navigation routes and reference systems
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ASSIGNMENT 1: NAVIGATION ROUTES AND REFERENCE SYSTEMS
1.
RouteI’ve chosen LEMD (Adolfo Suárez Madrid-Barajas Airport) as origin and WMKK (Kuala
Lumpur International Airport) as destiny.
1.1 G
r
e
a
t
C
i
r
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Figure 1. Routes from Madrid to Kuala Lumpur (cylindrical projections)
1.1 RouteI’ve drawn the great circle route in
Google Earth in green ( Figure 1, file
GreatCircle.m) and I’ve calculated
the initial rhumb and final rhumb
graphically in Google Earth ( Figure
2) and using formulas from library
(file GreatCircle.m). The results are:
Graphically MATLAB
Distance 11098.1 Km 11090 Km
InitialBearing
77.86º 77.8647º
FinalBearing
------ 311.8773º
Figure 2. Distance between LEMD and
WMKK with Google Earth Ruler
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1.2 Rhumb Lines
I’ve drawn the rhumb line in Google Earth in blue ( Figure 1, file RhumbLine.m).
Previously, I’ve created the loxo.m function. The list of waypoints is:
Latitude Longitude
LEMD 40.4722º 40º 28’ 19.92’’ N -3.5608º 03º 33’ 38.88’’ W
Waypoint 1 36.6996º 36º 41’ 58.56’’ N 8.6624º 08º 39’ 44.64’’ E
Waypoint 2 32.9269º 32º 55’ 36.84’’ N 20.2993º 20º 17’ 57.48’’ E
Waypoint 3 29.1542º 29º 09’ 15.12’’ N 31.4497º 31º 26’ 58.92’’ E
Waypoint 4 25.3816º 25º 22’ 53.76’’ N 42.1973º 42º 11’ 50.28’’ E
Waypoint 5 21.6089º 21º 36’ 32.04’’ N 52.6140º 52º 36’ 50.40’’ E
Waypoint 6 17.8362º 17º 50’ 10.32’’ N 62.7622º 62º 45’ 43.92’’ E
Waypoint 7 14.0636º 14º 03’ 48.96’’ N 72.6974º 72º 41’ 50.64’’ E
Waypoint 8 10.2909º 10º 17’ 27.24’’ N 82.4698º 82º 28’ 11.28’’ E
Waypoint 9 6.5182º 06º 31’ 05.52’’ N 92.1260º 92º 07’ 33.60’’ E
WMKK 2.7456º 02º 44’ 44.16’’ N 101.7097º 101º 42’ 34.90’’ E
1.3
Approximating great circles with rhumb lines
I’ve created the ortoloxo.m file to approximate great circles with a series of 10 rhumb
lines and I’ve drawn it in Google Earth in pink ( Figure 1). I’ve also drawn a circle
pointing an area with 25 NM of radius. As we can see ( Figure 3), the route is within the
circle, so the error of the route is less than 25 NM.
Figure 2. Circle of radius 25 NM.
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1.4 AirwaysThe RNAV and not-RNAV routes are drawn in yellow and red, respectively ( Figure 1).
For that, I’ve created a Matlab program air_routes.m. and previously, I’ve keep
RouteFinder waypoints in route_Rnav.txt and route_noRNAV.txt .
Here, there are all routes in Google Earth:
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2. Pointing an antenna to a satellite
2.1 Satellite selectionI’ve chosen Thor 7 satellite with geostationary orbit. The information provided by the
website is:
2.2
ExercisesI’ve created an archive (Satelite.m file) that calculates the elevation and azimuth angles and
the distance to the satellite. I’ve used the professor ’s functions to do it . The results are: Elevation: 44.3669º
Azimuth: 179.5553º
Distance: 37438 Km
As we can see, they are very similar to website information.
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2.3 Satellite view in Google EarthI’ve developed an archive (SateliteGoogleEarth.m) which draws the line of sight to the
satellite in Google Earth:
MªDolores López Blesa, Grupo 835