nov dic ene feb mar abr may jun jul ago sep oct nov dic

0

100

200

300

400

500N

CP

(mm

ol O

2 m

-2d

-1)

BP

(mm

ol C

m2d

-1)

nov dic ene feb mar abr may jun jul ago sep oct nov dic

0

20

40

60

80

100

bact

eria

l pr

oduc

tion

p

rim

ary

prod

ucti

on

0

20

40

60

80

100

NET ECOSYSTEM METABOLISM IN THE NW IBERIAN UPWELLING SYSTEM

ON AN ANNUAL CYCLE

C.G.Castro, Arbones B, Alvarez-Salgado XA, Alonso-Pérez F, Froján M, Zúñiga D, Teixeira IG, and Figueiras FG

Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (CSIC)

The 45th International Liège Colloquium13th – 17th May 2013

Aristegui

Arístegui et al. 2009

CAIBEX: Shelf –ocean exchanges in the Canaries- Iberian LargeMarine Ecosystem

Background

Northern boundary of the Canary Current upwelling

system

Seasonal variation:

Upwelling: April to September

Downwelling: October to March

Ex(103 m3 s-1 Km-1)

-0.6-0.30.00.30.6

ME

S

A

M

F

E

D

N

O

SA

J

J

M

MO

NTH

Upwelling index (1987-2004)

Courtesy of RMS from PML

UPWELLING

Background

Courtesy of RMS from PML

DOWNWELLING

Upwelling index (103 m3 s-1 Km-1)

E

Background

High rates of primary production during the upwelling period (2.5 g C m-2 d-1), dominated by large – sized diatoms (Varela et al., 1991; Teira et al., 2001; Figueiras et al., 2001; Tilstone et al., 2003)

Espinoza et al. 2012

Objectives

To study the fate of fixed carbon based on direct measurements of

gross primary production, pelagic respiration and vertical export of

organic matter and explore the linkage between Production /

Respiration balance and size structure and composition of the

microbial plankton community.

Methods

Courtesy of RMS from PML

SEAWATER SAMPLES for:

-Nutrients-Size –fractionated chlorophyll (0.2, 2, & 20 µm)-Pico-, Nano- and Microplankton biomass

Net Community Production (NCP) and Community Respiration (CR) by in situ 24 ligh-dark bottle oxygen incubations

Net primary production by in situ 24 incubations of C14

Bacterial production by leucine uptake

Vertical fluxes of organic carbon by in situ 24h deployment of a multitrap

Tem

pera

ture

(°

C)

Nit

rate

(µm

ol k g

-1)

2008 2009

Nov Dec J an Feb Mar Apr May J un J ul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec70

50

30

10

dept

h (m

)

Nov Dec J an Feb Mar Apr May J un J ul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec70

50

30

10

dept

h (m

)

Upw

elli

ng index

(m3 s

-1 K

m-1)

-10000

-5000

0

5000

10000

Hydrographic conditionsResults

2008 2009

Nov Dec J an Feb Mar Apr May J un J ul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec70

50

30

10

dept

h (m

)

Nov Dec J an Feb Mar Apr May J un J ul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec70

50

30

10

dept

h (m

)

Tota

l ch

lor o

phyll

a

(mg m

-3)

Pr i

mary

pro

duc t

ion

(mg m

-3 d

-1)

nov dic ene feb mar abr may jun jul ago sep oct nov dic

Perc

enta

ge c

hl a

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

nov dic ene feb mar abr may jun jul ago sep oct nov dic

Perc

enta

ge P

P

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

2008 2009

>20 μm >2 μm >0.2 μm

57%

76%

32%

32%

Results

Microbial plankton biomass

nov mar jul nov

0

20

40

60

80

100

nov dic ene feb mar abr may jun jul ago sep oct nov dic

0

2000

4000

6000

Autotrophic carbonHeterotrophic carbon

Inte

gra

ted b

iom

as s

(mg C

m-2)

Si z

e c

lass

Cont r

ibuti

on (

%)

2008 2009

Pico- Nano- Micro-

Results

Production / respiration balance

NC

P

(mm

ol O

2 m

-3d

-1)

CR

(m

mol O

2 m

-3d

-1)

BP

(mg

C m

-3d

-1)

Nov Dec J an Feb Mar Apr May J un J ul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec70

50

30

10

dept

h (m

)

Nov Dec J an Feb Mar Apr May J un J ul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec70

50

30

10

dept

h (m

)

Nov Dec J an Feb Mar Apr May J un J ul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec70

50

30

10

dept

h (m

)

2008 2009

Results

nov dic ene feb mar abr may jun jul ago sep oct nov dic

0

200

400

600

800

1000

nov dic ene feb mar abr may jun jul ago sep oct nov dic

0

200

400

600

800

1000

nov dic ene feb mar abr may jun jul ago sep oct nov dic

0

200

400

600

800

1000

2008 2009

Vertical Carbon Fluxes

Vert

ical C

arb

on

Fl u

x es

(mg

C m

2d

-1)

Organic carbon

Phytoplanktonic carbon

Diatom carbon

Results

nov dic ene feb mar abr may jun jul ago sep oct nov dic

0

100

200

300

400

500N

CP

(mm

ol O

2 m

-2d

-1)

BP

(mm

ol C

m2d

-1)

nov dic ene feb mar abr may jun jul ago sep oct nov dic

0

20

40

60

80

100

bact

eria

l pr

oduc

tion

p

rim

ary

prod

ucti

on

0

20

40

60

80

100

NC

P

(mm

ol O

2 m

-2d

-1)

BP

(mm

ol C

m2d

-1)

nov dic ene feb mar abr may jun jul ago sep oct nov dic

0

20

40

60

80

100

bact

eria

l pr

oduc

tion

p

rim

ary

prod

ucti

on

0

20

40

60

80

100

Conclusions

nov dic ene feb mar abr may jun jul ago sep oct nov dic

0

100

200

300

400

500

6

0

4210.5

NCP (g C m-2 d-1) A

uto

trophic

bio

mass

Hete

rotr

ophic

bio

mass

0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 0 1 0 0

% M i c r o p l a n c t o n

0 . 5

1 . 0

1 . 5

2 . 0

2 . 5

Conclusions

NCP 0.5 ±0.5

Respiration0.5 ±0.3

Respiration0.07 ±0.03

Carbon flux0.29 ±0.02

DOWNWELLING SEASON

58%

50%

24%

NCP 2.1 ±2.0

Respiration0.9 ±1.0

Respiration0.2 ±0.1

Carbon flux0.4 ±0.2

UPWELLING SEASON

ap

hoti

c zo

ne

photi

c zo

ne

19%

70%

50%

Conclusions

g C m-2 d-1

Thank you for your attention