nazi policies towards the economy
TRANSCRIPT
Learning Objectives:
Evaluate how effective Nazi economic policies were between 1933-1939
Nazi Policies towards the Economy
Key Words:Autarky
Rearmament
Autobahns
Invisible Unemployed
Key CharactersDr. Robert Ley
Dr. Hjalmar Schacht
Key PoliciesDAF (Deutsche
Arbeitsfront)
RAD (Reich Labour
Service)
‘Beauty of Labour’
‘Strength through Joy’
Recap: Explain the methods used by Hitler to develop a youth that would be devoted
to the Nazi Party
• Who used the assessment outline sheet?
• Answer in full sentences/paragraphs
• Intro: Separate paragraph - Outline the major points that you will discuss. What might these be?
• If it does not answer the question don’t include it.
• Explain the methods…
• Use of link words.
• Conclusion: Review major points and show how they all combined lead to the outcome
Starter: The Economy before Hitler
LO: Evaluate how effective Nazi economic policies were between 1933-1939
As a group
create a spider
diagram
outlining all the
points you
know about
the Germany
economy
between 1923
to 1933
Germany relied on American money under the Dawes Plan to be able to pay for the Reparations.
When the American Stock Market crash on Wall Street, the USA stopped lending money to Germany.
The German economy went into recession.
The Situation in 1929LO: Evaluate how effective Nazi economic policies were between 1933-1939
What was the
Dawes Plan?
By January 1933, unemployment had reached 6,000,000.
No one would loan Germany any money and the Weimar Government couldn’t do anything to help the unemployed.
Hitler was elected on a promise to give the German people ‘Bread & Jobs.’
Germany 1933LO: Evaluate how effective Nazi economic policies were between 1933-1939
Were industrial workers better off under the Nazis?
LO: Evaluate how effective Nazi economic policies were between 1933-1939
In teams you will debate the above
question. Use sources 1-10 on pgs.123-125 and the information you have
learnt so far to help you argue you
case.
Dr Hjalmar Schacht - President of the Reichsbank - directed German economic policy
Believed in steady growth and a stable currency
Against spending too much on rearmament before the German economy was strong enough
His New Plan of 1934 aimed to - reduce imports into Germany- Develop Trade Agreements- Reduce Unemployment
He fell out with Hitler over the speed of rearmament and was replaced by Hermann Goering in 1936
Germany 1933LO: Evaluate how effective Nazi economic policies were between 1933-1939
0
1000000
2000000
3000000
4000000
5000000
6000000
7000000
Series1 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
Series2 6,014,000 3,773,000 2,974,000 2,520,000 1,853,000 1,052,000 302,000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Impact of Hitler’s Policies on Unemployment
LO: Evaluate how effective Nazi economic policies were between 1933-1939
How did Hitler put Germany back to work?
LO: Evaluate how effective Nazi economic policies were between 1933-1939
Hitler’s IdeasLO: Evaluate how effective Nazi economic policies were between 1933-1939
German economy can be converted into a war
machine – he believed Germany had lost World
War One because it relied too much on foreign
imported goods
Germany must rearm quickly, conquer countries
and takeover their economies and move on
By exploiting conquered countries, living standards
could be maintained at home despite all the
money being spent on war
In 1936 Goering was appointed to introduce a 4
year plan to put Hitler’s ideas into action
Goering’s 4 Year PlanLO: Evaluate how effective Nazi economic policies were between 1933-1939
• Speed up rearmament
and make Germany ready
for war
• German Military spending
• Make Germany self
sufficient in raw materials
“autarchy” by developing
home grown substitutes.
1933 1939
1.9 million marks 32.3 million marks
Hitler wanted Germany to be a strong independent country that was sufficient in food and materials.
Germany had lost WW1 because it had run out of food and war materials.
German scientist developed all sorts of artificial substitutes such as petrol from coal and coffee from acorns.
These new substitutes were made in Germany and gave the unemployed jobs in new industries.
Hitler also encouraged the growth of the car industry.
Autarky – National Self Sufficiency
LO: Evaluate how effective Nazi economic policies were between 1933-1939
• The size of the German army grew massively from 100,000 in 1933 to 1,400,000 in 1939
• Hitler became more confident and started to openly break the Treaty of Versailles.
• Imports had to increase!
What were the results of this?
LO: Evaluate how effective Nazi economic policies were between 1933-1939
Designed by Porsche and nicked named ‘The Peoples Car’, known today as the ……?
The Car IndustryLO: Evaluate how effective Nazi economic policies were between 1933-1939
Car Industry
Created Jobs in other industries
because of the need for
standardised parts.
Car Production could
easily be switched to the
production of military
vehicles
Produced low cost
cars which helped to
keep the German
people happy Steel
Glass
Rubber
Leather
Cycle of Prosperity
The Car IndustryLO: Evaluate how effective Nazi economic policies were between 1933-1939
• Unemployment dropped quickly 4.8
million in 1933 to 0.5 million in 1938
• Wages rose slightly but were still
lower in 1938 than they had been in
1928
• Working hours went up to 49 hours
per week in 1939 – 52 hours in 1943
to over 60 hours per week by 1945
• There were fewer consumer goods
- personal and household goods
• Trade unions were replaced by “Beauty of Labour” and “Strength
Through Joy” who organised better
conditions and leisure activities
Was the 4 year Plan a success?
LO: Evaluate how effective Nazi economic policies were between 1933-1939
Gave men jobs in public
work schemes
Men in RAD had to wear
a uniform & live in
camps.
They were given free
meals and pocket
money.
Built: drainage ditches,
schools, a new network
of motorways and
planted new forests.
RAD – The National Labour Service
LO: Evaluate how effective Nazi economic policies were between 1933-1939
What was the aim
of Hitler’s Public
Works Programme?
Kick start the
Cycle of
Prosperity
To improve the public
transport network for
industrial & military use
To improve the
living conditions of
the German people
To build impressive
buildings so that the
German people
would feel proud
RAD – The National Labour Service
LO: Evaluate how effective Nazi economic policies were between 1933-1939
By 1934 all Jews were sacked from civil service jobs which were then given to German workers.
Unemployed Jews were not registered.
Women lost their jobs which were given to men.
People who refused jobs offered by the labour service were arrested and put into concentration camps.
What other measures did Hitler introduce in order to reduce
unemployment?
LO: Evaluate how effective Nazi economic policies were between 1933-1939
• Unemployment fell everywhere
not just in Germany
• Some people were forced to
work on public works
• There were disadvantages –
workers had no representation
• Workers put more into the
economy than they got out
• If you were “Aryan” and of no
strong political beliefs life was
relatively good
Were people better off under the Nazis?
LO: Evaluate how effective Nazi economic policies were between 1933-1939
• What do we mean by Totalitarianism?
• Totalitarianism is a concept used by some political scientists in which the state holds total authority over the society and seeks to control all aspects of public and private life wherever possible.
• Draw a mindmap showing all the methods that the Nazi’s employed in order to develop a totalitarian dictatorship.
RECAP: Nazi Totalitarianism