nc 5 assignment 3 iodine and selenium

8/14/2019 NC 5 Assignment 3 Iodine and Selenium

1/14

IodineIodine

What is iodine: a tracemineral, it relatively rareranking #62 inabundance of the

elements of the earth.Not very abundant in theearths crust.

about .3-.5 parts per

million.in the bottom third ofelements in terms ofabundance

Concentrated in thethyroid gland, but foundin other tissues


2/14

FunctionsFunctions

Essential component ofT4 which is the inactiveform of thyroid

hormone whichchanges into T3, TSHregulates iodineuptake.

New research issuggesting that iodinemay kill cancer cells

A lot of interest inusing iodine infibrocystic breastsdisease and breast

cancer.


3/14

Deficiency signsDeficiency signs

Goiter: enlargement ofthyroid gland

Cretenism-mentalretardation, poorgrowth, infertility, andincreased risk of

mortalitly (book 498)

WHO estimates that 1.5billion people in theworld are iodine

deficient (brown21)


4/14

See Brownstein Chapter 5

Factors that contribute toFactors that contribute todepletiondepletion

Bromide, FluorideChloride

All three are halogensand similar inmolecular weight toIodine. They compete

for iodine receptor sitesin the body

Iodine comes from soil,so if you live in acountry not close to the

ocean, the soil may nothave adequate iodine

Inadequate intake ofiodine containing foods

such as seafood and seavegetables


5/14

Toxicity and adverseToxicity and adverseeffectseffects

Iodine toxicity canmanifest in eitherhypo-or hyperthyroid.

Surprisingly canmanifest as goiterwhich is typically

thought of as an iodinedeficiency only.


6/14

Nutrient rich foods sourcesNutrient rich foods sources

Action of waves fromocean creates iodinegas and it enters thefood through soil, air,

or waterSea vegetables, iodizedsalt, ocean foods suchas cod, sea bass,

haddock, and perch,shrimp, sardine.

Iodized salt: Potassiumiodide is added to tablesalt in the Unitedstates. This is a result

of the Great LakesStudy of 1920s.

Animals and milk, both

have iodine added inproduction


7/14

Recommended dosage forRecommended dosage forchildren and adultschildren and adults

RDA=150ug/day

UL of 1,100ug/day

Why the RDA isntgood enoughtheRDA is based upon

studies showing theminimum amount ofiodine needed to avoidgoiter. 150ug may

keep you from gettinggoiter, but may not besufficient for optimalhealth.


8/14See Brownstein Chapter 12

Instructions for takingInstructions for takingsupplementssupplements

Serum and salivarytesting are available

Iodine loading test:Ingest (50mg) andmeasure excretion

Also measureshalogens (fluoride,chloride, bromide)

Balance with VitaminC, magnesium,selenium

Testing resources:Doctors Data

Metametrix Labs


9/14

FunctionsFunctions

Protect cells from freeradical damage

Enables T3 thyroid

hormone production/conversion

Aid with decreasingjoint inflammation

Selenium is one of only2 minerals that acts asan antioxidant

Some studies supportits use for neutralizingmercury in the body

Some studies supportselenium as cancerpreventive


10/14

Deficiency and DepletionDeficiency and Depletion

Painful or weakmuscles

Discoloration of skin or

nailsWhitening onfingernail beds

Heart and jointproblems are thoughtto be associated with

deficiency, but theliterature iscontroversial

Some studies show

selenium deficiency inCrohns disease


11/14

ToxicityToxicity

Upper Limit (UL) set at400mcg for adults

Toxicity symptoms:

nausea, vomiting, hairloss, skin lesions.Abnormalities offingernail beds and loss

of fingernails

Animal studies showno toxicity at 1000-2000mcg according to

Dr. Lierberman


12/14

Nutrient Rich Food SourcesNutrient Rich Food Sources

Nuts-Brazil

Seafoodcod, shrimp,tuna, salmon

Meatcalf liverWhole grains

Mushrooms

All food sources aredependent on the soilor diet for high

selenium content


13/14

RDA and SupplementationRDA and Supplementation

Upper Limit (UL)400mcg

70mcg

ODI: 100-400mcgSONA: 250women/250 men

Because Selenium is anantioxidant, your bodymay need more or less

depending on freeradicalexposure/damage

SpectraCell FIA testing

available for a fullcellular vitaminanalysis


14/14

Bibliography/AdditionalBibliography/AdditionalResourcesResources

Brownstein, D. IodineWhy You Need It WhyYou Cant Live

Without It 4

th

ed. 2009.McGuire M, BeermanK. Nutritional Sciences:From Fundamentals to

Food. 495-500.

Lierberman, Shari. TheReal Vitamin andMineral Book. 2007

234-240, 241-244.

Mateljan, G. TheWorlds Healthiest

Foods. 2007 760-761,780-781.

nc 5 assignment 3 iodine and selenium

Documents