H D
AKO
TA1,
191
3.VE
RMO
NT
1,11
94.
DEL
AWAR
E1,
105
5.U
T AH
1,07
96.
IOW
A1,
029
7.N
EW M
EXIC
O1,
006
8.A
LASK
A1,
004
9.A
LABA
MA
994
10.
MIC
HIG
AN94
511
.N
EBRA
SKA
932
12.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A93
113
.KA
NSA
S90
114
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
883
15.
MO
NTA
NA
865
16.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
863
ORE
GO
N86
318
.M
ARY
LAN
D85
6O
KLAH
OM
A85
620
.VI
RGIN
IA85
521
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
850
22.
HAW
AII
845
23.
CA
LIFO
RNI A
803
KEN
TUC
KY80
325
.M
INN
ESO
T A79
426
.C
OLO
RAD
O77
1TE
XAS
771
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA77
129
.LO
UIS
IAN
A76
930
.IN
DIAN
A76
731
.A
RKAN
SAS
758
32.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
736
UN
ITED
STA
TES
734
33.
IDAH
O71
634
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HI O
680
35.
CO
NN
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UT65
636
.A
RIZO
NA
654
37.
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA64
638
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INO
IS64
239
.M
ISSO
URI
639
40.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
621
41.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NI A
607
42.
NEW
JERS
EY60
643
.N
EW Y
ORK
593
44.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
581
45.
MA
INE
579
46.
GEO
RGI A
568
47.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D55
648
.N
EVAD
A54
849
.TE
NN
ESSE
E50
750
.FL
ORI
D A46
051
.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
217
MED
IAN
771
R AN
GE
977
SDEV
.19
8C
V25
Com
pute
d fro
m U.
S. C
ensu
s Bur
eau
(201
0d)
.
H-7.
PER
CAPI
TA ST
ATE &
LOCA
L GOV
ERNM
ENT
EXPE
NDITU
RES F
OR H
IGHE
R ED
UCAT
ION,
2007
–08
($)
Series H – School Expenditures 55
1.N
EW JE
RSEY
160.
3*
2.N
EW Y
ORK
159.
9*
3.VE
RMO
NT
154.
1*
4.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
145.
3*
5.W
YOM
ING
145.
06.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
139.
57.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T13
6.7
*8.
MA
INE
134.
6*
MA
RYLA
ND
134.
6*
10.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A12
7.7
*11
.D
ELAW
ARE
127.
5*
12.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
122.
6*
13.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
120.
2*
14.
MIC
HIG
AN10
9.5
*15
.H
AWA
II10
8.8
16.
ILLIN
OIS
108.
2*
17.
MIN
NES
OTA
108.
1*
18.
WIS
CO
NSI
N10
8.0
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.VI
RGIN
IA10
6.7
*20
.A
RKAN
SAS
105.
5*
21.
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA10
4.3
*22
.A
LASK
A10
3.9
*23
.N
EW M
EXIC
O10
2.1
*24
.LO
UIS
IAN
A10
1.5
25.
GEO
RGI A
100.
1*
UN
ITED
STA
TES
100.0
*26
.O
REG
ON
99.0
27.
INDI
ANA
95.6
28.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N93
.529
.N
EBRA
SKA
92.2
30.
CO
LORA
DO
91.0
31.
MO
NTA
NA
90.8
*32
.KE
NTU
CKY
90.7
33.
OH
IO90
.0*
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
90.0
35.
IOW
A89
.336
.KA
NSA
S87
.537
.TE
XAS
87.2
38.
MIS
SOUR
I85
.7*
39.
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA85
.2*
40.
ALA
BAM
A85
.041
.FL
ORI
D A84
.742
.C
ALIF
ORN
IA83
.6*
43.
NO
RTH
DAK
OTA
80.7
44.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A80
.645
.TE
NN
ESSE
E77
.5*
46.
OKL
AHO
MA
75.3
*47
.ID
AHO
74.4
*48
.N
EVAD
A73
.8*
49.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
73.2
*50
.U
TAH
64.8
*51
.A
RIZO
NA
58.3
*M
EDIA
N99
.0R A
NG
E10
2.0
SDEV
.24
.9C
V24
.2
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
K–12
=
"Ele
menta
ry a
nd S
econ
dary
."
H-12
. CUR
RENT
EXPE
NDITU
RES F
OR P
UBLIC
K–1
2 SCH
OOLS
PER
STUD
ENT I
N FA
LL EN
R AS
% O
F NAT
IONA
L AVG
., 20
09–1
01.
NEW
JERS
EY16
,967
*2.
NEW
YO
RK16
,922
*3.
VERM
ON
T16
,308
*4.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D15
,384
*5.
WYO
MIN
G15
,345
6.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S14
,766
7.C
ON
NEC
TICU T
14,4
72*
8.M
AIN
E14
,247
*9.
MA
RYLA
ND
14,2
44*
10.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A13
,519
*11
.D
ELAW
ARE
13,4
96*
12.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
12,9
79*
13.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
12,7
28*
14.
MIC
HIG
AN11
,595
*15
.H
AWA
II11
,521
16.
ILLIN
OIS
11,4
57*
17.
MIN
NES
OTA
11,4
47*
18.
WIS
CO
NSI
N11
,429
*19
.VI
RGIN
IA11
,290
*20
.A
RKAN
SAS
11,1
71*
21.
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA11
,043
*22
.A
LASK
A11
,000
*23
.N
EW M
EXIC
O10
,812
*24
.LO
UIS
IAN
A10
,750
25.
GEO
RGI A
10,5
94*
UN
ITED
STA
TES
10,
586
*26
.O
REG
ON
10,4
7627
.IN
DIAN
A10
,120
28.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N9,
900
29.
NEB
RASK
A9 ,
760
30.
CO
LORA
DO
9 ,63
131
.M
ON
TAN
A9 ,
613
*32
.KE
NTU
CKY
9,60
333
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A9 ,
531
34.
OH
I O9,
528
*35
.IO
WA
9,45
536
.KA
NSA
S9,
264
37.
TEXA
S9,
227
38.
MIS
SOUR
I9,
076
*39
.SO
UTH
DAK
OTA
9,02
1*
40.
ALA
BAM
A9,
001
41.
FLO
RID A
8,96
342
.C
ALIF
ORN
IA8,
846
*43
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
TA8,
541
44.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A8 ,
529
45.
TEN
NES
SEE
8 ,19
9*
46.
OKL
AHO
MA
7,96
8*
47.
IDAH
O7,
875
*48
.N
EVAD
A7,
813
*49
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I7,
752
*50
.U
TAH
6,85
9*
51.
ARI
ZON
A6,
170
*M
EDIA
N10
,476
R AN
GE
10,7
97SD
EV.
2,63
8C
V24
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
K–12
=
"Ele
menta
ry a
nd S
econ
dary
" (se
e G
lossa
ry).
H-11
. CUR
RENT
EXPE
NDITU
RES F
OR P
UBLIC
K–1
2 SCH
OOLS
PER
STUD
ENT I
N FA
LL EN
ROLL
MENT
, 200
9–10
($)
1.N
EW JE
RSEY
157.
6*
2.N
EW Y
ORK
156.
1*
3.VE
RMO
NT
148.
5*
4.W
YOM
ING
142.
95.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D14
2.1
*6.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
141.
57.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T13
5.5
8.M
AIN
E13
1.0
*9.
MA
RYLA
ND
130.
610
.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
129.
3*
11.
DEL
AWAR
E12
6.4
*12
.H
AWA
II12
0.5
13.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
119.
414
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A11
8.0
15.
MIC
HIG
AN10
8.5
*16
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
107.
417
.M
INN
ESO
T A10
6.6
*18
.ILL
INO
IS10
5.9
1 9.
ALA
SKA
105.
7*
20.
VIRG
INIA
104.
521
.W
EST
VIRG
INIA
104.
2*
22.
LOU
ISIA
NA
103.
023
.A
RKAN
SAS
100.
3*
UN
ITED
STA
TES
100.0
*24
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
T A99
.725
.N
EW M
EXIC
O99
.526
.G
EORG
I A98
.6*
27.
ORE
GO
N98
.228
.KA
NSA
S95
. 729
.IN
DIAN
A94
.830
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
93.9
31.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
91.6
32.
OH
I O90
.733
.C
OLO
RAD
O90
.5M
ON
TAN
A90
.5*
35.
KEN
TUC
KY89
.836
.C
ALIF
ORN
IA89
.437
.IO
WA
89.2
38.
NEB
RASK
A88
.739
.A
LABA
MA
87.0
40.
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA85
.841
.FL
ORI
D A85
.242
.M
ISSO
URI
85.0
*N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
85.0
44.
TEXA
S83
.545
.TE
NN
ESSE
E77
.146
.ID
AHO
75.0
*47
.O
KLAH
OM
A74
.948
.N
EVAD
A73
.8*
49.
MIS
SISS
IPPI
72.6
*50
.U
TAH
63.6
51.
ARI
ZON
A57
.5*
MED
IAN
98.6
R AN
GE
100.
1SD
EV.
23.8
CV
23.1
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
K–12
=
"Ele
menta
ry a
nd S
econ
dary
" (se
e G
lossa
ry).
H-10
. CUR
RENT
EXPE
NDITU
RES F
OR P
UBLIC
K–1
2 SCH
OOLS
PER
STUD
ENT I
N FA
LL EN
R AS
% O
F NAT
. AVG
., 200
8–09
(REV
.)
56 Rankings of the States 2010
1.VE
RMO
NT
173.
4*
2.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
147.
9*
3.N
EW JE
RSEY
146.
6*
4.W
YOM
ING
144.
45.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
142.
26.
DEL
AWAR
E13
4.0
*7.
MA
INE
133.
7*
8.N
EW Y
ORK
132.
3*
9.M
ARY
LAN
D13
1.4
10.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T12
9.3
11.
HAW
AII
123.
012
.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
122.
3*
13.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
120.
4*
14.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
118.
0*
15.
ARK
ANSA
S11
4.7
*16
.A
LASK
A11
1.9
*17
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
110.
018
.M
ICH
IGAN
108.
9*
19.
ILLIN
OIS
108.
3*
20.
MIN
NES
OTA
107.
0*
21.
VIRG
INIA
106.
822
.W
EST
VIRG
INIA
105.
8*
23.
ORE
GO
N10
5.5
24.
LOU
ISIA
NA
104.
725
.KA
NSA
S10
3.8
26.
MO
NTA
NA
102.
5*
UN
ITED
STA
TES
100.0
*27
.N
EW M
EXIC
O99
.228
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
T A99
.129
.O
HI O
99.0
30.
GEO
RGI A
97.1
*31
.IN
DIAN
A96
.432
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
95.4
33.
IOW
A92
.8KE
NTU
CKY
92.8
35.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
92.6
36.
CO
LORA
DO
92.3
NEB
RASK
A92
.338
.TE
NN
ESSE
E90
.739
.C
ALIF
ORN
IA86
.940
.FL
ORI
DA86
.041
.A
LABA
MA
85.5
MIS
SOUR
I85
.5*
43.
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA84
.844
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
84.1
45.
TEXA
S83
.846
.O
KLAH
OM
A75
.647
.ID
AHO
75.5
*48
.U
TAH
74.7
*49
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I71
.7*
50.
NEV
ADA
71.3
*51
.A
RIZO
NA
58.6
*M
EDIA
N10
2.5
R AN
GE
114.
9SD
EV.
23.3
CV
22.2
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
K–12
=
"Ele
menta
ry a
nd S
econ
dary
" (se
e G
lossa
ry).
H-15
. CUR
RENT
EXPE
NDITU
RES F
OR P
UBLIC
K–1
2 SCH
OOLS
PER
STUD
ENT I
N AD
A AS %
OF N
AT. A
VG.,
2008
–09 (
REVI
SED)
1.VE
RMO
NT
18,9
13*
2.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
16,1
27*
3.N
EW JE
RSEY
15,9
83*
4.W
YOM
ING
15,7
425.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
15,5
026.
DEL
AWAR
E14
,612
*7.
MA
INE
14,5
76*
8.N
EW Y
ORK
14,4
29*
9.M
ARY
LAN
D14
,325
10.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T14
,099
11.
HAW
AII
13,4
1712
.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
13,3
31*
13.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
13,1
30*
14.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
12,8
65*
15.
ARK
ANSA
S12
,512
*16
.A
LASK
A12
,198
*17
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
11,9
9818
.M
ICH
IGAN
11,8
74*
19.
ILLIN
OIS
11,8
11*
20.
MIN
NES
OTA
11,6
63*
21.
VIRG
INIA
11,6
4322
.W
EST
VIRG
INIA
11,5
37*
23.
ORE
GO
N11
,501
24.
LOU
ISIA
NA
11,4
1325
.KA
NSA
S11
,324
26.
MO
NTA
NA
11,1
80*
UN
ITED
STA
TES
10,
905
*27
.N
EW M
EXIC
O10
,819
28.
NO
RTH
DAK
OT A
10,8
0529
.O
HI O
10,7
9630
.G
EORG
I A10
,590
*31
.IN
DIAN
A10
,514
32.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N10
,399
33.
KEN
TUC
KY10
,117
34.
IOW
A10
,116
35.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
10,0
9336
.C
OLO
RAD
O10
,069
37.
NEB
RASK
A10
,063
38.
TEN
NES
SEE
9,89
439
.C
ALIF
ORN
IA9,
472
40.
FLO
RIDA
9,37
441
.A
LABA
MA
9 ,32
142
.M
ISSO
URI
9,31
8*
43.
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA9,
243
44.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A9 ,
175
45.
TEXA
S9 ,
143
46.
OKL
AHO
MA
8,24
947
.ID
AHO
8,23
0*
48.
UTA
H8,
141
*49
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I7,
814
*50
.N
EVAD
A7,
777
*51
.A
RIZO
NA
6,38
5*
MED
IAN
11,1
80R A
NG
E12
,528
SDEV
.2,
545
CV
22
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
K–12
=
"Ele
menta
ry a
nd S
econ
dary
" (se
e G
lossa
ry).
H-14
. CUR
RENT
EXPE
NDITU
RES F
OR P
UBLIC
K–1
2 SCH
OOLS
PER
STUD
ENT I
N AD
A, 20
08–0
9 (RE
VISE
D) ($
)1.
VERM
ON
T53
*2.
MIC
HIG
AN52
*3.
MA
INE
51*
4.W
EST
VIRG
INIA
51*
5.N
EW JE
RSEY
48*
6.N
EW M
EXIC
O47
7.G
EORG
I A47
8.A
RKAN
SAS
47*
9.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
4610
.A
LASK
A46
*11
.N
EW Y
ORK
45*
12.
WYO
MIN
G44
13.
INDI
ANA
4414
.D
ELAW
ARE
44W
ISC
ON
SIN
4416
.KE
NTU
CKY
43SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A43
18.
ALA
BAM
A43
1 9.
OH
IO42
20.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
4121
.ILL
INO
IS41
22.
IDAH
O41
23.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
4124
.TE
XAS
4125
.KA
NSA
S40
26.
LOU
ISIA
NA
40UN
ITED
STA
TES
40
*27
.M
ARY
LAN
D40
28.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
40O
REG
ON
4030
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I39
*31
.H
AWA
II39
32.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T39
MIN
NES
OT A
39*
34.
CO
LORA
DO
38U
T AH
3836
.C
ALIF
ORN
IA38
IOW
A38
MO
NTA
NA
38*
39.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A37
40.
VIRG
INI A
3741
.O
KLAH
OM
A37
42.
NEB
RASK
A36
43.
MIS
SOUR
I35
*44
.TE
NN
ESSE
E34
45.
SOU
TH D
AKO
T A33
46.
FLO
RID A
3347
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
3248
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
T A31
49.
NEV
ADA
30*
50.
ARI
ZON
A27
*51
.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
25*
MED
IAN
40R A
NG
E29
SDEV
.6
CV
15
Bure
au o
f Eco
nomi
c Ana
lysis
(20
10) a
nd N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Da
taba
se (2
010
). K–
12 =
"Ele
men
tary
and
Sec
onda
ry."
H-13
. CUR
RENT
EXPE
NDITU
RES F
OR P
UBLIC
K–1
2 SCH
OOLS
200
7–08
, PER
$1,0
00 O
F PER
SONA
L INC
OME,
2008
($)
Series H – School Expenditures 57
1.W
YOM
ING
220
2.VI
RGIN
IA17
03.
ALA
SKA
164
4.D
ELAW
ARE
148
5.A
LABA
MA
142
6.ID
AHO
135
7.N
EBRA
SKA
126
8.M
ON
TAN
A12
29.
NO
RTH
DAK
OT A
120
10.
OKL
AHO
MA
119
11.
KEN
TUC
KY11
812
.C
ALIF
ORN
IA11
413
.C
ON
NEC
TICU T
113
14.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N10
615
.M
ICH
IGAN
105
16.
TEXA
S10
417
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A10
318
.C
OLO
RAD
O10
2W
EST
VIRG
INIA
102
20.
VERM
ON
T99
21.
IOW
A98
22.
ORE
GO
N97
23.
NEV
ADA
9624
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I94
25.
MIN
NES
OT A
91UN
ITED
STA
TES
89
26.
ARI
ZON
A88
27.
UTA
H87
WIS
CO
NSI
N87
29.
ARK
ANSA
S85
GEO
RGIA
85M
ARY
LAN
D85
32.
NEW
MEX
ICO
8033
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
7934
.KA
NSA
S78
35.
INDI
ANA
7536
.M
ISSO
URI
7437
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
IA72
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA72
39.
OH
IO71
40.
NEW
YO
RK69
41.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
6542
.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S64
43.
LOU
ISIA
NA
6244
.M
AIN
E60
45.
FLO
RID A
5846
.ILL
INO
IS54
47.
NEW
JERS
E Y53
48.
TEN
NES
SEE
3949
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
1150
.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
751
.H
AWA
II0
MED
IAN
88R A
NG
E22
0SD
EV.
39C
V43
U.S.
Cen
sus B
ureau
(201
0d).
H-18
. PER
CAPI
TA ST
ATE &
LOCA
L GOV
ERNM
ENT C
APITA
LSP
ENDI
NG FO
R HI
GHER
EDUC
ATIO
N IN
STITU
TIONS
, 200
7–08
($)
1.VE
RMO
NT
183.
0*
2.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
160.
4*
3.W
YOM
ING
149.
24.
NEW
JERS
EY14
7.4
*5.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
140.
66.
MA
INE
137.
9*
7.N
EW Y
ORK
133.
0*
8.D
ELAW
ARE
132.
7*
9.C
ON
NEC
TICUT
129.
3*
10.
MA
RYLA
ND
128.
0*
11.
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
124.
3*
12.
ARK
ANSA
S12
3.5
*13
.D
ISTR
ICT
OF
CO
LUM
BIA
121.
3*
14.
PEN
NSY
LVA
NIA
120.
6*
15.
MIC
HIG
AN11
3.0
*16
.H
AWA
II11
2.3
17.
WIS
CO
NSI
N11
1.5
*18
.A
LASK
A11
0.9
*19
.ILL
INO
IS11
0.0
*20
.VI
RGIN
IA10
9.7
*21
.M
INN
ESO
TA10
8.8
*22
.W
EST
VIRG
INIA
107.
3*
23.
ORE
GO
N10
5.8
24.
MO
NTA
NA
105.
4*
25.
NEW
MEX
ICO
105.
1*
26.
LOU
ISIA
NA
103.
6UN
ITED
STA
TES
100.0
*27
.G
EORG
IA99
.0*
28.
OH
IO98
.3*
29.
NEB
RASK
A96
.830
.IN
DIAN
A96
.331
.IO
WA
94.9
*32
.W
ASHI
NG
TON
94.5
33.
CO
LORA
DO
93.2
34.
SOU
TH C
ARO
LINA
91. 7
35.
KEN
TUC
KY91
.236
.TE
XAS
89.1
37.
KAN
SAS
88.0
MIS
SOUR
I88
.0*
39.
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA86
.0*
40.
ALA
BAM
A85
.3FL
ORI
D A85
.342
.N
ORT
H D
AKO
TA83
.643
.C
ALIF
ORN
I A81
.844
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
81.5
45.
TEN
NES
SEE
78.4
46.
UTA
H78
.1*
47.
OKL
AHO
MA
76.8
*48
.ID
AHO
75.4
*49
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I72
.6*
50.
NEV
ADA
69.6
*51
.A
RIZO
NA
58.0
*M
EDIA
N10
3.6
R AN
GE
125.
0SD
EV.
25.1
CV
23.8
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
K–12
=
"Ele
menta
ry a
nd S
econ
dary
" (se
e G
lossa
ry).
H-17
. CUR
RENT
EXPE
NDITU
RES F
OR P
UBLIC
K–1
2 SCH
OOLS
PER
STUD
ENT I
N AD
A AS %
OF N
ATIO
NAL A
VERA
GE, 2
009–
101.
VERM
ON
T20
,396
*2.
RHO
DE IS
LAN
D17
,879
*3.
WYO
MIN
G16
,628
4.N
EW JE
RSEY
16,4
29*
5.M
ASS
ACHU
SETT
S15
,666
6.M
AIN
E15
,367
*7.
NEW
YO
RK14
,819
*8.
DEL
AWAR
E14
,792
*9.
CO
NN
ECTIC
UT14
,412
*10
.M
ARY
LAN
D14
,268
*11
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E13
,857
*12
.A
RKAN
SAS
13,7
65*
13.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A13
,519
*14
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
IA13
,437
*15
.M
ICH
IGAN
12,5
96*
16.
HAW
AII
12,5
1417
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
12,4
25*
18.
ALA
SKA
12,3
55*
19.
ILLIN
OIS
12,2
58*
20.
VIRG
INIA
12,2
25*
21.
MIN
NES
OTA
12,1
20*
22.
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA11
,956
*23
.O
REG
ON
11,7
9224
.M
ON
TAN
A11
,747
*25
.N
EW M
EXIC
O11
,710
*26
.LO
UIS
IAN
A11
,545
UN
ITED
STA
TES
11,
144
*27
.G
EORG
IA11
,036
*28
.O
HIO
10,9
58*
29.
NEB
RASK
A10
,791
30.
INDI
ANA
10,7
2831
.IO
WA
10,5
71*
32.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N10
,527
33.
CO
LORA
DO
10,3
8534
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A10
,224
35.
KEN
TUC
KY10
,163
36.
TEXA
S9,
925
37.
MIS
SOUR
I9,
811
*38
.KA
NSA
S9,
804
39.
SOU
TH D
AKO
TA9,
588
*40
.FL
ORI
DA9,
501
41.
ALA
BAM
A9 ,
500
42.
NO
RTH
DAK
OTA
9,31
143
.C
ALIF
ORN
I A9,
118
44.
NO
RTH
CA
ROLIN
A9 ,
082
45.
TEN
NES
SEE
8 ,74
246
.U
TAH
8 ,70
4*
47.
OKL
AHO
MA
8,55
8*
48.
IDAH
O8,
404
*49
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I8,
094
*50
.N
EVAD
A7,
757
*51
.A
RIZO
NA
6,46
1*
MED
IAN
11,5
45R A
NG
E13
,934
SDEV
.2,
797
CV
24
Com
pute
d fro
m N
EA R
esea
rch,
Estim
ates
Dat
abas
e (20
10).
K–12
=
"Ele
menta
ry a
nd S
econ
dary
" (se
e G
lossa
ry).
H-16
. CUR
RENT
EXPE
NDITU
RES F
OR P
UBLIC
K–1
2 SCH
OOLS
PER
STUD
ENT I
N AD
A, 20
09–1
0 ($)
58 Rankings of the States 2010 1.
DIS
TRIC
T O
F C
OLU
MBI
A78
62.
WYO
MIN
G58
13.
ALA
SKA
447
4.N
EVAD
A40
75.
UT A
H34
06.
TEXA
S33
47.
FLO
RID A
327
8.N
EW JE
RSE Y
295
9.N
EW M
EXIC
O28
710
.G
EORG
I A27
911
.D
ELAW
ARE
277
12.
WAS
HIN
GTO
N27
413
.SO
UTH
CA
ROLIN
A26
414
.C
ALIF
ORN
I A25
515
.N
EBRA
SKA
249
16.
NEW
YO
RK24
617
.A
RIZO
NA
241
18.
MA
RYLA
ND
239
VIR G
INIA
239
20.
CO
LORA
DO
234
UN
ITED
STA
TES
231
21.
IOW
A22
4O
HIO
224
23.
CO
NN
ECTIC
U T22
024
.M
INN
ESO
T A21
825
.PE
NN
SYLV
AN
I A20
526
.ILL
INO
IS19
827
.N
ORT
H C
ARO
LINA
191
28.
MIS
SOUR
I18
129
.KE
NTU
CKY
179
30.
LOU
ISIA
NA
177
31.
ALA
BAM
A17
532
.O
REG
ON
164
33.
ARK
ANSA
S16
234
.KA
NSA
S15
335
.IN
DIAN
A14
836
.M
ON
TAN
A14
737
.H
AWA
II14
438
.SO
UTH
DAK
OTA
143
39.
NO
RTH
DAK
OTA
138
WES
T VI
RGIN
IA13
841
.VE
RMO
NT
135
42.
MIC
HIG
AN13
143
.M
ISSI
SSIPP
I12
844
.O
KLAH
OM
A12
6TE
NN
ESSE
E12
646
.N
EW H
AMPS
HIR
E12
547
.W
ISC
ON
SIN
123
48.
MA
SSAC
HUSE
TTS
102
49.
MA
INE
8750
.RH
ODE
ISLA
ND
7251
.ID
AHO
61M
EDIA
N19
8R A
NG
E72
4SD
EV.
126
CV
57
U.S.
Cen
sus B
ureau
(201
0d).
K–12
= "E
leme
ntary
and
Sec
onda
ry" (
see
Glo
ssary
).
H-19
. PE
R CA
PITA
STAT
E & LO
CAL G
OVER
NMEN
T CAP
ITAL
SPEN
DING
FOR
PUBL
IC K–
12 SC
HOOL
S, 20
07–0
8 ($)
59
Index to Rankings Tables Numbers refer to tables
Average daily attendance
expenditures per student, H-14, H-15, H-16, H-17 expenditures per student as percentage of national average, H-15,
H-17 number, B-4 percentage of fall enrollment, B-5 personal income per student, D-8 students per teacher, C-7 school revenue per student, F-3, F-4
Capital outlay per capita state and local government capital spending for higher
education institutions, H-18 per capita state and local government capital spending for public
elementary and secondary schools, H-19 state and local government expenditures, per capita, G-10
Corrections state and local government expenditures, per capita, G-8
Enrollment average daily attendance as percentage of, B-5 fall, B-2 percentage change, B-3
Expenditures capital outlay, per capita, G-10 corrections, per capita, G-8 education, as percentage of total general expenditures, H-5 education, per capita, H-1, H-3, H-7, H-8, H-18, H-19 education, per $1,000 of personal income, H-2, H-4 general state government, per capita, G-1 general state government, per $1,000 of personal income, G-2 general state-local government, per capita, G-3 general state-local government/$1,000 of personal income, G-4 health and hospitals, per capita, G-6 higher education, per capita, H-7 highways, per capita, G-9 police and fire protection, per capita, G-7 ratio of state and local general revenue to total general government
expenditures, G-12 school, per student in average daily attendance, H-14 through
H-17 school, per $1,000 of personal income, H-13 school, per student in fall enrollment, H-6 through H-12 welfare, per capita, G-5
Farm income per capita gross, D-10
Federal government percentage of school revenue from, F-11, F-12
Fire protection See Police and fire protection
Health and hospitals state and local government expenditures, per capita, G-6
Higher education capital spending, state and local government, per capita, H-18 instructional staff, C-2, C-3 instructional staff, density, C-3 local expenditures for, percentage of state and local expenditures,
H-6 noninstructional staff, density, C-4 state and local expenditures for, per capita, H-7
High school graduates number of, B-6 percentage change in, B-7
Highways state and local government expenditures for, per capita, G-9
Income See Farm income per capita; Personal income
Instructional staff number in higher education, C-2 number in public schools, C-1 salaries, C-16 through C-22 salaries, increase in, C-20, C-21, C-22 salaries, percentage of national average, C-17, C-19
Interest on debt state and local government expenditures for, per capita, G-11
Local and state governments combined See State and local governments combined
Local governments percentage of school revenue from, F-7, F-8 percentage of combined state and local expenditures for public
higher education, H-6 property tax revenue, per capita, E-6 school revenue, as percentage of state-local, F-13 tax revenue, per capita, E-10
Male teachers percentage of all teachers, C-8
Noninstructional staff numbers in higher education per 10,000 population, C-4
Personal income general own-source revenue of state and local governments per $1,000 of, E-2 per capita, D-3 per capita change, D-5, D-6 per capita, percentage of national average, D-4 per student in average daily attendance, D-8 percentage from government enterprises, D-9 school expenditures per $1,000 of, H-13 school revenue per $1,000 of, F-5 state and local expenditures for education per $1,000 of, H-4 state and local government general expenditures per $1,000 of, G-4 state and local property tax revenue per $1,000 of, E-8 state and local school revenue per $1,000 of, F-6 state and local tax revenue per $1,000 of, E-4 state general expenditures per $1,000 of, G-2
60 Rankings of the States 2010
percent change, total, D-2 per student, fall enrollment, D-7 state general sales tax revenue per $1,000 of, E-15 state income tax revenue per $1,000 of, E-14 state tax revenue per $1,000 of, E-11 total, D-1
Police and fire protection state and local government expenditures, per capita, G-7
Police protection See Police and fire protection
Population age 18 to 64 as percentage of total, A-8 age 65 and older as percentage of total, A-9 age 65 and older, percentage increase, A-10 density, A-11 school age, A-5 school age, percentage of total, A-6 total, A-1, A-2 total, percentage change in, A-3, A-4 under age 18 as percentage of total, A-7
Public welfare state and local government expenditures, per capita, G-5
Students per teacher C-6, C-7
Revenue ratio of state and local general revenue to total general government
expenditures, G-12 school, per $1,000 of personal income, F-5 school, per student in average daily attendance, F-3, F-4 state and local governments combined, per capita, E-1 of state and local governments from own sources, per $1,000 of
personal income, E-2 See also School revenue; Tax revenue, state, local, and state and
local combined Salaries
instructional staff, C-16 through C-22 instructional staff, increase in, C-20, C-21, C-22 instructional staff, percentage of national average, C-17, C-19 teachers, C-9 through C-15 teachers, increase in, C-13, C-14, C-15 teachers, percentage of national average, C-10, C-12
School age population number, A-5 percentage of total population, A-6 personal income per child, D-7, D-8
School districts number of, B-1
School expenditures per student in average daily attendance, H-14, H-16 per student in average daily attendance as percentage of national
average, H-15, H-17 per student in fall enrollment, H-9 through H-12
School revenue local as percentage of state-local, F-13 percentage from federal government, F-11, F-12 percentage from local governments, F-7, F-8 percentage from state governments, F-9, F-10 per student in average daily attendance, F-3, F-4 per student in fall enrollment, F-1, F-2 per $1,000 of personal income, F-5 state and local, per $1,000 of personal income, F-6
Staff, instructional number in higher education, C-2 number in public schools, C-1
salaries, C-16 through C-22 salaries, increase in, C-20, C-21, C-22 salaries, percentage of national average, C-17, C-19
Staff, noninstructional number in higher education, C-4
State and local governments combined capital outlay expenditures per capita, G-10 capital spending for higher education institutions, per capita, H-18 capital spending for public elementary and secondary schools, per capita, H-19 corrections expenditures per capita, G-8 expenditures for all education as percentage of general expendi-
tures, H-5 expenditures for all education per capita, H-3 expenditures for all education per $1,000 of personal income, H-4 expenditures for higher education per capita, H-7 expenditures for K-12 public schools per capita, H-8 general expenditures per capita, G-3 general expenditures per $1,000 of personal income, G-4 general revenue per capita, E-1 health and hospital expenditures per capita, G-6 highway expenditures per capita, G-9 interest on debt expenditures per capita, G-11 police and fire protection expenditures per capita, G-7 property tax revenue as percentage of total tax revenue, E-7 property tax revenue per capita, E-5 property tax revenue per $1,000 of personal income, E-8 revenue per $1,000 of personal income, E-2 (revenues from own
sources, per $1,000 of personal income school revenue, local as percentage of state-local, F-13 school revenue per $1,000 of personal income, F-6 tax revenue per $1,000 of personal income, E-4 total tax revenue per capita, E-3 welfare expenditures per capita, G-5
State government expenditures for all education per capita, H-1 expenditures for all education per $1,000 of personal income, H-2 general expenditures per capita, G-1 general expenditures per $1,000 of personal income, G-2 general sales tax revenue per capita, E-13 general sales tax revenue per $1,000 of personal income, E-15 income tax revenue per capita, E-12 income tax revenue per $1,000 of personal income, E-14 percentage of school revenue from, F-9, F-10 tax revenue per capita, E-9 tax revenue per $1,000 of personal income, E-11
Tax revenue local, per capita, E-10 local, property tax revenue per capita, E-6 property tax revenue, state and local, as percentage of total tax
revenue, E-7 property tax revenue, state and local per capita, E-5 property tax revenue, state and local per $1,000 of personal in-
come, E-8 state, general sales tax revenue per capita, E-13 state, general sales tax revenue per $1,000 of personal income, E-15 state, income tax revenue per capita, E-12 state, income tax revenue per $1,000 of personal income, E-14 state, per capita, E-9 state, per $1,000 of personal income, E-11 total state and local, per capita, E-3 total state and local, per $1,000 of personal income, E-4
Index to Rankings Tables 61
Teachers number of, C-5 percentage male, C-8 students per teacher, C-6, C-7 salaries, C-9 through C-15 students ADA per teacher, C-7
Estimates 2011
64
Technical Notes
Estimates of School Statistics presents public school data for the 50 states and the District of Columbia based on sur-vey responses of state education agencies. State department of education contacts are asked to provide estimated data for the current year (2010–11) and revisions to four years of historical data, as necessary. Therefore, data for school years 2006–07 through 2009–10 were subject to revision as a result of the 2010–11 survey. The estimated data fea-tured in this report are for the current school year (2010–11) and the previous school year (2009–10). These data are provided on a state-by-state basis along with summary statistics for the United States over the last decade. All figures represent projections by state education agencies—or NEA Research—as of September 2010. Twice a year, NEA Research submits current-year estimates of more than 35 educational statistics to each state’s De-partment of Education for verification or revision. The figures submitted by NEA Research are generated using re-gression analyses, which are standard statistical techniques designed to make predictions for the current year using numerical data from prior years. Only if an education department does not replace these projections with its own es-timated data does the NEA use regression-generated figures in this report. Such NEA estimates are identified with an asterisk in the summary of state data and state-by-state tables. National totals for average daily membership (ADM) as well as ADM-related statistics are no longer included in this report because six states, comprising nearly 30 percent of total school enrollment, no longer provide these data. Indi-vidual state ADM data and regional totals are included as available. Because of the shortcomings of ADM as a state and nationwide count, ADM has been replaced by fall enrollment (ENR) in the computation of the expenditure per pupil featured in Summary Tables J and K. Moreover, expenditure per pupil in fall enrollment, rather than in Average Daily Attendance (ADA), has become the recommended indicator for measuring public school spending. We there-fore use it in this report. Please note that throughout this publication, school years may be indicated in several equivalent ways. More specifi- cally, the school year from September 2010 through June 2011 may be shown as “2010–11,” or it may be indicated by shorthand as “2011,” or “11.” Also, several state education agencies have provided additional information about the education data submitted for this report (see page 97). Finally, please note that school year 2000–01 is used as the base year for computation of most constant-dollar salary, revenue, and expenditure data.
65
Highlights of Significant Developments in Public School Statistics
• Public school enrollment is expected to increase by 21,000 students from 2009–10 to 2010–11. Changes in the elementary grades are estimated to be 16,791, whereas secondary classes are expected to enroll about 4,205 more students. Levels of public school enrollment anticipated during the 2010–11 school year repre-sent the 26th consecutive increase since 1985–86. Of course, changes in enrollment vary across the country, with considerable differences predicted from state to state and district to district.
• To meet the increasing and changing enrollment demands of local school districts, state education depart-ments expect the number of public school classroom teachers to increase by 23,000, from 2009–10 to 2010–11. Implications for local school district finances are varied. But clearly they may present serious challenges to existing school finance relationships at the state and local levels as districts prepare to meet needs gener-ated by increased enrollment and additional school personnel.
• Based on trends, the NEA estimates that the average classroom teacher salary for 2010–11 will increase by 1.6 percent over 2009–10, from $55,202 to $56,069. The national average salary, although useful as a benchmark statistic, hides vast differences among states, with statewide averages likewise clouding signifi-cant local variations.
• Expenditures per pupil in fall enrollment should increase by 2.3 percent to $10,826 in 2010–11, up from $10,586 in 2009–10. This compares with a 2.3 percent increase in total current expenditures.
• State governments still provide the largest share of public school financial support—45.8 percent estimated for 2010–11—up 0.4 percent from the revised figure of 45.3 percent in 2009–10. Once again, differences be-tween states are considerable, reflecting differences in state and local revenue systems, demographic charac-teristics, and program priorities, to name but a few factors.
• For 2010–11, the federal government’s contribution to public elementary and secondary school revenues is expected to be 10.5 percent, versus the revised figure of 11.1 percent in 2009–10.
66 Estimates of School Statistics 2011
2010–11 2009–10 Amount Percent2 3 4 5
Basic administrative unitsTotal districts 15,624 15,632 –8 –0.1
Operating districts 15,344 15,350 –6 –0.0Nonoperating districts 280 282 –2 –0.7
Student enrollmentFall total 49,162,463 49,141,467 20,996 0.0
Elementary 30,133,628 30,116,837 16,791 0.1Secondary 19,028,835 19,024,630 4,205 0.0
Average daily attendance 46,700,381 46,680,250 20,130 0.0Number of high school graduates 3,175,998 3,117,890 58,108 1.9Instructional staffTotal instructional staff (classroom teachers and others) 3,729,727 3,692,627 37,100 1.0
All classroom teachers 3,238,795 3,215,371 23,424 0.7Elementary school 1,895,006 1,875,716 19,290 1.0Secondary school 1,343,789 1,339,655 4,134 0.3Men teachers 774,724 770,118 4,605 0.6Women teachers 2,464,071 2,445,253 18,818 0.8
All other instructional staff 490,932 477,256 13,676 2.9Nonsupervisory instructional staff 283,795 273,802 9,993 3.6Principals and supervisors 207,137 203,454 3,683 1.8
Average annual salaries ($)Instructional staff 58,025 57,146 879 1.5All classroom teachers 56,069 55,202 867 1.6
Elementary school 55,864 54,918 946 1.7Secondary school 56,350 55,595 755 1.4
Receipts ($ thousands)Total receipts 632,412,181 618,612,785 13,799,396 2.2
Total revenue receipts 596,271,055 581,882,656 14,388,399 2.5Federal 62,628,361 64,848,761 –2,220,400 –3.4State 273,052,487 263,865,668 9,186,819 3.5Local, intermediate, and other 260,590,207 253,168,227 7,421,980 2.9
Total nonrevenue receipts 36,141,126 36,730,129 –589,003 –1.6Expenditures ($ thousands)Total expenditures 625,401,848 609,954,424 15,447,424 2.5Current expenditures, elementary and secondary day schools 532,223,619 520,209,431 12,014,188 2.3Current expenditures for other programs operated by localschool districts (e.g., community services, adult education) 12,052,678 11,993,992 58,686 0.5Capital outlay 60,500,369 58,008,788 2,491,581 4.3Interest on school debt 20,625,182 19,742,212 882,970 4.5Current expenditures, elementary and secondary day schools per pupilIn average daily attendance 11,397 11,144 253 2.3In fall enrollment 10,826 10,586 240 2.3
1
{{
School yearHighlight item
Change
Highlights Table 1. 2010–11 versus 2009–10: Estimates for 50 States and D.C.Statistics of Public Elementary and Secondary School Districts
Highlights 67
Region and state
U.S. and D.C. 596,271,055 * 533,642,694 * 51.2 * 43.7 * 532,223,619 * 10,826 58,025 * 56,069 *Alabama 7,708,230 6,376,735 * 66.4 * 27.8 * 7,026,567 * 9,483 50,162 * 48,282 *Alaska 1,428,694 1,249,960 * 72.6 * 24.0 * 1,471,406 * 11,147 72,601 61,093Arizona 10,282,861 9,478,162 * 57.4 * 39.3 * 6,908,908 * 6,448 46,752 * 47,553 *Arkansas 5,443,570 4,822,266 * 63.5 * 32.3 * 5,512,621 * 11,999 49,500 47,700California 65,025,080 56,356,682 65.6 29.8 54,040,359 8,689 69,434 * 69,434 *Colorado 8,850,607 8,223,171 47.4 48.9 8,092,091 9,588 52,309 * 49,938 *Connecticut 9,549,219 8,869,759 * 40.1 * 55.7 * 8,484,231 * 14,989 69,981 * 65,571 *Delaware 2,059,526 1,904,036 * 67.5 * 30.0 * 1,794,300 * 13,960 60,746 * 57,934 *D.C. 935,721 827,917 * 0.0 * 88.5 * 1,051,924 * 13,803 66,691 * 66,601 *Florida 27,072,769 22,596,486 42.4 48.1 23,914,328 9,124 47,881 46,702Georgia 22,328,160 20,330,754 * 46.8 * 48.4 * 18,536,859 * 10,971 56,575 * 53,906 *Hawaii 2,325,252 2,019,536 95.4 4.0 2,116,966 11,819 56,241 55,063Idaho 2,497,169 2,259,066 * 77.2 * 20.6 * 2,310,612 * 8,101 49,419 * 47,416 *Il linois 25,323,620 21,888,991 * 19.4 * 69.7 * 25,064,787 * 11,896 63,527 * 63,005 *Indiana 11,261,263 10,236,238 * 57.9 * 38.3 * 10,926,879 10,390 54,491 50,407Iowa 5,658,991 5,069,089 * 50.0 * 44.8 * 4,843,755 * 9,856 52,483 * 50,634 *Kansas 5,518,663 4,842,763 65.2 30.6 4,451,177 9,254 48,135 47,080Kentucky 7,044,472 5,934,348 64.1 30.2 6,327,541 9,612 50,785 50,038Louisiana 8,213,937 6,799,440 55.0 37.2 7,427,166 10,578 51,908 * 49,634 *Maine 2,865,602 2,541,017 * 41.9 * 51.5 * 2,816,994 * 15,032 47,182 * 47,182 *Maryland 15,089,122 14,184,642 * 48.6 * 48.3 * 12,834,707 * 15,268 66,093 * 65,113 *Massachusetts 15,455,655 14,355,655 44.1 51.9 14,133,979 14,828 71,017 71,017Michigan 19,992,857 18,228,835 * 62.5 * 34.2 * 19,969,147 * 12,015 66,952 * 58,595 *Minnesota 10,800,973 9,825,642 * 84.6 * 14.0 * 9,644,663 * 11,905 58,091 * 53,215 *Mississippi 4,673,684 3,926,751 * 63.2 * 30.9 * 3,973,714 * 8,003 48,084 * 46,818 *Missouri 10,878,776 9,750,010 * 34.1 * 59.0 * 8,516,020 * 9,422 48,674 * 46,411 *Montana 1,532,470 1,335,994 * 55.0 * 39.3 * 1,401,496 * 9,973 47,132 * 47,132 *Nebraska 3,390,496 3,156,807 42.3 53.7 3,110,016 10,452 46,961 * 47,521 *Nevada 3,463,673 3,185,851 * 37.2 * 57.8 * 3,695,616 * 8,089 53,736 * 53,023 *New Hampshire 2,899,938 2,739,763 * 36.3 * 60.2 * 2,666,511 * 13,797 52,516 * 52,792 *New Jersey 24,737,623 23,960,702 * 35.1 * 62.8 * 24,203,175 * 17,717 70,711 * 66,985 *New Mexico 4,160,913 3,552,817 * 82.0 * 15.4 * 3,709,570 * 11,346 49,660 * 46,950 *New York 49,390,908 45,119,584 * 49.2 * 46.4 * 46,905,790 * 17,750 73,192 72,708North Carol ina 12,926,407 11,984,183 55.4 41.4 11,671,670 8,303 46,850 46,850North Dakota 1,144,747 1,027,206 44.2 50.1 817,604 8,880 45,845 44,266Ohio 18,678,687 16,990,243 * 49.4 * 46.0 * 18,207,449 * 9,512 59,456 * 57,291 *Oklahoma 6,360,106 5,506,138 * 60.6 * 34.1 * 5,457,661 * 8,311 50,847 * 49,039 *Oregon 6,673,541 6,031,666 * 56.5 * 39.3 * 6,187,494 * 10,959 58,920 * 56,387 *Pennsylvania 29,142,038 27,298,458 * 41.3 * 55.0 * 23,519,622 * 13,334 62,141 60,536Rhode Island 1,844,393 * 1,791,797 * 36.5 * 61.6 * 2,193,529 * 15,803 65,640 * 60,923 *South Carolina 7,855,646 7,046,925 50.7 44.2 6,890,102 9,616 52,348 49,434South Dakota 1,335,949 1,070,064 * 37.7 * 49.9 * 1,153,542 * 9,310 41,285 35,201Tennessee 8,632,049 7,451,715 * 55.4 * 38.5 * 8,154,262 * 8,393 48,864 * 47,043 *Texas 50,739,496 43,951,256 48.1 44.9 44,042,836 9,128 51,165 48,261Utah 5,179,715 4,511,140 * 59.1 * 35.7 * 4,143,321 * 7,056 49,102 * 46,571 *Vermont 1,698,057 1,561,826 * 98.1 * 1.7 * 1,494,070 * 17,447 56,947 * 50,141 *Virginia 17,089,869 16,069,735 * 44.7 * 52.0 * 14,720,696 * 11,753 52,803 * 51,559 *Washington 12,358,213 10,706,570 * 67.2 * 28.5 * 10,762,364 * 10,367 56,749 * 53,796 *West Virginia 3,474,982 3,003,426 * 68.7 * 27.0 * 3,222,734 * 11,369 48,850 * 47,253 *Wisconsin 11,501,060 10,051,949 * 49.8 * 43.9 * 10,281,284 * 11,791 56,018 * 52,031 *Wyoming 1,775,607 1,638,928 55.1 41.4 1,419,502 16,066 59,211 56,978
Source: Current NEA Estimates database.
local ($'000)2
Total($'000)
1state + local in ENR
64($'000)
5of total
3
Highlights Table 2. Summary of Selected Estimates Data for 2010–11
Average salariesClassroom
Current expendituresState as % of Per pupil
Revenue receiptsLocal as %State and Amount
teachers8
Instructionalstaff7
68 Estimates of School Statistics 2011
Highlights Figure 1. Ten-Year Trends in Public Education Data, 2001–2011
Local Revenues ($ Billions)
020406080
100120140160180200220240260280
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11
Instructional Staff (Millions)
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11
Number of School Districts
14,000
14,250
14,50014,750
15,000
15,250
15,50015,750
16,000
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11
State Revenue ($ Billions)
020406080
100120140160180200220240260280
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11
Classroom Teachers (Millions)
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11
Total Fall Enrollment (Millions)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11
Expenditure per Pupil Enrolled ($)
01,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,0007,0008,0009,000
10,00011,000
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11
Current Expenditures($ Billions)
050
100150200250300350400450500550
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11
Average Daily Attendance (Millions)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11
Federal Revenues ($ Billions)
020406080
100120140160180200220240260280
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11
Secondary Enrollment (Millions)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11
Elementary Enrollment (Millions)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11
69
1. General Administration
ach state has a state department of education (headed by a chief state school officer) that exer-cises general control over public elementary and
secondary schools. Many states, particularly those with a large number of small school districts, have intermediate administrative units operating between the state and the local levels. These intermediate units provide various types of consulting and statistical services. They also perform regulatory and inspection functions for the state. In addition, some intermediate units also operate specialized schools for vocational or special education. The local school district is the basic administrative unit for the operation of elementary and secondary schools or for contracting for school services. The governing body of the district is the school board, and the chief adminis-trative officer is the superintendent of schools.
School Districts
The administration and operation of public schools across the country are organized in diverse ways. The diversity comes from the fact that each state legislature governs individually based on local history, economics, and politics. A school district may operate a school sys-tem for all or for some of its children (operating school district), or it may pay other districts for these services (nonoperating school district). School districts range from large metropolitan systems that serve thousands of students to one-school rural districts that serve fewer than 30 students (Table 1.1). The number of school districts has declined steadily, from 127,531 in 1931–32 to an estimated 15,624 in 2010–11. Primarily, this trend reflects consolidation and reorganization of school districts to achieve greater effi-ciency in delivery of public school services. The in-crease in the number of districts since 1998 is largely attributable to new charter schools that are designated by states as separate districts. Figures for the 50 states and the District of Columbia appear in Summary Table A.
By region (Table 1.2), the Great Lakes states have the highest number of operating school districts (3,401) in the nation. States leading the nation with respect to the number of operating school districts for 2010–11 are Texas (1,237), California (1,042), and Ohio (986).
Of the 15,624 school districts estimated for 2010–11, 15,344 (98.2%) are operating school districts; 280 do not operate their own school facilities but transfer students to other districts on a tuition basis. The comparison by region for fall 2010 demonstrates the variation in the organization of school districts and the distribution of enrollment by region. For example, the Plains region features 14.5 percent of the nation’s operating districts and educates 6.5 percent of the nation’s students. By contrast, the Southeast states contain 24.4 percent of total enrollment but educate them in 10.5 percent of the nation’s districts.
E
2000–01 15,5192001–02 15,6412002–03 15,7592003–04 15,7602004–05 15,7312005–06 15,7302006–07 15,4962007–08 15,5812008–09 15,6092009–10 15,6322010–11 15,624
School year School districts
Table 1.1Ten–Year Trend in Total Number of
School Districts, 2001–11
70 Estimates of School Statistics 2011
RegionNew England 1,312 8.6 2,124,356 4.3Mid East 1,887 12.3 6,817,905 13.9Southeast 1,604 10.5 11,997,857 24.4Great Lakes 3,401 22.2 7,606,839 15.5Plains 2,228 14.5 3,199,978 6.5Southwest 2,486 16.2 6,879,857 14.0Rocky Mountains 821 5.4 1,945,280 4.0Far West * 1,605 10.5 8,590,391 17.5Total,50 States and D.C. 15,344 100.0 49,162,463 100.0
* Includes Alaska and Hawaii.
Table 1.2Regional Totals for Operating School Districts, 2010–11
Number Percentage of total Number Percentage of totalEstimated fall 2010 enrollmentOperating school districts
71
2. Students
all enrollments, average daily attendance, and—to a lesser extent—average daily membership are basic measurements of student participation in
public schools. Estimates of fall enrollments by state are shown in Summary Table B for 2009–10 and 2010–11. The figures for the 50 states and the District of Colum-bia on average daily attendance, average daily member-ship, and the number of high school graduates are shown in Summary Table C for 2009–10 and in Summary Ta-ble D for 2010–11.
Fall Enrollment in Public Schools
Of all the variables featured in this report, enrollment is being monitored most closely. Media accounts and re-search literature have been alerting educators, policymak-ers, and the public that enrollment increases will continue in this century. Moreover, state education agency figures for 1985–86 signaled the end of an era of enrollment de-
cline and the beginning of an upward trend in public school enrollment for most states. Implications for the demand for public school teachers and other education personnel are obvious: Education expenditure decisions by state and local governments will need to satisfy ex-panding resource demands associated with this enrollment growth (Table 2.1). Yearly changes in enrollment are depicted in Figure 2.1. Changes in enrollment at the elementary level account for 80.0 percent of the overall difference in student participa-tion this year. The 10-year trend in elementary enrollment since 2000–01 is illustrated in Table 2.2. Public school enrollment at the secondary level for the years 2000–01 through 2010–11 is featured in Table 2.3. Enrollment in secondary schools registered a 0.0 percent increase in 2010–11 from the previous year (Table 2.3).
F
2000–01 29,423,0822001–02 29,533,2372002–03 29,577,0152003–04 29,614,5622004–05 29,630,1862005–06 29,736,5462006–07 29,762,0202007–08 29,902,8012008–09 30,015,7702009–10 30,116,8372010–11 30,133,628
Year Elementary enrollment
Table 2.2Ten–Year Trend in Total Public Elementary School
Enrollment, 2001–11
2000–01 46,974,1502001–02 47,360,9632002–03 47,798,7022003–04 48,150,5282004–05 48,413,5572005–06 48,723,8692006–07 48,859,8372007–08 49,010,8262008–09 49,035,5632009–10 49,141,4672010–11 49,162,463
Year Total fall enrollment
Table 2.1Ten–Year Trend in Total Public School
Enrollment, 2001–11
72 Estimates of School Statistics 2011
Average Daily Attendance
The average daily attendance (ADA) for the school year is the total number of students that actually were present in school divided by the number of days school was in session. Table 2.4 shows the trend in ADA for the years 2000–01 through 2010–11. Column 5 of Summary Tables C and D shows ADA as a percentage of ADM in states reporting both daily atten-dance and membership counts. The difference between 100 percent and the percentage shown in this column is an indication of average daily absence.
High School Graduates
An estimated 3,175,998 high school students will gradu-ate in 2010–11, an increase of 1.9 percent over the re-vised estimate for graduates in 2009–10. After an overall decline in the number of graduates during the early 1990s, the number of graduates is beginning to increase as a consequence of the baby boom echo. The numbers of public high school graduates since 2000–01 are shown in Figure 2.2.
2000–01 17,551,0682001–02 17,827,7262002–03 18,221,6872003–04 18,535,9672004–05 18,783,3712005–06 18,987,3232006–07 19,097,8172007–08 19,108,0252008–09 19,019,7932009–10 19,024,6302010–11 19,028,835
Year Secondary enrollment
Table 2.3Ten–Year Trend in Total Public Secondary
School Enrollment, 2001–11
Figure 2.1Annual Enrollment Changes, 2001–11 (thousands)
–200
0
200
400
600
800
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011Year
Enro
llmen
t cha
nge
('000
)
Elementary
Secondary
Students 73
Figure 2.2High School Graduates, 2001–11 (millions)
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Year
Mill
ions
of g
radu
ate
s
2000–01 43,715,560 — 0.92001–02 44,283,334 1.3 1.32002–03 44,567,672 1.9 0.62003–04 44,898,062 2.7 0.72004–05 45,088,000 3.1 0.42005–06 45,529,180 4.1 1.02006–07 45,694,547 4.5 0.42007–08 45,869,594 4.9 0.42008–09 46,374,130 6.1 1.12009–10 46,680,250 6.8 0.72010–11 46,700,381 6.8 0.0
Table 2.4Ten-Year Trend in Average Daily Attendance, 2001–11
School year Average daily attendance From 2000–01 From previous yearPercentage change
74
3. Instructional Staff
he instructional staff of a district or school comprises classroom teachers, principals, super-visors, librarians, guidance and psychological
personnel, and related instructional workers. This category often is used to describe the total public school staff involved most directly with students and their education. Instructional staff figures for 2009–10 are shown in Summary Table E. Figures for 2010–11 are shown in Table F.
Total Instructional Staff
The total instructional staff in 2010–11 is estimated at 3,729,727. This is an increase of 37,100, or 1.0 percent, over the revised estimate of 3,692,627 staff members in 2009–10. Estimates of the number of classroom teach-ers, principals, supervisors, and other instructional staff are shown in Table 3.1. According to estimates for 2010–11, the 1.0 percent increase in instructional staff over the previous year represents an increase in elemen-tary teachers (1.0%) and a decrease in secondary teach-
ers (0.3%). The trend in total instructional staff over the period is shown in Table 3.2.
Classroom Teachers The 10-year trend in the number of elementary and sec-ondary school classroom teachers—indicating changes over time as local districts respond to supply and de-mand factors—is featured in Table 3.3. The number of elementary school classroom teachers is estimated to be 1,895,006 in 2010–11, a one-year change of 1.0 percent compared to the revised estimate of 1,875,716 for 2009–10. The elementary school class-room teaching staff experienced a net increase of 9.3 percent since 2000–01. The number of classroom teach-ers at the secondary level is estimated to be 1,343,789 for 2010–11. This is a change of 0.3 percent over the revised estimate of 1,339,655 for 2009–10. Since 2000–01, the number of secondary school teachers increased 10.8 percent.
T
Elementary school classroom teachers 1,875,716 1,895,006Secondary school classroom teachers 1,339,655 1,343,789
Total classroom teachers 3,215,371 3,238,795
Nonsupervisory instructional staff 273,802 283,795Principals and supervisors 203,454 207,137
Total staff 3,692,627 3,729,727
Table 3.1
2009–10 2010–11
Total Instructional Staff, 2009–10 and 2010–11
Instructional Staff
Instructional Staff 75
The total number of classroom teachers is estimated to increased by 23,424 for 2010–11 over the revised total of 3,215,371 for 2009–10. This total brings the number of teaching staff to its highest level ever.
Instructional Staff Salaries
Increasingly, salary and benefit levels are becoming prominent in discussions of education reform. Complex
2000–01 1,734,539 1,212,923 2,947,4622001–02 1,751,367 1,240,357 2,991,7242002–03 1,768,864 1,250,850 3,019,7142003–04 1,782,081 1,259,542 3,041,6232004–05 1,799,032 1,273,457 3,072,4892005–06 1,811,395 1,313,315 3,124,7092006–07 1,828,995 1,327,609 3,156,6042007–08 1,849,326 1,337,167 3,186,4932008–09 1,883,569 1,343,979 3,227,5482009–10 1,875,716 1,339,655 3,215,3712010–11 1,895,006 1,343,789 3,238,795
Table 3.3Ten-Year Trend in Total Number of Classroom Teachers, 2001–11
School year Elementary school Secondary school TotalClassroom teachers
2000–01 3,341,234 — 2.12001–02 3,393,411 1.6 1.62002–03 3,435,522 2.8 1.22003–04 3,465,906 3.7 0.92004–05 3,509,474 5.0 1.32005–06 3,558,424 6.5 1.42006–07 3,613,104 8.1 1.52007–08 3,653,622 9.3 1.12008–09 3,697,318 10.7 1.22009–10 3,692,627 10.5 –0.12010–11 3,729,727 11.6 1.0
Table 3.2Ten-Year Trend in Total Instructional Staff, 2001–11
School year Instructional staff From 2000–01 From previous yearPercentage change
76 Estimates of School Statistics 2011
issues involving the recruitment and retention of quali-fied education personnel have focused on the competi-tiveness and career earnings potential of salaries in education compared with salaries in the private sector. Undoubtedly, statistics on salaries for classroom teach-ers and other instructional staff will be evaluated con-tinuously, particularly in states and school districts where instructional staff members are difficult to retain for long periods. It is important to note that vast differ-ences in staff salaries are not apparent in statewide aver-ages, which can hide as much as they reveal; therefore, users of these data must recognize their limitations. In addition, compensation systems at the district level include more than salaries alone. Unfortunately, it is difficult to quantify and categorize the employee bene-fits—both monetary and nonmonetary—associated with public school employment. Add the fact that each state is made up of individual school-district employers and it becomes apparent that salary statistics alone should not be the basis for evaluating state or district compensation. Further, any discussion of average salary figures in the absence of other data about the specific state or district provides limited insights into the actual “value” of those salaries. For example, variations in the cost of living may go a long way toward explaining (and, in practice, offsetting) differences in salary levels from one area of the country to another.
The national average instructional staff salary for 2010–11 is estimated to be $58,025, and the revised estimate for the prior year is $57,146 (Table 3.4). The gain of $879 between 2009–10 and 2010–11 represents an in-crease of 1.5 percent. These average salary figures are for the entire instructional staff—classroom teachers, principals, supervisors, and other instructional person-nel. In the computation of the national average, each state average is weighted by its number of instructional staff members. Average salary figures are listed by state and region in Summary Table G. The average salary per member of the instructional staff in 2010–11, estimated at $58,025, is an increase of $12,987 in current dollars over the average salary of $45,038 reported for 2000–01. Taking inflation into ac-count, however, shows that over the period from 2000–01 to 2010–11 (based on Consumer Price Index for all Urban Consumers; 2001 = 100.0), the instructional staff salary changed $1,440, or 3.2 percent.
Classroom Teacher Salaries
The U.S. average classroom teacher salary is estimated to be $56,069 for the 2010–11 school year. This amount represents an increase of 1.6 percent in current dollars over the revised figure of $55,202 in 2009–10.
2000–01 45,038 — 2.72001–02 46,439 3.1 3.12002–03 47,570 5.6 2.42003–04 48,235 7.1 1.42004–05 49,135 9.1 1.92005–06 50,650 12.5 3.12006–07 52,770 17.2 4.22007–08 54,589 21.2 3.42008–09 56,314 25.0 3.22009–10 57,146 26.9 1.52010–11 58,025 28.8 1.5
Table 3.4Ten–Year Trend in Average Instructional Staff Salary, 2001–11
School year instructional staff salary From 2000–01 From previous yearAverage annual Percentage change
Instructional Staff 77
Figure 3.1 highlights the differences between the aver-age classroom teacher salary in current versus constant dollars. The current-dollar increases over the years since 1990–91 appear substantial—from $33,084 in 1990–91 to $56,069 in 2010–11—an increase of $22,985 in unad-justed terms. But when the effects of price inflation are taken into account, the average teacher salary changes by $1,334 or 4.0 percent, over the 20-year period from 1990–91 to 2010–11. Estimated average salaries paid to classroom teachers in 2010–11 vary from a low of $35,201 to a high of $72,708. Average salaries of classroom teachers for the 50 states and the District of Columbia are distributed as shown in Figure 3.2.
In 2010–11, the salary in the state with the highest aver-age annual salary of classroom teachers is expected to be 106.6 percent higher than that in the state with the low-est salary. The dollar gap has grown from $22,428 in 2000–01 to $37,507 in 2010–11.
Differences in salary levels between elementary and secondary teachers are usually the result of factors (such as average teacher experience and educational attain-ment) that vary from state to state and district to district. It should not be assumed that elementary classroom teachers are paid more or less than secondary classroom teachers strictly on the basis of what grade level they teach (Table 3.5). Elementary school teachers are expected to earn an av-erage salary of $55,864 in 2010–11, an increase of 1.7 percent over the revised estimate of $54,918 for 2009–10. The average salary for secondary teachers is esti-mated to be $56,350, a 1.4 percent increase over the previous year’s value of $55,595.
Table 3.6 shows the percentage increase in classroom teacher salaries for this year compared with 2000–01 and for each year in the range compared with the previous year.
Figure 3.1Average Classroom Teacher Salary, 1991–2011 ($'000)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011
Year
Dol
lars
('0
00)
Current dollars 2001 dollars
78 Estimates of School Statistics 2011
Figure 3.2Distribution of Average Classroom Teacher Salaries, 2011
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
< 44 44–45.9
46–47.9
48–49.9
50–51.9
52–53.9
54–55.9
56–57.9
58–59.9
60–61.9
62–63.9
> 64
Salary range ($ thousands)
Num
ber
of s
tate
s pa
ying
2000–01 42,910 44,053 43,3782001–02 44,177 45,310 44,6552002–03 45,408 46,106 45,6862003–04 46,187 46,976 46,5422004–05 47,122 47,688 47,5162005–06 48,573 49,496 49,0862006–07 50,789 51,583 51,0682007–08 52,384 53,258 52,8002008–09 53,942 54,826 54,2742009–10 54,918 55,595 55,2022010–11 55,864 56,350 56,069
Table 3.5Ten–Year Trend in Average Annual Salaries for Public School Classroom Teachers, 2001–11
AllSecondaryElementarySchool yearAverage annual classroom teacher salaries
Instructional Staff 79
2000–01 — — — 3.9 3.5 3.82001–02 3.0 2.9 2.9 3.0 2.9 2.92002–03 5.8 4.7 5.3 2.8 1.8 2.32003–04 7.6 6.6 7.3 1.7 1.9 1.92004–05 9.8 8.3 9.5 2.0 1.5 2.12005–06 13.2 12.4 13.2 3.1 3.8 3.32006–07 18.4 17.1 17.7 4.6 4.2 4.02007–08 22.1 20.9 21.7 3.1 3.2 3.42008–09 25.7 24.5 25.1 3.0 2.9 2.82009–10 28.0 26.2 27.3 1.8 1.4 1.72010–11 30.2 27.9 29.3 1.7 1.4 1.6
Table 3.6Ten-Year Trend in Percentage Change in Average Annual Salaries for
Public School Classroom Teachers, 2001–11
School year Elementary Secondary AllFrom 2000–01
Percentage change
AllFrom previous year
SecondaryElementary
80
4. Revenues
evenue receipts provided by state education agencies include all funds that become available during the school year. Receipts used for pay-
ment of principal and interest on long-term debt and nonrevenue receipts used largely for capital outlay ex-penditures are included. The figures on expenditures, however, include capital outlay but exclude payments to amortize debt. For this reason, total receipts generally will exceed total expenditures.
Total Receipts
Total revenue and nonrevenue receipts for 2010–11 are estimated to be $632,412,181,030, an increase of 2.2 percent compared with 2009–10 and a 48.4 percent in-crease compared with 2000–01. When adjusted for infla-
tion, total receipts increased an estimated 18.9 percent over the decade.
Revenue Receipts
Revenue receipts available for current expenses, other non-day-school programs operated by the public schools, capital outlay, and debt service for public schools are shown in Table 4.1. Included among revenue receipts are all appropriations from general funds of fed-eral, state, county, and local governments; receipts from taxes levied for school purposes; income from perma-nent school funds and endowments; and income from leases of school lands and miscellaneous sources (inter-est on bank deposits, tuition, gifts, school lunch charges, and so on).
R
2000–01 397,254,659 — 7.42001–02 416,890,649 4.9 4.92002–03 436,056,289 9.8 4.62003–04 455,013,298 14.5 4.32004–05 477,370,797 20.2 4.92005–06 505,752,930 27.3 5.92006–07 535,516,450 34.8 5.92007–08 560,139,546 41.0 4.62008–09 564,927,840 42.2 0.92009–10 581,882,656 46.5 3.02010–11 596,271,055 50.1 2.5
Table 4.1Total Revenue Receipts, 2001–11
School year (in $ thousands) From 2000–01 From previous yearPercentage changeRevenue receipts
Revenues 81
For 2010–11, revenue receipts are estimated at $596,271,054,739, an increase of 2.5 percent over the revised figure of $581,882,655,715 reported for 2009–10. From 2000–01 through 2010–11, school revenue receipts increased 50.1 percent in current or unadjusted dollars. Adjusting for inflation in 2000–01 dollars, pub-lic school revenues increased 20.2 percent over the dec-ade. State-by-state figures on the sources of school revenue are given in Summary Tables H and I, columns 2–4 and 6–8, for the years 2009–10 and 2010–11, respectively. Comparing these estimates shows an expected -$2,220,400,241 decrease in federal revenues, an ex-pected increase of $9,186,819,216 in state revenues, and an increase of $7,421,980,050 in local revenues, for a total increase of approximately $14.4 billion in revenue receipts for the year. In percentage terms, contributions by the three levels of government changed by -3.4, 3.5, and 2.9 percent, respectively. Amounts and percentages of revenue receipts from fed-eral, state, and local sources for the years 2000–01 through 2010–11 are shown in Table 4.2. During this period, the percentage of state receipts has ranged be-tween 45.3 and 50.0 percent of total revenue receipts, constituting the largest source of public school funds with the exception of school funding for 1993–94. State education resources, derived primarily from income and
sales taxes, have increased by 37.3 percent from 2001 to 2011—10.0 percent when adjusted for inflation. Local and intermediate sources of school revenues, coming mostly from property taxation, grew by 53.2 percent (22.7 percent in inflation-adjusted dollars).
Increases in School Revenue
One measure of support for the improvement of educa-tion is the amount of new funds made available each year. Figure 4.1 shows annual variations reflecting changing priorities and the fluid nature of the state-local fiscal partnership in school finance during the period 2000–01 to 2010–11. Please note that in the school year 1994–95 (not shown), state funds appear as providing an unusually high share (77.8%) of the new money by level of government, whereas federal and local shares of the new money account for only 2.8 and 19.4 percent, re-spectively. In this regard, it is important to remember that these values in any year include the substitution of, for example, state-source revenue for local-source reve-nue, as occurred in Michigan in 1994. Michigan substi-tuted state-source revenue for local funds and added funds to reduce per student expenditure disparities. In other words, Michigan’s higher state share does not nec-essarily translate entirely into new funds provided to public education.
2000–01 28,300,490 7.1 198,801,759 50.0 170,152,410 42.82001–02 32,213,475 7.7 206,111,967 49.4 178,565,207 42.82002–03 36,175,928 8.3 214,210,264 49.1 185,670,097 42.62003–04 40,628,983 8.9 215,480,072 47.4 198,904,243 43.72004–05 42,908,234 9.0 225,141,783 47.2 209,320,781 43.82005–06 45,949,920 9.1 236,977,232 46.9 222,825,779 44.12006–07 46,157,591 8.6 255,240,888 47.7 234,117,971 43.72007–08 47,546,719 8.5 269,993,488 48.2 242,599,339 43.32008–09 57,254,592 10.1 261,511,904 46.3 246,161,344 43.62009–10 64,848,761 11.1 263,865,668 45.3 253,168,227 43.52010–11 62,628,361 10.5 273,052,487 45.8 260,590,207 43.7
Table 4.2Total Revenue Receipts, 2001–11, by Source of Government Contribution
School year Amount ($'000) % % Amount ($'000)Federal
Revenue receiptsLocal and other
%State
Amount ($'000)
82 Estimates of School Statistics 2011
Figure 4.1Percentage of Revenue Change over Prior Year by Source, 2001–11
0
2
4
6
8
10
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011Year
Perc
ent
Federal
State
Local
83
5. Expenditures
otal expenditures for public schools—current ex-penditures for elementary and secondary day schools, capital outlays, and interest payments—
are expected to increase from $609,954,423,803 in 2009–10 to an estimated $625,401,847,532 in 2010–11. This increase of $15.4 billion includes expected expenditures from federal appropriations, rising state appropriations, and increasing local tax revenues. Increased expenditures are estimated across all major categories of expenditure. These include current expenditures for elementary and secondary day schools; for other programs (summer schools, adult education programs, community centers, and other community services when operated by local school districts and not part of the regular public elemen-tary and secondary day-school program); capital outlays; and interest payments on school debt. Repayment of prin-cipal on bonded indebtedness is not included.
Total Expenditures The total amount to be spent during 2010–11 for current expenditures, capital outlay, and interest on school debt
represents a 2.5 percent increase over comparable ex-penditures estimated for 2009–10 and a 54.7 percent increase over 2000–01. Adjusting for the effects of price inflation, the change in total public school expenditures is estimated at 23.9 percent over the decade (Table 5.1).
Current Expenditures
Current expenditures of elementary and secondary day schools include amounts paid for general control, in-structional service, operation, maintenance, fixed charges, and other school services excluding expendi-tures for state administration. Current expenditures comprise all governmental contributions to the retire-ment fund and expenditures for school services, includ-ing attendance, health services, transportation, and other school services. This figure does not include payments for capital outlay and interest on school debt or amounts spent for community colleges, community services, summer school, community centers, and services to nonpublic school students (Table 5.2).
T
2000–01 404,270,785 — 7.92001–02 427,576,600 5.8 5.82002–03 451,673,608 11.7 5.62003–04 469,623,358 16.2 4.02004–05 496,198,590 22.7 5.72005–06 521,128,927 28.9 5.02006–07 548,039,082 35.6 5.22007–08 579,682,833 43.4 5.82008–09 591,785,314 46.4 2.12009–10 609,954,424 50.9 3.12010–11 625,401,848 54.7 2.5
Table 5.1Ten–Year Trend in Total Expenditures for Public Schools, 2001–11
School year (in $ thousands) From 2000–01 From previous yearPercentage changeTotal expenditures
84 Estimates of School Statistics 2011
Current expenditures are expected to increase from $520,209,431,349 in 2009–10 to $532,223,618,856 in 2010–11, a 2.3 percent increase in current-dollar terms. Current expenditures of public schools grew by 23.9 percent from 2000–01 to 2010–11 in inflation-adjusted dollars.
Current Expenditure per Student in ENR Fall enrollment (ENR) has replaced average daily atten-dance (ADA) and average daily membership (ADM) as the preferred measure of student participation in the educational process. ENR is recommended as the best divisor because of its standardized definition; therefore, it is most useful when making interstate comparisons. State-by-state calculations based on both ENR and ADA counts may be found in Summary Tables J and K. Use of these statewide figures should be supplemented by the reader’s knowledge of factors particular to a state or locality that would affect spending levels. Table 5.3 shows the average cost per student in ENR (in current dollars) for each year since 2000–01 as well as the percentage increases in cost per student in ENR. Over the last decade, the average per student expendi-ture rose by $1,348, or 18.4 percent, after inflation. The
estimated average expenditure per student in ENR for 2010–11 is $10,826, an increase of $240 over the re-vised figure of $10,586 for 2009–10. Variations among the states in average expenditures per student in ENR are wide. The statewide estimates for 2010–11 vary from a low of $6,448 to a high of $17,750, a difference of $11,302. Estimated expenditures per stu-dent in ENR for the 50 states and the District of Colum-bia are distributed as shown in Figure 5.1.
Capital Outlay
Total expenditures for capital outlay are estimated at $60,500,368,775 for 2010–11, an increase of $2.5 billion over the 2009–10 level, which was $58,008,788,053. Figure 5.2 shows the variability in spending for this function resulting from changes in school district needs for capital outlay over the last 10 years.
Interest on School Debt
For the school year 2009–10, total expenditures for in-terest on debt were estimated at $19,742,212,272. For the school year 2010–11, these expenditures grew to $20,625,182,078—an increase of 4.5 percent.
2000–01 344,032,775 — 7.22001–02 363,551,233 5.7 5.72002–03 386,027,520 12.2 6.22003–04 400,930,558 16.5 3.92004–05 422,346,177 22.8 5.32005–06 443,031,503 28.8 4.92006–07 467,417,758 35.9 5.52007–08 495,475,065 44.0 6.02008–09 505,693,703 47.0 2.12009–10 520,209,431 51.2 2.92010–11 532,223,619 54.7 2.3
Table 5.2Ten–Year Trend in Total Current Expenditures for Public Schools, 2001–11
School year ($ thousands) From 2000–01 From previous yearPercentage changeCurrent expenditures
Expenditures 85
2000–01 7,324 — 6.32001–02 7,676 4.8 4.82002–03 8,076 10.3 5.22003–04 8,327 13.7 3.12004–05 8,724 19.1 4.82005–06 9,093 24.2 4.22006–07 9,567 30.6 5.22007–08 10,110 38.0 5.72008–09 10,313 40.8 2.02009–10 10,586 44.5 2.62010–11 10,826 47.8 2.3
Ten–Year Trend in Expenditures per Student, 2001–11Table 5.3
School year per student in ENR From 2000–01 From previous yearPercentage changeExpenditures ($)
Figure 5.2Capital Outlay and Interest on Debt, 2001–11 ($ billions)
Capital outlay
Interest
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011Year
$ b
illio
ns
Figure 5.1Distribution of 2010–11 Current Expenditures per Student in Fall Enrollment
0
2468
1012
14
< 7,000 7,000–7,499
7,500–7,999
8,000–8,499
8,500–8,999
9,000–9,499
9,500–9,999
10,000–10,499
10,500–10,999
11,000–11,499
11,500–11,999
12,000–12,499
> 12,500
Expenditure per pupil ($)
Num
ber
of s
tate
s
86
REGION AND STATE1
50 STATES AND D.C. 15,632 15,350 282 15,624 15,344 280NEW ENGLAND 1,561 1,314 247 1,559 1,312 247CONNECTICUT 195 * 195 * 0 * 195 * 195 * 0 *MAINE 288 * 229 * 59 * 288 * 229 * 59 *MASSACHUSETTS 500 392 108 500 392 108NEW HAMPSHIRE 177 163 14 175 161 14RHODE ISLAND 49 * 49 * 0 * 49 * 49 * 0 *VERMONT 352 * 286 * 66 * 352 * 286 * 66 *MID EAST 1,903 1,887 16 1,903 1,887 16DELAWARE 37 * 37 * 0 * 37 * 37 * 0 *DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 41 * 41 * 0 * 41 * 41 * 0 *MARYLAND 24 24 0 * 24 24 0 *NEW JERSEY 605 * 591 * 14 * 605 * 591 * 14 *NEW YORK 696 * 695 * 1 * 696 * 695 * 1 *PENNSYLVANIA 500 499 1 500 499 1SOUTHEAST 1,607 1,602 5 1,609 1,604 5ALABAMA 132 132 0 132 132 0ARKANSAS 245 * 245 * 0 * 245 * 245 * 0 *FLORIDA 67 * 67 * 0 * 67 * 67 * 0 *GEORGIA 186 * 186 * 0 * 186 * 186 * 0 *KENTUCKY 174 174 0 174 174 0LOUISIANA 120 120 0 122 122 0MISSISSIPPI 152 * 152 * 0 * 152 * 152 * 0 *NORTH CAROLINA 115 115 0 * 115 115 0 *SOUTH CAROLINA 89 89 0 89 89 0TENNESSEE 136 * 135 * 1 * 136 * 135 * 1 *VIRGINIA 136 * 132 * 4 * 136 * 132 * 4 *WEST VIRGINIA 55 * 55 * 0 * 55 * 55 * 0 *GREAT LAKES 3,404 3,402 2 3,403 3,401 2ILLINOIS 870 * 869 * 1 * 870 * 869 * 1 *INDIANA 350 * 349 * 1 * 350 * 349 * 1 *MICHIGAN 773 * 773 * 0 * 773 * 773 * 0 *OHIO 986 986 0 * 986 986 0 *WISCONSIN 425 425 0 * 424 424 0 *PLAINS 2,245 2,239 6 2,232 2,228 4IOWA 361 361 0 359 359 0KANSAS 293 293 0 * 289 289 0 *MINNESOTA 473 * 471 * 2 * 473 * 471 * 2 *MISSOURI 524 * 524 * 0 * 524 * 524 * 0 *NEBRASKA 253 253 0 251 251 0NORTH DAKOTA 185 183 2 184 182 2SOUTH DAKOTA 156 154 2 152 152 0SOUTHWEST 2,480 2,480 0 2,486 2,486 0ARIZONA 627 * 627 * 0 * 627 * 627 * 0 *NEW MEXICO 89 89 0 89 89 0OKLAHOMA 527 * 527 * 0 * 533 * 533 * 0 *TEXAS 1,237 1,237 0 * 1,237 1,237 0 *ROCKY MOUNTAINS 826 821 5 826 821 5COLORADO 178 178 0 * 178 178 0 *IDAHO 137 * 137 * 0 * 137 * 137 * 0 *MONTANA 422 * 417 * 5 * 422 * 417 * 5 *UTAH 41 41 0 41 41 0WYOMING 48 48 0 48 48 0FAR WEST 1,606 1,605 1 1,606 1,605 1ALASKA 54 54 0 54 54 0CALIFORNIA 1,042 * 1,042 * 0 * 1,042 * 1,042 * 0 *HAWAII 1 1 0 1 1 0NEVADA 17 * 17 * 0 * 17 * 17 * 0 *OREGON 197 * 196 * 1 * 197 * 196 * 1 *WASHINGTON 295 * 295 * 0 * 295 * 295 * 0 *
SUMMARY TABLE A. ESTIMATED NUMBER OF PUBLIC ELEMENTARY ANDSECONDARY DISTRICTS, 2009–10 (REVISED) AND 2010–11
TOTAL OPERATING NONOPERATINGBASIC ADMINISTRATIVE UNIT (SCHOOL DISTRICT)
2009–10 (REVISED)
TOTAL OPERATING NONOPERATINGBASIC ADMINISTRATIVE UNIT (SCHOOL DISTRICT)
2010–11
2 3 4 5 6 7
Tables for the 50 States and the District of Columbia
Tables for the 50 States and the District of Columbia 87
REGION AND STATE1
50 STATES AND D.C. 30,116,837 19,024,630 49,141,467 30,133,628 19,028,835 49,162,463NEW ENGLAND 1,442,815 700,380 2,143,195 1,432,847 691,509 2,124,356CONNECTICUT 392,414 * 175,865 * 568,279 * 390,861 * 175,169 * 566,030 *MAINE 130,125 * 59,518 * 189,643 * 128,587 * 58,814 * 187,401 *MASSACHUSETTS 665,729 290,502 956,231 665,310 287,913 953,223NEW HAMPSHIRE 132,357 * 63,987 * 196,344 * 130,281 * 62,983 * 193,264 *RHODE ISLAND 78,295 * 66,823 * 145,118 * 74,888 * 63,915 * 138,803 *VERMONT 43,895 * 43,685 * 87,580 * 42,920 * 42,715 * 85,635 *MID EAST 3,852,537 3,019,112 6,871,649 3,823,189 2,994,716 6,817,905DELAWARE 68,731 * 58,070 * 126,801 * 69,668 * 58,862 * 128,530 *DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 48,382 * 27,541 * 75,923 * 48,565 * 27,645 * 76,210 *MARYLAND 457,531 * 390,881 * 848,412 * 453,333 * 387,295 * 840,628 *NEW JERSEY 942,110 * 430,621 * 1,372,731 * 937,536 * 428,531 * 1,366,067 *NEW YORK 1,409,132 * 1,258,237 * 2,667,369 * 1,396,007 * 1,246,517 * 2,642,524 *PENNSYLVANIA 926,651 * 853,762 * 1,780,413 * 918,080 * 845,866 * 1,763,946 *SOUTHEAST 7,294,890 4,656,214 11,951,104 7,321,464 4,676,393 11,997,857ALABAMA 406,475 * 334,640 * 741,115 * 406,398 * 334,577 * 740,975 *ARKANSAS 247,404 * 210,833 * 458,237 * 248,042 * 211,377 * 459,419 *FLORIDA 1,450,426 * 1,184,689 * 2,635,115 * 1,442,704 * 1,178,381 * 2,621,085 *GEORGIA 821,897 * 845,788 * 1,667,685 * 832,721 * 856,927 * 1,689,648 *KENTUCKY 456,227 195,583 651,810 460,789 197,539 658,328LOUISIANA 509,883 * 181,032 * 690,915 * 518,162 * 183,971 * 702,133 *MISSISSIPPI 277,549 * 218,241 * 495,790 * 277,949 * 218,555 * 496,504 *NORTH CAROLINA 994,346 421,815 1,416,161 983,814 421,892 1,405,706SOUTH CAROLINA 499,449 212,795 712,244 502,450 214,074 716,524TENNESSEE 667,609 * 286,366 * 953,975 * 679,899 * 291,638 * 971,537 *VIRGINIA 768,124 * 477,041 * 1,245,165 * 772,667 * 479,862 * 1,252,529 *WEST VIRGINIA 195,501 * 87,391 * 282,892 * 195,869 * 87,600 * 283,469 *GREAT LAKES 4,743,861 2,845,745 7,589,606 4,756,337 2,850,502 7,606,839ILLINOIS 1,468,969 * 636,810 * 2,105,779 * 1,469,768 * 637,157 * 2,106,925 *INDIANA 569,706 * 476,516 * 1,046,222 * 572,687 * 479,009 * 1,051,696 *MICHIGAN 856,332 * 816,700 * 1,673,032 * 850,720 * 811,347 * 1,662,067 *OHIO 1,255,418 * 636,719 * 1,892,137 * 1,270,071 * 644,151 * 1,914,222 *WISCONSIN 593,436 279,000 872,436 593,091 278,838 871,929PLAINS 1,998,444 1,203,022 3,201,466 1,998,208 1,201,770 3,199,978IOWA 270,745 * 219,672 * 490,417 * 271,305 * 220,126 * 491,431 *KANSAS 340,737 139,761 480,498 341,150 139,850 481,000MINNESOTA 414,857 * 399,784 * 814,641 * 412,556 * 397,567 * 810,123 *MISSOURI 616,011 * 287,412 * 903,423 * 616,328 * 287,559 * 903,887 *NEBRASKA 207,110 88,292 295,402 208,625 88,938 297,563NORTH DAKOTA 63,273 30,442 93,715 62,165 29,909 92,074SOUTH DAKOTA 85,711 * 37,659 * 123,370 * 86,079 * 37,821 * 123,900 *SOUTHWEST 4,139,948 2,743,730 6,883,678 4,136,918 2,742,939 6,879,857ARIZONA 765,192 * 312,608 * 1,077,800 * 760,708 * 310,776 * 1,071,484 *NEW MEXICO 182,261 * 144,297 * 326,558 * 182,474 * 144,466 * 326,940 *OKLAHOMA 384,500 * 270,042 * 654,542 * 385,741 * 270,914 * 656,655 *TEXAS 2,807,995 2,016,783 4,824,778 2,807,995 2,016,783 4,824,778ROCKY MOUNTAINS 1,049,676 856,195 1,905,871 1,071,957 873,323 1,945,280COLORADO 425,869 * 406,499 * 832,368 * 431,799 * 412,159 * 843,958 *IDAHO 155,138 * 125,865 * 281,003 * 157,475 * 127,761 * 285,236 *MONTANA 97,868 * 43,939 * 141,807 * 96,989 * 43,544 * 140,533 *UTAH 322,704 * 240,569 * 563,273 * 336,411 * 250,787 * 587,198 *WYOMING 48,097 39,323 87,420 49,283 39,072 88,355FAR WEST 5,594,666 3,000,232 8,594,898 5,592,708 2,997,683 8,590,391ALASKA 90,825 40,837 131,662 91,000 41,000 132,000CALIFORNIA 4,225,057 * 2,013,187 * 6,238,244 * 4,212,463 * 2,007,186 * 6,219,649 *HAWAII 97,650 80,150 177,800 100,933 78,189 179,122NEVADA 247,145 * 202,462 * 449,607 * 251,123 * 205,721 * 456,844 *OREGON 383,310 * 178,388 * 561,698 * 385,304 * 179,316 * 564,620 *WASHINGTON 550,679 * 485,208 * 1,035,887 * 551,885 * 486,271 * 1,038,156 *
SUMMARY TABLE B. ESTIMATED FALL ENROLLMENT, ELEMENTARY ANDSECONDARY PUBLIC SCHOOLS, 2009–10 (REVISED) AND 2010–11
ELEMENTARY SECONDARY TOTALFALL ENROLLMENT2009–10 (REVISED)
ELEMENTARY SECONDARY TOTALFALL ENROLLMENT
2010–11
2 3 4 5 6 7
88 Rankings & Estimates 2010–2011
REGION AND STATE1
50 STATES AND D.C. n.a. 46,680,250 95.0 n.a. 3,117,890NEW ENGLAND 2,095,914 2,026,545 94.6 96.7 153,231CONNECTICUT 553,850 * 570,613 * 100.4 * 103.0 * 40,277 *MAINE 187,043 * 175,816 * 92.7 * 94.0 * 15,039 *MASSACHUSETTS 951,815 901,319 94.3 94.7 64,670NEW HAMPSHIRE 194,743 * 183,904 * 93.7 * 94.4 * 15,468 *RHODE ISLAND 134,101 * 124,865 * 86.0 * 93.1 * 9,576 *VERMONT 74,362 * 70,028 * 80.0 * 94.2 * 8,201 *MID EAST n.a. 7,188,537 104.6 n.a. 476,874DELAWARE 123,858 * 115,690 * 91.2 * 93.4 * 7,538 *DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA n.a. * 75,923 * 100.0 * n.a. * 1,745 *MARYLAND 795,578 846,971 99.8 106.5 59,774NEW JERSEY 1,527,537 * 1,417,648 * 103.3 * 92.8 * 96,589 *NEW YORK 3,413,846 * 3,045,771 * 114.2 * 89.2 * 176,532 *PENNSYLVANIA 1,803,725 * 1,686,534 * 94.7 * 93.5 * 134,697 *SOUTHEAST 11,808,159 11,194,742 93.7 94.8 713,590ALABAMA 745,095 702,131 94.7 94.2 41,003 *ARKANSAS 417,526 * 371,861 * 81.2 * 89.1 * 29,834 *FLORIDA 2,634,319 2,485,864 94.3 94.4 145,793GEORGIA 1,667,685 1,600,978 96.0 96.0 101,138 *KENTUCKY 648,635 615,883 94.5 95.0 42,235LOUISIANA 684,917 643,328 93.1 93.9 36,408MISSISSIPPI 486,264 * 474,839 * 95.8 * 97.7 * 24,027 *NORTH CAROLINA 1,402,269 1,329,894 93.9 94.8 88,698SOUTH CAROLINA 695,957 663,967 93.2 95.4 36,989TENNESSEE 949,739 894,764 93.8 * 94.2 * 62,529 *VIRGINIA 1,205,548 * 1,149,943 * 92.4 * 95.4 * 87,101 *WEST VIRGINIA 270,205 * 261,290 * 92.4 * 96.7 * 17,836 *GREAT LAKES n.a. 6,942,670 91.5 n.a. 499,598ILLINOIS 1,988,261 * 1,968,137 * 93.5 * 99.0 * 131,443 *INDIANA 998,042 986,885 94.3 98.9 63,071MICHIGAN n.a. * 1,540,026 * 92.1 * n.a. * 114,217 *OHIO 1,744,969 1,645,130 * 86.9 * 94.3 124,264 *WISCONSIN 849,306 802,492 92.0 94.5 66,603PLAINS n.a. 2,967,046 92.7 n.a. 228,829IOWA 462,674 * 438,637 * 89.4 * 94.8 * 34,462KANSAS 478,271 454,018 94.5 94.9 30,738MINNESOTA 814,637 * 769,396 * 94.4 * 94.4 * 66,215 *MISSOURI n.a. * 835,780 * 92.5 * n.a. * 62,342 *NEBRASKA 281,905 267,177 90.4 94.8 19,970 *NORTH DAKOTA 91,159 85,967 91.7 94.3 6,933SOUTH DAKOTA 120,169 * 116,070 * 94.1 * 96.6 * 8,170 *SOUTHWEST n.a. 6,426,020 93.4 n.a. 409,415ARIZONA 1,087,684 * 1,029,246 * 95.5 * 94.6 * 82,206 *NEW MEXICO 326,558 301,514 92.3 92.3 18,545OKLAHOMA 647,204 609,376 93.1 94.2 37,782 *TEXAS n.a. 4,485,884 93.0 n.a. 270,882ROCKY MOUNTAINS n.a. 1,675,813 87.9 n.a. 109,464COLORADO n.a. 771,938 92.7 n.a. 46,811IDAHO n.a. * 263,316 * 93.7 * n.a. * 17,212 *MONTANA 132,776 * 116,043 * 81.8 * 87.4 * 10,029UTAH 590,396 443,840 * 78.8 * 75.2 29,933 *WYOMING 86,494 80,676 92.3 93.3 5,480FAR WEST n.a. 8,258,877 96.1 n.a. 526,887ALASKA 127,727 117,224 89.0 91.8 7,712CALIFORNIA n.a. * 6,051,938 97.0 * n.a. * 383,566 *HAWAII 176,112 163,695 92.1 92.9 11,451NEVADA 436,329 * 452,846 * 100.7 * 103.8 * 23,582 *OREGON 536,377 499,024 88.8 93.0 35,815WASHINGTON 1,039,648 974,150 94.0 93.7 64,761NOTE: ADM = AVERAGE DAILY MEMBERSHIP; ADA = AVERAGE DAILY ATTENDANCE; ENR = ENROLLMENT; n.a. = NOT AVAILABLE.
SUMMARY TABLE C. ESTIMATED ADM AND ADA IN PUBLIC ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARYSCHOOLS AND NUMBER OF PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES, 2009–10 (REVISED)
ADM ADA FALL ENR ADM PUBLIC HS GRADSENROLLMENT
2009–10 (REVISED) PERCENT ADA OF
2 3 4 5 6
Tables for the 50 States and the District of Columbia 89
REGION AND STATE1
50 STATES AND D.C. n.a. 46,700,381 95.0 n.a. 3,175,998NEW ENGLAND 2,078,704 2,015,886 94.9 97.0 154,234CONNECTICUT 551,527 * 574,120 * 101.4 * 104.1 * 41,291 *MAINE 184,980 * 173,864 * 92.8 * 94.0 * 15,324 *MASSACHUSETTS 950,209 899,799 94.4 94.7 63,717NEW HAMPSHIRE 193,321 * 182,544 * 94.5 * 94.4 * 15,817 *RHODE ISLAND 126,952 * 117,999 * 85.0 * 92.9 * 9,715 *VERMONT 71,716 * 67,559 * 78.9 * 94.2 * 8,371 *MID EAST n.a. 7,222,935 105.9 n.a. 486,279DELAWARE 122,683 * 114,683 * 89.2 * 93.5 * 7,567 *DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA n.a. * 76,210 * 100.0 * n.a. * 1,420 *MARYLAND 799,477 * 833,251 * 99.1 * 104.2 * 61,008 *NEW JERSEY 1,546,859 * 1,431,418 * 104.8 * 92.5 * 98,437 *NEW YORK 3,461,812 * 3,085,515 * 116.8 * 89.1 * 181,223 *PENNSYLVANIA 1,799,158 * 1,681,858 * 95.3 * 93.5 * 136,623 *SOUTHEAST 11,861,355 11,136,976 92.8 93.9 731,225ALABAMA 744,929 * 703,472 * 94.9 * 94.4 * 41,945 *ARKANSAS 413,807 * 365,075 * 79.5 * 88.2 * 30,130 *FLORIDA 2,623,957 2,476,962 94.5 * 94.4 * 148,147GEORGIA 1,689,626 * 1,638,203 * 97.0 * 97.0 * 101,905 *KENTUCKY 655,121 622,041 94.5 95.0 42,235LOUISIANA 679,445 * 638,034 * 90.9 * 93.9 * 37,111 *MISSISSIPPI 485,173 * 474,902 * 95.6 * 97.9 * 24,059 *NORTH CAROLINA 1,430,140 1,298,190 92.4 90.8 90,725SOUTH CAROLINA 702,780 673,061 93.9 95.8 41,391TENNESSEE 954,449 * 835,882 * 86.0 * 87.6 * 64,939 *VIRGINIA 1,209,988 * 1,155,324 * 92.2 * 95.5 * 90,480 *WEST VIRGINIA 271,940 * 255,830 * 90.2 * 94.1 * 18,158 *GREAT LAKES n.a. 6,946,371 91.3 n.a. 506,555ILLINOIS 1,990,477 * 1,984,594 * 94.2 * 99.7 * 132,104 *INDIANA 1,008,805 * 992,304 * 94.4 * 98.4 * 64,009 *MICHIGAN n.a. * 1,527,733 * 91.9 * n.a. * 116,158 *OHIO 1,743,874 * 1,643,439 * 85.9 * 94.2 * 126,557 *WISCONSIN 845,027 798,302 91.6 94.5 67,727PLAINS n.a. 2,961,657 92.6 n.a. 230,803IOWA 458,601 * 434,039 * 88.3 * 94.6 * 34,556 *KANSAS 478,595 454,449 94.5 95.0 30,868MINNESOTA 810,836 * 766,845 * 94.7 * 94.6 * 67,106 *MISSOURI n.a. * 837,024 * 92.6 * n.a. * 63,189 *NEBRASKA 281,649 * 267,156 * 89.8 * 94.9 * 20,281 *NORTH DAKOTA 90,378 85,260 92.6 94.3 6,621SOUTH DAKOTA 120,312 * 116,884 * 94.3 * 97.2 * 8,182 *SOUTHWEST n.a. 6,440,876 93.6 n.a. 415,366ARIZONA 1,087,800 * 1,029,915 * 96.1 * 94.7 * 86,966 *NEW MEXICO 326,940 * 312,793 * 95.7 * 95.7 * 19,352 *OKLAHOMA 649,691 * 612,284 * 93.2 * 94.2 * 38,167 *TEXAS n.a. * 4,485,884 93.0 n.a. * 270,882ROCKY MOUNTAINS n.a. 1,688,919 86.8 n.a. 111,135COLORADO n.a. * 782,686 * 92.7 * n.a. * 47,314 *IDAHO n.a. * 267,099 * 93.6 * n.a. * 17,501 *MONTANA 130,514 * 113,470 * 80.7 * 86.9 * 10,063 *UTAH 631,699 * 443,449 * 75.5 * 70.2 * 30,737 *WYOMING 87,574 82,214 93.0 93.9 5,521FAR WEST n.a. 8,286,760 96.5 n.a. 540,400ALASKA 127,000 117,585 89.1 92.6 7,826CALIFORNIA n.a. * 6,066,540 * 97.5 * n.a. * 394,959 *HAWAII 175,645 163,105 91.1 92.9 11,909NEVADA 448,165 * 465,098 * 101.8 * 103.8 * 24,704 *OREGON 536,968 * 499,563 * 88.5 * 93.0 * 36,754 *WASHINGTON 1,040,416 * 974,870 * 93.9 * 93.7 * 64,247 *NOTE: ADM = AVERAGE DAILY MEMBERSHIP; ADA = AVERAGE DAILY ATTENDANCE; ENR = ENROLLMENT; n.a. = NOT AVAILABLE.
SUMMARY TABLE D. ESTIMATED ADM AND ADA IN PUBLIC ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARYSCHOOLS AND NUMBER OF PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES, 2010–11
ADM ADA FALL ENR ADM PUBLIC HS GRADSENROLLMENT
2010–11 PERCENT ADA OF
2 3 4 5 6
90 Rankings & Estimates 2010–2011
TOTALREGION AND STATE TOTAL TOTAL TEACHERS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 850 STATES AND D.C. 261,958 1,613,758 1,875,716 508,160 831,495 1,339,655 3,215,371 273,802 203,454 3,692,627NEW ENGLAND 16,792 92,212 109,004 24,366 32,780 57,146 166,150 18,202 9,601 193,953CONNECTICUT 5,062 * 23,932 * 28,995 * 6,087 * 8,115 * 14,202 * 43,196 * 6,604 * 3,341 * 53,141 *MAINE 1,939 * 9,537 * 11,477 * 2,670 * 2,938 * 5,608 * 17,085 * 1,620 * 1,228 * 19,933 *MASSACHUSETTS 6,706 39,798 46,504 10,039 13,853 23,892 70,396 5,931 2,960 79,287NEW HAMPSHIRE 1,521 8,977 10,498 1,990 2,948 4,938 15,436 2,901 772 19,109RHODE ISLAND 922 * 5,977 * 6,899 * 1,529 * 2,703 * 4,233 * 11,132 0 * 848 11,980VERMONT 641 * 3,991 * 4,632 * 2,051 * 2,223 * 4,274 * 8,905 * 1,146 * 452 * 10,503 *MID EAST 33,751 217,558 251,309 102,528 187,379 289,907 541,215 44,235 26,953 612,403DELAWARE 458 3,889 4,347 1,635 2,804 4,439 8,786 594 515 9,895DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 668 * 3,177 * 3,845 * 662 * 1,284 * 1,946 * 5,791 * 544 * 428 * 6,763 *MARYLAND 4,698 30,101 34,799 8,526 15,817 24,343 59,142 6,332 3,777 69,251NEW JERSEY 5,166 * 39,314 * 44,480 * 22,470 * 47,594 * 70,065 * 114,545 * 19,930 * 6,430 * 140,905 *NEW YORK 11,903 88,516 100,419 43,587 82,117 125,704 226,123 3,071 9,621 238,815PENNSYLVANIA 10,858 * 52,560 * 63,418 * 25,648 * 37,762 * 63,410 * 126,828 13,764 * 6,182 * 146,774SOUTHEAST 55,151 451,262 506,413 108,670 210,442 319,111 825,525 72,923 52,131 950,579ALABAMA 2,407 22,471 24,878 7,774 13,633 21,407 46,285 4,385 2,879 53,549ARKANSAS 908 * 16,726 * 17,634 * 4,888 * 13,631 * 18,520 * 36,153 * 2,306 * 1,828 * 40,287 *FLORIDA 8,966 76,526 85,492 26,192 54,371 80,563 166,055 8,845 8,268 183,168GEORGIA 7,606 62,701 70,307 15,329 30,064 45,393 115,700 9,509 9,314 134,523KENTUCKY 3,981 25,440 29,421 4,842 7,025 11,867 41,288 3,505 2,514 47,307LOUISIANA 3,488 30,663 34,151 5,606 9,564 15,170 49,321 5,177 4,109 58,607MISSISSIPPI 1,454 * 19,604 * 21,058 * 4,903 * 9,607 * 14,510 * 35,568 * 2,157 * 2,675 * 40,400 *NORTH CAROLINA 9,091 58,317 67,408 10,048 17,921 27,969 95,377 8,608 7,019 111,004SOUTH CAROLINA 3,560 30,044 33,604 5,336 9,317 14,653 48,257 4,396 3,964 56,617TENNESSEE 5,861 * 39,454 * 45,315 * 7,999 * 11,736 * 19,734 * 65,049 * 8,325 * 3,440 * 76,814 *VIRGINIA 5,529 * 57,307 * 62,836 * 13,415 * 30,424 * 43,838 * 106,674 * 14,359 * 4,614 * 125,647 *WEST VIRGINIA 2,301 * 12,009 * 14,310 * 2,338 * 3,149 * 5,487 * 19,796 * 1,351 * 1,507 * 22,655 *GREAT LAKES 49,029 242,717 291,746 69,380 110,260 179,640 471,386 44,623 34,132 550,141ILLINOIS 13,661 83,327 96,988 18,443 26,165 44,608 141,596 6,029 8,722 156,347INDIANA 4,450 29,083 33,533 14,624 14,358 28,982 62,515 3,053 5,125 70,693MICHIGAN 12,115 * 37,718 * 49,832 * 11,660 * 36,306 * 47,966 * 97,798 * 12,692 * 9,902 * 120,392 *OHIO 11,591 59,413 71,004 16,147 23,477 39,624 110,628 19,273 7,905 137,806WISCONSIN 7,213 * 33,176 * 40,389 * 8,505 * 9,954 * 18,460 * 58,849 3,576 2,478 64,903PLAINS 17,346 110,521 127,867 42,999 59,253 102,252 230,120 15,754 12,755 258,629IOWA 3,757 19,840 23,597 5,239 6,645 11,884 35,481 2,713 1,500 39,694KANSAS 2,096 * 15,353 * 17,449 9,469 * 8,067 * 17,536 34,985 2,735 2,292 40,012MINNESOTA 4,877 * 21,927 * 26,804 * 10,683 * 15,246 * 25,930 * 52,734 1,826 * 2,857 * 57,417 *MISSOURI 2,822 * 31,602 * 34,424 * 11,802 * 21,656 * 33,458 * 67,882 * 4,206 * 4,008 * 76,096 *NEBRASKA 1,844 11,854 13,698 3,631 4,725 8,356 22,054 2,908 1,293 26,255NORTH DAKOTA 922 4,474 5,396 1,054 1,322 2,376 7,772 845 398 9,015SOUTH DAKOTA 1,028 5,471 6,499 1,121 1,592 2,713 9,212 521 407 10,140SOUTHWEST 30,352 224,794 255,146 74,589 124,574 199,163 454,309 29,769 30,620 514,697ARIZONA 6,323 * 33,935 * 40,258 * 7,106 * 9,580 * 16,686 * 56,944 * 3,119 * 2,177 * 62,239 *NEW MEXICO 2,582 12,473 15,055 2,993 3,859 6,852 21,907 2,234 1,067 25,208OKLAHOMA 3,775 25,595 29,370 5,598 7,387 12,985 42,355 5,149 2,751 50,255TEXAS 17,672 152,791 170,463 58,892 103,748 162,640 333,103 19,267 24,625 376,995ROCKY MOUNTAINS 7,380 51,099 58,479 19,970 28,765 48,734 107,214 9,258 7,232 123,704COLORADO 3,249 22,186 25,435 9,023 14,502 23,525 48,960 4,708 3,210 56,878IDAHO 953 * 7,141 * 8,094 * 3,226 * 4,104 * 7,329 * 15,424 * 766 * 998 * 17,188 *MONTANA 1,246 5,892 7,138 1,597 1,843 3,440 10,578 921 526 12,025UTAH 1,371 12,756 14,127 4,578 6,462 11,040 25,167 2,267 2,146 29,580WYOMING 561 3,124 3,685 1,546 1,854 3,400 7,085 596 352 8,033FAR WEST 52,156 223,595 275,751 65,659 78,042 143,701 419,452 39,038 30,030 488,520ALASKA 1,420 4,565 5,985 1,373 1,507 2,880 8,865 546 519 9,930CALIFORNIA 39,061 * 161,362 * 200,424 * 42,279 * 48,308 * 90,587 * 291,011 28,616 * 21,774 * 341,402 *HAWAII 913 5,370 6,283 2,072 3,327 5,399 11,682 2,123 527 14,332NEVADA 1,944 * 12,135 * 14,079 * 4,054 * 6,182 * 10,236 * 24,314 * 3,042 * 1,401 * 28,758 *OREGON 4,156 15,239 19,395 5,080 5,494 10,574 29,969 1,474 2,270 33,713WASHINGTON 4,662 24,924 29,586 10,801 13,224 24,025 53,611 3,237 3,538 60,386
SUMMARY TABLE E. ESTIMATED NUMBER OF INSTRUCTIONAL STAFF MEMBERS IN PUBLICELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS BY TYPE OF POSITION, 2009–10 (REVISED)
INSTRUC-ELEMENTARY SCHOOLCLASSROOM TEACHERS TOTAL
INSTRUC-SECONDARY SCHOOLMEN WOMEN MEN WOMEN
OTHER NON-SUPERVISORY
SUPERVISORSPRINCIPALS &
TIONAL STAFF9 10 11
TIONAL
Tables for the 50 States and the District of Columbia 91
TOTALREGION AND STATE TOTAL TOTAL TEACHERS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 850 STATES AND D.C. 264,872 1,630,135 1,895,006 509,852 833,937 1,343,789 3,238,795 283,795 207,137 3,729,727NEW ENGLAND 16,809 91,796 108,604 24,400 32,439 56,839 165,444 19,301 10,147 194,892CONNECTICUT 5,087 * 24,048 * 29,135 * 6,116 * 8,154 * 14,270 * 43,405 * 7,588 * 3,511 * 54,504 *MAINE 1,958 * 9,628 * 11,586 * 2,696 * 2,966 * 5,662 * 17,248 * 1,664 * 1,255 * 20,167 *MASSACHUSETTS 6,751 39,649 46,400 10,144 13,673 23,817 70,217 5,839 3,092 79,148NEW HAMPSHIRE 1,539 * 9,085 * 10,625 * 2,014 * 2,984 * 4,998 * 15,622 * 3,033 * 774 * 19,430 *RHODE ISLAND 833 * 5,396 * 6,229 * 1,381 * 2,441 * 3,821 * 10,050 * 0 * 1,058 * 11,108 *VERMONT 641 * 3,989 * 4,630 * 2,050 * 2,222 * 4,272 * 8,901 * 1,178 * 457 * 10,535 *MID EAST 33,900 218,331 252,231 102,693 187,668 290,361 542,592 44,176 27,269 614,037DELAWARE 456 * 3,869 * 4,324 * 1,626 * 2,789 * 4,416 * 8,740 * 588 * 452 * 9,780 *DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 673 * 3,202 * 3,875 * 667 * 1,294 * 1,961 * 5,835 * 437 * 438 * 6,710 *MARYLAND 4,870 * 31,203 * 36,074 * 8,838 * 16,396 * 25,235 * 61,308 * 6,833 * 3,635 * 71,776NEW JERSEY 5,204 * 39,596 * 44,800 * 22,631 * 47,937 * 70,568 * 115,368 * 19,867 * 6,541 * 141,776 *NEW YORK 11,784 87,631 99,415 43,151 81,296 124,447 223,862 3,040 9,525 236,427PENNSYLVANIA 10,914 * 52,830 * 63,744 * 25,780 * 37,956 * 63,735 * 127,479 * 13,410 * 6,678 * 147,567 *SOUTHEAST 55,774 457,686 513,461 109,484 213,357 322,841 836,302 74,853 52,950 964,105ALABAMA 2,469 * 23,050 * 25,519 * 7,974 * 13,984 * 21,959 * 47,478 * 4,877 * 2,992 * 55,347 *ARKANSAS 911 * 16,989 * 17,899 * 4,525 * 14,335 * 18,860 * 36,759 * 2,270 * 1,826 * 40,854 *FLORIDA 8,654 75,370 84,024 25,629 53,507 79,136 163,160 8,507 8,282 179,949GEORGIA 8,033 * 66,220 * 74,252 * 16,189 * 31,751 * 47,940 * 122,193 * 9,745 * 9,992 * 141,929 *KENTUCKY 4,020 25,694 29,714 4,891 7,095 11,986 41,700 3,540 2,539 47,779LOUISIANA 3,409 * 29,972 * 33,381 * 5,480 * 9,348 * 14,828 * 48,209 * 5,244 * 4,112 * 57,565 *MISSISSIPPI 1,471 * 19,830 * 21,301 * 4,959 * 9,718 * 14,677 * 35,978 * 2,206 * 2,782 * 40,966 *NORTH CAROLINA 9,091 * 58,317 * 67,408 * 10,048 * 17,921 * 27,969 * 95,377 8,487 6,777 110,641SOUTH CAROLINA 3,858 32,117 35,975 5,741 9,835 15,576 51,551 4,981 4,056 60,588TENNESSEE 5,965 * 40,160 * 46,126 * 8,142 * 11,945 * 20,087 * 66,213 * 8,906 * 3,416 * 78,535 *VIRGINIA 5,591 * 57,954 * 63,545 * 13,566 * 30,767 * 44,333 * 107,879 * 14,730 * 4,669 * 127,277 *WEST VIRGINIA 2,302 * 12,014 * 14,316 * 2,339 * 3,150 * 5,489 * 19,805 * 1,360 * 1,509 * 22,674 *GREAT LAKES 48,921 242,867 291,788 69,364 109,932 179,296 471,084 49,807 35,618 556,509ILLINOIS 14,015 * 85,488 * 99,503 * 18,921 * 26,844 * 45,765 * 145,267 * 6,077 * 8,887 * 160,231 *INDIANA 4,496 29,382 33,878 14,774 14,505 29,279 63,157 3,120 5,383 71,660MICHIGAN 11,974 * 37,280 * 49,254 * 11,525 * 35,884 * 47,409 * 96,663 * 13,232 * 10,020 * 119,914 *OHIO 11,240 * 57,612 * 68,852 * 15,658 * 22,765 * 38,423 * 107,275 * 23,902 * 8,872 * 140,050 *WISCONSIN 7,197 * 33,105 * 40,302 * 8,487 * 9,933 * 18,420 * 58,722 * 3,476 * 2,456 * 64,654 *PLAINS 18,201 112,839 131,040 42,110 57,803 99,914 230,953 15,563 12,988 259,504IOWA 4,614 * 21,946 * 26,560 * 4,284 * 5,069 * 9,353 * 35,913 * 2,657 * 1,517 * 40,086 *KANSAS 2,101 * 15,392 * 17,493 * 9,493 * 8,087 * 17,581 * 35,074 2,667 2,195 39,936MINNESOTA 4,835 * 21,739 * 26,574 * 10,592 * 15,115 * 25,707 * 52,281 * 1,791 * 2,889 * 56,960 *MISSOURI 2,849 * 31,910 * 34,760 * 11,917 * 21,868 * 33,784 * 68,544 * 4,234 * 4,027 * 76,806 *NEBRASKA 1,858 * 11,945 * 13,803 * 3,659 * 4,761 * 8,420 * 22,223 * 2,831 * 1,556 * 26,611 *NORTH DAKOTA 914 4,436 5,350 1,045 1,311 2,356 7,706 862 397 8,965SOUTH DAKOTA 1,028 5,471 6,499 1,121 1,592 2,713 9,212 521 407 10,140SOUTHWEST 30,894 227,050 257,944 74,499 124,190 198,690 456,634 30,352 30,839 517,825ARIZONA 6,474 * 34,746 * 41,220 * 7,276 * 9,809 * 17,085 * 58,305 * 3,127 * 2,313 * 63,745 *NEW MEXICO 2,579 * 12,459 * 15,038 * 2,990 * 3,855 * 6,844 * 21,882 * 2,320 * 1,088 * 25,290 *OKLAHOMA 4,169 * 27,054 * 31,223 * 5,342 * 6,779 * 12,121 * 43,344 * 5,638 * 2,813 * 51,796 *TEXAS 17,672 152,791 170,463 58,892 103,748 162,640 333,103 19,267 24,625 376,995ROCKY MOUNTAINS 7,527 52,260 59,786 20,423 29,427 49,850 109,636 9,674 7,474 126,784COLORADO 3,310 * 22,602 * 25,911 * 9,192 * 14,774 * 23,966 * 49,877 * 4,959 * 3,299 * 58,135 *IDAHO 969 * 7,255 * 8,223 * 3,277 * 4,169 * 7,446 * 15,670 * 765 * 1,000 * 17,434 *MONTANA 1,245 * 5,888 * 7,133 * 1,596 * 1,842 * 3,437 * 10,570 * 948 * 538 * 12,056 *UTAH 1,434 * 13,344 * 14,779 * 4,789 * 6,760 * 11,549 * 26,328 * 2,397 * 2,280 * 31,005 *WYOMING 569 3,171 3,740 1,569 1,882 3,451 7,191 605 358 8,154FAR WEST 52,845 227,307 280,152 66,878 79,120 145,998 426,150 40,069 29,852 496,070ALASKA 1,458 4,687 6,145 1,410 1,547 2,957 9,102 632 535 10,269CALIFORNIA 39,663 * 163,849 * 203,512 * 42,931 * 49,053 * 91,984 * 295,496 * 30,248 * 21,488 * 347,232 *HAWAII 663 5,092 5,755 2,100 2,996 5,096 10,851 1,191 480 12,522NEVADA 2,003 * 12,502 * 14,504 * 4,176 * 6,369 * 10,545 * 25,049 * 3,174 * 1,456 * 29,679 *OREGON 4,318 * 15,832 * 20,150 * 5,278 * 5,708 * 10,985 * 31,135 * 1,497 * 2,255 * 34,887 *WASHINGTON 4,741 * 25,345 * 30,086 * 10,984 * 13,447 * 24,431 * 54,517 * 3,326 * 3,637 * 61,481 *
SUMMARY TABLE F. ESTIMATED NUMBER OF INSTRUCTIONAL STAFF MEMBERS IN PUBLICELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS BY TYPE OF POSITION, 2010–11
INSTRUC-ELEMENTARY SCHOOLCLASSROOM TEACHERS TOTAL
INSTRUC-SECONDARY SCHOOLMEN WOMEN MEN WOMEN
OTHER NON-SUPERVISORY
SUPERVISORSPRINCIPALS &
TIONAL STAFF9 10 11
TIONAL
92 Rankings & Estimates 2010–2011
ALL ALLREGION AND STATE TEACHERS TEACHERS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 950 STATES AND D.C. 57,146 54,918 55,595 55,202 58,025 55,864 56,350 56,069 1.57 29.3NEW ENGLAND 63,811 62,342 62,015 62,230 65,349 63,761 63,426 63,646 2.28 35.4CONNECTICUT 68,412 * 64,350 * 64,350 * 64,350 * 69,981 * 65,571 * 65,571 * 65,571 * 1.90 * 24.4 *MAINE 46,106 * 46,106 * 46,106 * 46,106 * 47,182 * 47,182 * 47,182 * 47,182 * 2.33 * 29.7 *MASSACHUSETTS 69,273 69,273 69,273 69,273 71,017 71,017 71,017 71,017 2.52 46.0NEW HAMPSHIRE 51,443 51,443 51,443 51,443 52,516 * 52,792 * 52,792 * 52,792 * 2.62 * 37.8RHODE ISLAND 64,121 * 59,686 * 59,686 * 59,686 * 65,640 * 60,923 * 60,923 * 60,923 * 2.07 25.7 *VERMONT 55,053 * 49,084 * 49,084 * 49,084 * 56,947 * 50,141 * 50,141 * 50,141 * 2.15 * 31.1 *MID EAST 68,034 65,865 66,738 66,183 68,864 67,062 67,910 67,470 1.94 33.8DELAWARE 59,851 57,384 56,782 57,080 60,746 * 57,934 * 57,934 * 57,934 * 1.50 * 23.1DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 65,645 * 64,548 * 64,548 * 64,548 * 66,691 * 66,601 * 66,601 * 66,601 * 3.18 * 36.7 *MARYLAND 64,990 63,637 64,546 63,971 66,093 * 65,113 * 65,113 * 65,113 * 1.79 * 41.7NEW JERSEY 68,908 * 64,314 * 66,773 * 65,130 * 70,711 * 66,309 * 67,771 * 66,985 * 2.85 * 29.3 *NEW YORK 73,148 71,978 71,353 71,633 73,192 72,708 * 72,708 * 72,708 1.50 * 41.2PENNSYLVANIA 60,973 59,156 * 59,156 * 59,156 62,141 60,536 * 60,536 * 60,536 2.33 * 22.2 *SOUTHEAST 49,902 48,076 48,378 48,320 50,668 49,038 49,032 49,080 1.57 28.1ALABAMA 49,423 46,870 48,348 47,571 50,162 * 48,282 * 48,282 * 48,282 * 1.50 * 30.1ARKANSAS 48,400 46,700 * 46,700 * 46,700 49,500 47,700 * 47,700 * 47,700 2.14 37.7FLORIDA 48,070 46,708 46,708 46,708 47,881 46,702 46,702 46,702 –0.01 22.2GEORGIA 55,741 52,747 53,672 53,112 56,575 * 53,906 * 53,906 * 53,906 * 1.50 * 27.7KENTUCKY 50,282 48,426 49,223 49,543 50,785 48,910 49,715 50,038 1.00 36.8LOUISIANA 51,143 48,903 48,903 48,903 51,908 * 49,634 * 49,634 * 49,634 * 1.50 * 47.7MISSISSIPPI 46,694 * 45,644 * 45,644 * 45,644 * 48,084 * 46,818 * 46,818 * 46,818 * 2.57 * 46.5 *NORTH CAROLINA 46,850 46,850 46,850 46,850 46,850 46,850 46,850 46,850 0.00 12.9SOUTH CAROLINA 49,888 45,913 46,545 47,508 52,348 49,434 49,434 49,434 4.05 30.3TENNESSEE 48,126 * 46,290 * 46,290 * 46,290 * 48,864 * 47,043 * 47,043 * 47,043 * 1.63 * 25.7 *VIRGINIA 51,504 * 50,015 * 50,015 * 50,015 * 52,803 * 51,559 * 51,559 * 51,559 * 3.09 * 28.3 *WEST VIRGINIA 47,698 * 45,959 * 45,959 * 45,959 * 48,850 * 47,253 * 47,253 * 47,253 * 2.81 * 31.7 *GREAT LAKES 60,099 57,214 56,384 56,833 61,204 57,934 57,430 57,742 1.60 25.6ILLINOIS 62,492 62,077 62,077 62,077 63,527 * 63,005 * 63,005 * 63,005 * 1.50 * 31.7INDIANA 53,443 49,986 49,986 49,986 54,491 50,407 50,407 50,407 0.84 16.4MICHIGAN 65,285 * 57,958 * 57,958 * 57,958 * 66,952 * 58,595 * 58,595 * 58,595 * 1.10 * 14.2 *OHIO 58,580 56,861 55,109 55,958 59,456 * 57,291 * 57,291 * 57,291 * 2.38 * 34.2WISCONSIN 55,193 51,240 51,317 51,264 56,018 * 52,031 * 52,031 * 52,031 * 1.50 * 23.5PLAINS 49,592 47,532 47,603 47,564 50,684 48,210 48,413 48,298 1.54 31.3IOWA 51,402 49,969 48,944 49,626 52,483 * 50,634 * 50,634 * 50,634 * 2.03 * 38.8KANSAS 47,715 46,657 46,657 46,657 48,135 47,080 47,080 47,080 0.91 31.1MINNESOTA 56,474 * 52,431 * 52,431 * 52,431 58,091 * 53,215 * 53,215 * 53,215 * 1.50 * 26.1 *MISSOURI 47,445 * 45,317 * 45,317 * 45,317 * 48,674 * 46,411 * 46,411 * 46,411 * 2.41 * 31.7 *NEBRASKA 46,227 46,227 46,227 46,227 46,961 * 47,521 * 47,521 * 47,521 * 2.80 * 39.1NORTH DAKOTA 44,478 43,228 42,367 42,964 45,845 44,266 44,266 44,266 3.03 43.3SOUTH DAKOTA 40,315 38,887 38,719 38,837 41,285 35,201 35,201 35,201 –9.36 16.3SOUTHWEST 50,208 47,133 48,944 47,947 50,516 47,897 48,551 48,182 0.49 28.3ARIZONA 46,063 * 46,952 * 46,952 * 46,952 * 46,752 * 47,553 * 47,553 * 47,553 * 1.28 * 27.9 *NEW MEXICO 48,647 45,705 46,568 46,258 49,660 * 46,950 * 46,950 * 46,950 * 1.50 * 39.0OKLAHOMA 48,941 43,919 55,975 47,691 50,847 * 49,039 * 49,039 * 49,039 * 2.83 * 42.2TEXAS 51,165 47,855 48,687 48,261 51,165 47,855 48,687 48,261 0.00 25.8ROCKY MOUNTAINS 50,069 47,783 48,440 48,104 51,079 48,844 49,099 48,960 1.78 31.3COLORADO 51,537 48,759 49,580 49,202 52,309 * 49,938 * 49,938 * 49,938 * 1.50 * 27.4IDAHO 48,255 * 46,283 * 46,283 * 46,283 * 49,419 * 47,416 * 47,416 * 47,416 * 2.45 * 27.8 *MONTANA 45,759 45,759 45,759 45,759 47,132 * 47,132 * 47,132 * 47,132 * 3.00 * 41.8UTAH 47,884 * 45,885 * 45,885 * 45,885 49,102 * 46,571 * 46,571 * 46,571 * 1.50 * 27.8 *WYOMING 58,050 55,545 56,204 55,861 59,211 56,656 57,328 56,978 2.00 64.3FAR WEST 64,720 64,285 62,931 63,820 65,916 65,488 63,979 64,971 1.80 30.7ALASKA 69,864 59,672 59,672 59,672 72,601 61,093 61,093 61,093 2.38 27.0CALIFORNIA 68,203 * 68,203 * 68,203 * 68,203 * 69,434 * 69,434 * 69,434 * 69,434 * 1.80 * 32.3 *HAWAII 56,241 55,063 55,063 55,063 56,241 55,063 55,063 55,063 0.00 37.5NEVADA 52,538 * 51,524 * 51,524 * 51,524 * 53,736 * 53,023 * 53,023 * 53,023 * 2.91 * 31.1 *OREGON 57,705 54,910 55,837 55,224 58,920 * 56,387 * 56,387 * 56,387 * 2.11 * 25.3WASHINGTON 55,913 52,850 53,193 53,003 56,749 * 53,796 * 53,796 * 53,796 * 1.50 * 27.7
SUMMARY TABLE G. ESTIMATED AVERAGE ANNUAL SALARIES OFTOTAL INSTRUCTIONAL STAFF AND OF CLASSROOM TEACHERS, 2009–10 (REVISED) AND 2010–11
INSTR.STAFF ELEM. SEC.
INSTR.STAFF
2009–10 2000–01(CURRENT $) (CURRENT $)
10 11
2009–10 (REVISED) AVERAGESALARY FOR CLASSROOM TEACHERS
2010–11 AVERAGESALARY FOR CLASSROOM TEACHERS
ALL TEACHERS
ELEM. SEC.
% CHANGE VERSUS
Tables for the 50 States and the District of Columbia 93
REGION AND STATE1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
50 STATES AND D.C. 64,848,761 263,865,668 253,168,227 581,882,656 11.1 45.3 43.5 36,730,129 618,612,785NEW ENGLAND 2,654,893 14,373,530 17,354,101 34,382,524 8.1 47.2 44.6 249,988 34,632,512CONNECTICUT 640,789 * 3,467,617 * 5,128,491 * 9,236,897 * 6.9 * 37.5 * 55.5 * 13,093 * 9,249,990 *MAINE 306,182 * 1,041,027 * 1,407,874 * 2,755,083 * 11.1 * 37.8 * 51.1 * 186,547 * 2,941,630 *MASSACHUSETTS 1,180,531 6,394,311 7,867,928 15,442,770 7.6 41.4 50.9 1,646 15,444,416NEW HAMPSHIRE 154,489 * 983,413 * 1,637,919 * 2,775,821 * 5.6 * 35.4 * 59.0 * 28,586 * 2,804,407 *RHODE ISLAND 243,348 * 1,051,099 * 1,294,622 * 2,589,069 * 9.4 * 40.6 * 50.0 * 0 * 2,589,069 *VERMONT 129,555 * 1,436,062 * 17,267 * 1,582,884 * 8.2 * 90.7 * 1.1 * 20,116 * 1,603,000 *MID EAST 7,691,986 48,020,251 60,766,731 116,478,967 7.3 37.6 55.1 523,920 117,002,887DELAWARE 150,101 * 1,222,430 * 578,487 * 1,951,018 * 7.7 * 62.7 * 29.7 * 213,508 * 2,164,526 *DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 110,654 * 0 * 811,821 * 922,475 * 12.0 * 0.0 * 88.0 * 0 * 922,475 *MARYLAND 869,056 * 6,346,273 * 6,934,293 * 14,149,622 * 6.1 * 44.9 * 49.0 * 123,163 * 14,272,784 *NEW JERSEY 762,943 * 8,304,834 * 14,841,376 * 23,909,153 * 3.2 * 34.7 * 62.1 * 3,282 * 23,912,435 *NEW YORK 3,985,646 * 21,492,340 * 22,302,290 * 47,780,275 * 8.3 * 45.0 * 46.7 * 3,564 * 47,783,840 *PENNSYLVANIA 1,813,586 * 10,654,374 * 15,298,465 * 27,766,424 * 6.5 * 38.4 * 55.1 * 180,402 * 27,946,826 *SOUTHEAST 15,449,800 56,989,475 53,757,755 126,197,029 12.9 49.2 37.9 5,966,783 132,163,812ALABAMA 1,249,736 4,009,513 2,079,317 7,338,566 17.0 54.6 28.3 110,240 7,448,806ARKANSAS 591,322 * 2,890,623 * 1,667,584 * 5,149,530 * 11.5 * 56.1 * 32.4 * 302,967 * 5,452,496 *FLORIDA 4,120,093 8,514,685 14,145,403 26,780,181 15.4 31.8 52.8 1,022,387 27,802,568GEORGIA 1,782,265 * 8,086,671 * 9,234,234 * 19,103,170 * 9.3 * 42.3 * 48.3 * 511,343 * 19,614,512 *KENTUCKY 1,099,132 3,761,431 2,108,773 6,969,336 15.8 54.0 30.3 7,021 6,976,357LOUISIANA 1,414,497 3,739,821 3,059,619 8,213,937 17.2 45.5 37.2 1,228,562 9,442,499MISSISSIPPI 717,286 * 2,393,376 * 1,380,799 * 4,491,461 * 16.0 * 53.3 * 30.7 * 90,085 * 4,581,546 *NORTH CAROLINA 1,128,582 7,346,787 4,103,693 12,579,062 9.0 58.4 32.6 0 * 12,579,062SOUTH CAROLINA 785,166 3,572,725 3,373,010 7,730,901 10.2 46.2 43.6 804,599 8,535,500TENNESSEE 1,122,235 3,918,616 3,220,396 8,261,247 13.6 47.4 39.0 367,516 8,628,763VIRGINIA 990,147 * 6,753,305 * 8,471,640 * 16,215,092 * 6.1 * 41.6 * 52.2 * 1,129,776 * 17,344,868 *WEST VIRGINIA 449,339 * 2,001,921 * 913,287 * 3,364,547 * 13.4 * 59.5 * 27.1 * 392,288 * 3,756,836 *GREAT LAKES 8,847,418 34,845,686 41,216,733 84,909,837 10.3 43.4 46.3 3,190,690 88,100,527ILLINOIS 3,125,850 * 4,371,941 * 16,749,632 * 24,247,422 * 12.9 * 18.0 * 69.1 * 1,781,636 * 26,029,058 *INDIANA 973,850 5,810,026 4,292,918 11,076,794 8.8 52.5 38.8 592,105 11,668,899MICHIGAN 1,721,071 * 11,348,961 * 6,588,916 * 19,658,948 * 8.8 * 57.7 * 33.5 * 349,640 * 20,008,588 *OHIO 1,613,564 * 8,434,846 * 8,663,142 * 18,711,553 * 8.6 * 45.1 * 46.3 * 0 * 18,711,553 *WISCONSIN 1,413,083 * 4,879,912 * 4,922,125 * 11,215,120 * 12.6 * 43.5 * 43.9 * 467,309 11,682,429 *PLAINS 3,840,004 18,594,334 14,957,755 37,392,093 11.4 44.7 43.9 5,046,922 42,439,015IOWA 554,898 2,439,029 2,452,570 5,446,497 10.2 44.8 45.0 302,019 5,748,516KANSAS 726,587 2,867,835 1,924,241 5,518,663 13.2 52.0 34.9 395,755 5,914,418MINNESOTA 907,950 * 7,990,103 * 1,559,491 * 10,457,544 * 8.7 * 76.4 * 14.9 * 1,373,080 * 11,830,625 *MISSOURI 1,062,468 * 3,237,486 * 6,139,374 * 10,439,328 * 10.2 * 31.0 * 58.8 * 1,378,628 * 11,817,956 *NEBRASKA 216,621 1,238,316 1,688,176 3,143,113 6.9 39.4 53.7 27,273 3,170,386NORTH DAKOTA 118,014 431,147 551,339 1,100,500 10.7 39.2 50.1 26,378 1,126,878SOUTH DAKOTA 253,466 390,418 642,563 1,286,447 19.7 30.3 49.9 1,543,789 2,830,236SOUTHWEST 11,231,965 30,885,414 28,994,568 71,111,947 13.5 53.4 33.1 7,736,884 78,848,830ARIZONA 766,503 * 5,164,644 * 3,871,803 * 9,802,950 * 7.8 * 52.7 * 39.5 * 0 * 9,802,950 *NEW MEXICO 590,876 * 2,773,024 * 598,041 * 3,961,941 * 14.9 * 70.0 * 15.1 * 566,200 * 4,528,141 *OKLAHOMA 813,605 * 3,183,873 * 2,059,849 * 6,057,327 * 13.4 * 52.6 * 34.0 * 519,645 * 6,576,971 *TEXAS 9,060,980 19,763,874 22,464,875 51,289,729 17.7 38.5 43.8 6,651,039 57,940,768ROCKY MOUNTAINS 1,771,362 9,591,105 7,814,870 19,177,338 9.9 52.7 37.4 1,526,302 20,703,640COLORADO 621,593 3,862,207 4,284,386 8,768,186 7.1 44.0 48.9 876,659 9,644,845IDAHO 229,817 * 1,626,899 * 520,448 * 2,377,164 * 9.7 * 68.4 * 21.9 * 242,725 * 2,619,889 *MONTANA 189,404 * 713,087 * 588,577 * 1,491,068 * 12.7 * 47.8 * 39.5 * 25,523 * 1,516,592 *UTAH 606,478 * 2,507,743 * 1,715,372 * 4,829,593 * 12.6 * 51.9 * 35.5 * 379,327 * 5,208,920 *WYOMING 124,071 881,169 706,087 1,711,327 7.2 51.5 41.3 2,067 1,713,394FAR WEST 13,361,332 50,565,873 28,305,716 92,232,921 13.0 56.3 30.7 12,488,641 104,721,562ALASKA 176,158 * 894,235 * 337,372 * 1,407,764 * 12.5 * 63.5 * 24.0 * 176,047 * 1,583,811 *CALIFORNIA 10,268,181 36,407,911 19,986,442 66,662,534 15.4 54.6 30.0 9,938,490 76,601,024HAWAII 512,424 1,978,372 88,981 2,579,777 19.9 76.7 3.4 0 2,579,777NEVADA 271,349 * 1,139,786 * 2,005,578 * 3,416,713 * 7.9 * 33.4 * 58.7 * 2,111,030 * 5,527,743 *OREGON 611,262 3,261,945 2,525,031 6,398,238 9.6 51.0 39.5 250,000 6,648,238WASHINGTON 1,521,959 6,883,624 3,362,312 11,767,895 12.9 58.5 28.6 13,074 11,780,969
SUMMARY TABLE H. ESTIMATED REVENUE AND NONREVENUE RECEIPTS, 2009–10 (REVISED)
FEDERAL STATE OTHERS TOTALLOCAL &
REVENUE RECEIPTS ('000s)
FEDERAL STATE
TOTAL RECEIPTS(COLS. 5 & 9)
('000s)OTHERSLOCAL &
% OF REVENUE RECEIPTS NONREVENUERECEIPTS('000s)
94 Rankings & Estimates 2010–2011
REGION AND STATE1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
50 STATES AND D.C. 62,628,361 273,052,487 260,590,207 596,271,055 10.5 45.8 43.7 36,141,126 632,412,181NEW ENGLAND 2,453,046 14,132,515 17,727,302 34,312,863 7.0 45.9 47.1 232,519 34,545,382CONNECTICUT 679,460 * 3,554,804 * 5,314,955 * 9,549,219 7.1 37.2 55.7 13,365 * 9,562,585MAINE 324,584 * 1,064,897 * 1,476,120 * 2,865,602 11.3 37.2 51.5 194,826 * 3,060,427MASSACHUSETTS 1,100,000 6,330,368 8,025,287 15,455,655 7.1 41.0 51.9 1,646 15,457,301NEW HAMPSHIRE 160,174 * 995,369 * 1,744,395 * 2,899,938 5.5 34.3 60.2 3,173 * 2,903,110RHODE ISLAND 52,596 * 654,734 * 1,137,063 * 1,844,393 * 2.9 * 35.5 * 61.6 * 0 * 1,844,393 *VERMONT 136,231 * 1,532,343 * 29,483 * 1,698,057 8.0 90.2 1.7 19,509 * 1,717,566MID EAST 8,059,599 50,073,670 63,221,669 121,354,938 7.2 37.6 55.2 518,518 121,873,456DELAWARE 155,490 * 1,285,717 * 618,319 * 2,059,526 7.5 62.4 30.0 218,967 * 2,278,493DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 107,805 * 0 * 827,917 * 935,721 11.5 0.0 88.5 0 * 935,721MARYLAND 904,480 * 6,892,288 * 7,292,354 * 15,089,122 6.0 45.7 48.3 115,849 * 15,204,971NEW JERSEY 776,922 * 8,419,797 * 15,540,905 * 24,737,623 3.1 34.0 62.8 5,936 * 24,743,560NEW YORK 4,271,323 * 22,200,857 * 22,918,727 * 49,390,908 8.6 44.9 46.4 0 * 49,390,908PENNSYLVANIA 1,843,579 * 11,275,011 * 16,023,447 * 29,142,038 6.3 38.7 55.0 177,766 * 29,319,803SOUTHEAST 16,121,009 60,009,502 56,333,264 132,463,775 12.8 49.0 38.2 6,720,297 139,184,072ALABAMA 1,331,495 * 4,232,457 * 2,144,279 * 7,708,230 17.3 54.9 27.8 107,285 * 7,815,515ARKANSAS 621,304 * 3,063,809 * 1,758,457 * 5,443,570 11.4 56.3 32.3 301,431 * 5,745,002FLORIDA 4,476,283 9,584,130 13,012,356 27,072,769 16.5 35.4 48.1 1,022,387 28,095,156GEORGIA 1,997,406 * 9,524,614 * 10,806,140 * 22,328,160 8.9 42.7 48.4 1,180,553 * 23,508,713KENTUCKY 1,110,124 3,804,487 2,129,861 7,044,472 15.8 54.0 30.2 7,091 7,051,563LOUISIANA 1,414,497 3,739,821 3,059,619 8,213,937 17.2 45.5 37.2 1,228,562 9,442,499MISSISSIPPI 746,932 * 2,480,279 * 1,446,473 * 4,673,684 16.0 53.1 30.9 64,717 * 4,738,401NORTH CAROLINA 942,224 6,637,624 5,346,559 12,926,407 7.3 51.3 41.4 0 * 12,926,407SOUTH CAROLINA 808,721 3,572,725 3,474,200 7,855,646 10.3 45.5 44.2 828,737 8,684,383TENNESSEE 1,180,334 * 4,127,387 * 3,324,329 * 8,632,049 13.7 47.8 38.5 372,552 * 9,004,601VIRGINIA 1,020,133 * 7,177,830 * 8,891,905 * 17,089,869 6.0 42.0 52.0 1,174,693 * 18,264,562WEST VIRGINIA 471,556 * 2,064,340 * 939,087 * 3,474,982 13.6 59.4 27.0 432,288 * 3,907,270GREAT LAKES 9,361,232 34,962,959 42,433,297 86,757,487 10.6 43.0 46.4 3,023,636 89,781,123ILLINOIS 3,434,629 * 4,250,781 * 17,638,210 * 25,323,620 13.6 16.8 69.7 1,789,470 * 27,113,090INDIANA 1,025,025 * 5,928,234 * 4,308,004 * 11,261,263 9.1 52.6 38.3 538,021 * 11,799,284MICHIGAN 1,764,023 * 11,385,003 * 6,843,832 * 19,992,857 8.8 56.9 34.2 346,681 * 20,339,538OHIO 1,688,444 * 8,394,611 * 8,595,632 * 18,678,687 9.0 44.9 46.0 0 * 18,678,687WISCONSIN 1,449,111 * 5,004,330 * 5,047,619 * 11,501,060 12.6 43.5 43.9 349,464 11,850,524 *PLAINS 3,987,014 19,524,114 15,217,467 38,728,595 11.3 45.5 43.2 3,435,993 42,164,589IOWA 589,902 * 2,536,637 * 2,532,452 * 5,658,991 10.4 44.8 44.8 300,838 * 5,959,829KANSAS 675,900 3,156,714 1,686,049 5,518,663 12.2 57.2 30.6 100,000 5,618,663MINNESOTA 975,331 * 8,310,783 * 1,514,859 * 10,800,973 9.0 76.9 14.0 1,420,912 * 12,221,885MISSOURI 1,128,765 * 3,327,251 * 6,422,759 * 10,878,776 10.4 30.6 59.0 1,477,484 * 12,356,259NEBRASKA 233,689 1,335,772 1,821,035 3,390,496 6.9 39.4 53.7 29,420 3,419,916NORTH DAKOTA 117,541 453,922 573,284 1,144,747 10.3 39.7 50.1 23,759 1,168,506SOUTH DAKOTA 265,885 * 403,034 * 667,030 * 1,335,949 19.9 30.2 49.9 83,581 * 1,419,530SOUTHWEST 9,055,004 32,835,314 29,653,059 71,543,376 12.3 54.3 33.4 7,887,720 79,431,096ARIZONA 804,700 * 5,439,921 * 4,038,240 * 10,282,861 7.8 52.9 39.3 0 * 10,282,861NEW MEXICO 608,096 * 2,911,566 * 641,251 * 4,160,913 14.6 70.0 15.4 676,536 * 4,837,448OKLAHOMA 853,968 * 3,335,950 * 2,170,187 * 6,360,106 13.4 52.5 34.1 560,145 * 6,920,251TEXAS 6,788,240 21,147,876 22,803,380 50,739,496 13.4 41.7 44.9 6,651,039 57,390,535ROCKY MOUNTAINS 1,867,269 9,943,838 8,024,461 19,835,568 10.0 52.8 37.2 1,579,971 21,415,539COLORADO 627,436 3,898,512 4,324,659 8,850,607 7.1 44.0 48.9 884,899 9,735,506IDAHO 238,104 * 1,743,770 * 515,296 * 2,497,169 9.5 69.8 20.6 253,972 * 2,751,141MONTANA 196,476 * 734,303 * 601,691 * 1,532,470 12.8 47.9 39.3 25,208 * 1,557,678UTAH 668,575 * 2,664,302 * 1,846,838 * 5,179,715 12.9 51.4 35.7 411,453 * 5,591,168WYOMING 136,679 902,951 735,977 1,775,607 7.7 50.9 41.4 4,439 1,780,046FAR WEST 11,724,188 51,570,576 27,979,688 91,274,452 11.7 57.8 30.6 12,742,473 104,016,925ALASKA 178,734 * 907,491 * 342,469 * 1,428,694 12.5 63.5 24.0 179,229 * 1,607,923CALIFORNIA 8,668,398 36,951,845 19,404,837 65,025,080 13.3 56.8 29.8 9,938,490 74,963,570HAWAII 305,716 1,926,764 92,772 2,325,252 13.1 82.9 4.0 0 2,325,252NEVADA 277,822 * 1,183,699 * 2,002,151 * 3,463,673 8.0 34.2 57.8 2,345,420 * 5,809,093OREGON 641,875 * 3,410,807 * 2,620,859 * 6,673,541 9.6 51.1 39.3 266,911 * 6,940,452WASHINGTON 1,651,642 * 7,189,970 * 3,516,601 * 12,358,213 13.4 58.2 28.5 12,422 * 12,370,635
SUMMARY TABLE I. ESTIMATED REVENUE AND NONREVENUE RECEIPTS, 2010–11
FEDERAL STATE OTHERS TOTALLOCAL &
REVENUE RECEIPTS ('000s)
FEDERAL STATE
TOTAL RECEIPTS(COLS. 5 & 9)
('000s)OTHERSLOCAL &
% OF REVENUE RECEIPTS NONREVENUERECEIPTS('000s)
Tables for the 50 States and the District of Columbia 95
REGION AND STATE1
50 STATES AND D.C. 520,209,431 11,144 10,586 11,993,992 58,008,788 19,742,212 609,954,424NEW ENGLAND 31,254,710 16,263 14,693 255,543 1,656,125 591,425 33,757,803CONNECTICUT 8,223,861 * 14,412 * 14,472 * 73,986 * 755,921 * 175,911 * 9,229,679 *MAINE 2,701,791 * 15,367 * 14,247 * 7,308 * 201,924 * 32,165 * 2,943,188 *MASSACHUSETTS 14,119,859 15,666 * 14,766 * 70,386 533,942 282,348 15,006,535NEW HAMPSHIRE 2,548,445 * 13,857 * 12,979 * 8,141 * 74,889 * 47,118 * 2,678,593 *RHODE ISLAND 2,232,474 * 17,879 * 15,384 * 23,933 * 26,111 * 39,428 * 2,321,947 *VERMONT 1,428,281 * 20,396 * 16,308 * 71,789 * 63,339 * 14,454 * 1,577,862 *MID EAST 105,911,397 14,544 14,646 2,590,911 6,974,306 3,093,465 118,570,080DELAWARE 1,711,261 * 14,792 * 13,496 * 21,578 * 275,694 * 133,122 * 2,141,655 *DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 1,026,439 * 13,519 * 13,519 * 3,446 * 285,083 * 0 * 1,314,968 *MARYLAND 12,084,595 * 14,268 * 14,244 * 318,729 * 1,050,121 * 157,296 * 13,610,741 *NEW JERSEY 23,290,981 * 16,429 * 16,967 * 125,570 * 143,389 * 463,362 * 24,023,303 *NEW YORK 45,136,445 * 14,819 * 16,922 * 1,366,424 * 2,784,393 * 1,229,647 * 50,516,910 *PENNSYLVANIA 22,661,675 * 13,437 * 12,728 * 755,164 * 2,435,625 * 1,110,038 * 26,962,503 *SOUTHEAST 114,476,667 10,486 9,702 2,317,303 11,034,997 3,412,080 131,241,047ALABAMA 6,670,531 9,500 * 9,001 * 124,555 675,140 125,963 7,596,189ARKANSAS 5,118,774 * 13,765 * 11,171 * 31,639 * 325,965 * 136,656 * 5,613,034 *FLORIDA 23,618,034 9,501 * 8,963 * 756,322 4,014,201 789,030 29,177,587GEORGIA 17,668,032 * 11,036 * 10,594 * 37,290 * 305,586 * 249,034 * 18,259,942 *KENTUCKY 6,259,504 10,163 * 9,603 * 67,944 409,697 153,724 6,890,869LOUISIANA 7,427,166 11,545 * 10,750 * 32,649 1,117,767 109,097 8,686,679MISSISSIPPI 3,843,176 * 8,094 * 7,752 * 10,233 * 333,369 * 77,448 * 4,264,227 *NORTH CAROLINA 12,078,541 9,082 * 8,529 * 0 * 922,198 0 * 13,000,739SOUTH CAROLINA 6,788,278 10,224 9,531 117,895 1,337,178 364,162 8,607,513TENNESSEE 7,822,048 8,742 * 8,199 * 168,712 68,389 238,920 8,298,069VIRGINIA 14,058,487 * 12,225 * 11,290 * 929,707 * 1,361,175 * 755,296 * 17,104,666 *WEST VIRGINIA 3,124,095 * 11,956 * 11,043 * 40,357 * 164,332 * 412,749 * 3,741,533 *GREAT LAKES 82,110,051 11,793 10,826 1,202,820 3,628,667 3,708,054 90,649,591ILLINOIS 24,125,581 * 12,258 * 11,457 * 512,033 * 2,128,594 * 803,430 * 27,569,638 *INDIANA 10,587,773 10,728 * 10,120 * 59,213 828,099 1,184,505 12,659,590MICHIGAN 19,397,982 * 12,596 * 11,595 * 308,509 * 0 * 1,195,038 * 20,901,528 *OHIO 18,027,439 * 10,958 * 9,528 * 0 * 0 * 0 * 18,027,439 *WISCONSIN 9,971,276 * 12,425 * 11,429 * 323,065 * 671,974 * 525,081 * 11,491,396PLAINS 31,409,365 10,285 9,509 782,751 4,568,108 1,128,186 37,888,410IOWA 4,637,010 10,571 * 9,455 * 44,928 726,086 82,538 5,490,562KANSAS 4,451,177 9,804 * 9,264 * 0 883,748 199,275 5,534,200MINNESOTA 9,325,184 * 12,120 * 11,447 * 453,784 * 1,614,885 * 438,457 * 11,832,310 *MISSOURI 8,199,563 * 9,811 * 9,076 * 188,445 * 746,410 * 297,268 * 9,431,686 *NEBRASKA 2,883,114 10,791 * 9,760 * 8,633 347,437 75,717 3,314,901NORTH DAKOTA 800,451 9,311 * 8,541 * 81,260 88,940 12,042 982,693SOUTH DAKOTA 1,112,866 * 9,588 * 9,021 * 5,700 * 160,602 * 22,889 * 1,302,058 *SOUTHWEST 59,916,873 9,164 8,544 1,988,812 12,138,986 3,726,418 77,771,090ARIZONA 6,650,332 * 6,461 * 6,170 * 0 * 798,953 * 586,009 * 8,035,293 *NEW MEXICO 3,530,812 * 11,710 * 10,812 * 4,285 * 871,180 * 49,200 * 4,455,477 *OKLAHOMA 5,215,280 * 8,558 * 7,968 * 17,509 * 512,861 * 56,735 * 5,802,386 *TEXAS 44,520,449 9,925 * 9,227 * 1,967,019 9,955,992 3,034,474 59,477,934ROCKY MOUNTAINS 16,797,711 11,174 9,865 174,158 2,835,780 670,243 20,477,893COLORADO 8,016,734 10,385 * 9,631 * 59,520 1,095,216 461,417 9,632,887IDAHO 2,213,012 * 8,404 * 7,875 * 0 * 427,689 * 72,169 * 2,712,870 *MONTANA 1,363,153 * 11,747 * 9,613 * 142 * 32,193 * 12,895 * 1,408,383 *UTAH 3,863,364 * 8,704 * 6,859 * 105,337 * 939,401 * 121,737 * 5,029,839 *WYOMING 1,341,448 16,628 * 15,345 * 9,160 341,281 2,025 1,693,914FAR WEST 78,332,657 10,677 9,926 2,681,693 15,171,818 3,412,341 99,598,510ALASKA 1,448,319 * 12,355 * 11,000 * 691 * 39,243 * 66,889 * 1,555,141 *CALIFORNIA 55,183,767 9,118 * 8,846 * 2,492,734 10,844,778 2,280,900 70,802,179HAWAII 2,048,496 12,514 * 11,521 * 25,000 25,541 105,570 2,204,607NEVADA 3,512,607 * 7,757 * 7,813 * 22,684 * 783,260 * 270,081 * 4,588,632 *OREGON 5,884,623 11,792 * 10,476 * 27,779 250,000 260,000 6,422,402WASHINGTON 10,254,846 10,527 * 9,900 * 112,805 3,228,996 428,902 14,025,549
SUMMARY TABLE J. ESTIMATED EXPENDITURES FOR PUBLIC SCHOOLS, 2009–10 (REVISED)
AMOUNT('000s) IN ADA IN ENR
PER STUDENTELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY DAY SCHOOLSTOTAL CURRENT EXPENDITURES FOR PUBLIC
PROGRAMSOTHER
EXPENDITURESCURRENT
CAPITALOUTLAY('000s)
INTEREST ONSCHOOL DEBT
('000s)
TOTAL OFCOLUMNS
2, 5, 6, & 7('000s)
6 7 82 3 4 5
96 Rankings & Estimates 2010–2011
REGION AND STATE1
50 STATES AND D.C. 532,223,619 11,397 10,826 12,052,678 60,500,369 20,625,182 625,401,848NEW ENGLAND 31,789,313 17,000 15,316 243,284 1,713,068 598,648 34,344,313CONNECTICUT 8,484,231 * 14,778 14,989 75,659 * 797,879 * 181,123 * 9,538,892MAINE 2,816,994 * 16,202 15,032 5,840 * 208,420 * 30,707 * 3,061,961MASSACHUSETTS 14,133,979 15,708 14,828 70,456 534,476 282,630 15,021,541NEW HAMPSHIRE 2,666,511 * 14,607 13,797 8,221 * 64,965 * 47,466 * 2,787,163RHODE ISLAND 2,193,529 * 18,589 15,803 10,192 * 44,221 * 42,312 * 2,290,254 *VERMONT 1,494,070 * 22,115 17,447 72,915 * 63,108 * 14,409 * 1,644,503MID EAST 110,309,519 15,158 15,305 2,712,276 7,286,165 3,261,200 123,569,160DELAWARE 1,794,300 * 15,646 13,960 22,758 * 295,146 * 148,382 * 2,260,587DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 1,051,924 * 13,803 13,803 2,981 * 302,316 * 0 * 1,357,221MARYLAND 12,834,707 * 15,403 15,268 334,350 * 1,144,001 * 167,552 * 14,480,610NEW JERSEY 24,203,175 * 16,909 17,717 130,056 * 118,514 * 491,088 * 24,942,833NEW YORK 46,905,790 * 15,202 17,750 1,402,970 * 2,856,688 * 1,283,668 * 52,449,116PENNSYLVANIA 23,519,622 * 13,984 13,334 819,160 * 2,569,499 * 1,170,511 * 28,078,792SOUTHEAST 117,378,261 10,880 9,934 2,398,888 10,279,402 3,491,999 133,548,549ALABAMA 7,026,567 * 9,988 9,483 131,444 * 739,154 * 130,878 * 8,028,043ARKANSAS 5,512,621 * 15,100 11,999 33,014 * 324,003 * 148,057 * 6,017,695FLORIDA 23,914,328 9,655 9,124 748,977 3,532,497 796,727 28,992,529GEORGIA 18,536,859 * 11,315 10,971 34,610 * 200,875 * 249,070 * 19,021,414KENTUCKY 6,327,541 10,172 9,612 68,624 413,206 155,261 6,964,632LOUISIANA 7,427,166 11,641 10,578 32,649 1,117,767 109,097 8,686,679MISSISSIPPI 3,973,714 * 8,367 8,003 10,494 * 361,901 * 79,364 * 4,425,473NORTH CAROLINA 11,671,670 8,991 8,303 0 * 568,594 0 * 12,240,264SOUTH CAROLINA 6,890,102 10,237 9,616 119,663 1,357,236 369,624 8,736,625TENNESSEE 8,154,262 * 9,755 8,393 187,663 * 60,297 * 246,334 * 8,648,557VIRGINIA 14,720,696 * 12,742 11,753 989,146 * 1,425,860 * 757,007 * 17,892,710WEST VIRGINIA 3,222,734 * 12,597 11,369 42,602 * 178,013 * 450,578 * 3,893,928GREAT LAKES 84,449,547 12,134 11,121 1,226,029 3,778,093 3,787,982 93,241,651ILLINOIS 25,064,787 * 12,630 11,896 521,625 * 2,246,491 * 852,011 * 28,684,914INDIANA 10,926,879 11,012 10,390 57,432 828,163 1,222,026 13,034,500MICHIGAN 19,969,147 * 13,071 12,015 301,449 * 0 * 1,271,050 * 21,541,647OHIO 18,207,449 * 11,079 9,512 0 * 0 * 0 * 18,207,449 *WISCONSIN 10,281,284 * 12,879 11,791 345,523 * 703,439 * 442,894 * 11,773,141 *PLAINS 32,536,777 10,687 9,868 810,540 4,716,349 1,170,923 39,234,588IOWA 4,843,755 * 11,160 9,856 45,157 * 767,823 * 85,556 * 5,742,291KANSAS 4,451,177 9,795 9,254 0 878,023 205,000 5,534,200MINNESOTA 9,644,663 * 12,577 11,905 472,568 * 1,684,785 * 454,619 * 12,256,636MISSOURI 8,516,020 * 10,174 9,422 194,248 * 750,396 * 308,158 * 9,768,822NEBRASKA 3,110,016 11,641 10,452 9,312 374,780 81,676 3,575,784NORTH DAKOTA 817,604 9,590 8,880 83,115 88,415 12,553 1,001,687SOUTH DAKOTA 1,153,542 * 9,869 9,310 6,139 * 172,127 * 23,360 * 1,355,168SOUTHWEST 60,118,974 9,325 8,808 2,132,426 13,449,562 4,162,008 79,862,970ARIZONA 6,908,908 * 6,708 6,448 0 * 803,177 * 615,482 * 8,327,567NEW MEXICO 3,709,570 * 11,860 11,346 4,063 * 968,404 * 51,459 * 4,733,496OKLAHOMA 5,457,661 * 8,914 8,311 16,774 * 546,254 * 59,364 * 6,080,052TEXAS 44,042,836 9,818 9,128 2,111,589 11,131,727 3,435,703 60,721,855ROCKY MOUNTAINS 17,367,022 11,590 10,157 175,309 2,975,507 691,108 21,208,946COLORADO 8,092,091 10,339 9,588 60,080 1,105,511 465,755 9,723,437IDAHO 2,310,612 * 8,651 8,101 0 * 484,386 * 79,435 * 2,874,433MONTANA 1,401,496 * 12,351 9,973 0 * 29,775 * 12,978 * 1,444,248UTAH 4,143,321 * 9,343 7,056 104,984 * 1,043,172 * 131,158 * 5,422,636WYOMING 1,419,502 17,266 16,066 10,245 312,663 1,782 1,744,192FAR WEST 78,274,206 10,962 10,178 2,353,926 16,302,223 3,461,316 100,391,671ALASKA 1,471,406 * 12,514 11,147 694 * 39,410 * 67,222 * 1,578,732CALIFORNIA 54,040,359 8,908 8,689 2,157,386 11,659,112 2,280,900 70,137,757HAWAII 2,116,966 12,979 11,819 25,000 60,000 105,570 2,307,536NEVADA 3,695,616 * 7,946 8,089 23,869 * 824,526 * 286,938 * 4,830,949OREGON 6,187,494 * 12,386 10,959 28,500 * 233,329 * 271,533 * 6,720,857WASHINGTON 10,762,364 * 11,040 10,367 118,477 * 3,485,845 * 449,153 * 14,815,840
AMOUNT('000s) IN ADA IN ENR
PER STUDENTELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY DAY SCHOOLSTOTAL CURRENT EXPENDITURES FOR PUBLIC
PROGRAMSOTHER
EXPENDITURECURRENT
CAPITALOUTLAY
COLUMNS2, 5, 6, & 7
('000s)('000s)
INTEREST ONSCHOOL DEBT
('000s)6 7 8
SUMMARY TABLE K. ESTIMATED EXPENDITURES FOR PUBLIC SCHOOLS, 2010–11
2 3 4 5
TOTAL OF
97
State Notes for Rankings and Estimates
he NEA recognizes that each state’s depart-ment of education (DOE) has its own system of accounting and reporting for state executive
and legislative branch purposes. As a result, it is not always possible to obtain completely comparable data for every state. For this reason, NEA Research en-courages each state department of education to include any clarifying information that is necessary for a proper interpretation of the data supplied. In response, state education departments have provided the follow-ing clarifying and explanatory information. CALIFORNIA: California has more than 500 schools that cannot be categorized as either “Elementary” or “Secondary.” Therefore, “Elementary” personnel in-clude teachers from elementary, middle, junior high, and special education schools, and teachers from county and district offices not assigned to a school site. “Secondary” personnel are deemed to include teachers from senior high, continuation, alternative, community day, juvenile hall/court, and K–12 schools.
The California legislature determines the amount of property taxes used to fund schools. Local school boards do not have authority to raise any reve-nue for district instructional programs. The enrollment projections do not include ungraded enrollment. DELAWARE: For fiscal and reporting purposes, the state treats charter schools as if they were public school districts without geographic boundaries. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA: DOE-provided data exclude charter schools, except for enrollments based on NCES Common Core of Data. GEORGIA: State revenue includes “on behalf” reve-nues (health insurance and retirement premiums) and “state schools” revenues.
Total current expenditure includes “on behalf” pay-ments (health insurance and retirement premiums) and “state schools” expenditures. ILLINOIS: Salary data may include extra-duty pay. School districts report total salary as the amount re-ported to the Teacher Retirement System. IOWA: 2006 average teacher salary calculated ac-cording to NEA instructions. Numbers for previous years had not been calculated this way. KANSAS: The Kansas State Board of Education in-cludes in its average teacher salary three separate forms of compensation: base teaching salary, supple-mental salary, and fringe benefits. Kansas does not keep data on teacher gender break-down or on the differences in salaries among “elemen-tary” and “secondary” schools. For this report, the NEA has estimated the teacher gender breakdown and the difference in salaries using a formula acceptable to the Kansas DOE. LOUISIANA: FY2007/08 fiscal data includes all 113 entities for which students were reported (69 city/parish school districts, 2 lab schools, 8 Type 2 Charters, 26 Type 5 Charters (15 agencies), 6 Special Schools, Office of Youth Development, and the Re-covery School District). Expenditures for the State Board of Elementary and Secondary Education for FY2007/08 totaled $37,599,325. Expenditures for the Department of Education for FY2007/08 totaled $119,142,254.
FY2008/09 fiscal data includes all 126 enti-ties for which students were reported (69 city/parish school districts, 2 lab schools, 9 Type 2 Charters, 38 Type 5 Charters (23 agencies), 6 Special Schools, Of-fice of Youth Development, and the Recovery School District). Expenditures for the State Board of Elemen-
T
98 Rankings & Estimates 2010–2011
tary and Secondary Education for are estimated based on prior year data as $37,055,959. Expenditures for the Department of Education for are estimated based on prior year data as $125,216,774.
FY2009/10 fiscal data includes all 138 enti-ties for which students were reported. (69 city/parish school districts, 2 lab schools, 11 Type 2 Charters, 48 Type 5 Charters (30 agencies), 6 Special Schools, Of-fice of Juvenile Justice, and the Recovery School Dis-trict. Estimated revenues and expenditures reported using final FY2008/09 data. Expenditures for the State Board of Elementary and Secondary Education for FY2009/10 are estimated based on prior year data as $39,495,471. Expenditures for the DOE for FY2009/10 are estimated based on prior year data, totaled $125,272,738.
The Louisiana average salaries for instructional staff and classroom teachers are calculated using all regular salaries and bonuses relating to the assigned duty or duties performed by each applicable city/parish school district employee. Overtime payments, stipends, and benefits are excluded. Methodology for these calculations is documented at: http://www.louisianaschools.net/lde/uploads/3179.pdf MAINE: Enrollment figures only include students attending public schools and does not include those students attending private schools at public expense.
Average teacher salaries since 2008 do not include payments by the Maine Department of Educa-tion to bring teachers paid below $30,000 up to the $30,000 minimum salary. MICHIGAN: The data in this report can be found at http://www.michigan.gov/cepi. The average salary of teachers is not an FTE-weighted average. The average salary is determined by taking the total salaries for all full-time K–12 instructional professional staff and dividing that figure by the number of full-time K–12 staff.
The Michigan Department of Education (MDE) does not collect elementary and secondary salaries or teacher counts based on gender for full-time equivalents. Added costs for instructors are bro-ken down in the same ratio as students. Special Educa-tion, Compensatory Education, and other added needs are divided into proportions of 69.5 percent “elemen-tary” and 30.5 percent “secondary.” Vocational edu-cation teachers are all considered “secondary.”
The MDE does not collect aggregate daily totals on attendance. A definition of “average daily attendance” (ADA) is written in Michigan state law as 92 percent of the total reported enrollment in Michigan’s school districts.
The MDE’s “elementary” enrollment was computed as K–6 and “secondary” enrollment as grades 7–12. Special education was divided into pro-portions of 69.5 percent “elementary” and 30.5 per-cent “secondary.” During fiscal 1994–95, 40 public school academies were established. They began op-eration in fiscal 1996–97. “School academies” are charter schools that for certain purposes are counted as school districts.
Legislation passed in 1994 changed the major source of revenue from local to state funds. MINNESOTA: Short-term debt is included in the total current expenditure figure.
Minnesota’s alternate-year teacher contract negotiations result in understated salaries for off years because, in the absence of accurate data, the school districts often report data from the prior year. Conse-quently, the Minnesota Department of Children, Fami-lies, and Learning no longer will supply salary estimates for off years. The NEA will submit its own estimates for these years.
The total school district data include charter school districts. NEBRASKA: The number of classroom teachers and the data on teacher salaries do not include substitute teachers. “Elementary” enrollment data are consid-ered to comprise grades pre–K–8. Total number of classroom teachers consists of elementary (elementary and junior high/middle school and secondary (secon-dary). NEW HAMPSHIRE: Fall enrollment data have been corrected in the NEA database to include the number of preschool children, which was excluded in the past. NEW JERSEY: All salary data computed by New Jersey Education Association (NJEA) from New Jer-sey state DOE data. NEW MEXICO: A new reporting system was introduced for 2006-07; therefore, comparisons to prior years may have anomalies.
State Notes for Rankings and Estimates 99
Expenditure data are not yet available at the time of reporting, therefore calculations for average expendi-ture per student are estimates using NEA’s estimated figures. NEW YORK: New York’s teacher salary data are medians, not averages (arithmetic means). NORTH DAKOTA: The number of teachers re-ported in this table do not include tutors and small group instructors and may differ from the teacher counts reported by other publications, such as CCD, released by NCES. OHIO: Total number of teachers reported includes teachers whose gender was not reported. OKLAHOMA: Contact NEA Research or the Okla-homa Education Association (OEA) for updated salary figures and rankings that were not available at the time of this reporting. OREGON: Where applicable, “average teacher sal-ary” includes the contract amount plus 6 percent for the employer portion of retirement contributions.
The number of instructional staff includes Regional Service District staff. PENNSYLVANIA: The number of elementary class-room teachers includes all elementary teachers plus half of the specialized or K–12 classroom teachers, half of the special education teachers, and one-half of the speech correctionists.
The number of secondary classroom teachers includes all secondary teachers plus half of the spe-cialized or K–12 classroom teachers, half of the spe-cial education teachers, and half of the speech correctionists.
Teachers and instructional salaries from Pennsylvania Information Management Systems 2009-10 Professional Staff Data Collection. Pennsylvania only reports professional staff data in survey areas that align with federal reporting requirements. SOUTH CAROLINA: The number of school districts includes two special districts established by the Gen-eral Assembly.
ADA and ADM figures include kindergarten students reported at half-count.
SOUTH DAKOTA: Student enrollment numbers are not consistent with Common Core Data (CCD) non-fiscal data collections of the National Center for Edu-cation Statistics. CCD requires submission of data for all public schools and also for state-operated schools (e.g., schools for the deaf, visually handicapped, and corrections). TEXAS: The number of “elementary” students in-cludes the number of students in early education through grade 6. The number of “secondary” students includes students in grades 7–12. VERMONT: The substantial drop in Vermont's local revenues and increase in state revenues reported in FY 05 and projected for FY 06 is caused by a statutory change. The Vermont legislature passed Act 68, which, among other things, changed the local property tax component of education revenue into a state property tax. Revenue data do not include reve-nues to run the state’s board of education or depart-ment of education.
Expenditures for food services are included in current expenditures. Students who attend independent schools at public expense are not included in the student enrollment count. The expenditures associated with those students are likewise not included in current expenditures summaries. WASHINGTON: The amount of interest on school debt does not include interest derived from capital projects funds. Student enrollments include high school students who are enrolled in community col-leges and technical colleges.
Associated Student Body Fund revenues and expenditures are excluded from this report. Federal food reimbursements are not deducted from food ser-vice expenditures. WISCONSIN: We are accepting NEA estimates for revenues and expenditures data since our numbers are not yet available at the time of NEA collection. WYOMING: Non-revenue data changed to reflect removal of “transfers in” to various fund groups. Wyoming believes this would represent a duplication of revenue reported. Significant increase in expenditurees from prior years reflect that districts are spending more in the area of “community support.”
100
References*
Bureau of Economic Analysis, 2010. SA 1-3 Personal Income. Regional Economic Accounts/State and Local Personal Income. Retrieved from http://www.bea.gov/regional/spi/ National Education Association (NEA) 2010. Estimates of School Statistics Database (1970–2010). Washington, D.C.: Author. U.S. Census Bureau. 2009. Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2009. Washington, D.C. Retrieved from http://www.census.gov/compendia/statab/ U.S. Census Bureau. 2010a. Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2010. Washington, D.C. Retrieved from http://www.census.gov/compendia/statab/
—————. 2010. Population Estimates: Annual Esti-mates of Resident Population Selected Groups of the United States and States. Retrieved from http://www.census.gov/popest/states —————. 2010. Federal, State, and Local Govern-ments: State and Local Government Finance. Retrieved from http://www.census.gov/govs/estimate/index.html —————. 2010. Federal, State, and Local Govern-ments, State Government Finance: Retrieved from http://www.census.gov/govs/www/state.html U.S. Department of Labor. (Bureau of Labor Statistics) Consumer Price Index. Retrieved from http://stats.bls.gov/cpi/
*Links go to sites through which one may navigate to all individual and multiple year data and information sources cited in this report.
103
Framework for Developing State Profiles and Comparisons
Rankings of the States 2010
Framework for Developing State Profiles and
Comparisons
NEA Research
Ranking the States in Your Geographical Region/Area (Use this sheet and the data in this publication to rank the states in your geographical region or area of interest.) Table:__________________________________________________________________________ Rank State Abbreviation I Data 1 ___I__________ 2 ___I__________ 3 ___I__________ 4 ___I__________ 5 ___I__________ 6 ___I__________ 7 ___I__________ 8 ___I__________ 9 ___I__________ 10 ___I__________ 11 ___I__________ 12 ___I__________
Table:__________________________________________________________________________ Rank State Abbreviation I Data 1 ___I__________ 2 ___I__________ 3 ___I__________ 4 ___I__________ 5 ___I__________ 6 ___I__________ 7 ___I__________ 8 ___I__________ 9 ___I__________ 10 ___I__________ 11 ___I__________ 12 ___I__________
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Per
pup
il in
AD
A
_ _
$ _
_ _,
_ _
_ $2
69,8
90
(D-8
)
GO
VER
NM
ENT
REV
ENU
E S
tate
and
loca
l gen
eral
reve
nue
from
ow
n so
urce
s in
200
7–08
P
er c
apita
_
_ $_
,_ _
_
$6,3
95
(E-1
) P
er $
1,00
0 of
per
sona
l inc
ome
in 2
008
_ _
_ _
_ $1
57
(E-2
) S
tate
and
loca
l tax
reve
nue
in 2
007–
08
Per
cap
ita
_ _
$_,_
_ _
$4
,375
(E
-3)
Per
$1,
000
of p
erso
nal i
ncom
e in
200
8 _
_ _
_ _
$107
(E
-4)
Tax
reve
nue
by m
ajor
sou
rce
P
er c
apita
Lo
cal p
rope
rty ta
x in
200
8 _
_ $_
,_ _
_
$1,3
06
(E-6
) S
tate
indi
vidu
al in
com
e ta
x in
200
7–08
_
_ _
_ _
$1,0
02
(E-1
2)
Sta
te g
ener
al s
ales
tax
in 2
007–
08
_ _
_ _
_ $7
93
(E-1
3)
P
er $
1,00
0 of
per
sona
l inc
ome
Sta
te a
nd lo
cal p
rope
rty ta
x in
200
8 _
_ $_
_
$33
(E-8
) S
tate
indi
vidu
al in
com
e ta
x in
200
8 _
_ _
_ $2
5 (E
-14)
S
tate
gen
eral
sal
es ta
x in
200
8 _
_ _
_ $1
9 (E
-15)
Fram
ewor
k fo
r Sta
te S
choo
l Fin
ance
Pro
file
(con
t.)
Ra
nk
Stat
e U
.S.
Tabl
e G
OVE
RN
MEN
T EX
PEN
DIT
UR
E S
tate
and
loca
l gen
eral
exp
endi
ture
s in
200
7–08
P
er c
apita
_
_
$ _
_,_
_ _
$7,8
94
(G-3
) P
er $
1,00
0 of
per
sona
l inc
ome
in 2
008
_ _
_ _
_ $1
94
(G-4
) S
tate
and
loca
l exp
endi
ture
s by
maj
or fu
nctio
n in
200
7–08
, per
cap
ita
Loca
l pub
lic s
choo
ls
_ _
$ _,
_ _
_ $1
,860
(H
-8)
Pub
lic w
elfa
re
_ _
_ _
_ $1
,331
(G
-5)
Hea
lth a
nd h
ospi
tals
_
_ _
_ _
$621
(G
-6)
Pol
ice
and
fire
prot
ectio
n _
_ _
_ _
$425
(G
-7)
Cor
rect
ions
_
_ _
_ _
$240
(G
-8)
Hig
hway
s _
_
_,_
_ _
$505
(G
-9)
SCH
OO
L FI
NA
NC
E EF
FOR
T S
choo
l rev
enue
in 2
007–
08
Per
$1,
000
of p
erso
nal i
ncom
e in
200
8 _
_ $
_ _
$45
(F-5
) SC
HO
OL
FIN
AN
CES
FO
R C
UR
REN
T SC
HO
OL
YEA
R
Sch
ool r
even
ue in
200
9–10
P
er p
upil
in E
NR
_
_ $
_,_
_ _
$11,
841
(F-2
) P
er p
upil
in A
DA
_
_ $
_,_
_ _
$12,
465
(F-4
) P
erce
nt o
f tot
al fr
om
Loca
l _
_ _
_._
%
43.5
(F
-8)
Sta
te
_ _
_ _.
_ %
45
.3
(F-1
0)
Sch
ool e
xpen
ditu
res
in 2
009–
10
Per
pup
il in
EN
R
_ _
$ _,
_ _
_ $1
0,58
6 (H
-11)
P
er p
upil
in A
DA
_
_ $
_,_
_ _
$11,
144
(H-1
6)
____
____
____
____
____
____
S
ourc
e: R
anki
ngs
of th
e S
tate
s, 2
010
107
Framework for Developing State Statistical Highlights of Public Elementary and Secondary Schools
Estimates of School Statistics 2011
Framework for Developing State Statistical Highlights of
Public Elementary and Secondary Schools
NEA Research
Fram
ewor
k fo
r Sta
te S
tatis
tical
Hig
hlig
hts
of
Pub
lic E
lem
enta
ry a
nd S
econ
dary
Sch
ools
20
09–1
0 an
d 20
10–1
1 Es
timat
es
(To
obta
in th
e st
ate
high
light
s, fil
l in
the
blan
ks w
ith th
e ap
prop
riate
Est
imat
es d
ata
refe
rred
to b
y ta
ble
num
bers
in p
aren
thes
is)
Stat
e: _
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
__
Scho
ol Y
ear
Cha
nge
20
10–1
1 20
09–1
0 A
mou
nt
Perc
ent
B
ASI
C A
DM
INIS
TR
AT
IVE
UN
ITS
(Sum
mar
y Ta
ble
A)
Tota
l sch
ool d
istri
cts
_ ,_
_ _
_
,_ _
_
_ _
_ . _
O
pera
ting
scho
ol d
istri
cts
_ ,_
_ _
_
,_ _
_
_ _
_ . _
N
onop
erat
ing
scho
ol d
istri
cts
_ _
_ _
_ _
_ _
_ . _
PUPI
L E
NR
OL
LM
EN
T (S
umm
ary
Tabl
e B)
Fall −−
Tot
al
_ , _
_ _
, _
_ _
_ , _
_ _
, _ _
_
_ _
, _ _
_
_ . _
Elem
enta
ry
_ , _
_ _
, _
_ _
_ , _
_ _
, _ _
_
_ _
, _ _
_
_ . _
Seco
ndar
y _
, _ _
_ ,
_ _
_ _
, _ _
_, _
_ _
_
_ , _
_ _
_
. _
A
VE
RA
GE
DA
ILY
AT
TE
ND
AN
CE
(Sum
mar
y Ta
bles
C
& D
) _
, _ _
_ ,
_ _
_ _
, _ _
_ ,
_ _
_ _
_ _
, _ _
_
_ . _
A
VE
RA
GE
DA
ILY
ME
MB
ER
SHIP
(Sum
mar
y Ta
bles
C
& D
) _
, _ _
_ ,
_ _
_ _
, _ _
_ ,
_ _
_ _
_ _
, _ _
_
_ . _
N
UM
BE
R O
F H
IGH
SC
HO
OL
GR
AD
UA
TE
S (S
umm
ary
Tabl
es C
& D
) _
_ _
, _ _
_
_ _
_ , _
_ _
_
_ _
, _ _
_
_ . _
IN
STR
UC
TIO
NA
L S
TA
FF (S
umm
ary
Tabl
es E
& F
) _
_ _
, _ _
_
_ _
_ , _
_ _
_
_ _
, _ _
_
_ . _
C
lass
room
teac
hers
Tota
l _
_ _
, _ _
_
_ _
_ , _
_ _
_
_ _
, _ _
_
_ . _
Elem
enta
ry S
choo
l _
_ _
, _ _
_
_ _
_ , _
_ _
_
_ _
, _ _
_
_ . _
Seco
ndar
y Sc
hool
_
_ _
, _ _
_
_ _
_ , _
_ _
_
_ _
, _ _
_
_ . _
Men
teac
hers
_
_ _
, _ _
_
_ _
_ , _
_ _
_
_ _
, _ _
_
_ . _
Wom
en te
ache
rs
_ _
_ , _
_ _
_
_ _
, _ _
_
_ _
_ , _
_ _
_
. _
Oth
er in
stru
ctio
nal s
taff
Non
supe
rvis
ory
inst
ruct
iona
l sta
ff
_ _
_ , _
_ _
_
_ _
, _ _
_
_ _
_ , _
_ _
_
. _
Pr
inci
pals
and
supe
rvis
ors
_ _
_ , _
_ _
_
_ _
, _ _
_
_ _
_ , _
_ _
_
. _
Fram
ewor
k fo
r St
ate
Stat
istic
al H
ighl
ight
s (co
nt.)
Sc
hool
Yea
r
Cha
nge
20
10–1
1 20
09–1
0 A
mou
nt
Perc
ent
A
VE
RA
GE
AN
NU
AL
SA
LA
RIE
S (S
umm
ary
Tabl
e G
)
In
stru
ctio
nal s
taff
_
_ ,_
_ _
_
_ ,_
_ _
_
, _ _
_
_ . _
A
ll cl
assr
oom
teac
hers
_
_ ,_
_ _
_
_ ,_
_ _
_
, _ _
_
_ . _
El
emen
tary
scho
ol te
ache
rs
_ _
,_ _
_
_ _
,_ _
_
_ , _
_ _
_
. _
R
EC
EIP
TS
(in th
ousa
nds o
f dol
lars
) (Su
mm
ary
Tabl
es H
&
I)
Tota
l rev
enue
and
non
reve
nue
rece
ipts
R
even
ue re
ceip
ts b
y so
urce
_
_ , _
_ _
, _
_ _
_ , _
_ _
, _ _
_
_ _
_ , _
_ _
_
. _
To
tal
_ , _
_ _
, _
_ _
_ , _
_ _
, _ _
_
_ _
, _ _
_
_ . _
Fede
ral
_ , _
_ _
, _
_ _
_ , _
_ _
, _ _
_
_ _
, _ _
_
_ . _
Stat
e _
_ , _
_ _
, _
_ _
_ , _
_ _
, _ _
_
_ _
_ , _
_ _
_
. _
Lo
cal &
oth
er
_ _
, _ _
_ ,
_ _
_ _
, _ _
_, _
_ _
_
_ _
, _ _
_
_ . _
N
onre
venu
e re
ceip
ts
_ , _
_ _
, _
_ _
_ , _
_ _
, _ _
_
_ _
, _ _
_
_ . _
EX
PEN
DIT
UR
ES
(in th
ousa
nds o
f dol
lars
) (S
umm
ary
Tabl
es J
& K
)
Tota
l exp
endi
ture
s _
_ , _
_ _
, _
_ _
_ , _
_ _
, _ _
_
_ _
_ , _
_ _
_
. _
C
urre
nt e
xpen
ditu
res f
or e
lem
. and
sec.
scho
ols
_ , _
_ _
, _
_ _
_ , _
_ _
, _
_ _
_ _
_ , _
_ _
_
. _
C
urre
nt e
xpen
ditu
res f
or o
ther
pro
gram
s (co
mm
unity
serv
ices
, com
mun
ity c
olle
ges,
adul
t edu
catio
n, e
tc.)
w
hen
oper
ated
by
loca
l sch
ool d
istri
cts
_ , _
_ _
, _
_ _
_ , _
_ _
, _ _
_
_ _
_ , _
_ _
_ . _
Cap
ital o
utla
y _
, _ _
_ ,
_ _
_ _
, _ _
_ ,
_ _
_ _
_ _
, _ _
_
_ . _
Inte
rest
on
scho
ol d
ebt
_ _
_ , _
_ _
_
_ _
, _ _
_
_ _
_ , _
_ _
_
. _
C
UR
RE
NT
EX
PEN
DIT
UR
E F
OR
EL
EM
EN
TA
RY
A
ND
SE
CO
ND
AR
Y S
CH
OO
LS
PER
PU
PIL
(S
umm
ary
Tabl
es J
& K
)
_ _
_ , _
_ _
_
_ _
, _ _
_
_ _
_ , _
_ _
_
. _
In a
vera
ge d
aily
atte
ndan
ce
_ , _
_ _
_
, _ _
_
_ _
_ _
. _
In fa
ll en
rollm
ent
_ , _
_ _
_
, _ _
_
_ _
_ _
. _
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