nc2i progress report - snetp.eu · grzegorz wrochna [email protected] national centre for...
TRANSCRIPT
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NC2I is one of SNETP’s strategic technological pillars, mandated to coordinate the
demonstration of high temperature nuclear cogeneration.
www.snetp.eu
NC2I progress report
Grzegorz Wrochna
National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Poland
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SNETP General Assembly
21st February 2018
• Nuclear cogeneration worldwide:
• OECD NEA, IAEA, China, Canada, US, UK, …
• GEMINI+: H2020 winner
• Deployment plans in Poland
• HTR 2018 conference
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•
•
•
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HTGR @ IAEA
• IAEA Technical Working Group on Gas Cooled Reactors
• IAEA General Conference – Vienna 18-22.09.2017
Side event on HTGR:
• Opening – M.Chudakov, IAEA
• Intro to nuclear cogeneration – S.Monti, IAEA
• IAEA for HTGR & process heat – F.Reitsma, IAEA
• HTGR in China (HTR-PM) – Yulong Wu
• A-HTR project in South Africa – D.Nicholls
• HTGR in Poland – J.Sobolewski
• International efforts (NC2I, Gemini, NI2050) – G.Wrochna
• HTGR in Japan (HTTR+processing) – Xing L.Yan
• HTGR in US – D.Hoffman
• “Industrial Applications of Nuclear Energy”IAEA Nuclear Energy Series No. NP-T-4.3, 2017.4
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HTGR worldwide• China – HTR-PM (2x250 MWth → 200 MWe)
to be commissioned in 2018
• Japan – HTTR (30 MWth) awaiting permission to restart and test coupling to H production
• US - American Prime Nuclear Companies to replace NGNP Industrial Alliance:
• Aecom, Areva US, Atkins, Excel Services, SGL Carbon, Southern Company, Technology Insights, US Nuclear, …
• Canada – considering 10-15 MWth for mines • first designs submitted to the regulator
• South Africa – restarting fuel production?
• UK – SMR competition – new call just finished• Techno-Economy Assesment published 12.20175
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NC2I is one of SNETP’s strategic technological pillars, mandated to coordinate the
demonstration of high temperature nuclear cogeneration.
www.snetp.eu
EURATOM H2020
Gemini+: deployment preparation
European NC2I + US NGNP IA + Korea + Japan score: 14.5/15, ~4 mln €, started 1st September
WP1 Safety Approach and Licensing Framework
WP2 Configuration for an industrial high temperature nuclear cogeneration system
WP3 Innovation and long-term perspective
WP4 Demonstration in Europe (focus on Poland)
WP5 Dissemination & Stakeholder Engagement
WP6 Monitoring, Reporting & Management*
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No Organisation Type of organisation Country
1 NCBJ Research organisation PL
2 AFW Commercial in Confidence UK
3 AREVA-G Industry DE
4 AREVA Inc Industry US
5 BrivaTech SME DE
6 CVRez Research organisation CZ
7 Empresarios Agrupados Private Company ES
8 Energoprojekt-Warszawa SME PL
9 FORTUM Energy Utility FI
10 IRSN Research organisation FR
11 JAEA Research Orgaisation JP
12 JRC Research organisation NL
13 LEI Research organisation LT
14 LGI SME FR
15 NGNP Alliance Industry US
16 NRG Research organisation NL
17 PROCHEM Private Company PL
18 Siempelkamp SME DE
19 TUD University DE
20 TÛV-R Private Company DE
21 UJV Private company CZ
22 USNC-EU SME FR
23 KAERI Research organisation KR
24 TAURON Private company PL
25 NAMRC/USFD University UK
26 NUCLIC SME NL
27 Baaten Energy Consulting SME NL
Ge
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Government on 14 February 2017 published„Responsible Development Strategy”.- the governmental plan for Polish economy grow
List of energy actions contains:”Preparation of HTR deploymentfor industrial heat productionin cogeneration, using industrial& scientific potential of Poland.Support for Polish R&D on materials for gen.IV reactors.”
HTGR deployment in Poland
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HTGR deployment in PolandMinister of Energy appointed„Committee for deployment of high temperature reactors”.Chairman: G.Wrochna
Terms of reference:• Analysis of Polish economy
needs & export potential
• Inventory of relevant design & manufacturing capabilities of Polish science & industry
• Cost estimate, business model, funding possibilities
• Analysis of legal framework
• Establishing international cooperation
Members from:
• Nuclear R&D: National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCBJ)
• Engineering: Energoprojekt, Prochem
• End-users: Azoty, Orlen, Enea, Tauron, KGHM
Associates: PAA (regulator), NCBR (R&D funding agency), PKO BP (bank)
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15 January 2018
Polish Ministry of Energy
published the report
of HTR Committee
Full report in Polish
and Executive Summary
in English:
http://www.me.gov.pl/node/28011
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~10 MWth experimental HTGR at NCBJ
• Experiments and measurements supporting licensing of HTGR >100 MWth
• Validation of computational & simulation codes
• Tests of materials and components
• Gaining experience by NCBJ, PAA (regulator)
• Preparing and testing supply chain
• Training young generation
• Possibly funded from EU structural funds
• U-Battery is one of possible candidates11
European High TemperatureExperimental Reactor (EHTER)
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Feedback from industry
• Several sites use ~500°C steam networks
• Need to exchange old boilers with HTGR
• Electric island already there
• HTGR parameters matching standard boilers:
540°C, 13.4 MPa, 165 MWth, 230 t/h
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• The cost of design and general license: ~ 500 million PLN
• It virtually does not depend on the reactor power
• The construction cost was calculated by scaling the costsof larger models down to 165 MWth:
• Reducing the power may enable breaking technological barriers and result in lower cost,
• e.g. a tank made entirely in a steel mill by rolling
• A middle option, close to PLN 2000 million, was adopted for economic analyzes
• The dispersion of PLN 600 million is a measure of the uncertainty of estimation
• The construction cost includes 10% of the design cost13
Cost estimate
Oryginal power [MWth] 600 2×250 350 165
Type prismatic block pebbled
Cost 165 MWth [M PLN] 2566 1995 1519 1358
1$ ≈ 3.5 PLN
1€ ≈ 4.2 PLN
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Coal & gas boilers compared to HTGR 165 MWth, 230 t/h of steam 540°C, 13.8 MPa. Current fuel prices. 30/60 years boiler/HTGR lifetime.For HTGR: 15 idle days/year, 80% of power used.Design cost covered by the first 10 HTGR’s.Largest uncertainties: discount rate, CO2 cost, coal & gas price & availability.
Coal, gas & HTGR economy
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Steam cost LCOE
M PLN /GJ
F-NPV
M PLN
E-NPV
M PLN
Discount rate 8% 4% 8% 4% 8% 4%
CO2 emission cost /t 20€ 50€ 20€ 50€ 50€ 50€
Coal boiler OP-230 27 37 25 35 158 619 -91 -119
Gas boiler OG-230 37 43 36 42 20 144 4 98
HTGR 165 MW 55 55 36 36 -268 538 -268 538
1$ ≈ 3.5 PLN
1€ ≈ 4.2 PLN
F-NPV: financial
E-NPV: economic
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HTGR business modelLarge nuclear vendors not interested to take lead in HTGR project
A new European company should be established (in Poland)
Foreign expertise should be involved by hiring, contracts and shares
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• 2018: Agreement between the Ministry of Energy and Ministry of Science and Higher Education on the implementation of the HTGR program + a possible governmental program
• 2018: Establishment of HTR-EPC company + incorporation of foreign partners
10 MWth experimental reactor:
• 2018-20: design (PLN 150 mln, ~36 mln €),
• 2020-25: licensing & construction (PLN 600 mln, ~143 mln €)
165 MWth commercial reactor:
• 2018: a preconception study (PLN 10 mln, ~2.4 mln €)
• 2019-23: designing (PLN 500 mln, ~120 mln €)
• 2023-26: preparation of the first HTGR construction (PLN 500 mln, ~120 mln €)
• 2026-31: construction of the first HTGR (PLN 1500 mln, ~360 mln €)
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Schedule
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Warsaw, 8-10th October 2018• 7th Oct – optional tourist excursion
• 8-10th Oct – conference sessions
• 11-12th Oct – NC2I/Gemini+/PRIME meetings
Deadlines:
• Abstract receiving – till 15.03.2018
• Conference/hotel registration – till 30.04.2018
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htr
co
nf.
org
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NC2I is one of SNETP’s strategic technological pillars, mandated to coordinate the
demonstration of high temperature nuclear cogeneration.
www.snetp.eu
Backup slides
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Electricity
Process
heat
<250°C
250°C-
550°C
1000°C
LWR
HTGR
VHTR
/ DFR
design license construction
design license construction
design …
2015 2020 2025 2030
4x / 6x
1000-1600
MWe
150-350
MWth
300-1000
MWth
Nee
ds
of
Po
lish
eco
no
my
10 MWth
concept
Nuclear Roadmap of Poland
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Investment project
Deployment project
Research project
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Road-transportable vessel?Vehicles allowed in Poland: 4.0m × 4.0m
Fire emergency roads: 4.5m × 4.5m
Can one fit 165 MWth?
2×83? 3×55?
Boiler by RAFAKO.com.pl
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Phase Time Task / milestones Team M PLN
1 2018 Preconceptual study:
• Mobilisation
• Due dilligence of foreign partners
• Contracts with foreign partners
• Conceptual studies, cost estimate
• Deeper economy analysis
10-20 pers. 10
2 2019-23 Reactor design 500
2a 2019-20 • Conceptual design
o Safety Options Report
40-70 pers. 50
2b 2020-21 • Preliminary design
o Preliminary Safety Analysis Report
50-80 pers.
+subcontr.
150
2c 2022-23 • Final design
o Final Safety Analysis Report
60-90 pers.
+subcontr.
300
3 2023-31 First HTR construction 2000
3a 2023-26 • Site preparation, licensing 500
3b 2026-31 • Construction & commissioning 150021
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WP1 Safety Approach and Licensing Framework - TÜV-R
T1.0 Work Package Coordination TÜV-R M1-M36
T1.1Updated Safety Requirements for an HTGR for
Nuclear CogenerationIRSN M1-M36
T1.2Safety Cases and Adaptation of the Severe Accident
MethodologyIRSN M1-M36
T1.3 Lessons learned from Fukushima IRSN M1-M36
T1.4Review of National Licensing Frameworks with
Regard to HTGR specific Safety FeaturesNCBJ M1-M36
T1.5 Review of the Safety Options Report produced in WP2 TÜV-R M19-M36
T1.6
Preliminary thermal-hydraulics calculations and
estimates of fission product releases to establish the
safety of a prototype reactor as proposed in WP2
NRG M1-M36
T1.7Safety Aspects of graphitic Dust in the Primary Circuit
of HTGR Cores formed by Prosmatic BlocksTUD
M1-M24
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WP2 Configuration for an industrial high temperaturenuclear cogeneration system - AMEC
T2.0 WP2 coordination AMEC, LGI M1-M36
T2.1Requirements, assumptions and constraints
of the projectAMEC M1- M20
T2.2Selection of options for GEMINI+ system configuration
AMEC M2 - M36
T2.3Safety options for the high temperature
cogeneration systemBriVatech M2- M36
T2.4 Support studies: core design
NUCLIC, NRG,
BriVaTech,
KAERI, AMEC
M3-M33
T2.5 Support studies: cost assessment EAI M3-M33
T2.6Support studies: integration in the energy
marketEAI
M4-M36
T2.7Support studies: assessment of the
feasibility and benefits of modular
manufacturing of GEMINI+ system
NAMRC M2-M36
T2.8Decommissioning and Waste Management
of GEMINI+ system
EAI. JAEA,
JRC, TÜV-R,
USNCE
M2-M18
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WP3 Innovation and long-term perspective - JRCT3.0 Work Package coordination JRC M1-M36
T3.1Review of innovation options for a
demonstration projectCVR M1-M36
T3.2Potential of HTGR for higher performance,
better economy and extended heat marketEAI M1-M36
T3.3 Innovative uses of nuclear energy FORTUM M1-M36
WP4 Demonstration in Europe - EnergoProjektT4.0 WP 4 coordination EnergoProjekt M1-M36
T4.1 Site studies Azoty M1-M24
T4.2 Coupling studies
Azoty,
EnergoProjekt,
JRC, Prochem,
AMEC, EAI, BEC
M1-M36
T4.3 Supply chain study AMEC M12-M36
T4.4Technology gaps and qualification
needsLGI M12-M36
T4.5Planning for the demonstration
projectEnergoProjekt M24-M36
T4.6 Business plan for the demonstration LGI M12-M36
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WP5 Dissemination & Stakeholder Engagement - LGIT5.1 Awareness building for GEMINI LGI M1-M36
T5.2 Engagement with stakeholders NCBJ M1-M36
T5.3 Scientific dissemination AMEC M1-M36
T5.4 Competence building NCBJ M6-M36
T5.5 Knowledge Management LGI M1-M36
WP6 Monitoring, Reporting & Management* - NCBJT6.1 Project coordination NCBJ M1-M36
T6.2 Quality management LGI M1-M36
T6.3Project secretariat and meetings
organizationLGI M1-M36
T6.4 Contractual & Financial Management LGI M1-M36
T6.5 Scientific Advisory Group (SAG) NCBJ M12-M36
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• 13 largest chemical plants need 6500 MW of heat at T=400-550°C
• They use 200 TJ / year, equivalent to burning of>5 mln t of natural gas or oil
• Replacing by HTGR would reduce CO2 emission by 14-17 mln t / year
• 165 MWth reactor sizefits all the needs
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HTGR for Poland
Plant boilers MW
ZE PKN Orlen S.A.Płock 8 2140
Arcelor Mittal Poland S.A. 8 1273
Zakłady Azotowe "Puławy" S.A. 5 850
Zakłady Azotowe ANWIL SA 3 580
Zakłady Chemiczne "Police" S.A. 8 566
Energetyka Dwory 5 538
International Paper - Kwidzyn 5 538
Grupa LOTOS S.A. Gdańsk 4 518
ZAK S.A. Kędzierzyn 6 474
Zakl. Azotowe w Tarnowie Moscicach S.A. 4 430
MICHELIN POLSKA S.A. 9 384
PCC Rokita SA 7 368
MONDI ŚWIECIE S.A. 3 313
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Nuclear cogeneration European projects
+ several national projects, e.g.:
• France: ANTARES project (AREVA, CEA, EDF)
• Germany: SYNKOPE – HTR for lignite gasification, STAUB II,
• Poland: HTRPL – Polish industry needs, coupling technologies
+ many crosscutting projects
on materials, waste, reactor
physics …
2016
Gemini+
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Proven reactor technology,
high potential for cogen
Heat market for nuclear technologies
LWRDistrict heating, pulp &
paper, desalinationChemicals, refining, H2, steelmaking, soda
ash, lime, glassmaking, industrial gases, etc.
Mainly
low T
needed
550°C steam
required to address
the segment 250-550°C
(like gas cogen)
High potential for H2
and high T O2
production
Several high T
sectors potentially
open for nuclear
(pre)heating
Reactors mature
+ experience in cogenLong-term
Chemicals, refining, H2, steelmaking, soda
ash, lime, glassmaking, industrial gases, etc.
HTGR VHTR
Source: EUROPAIRS study on the European industrial heat market
No competition between LWR
& HTGR; need for both
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High T Gas-cooled Reactor(HTGR)
• TRISO fuel
• Leak tight to fission products > 1600°C
• Pebble-bed or prismatic core
• Intrinsic safety
• In case of accident, cools down by conduction & radiative heat transfer
• No core damage possible, no need for exclusion zone
• Coolant: Helium ~750°C
• Flexibility: T, power, heat/electricityadaptable for industry needs
• Now: steam 550°C for existing industrial installations
• Future: VHTR ~1000°CSteam
Generators
Reactor
Circulator
TRISO
particle
Compact
Block
Core
Reactor
Primary system
(2 loops option)
UO2/PyC/SiC
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The HTGRs built and operated in the world
Fort Saint-Vrain, US
300 MWe
1976-89
THTR, Germany
300 MWe1986-89
DRAGON, U.K. 20 MW1963-76
AVR, Germany
15 MWe
1967-88
HTR-10, China
10 MWth
since 2000
Peach Bottom, US 200 MWth1967-74
Test reactors
Industrial prototypes
HTR-PM, China
2 x 106 MWe2017?
HTTR, Japan
30 MWth
since 1998