naval architecture of north pole shipping and resourcesnaval architecture of north pole shipping and...

Naval Architecture of North Pole Shipping and Resources

Harbin Engineering University

2015.06.29

Background

Fundamental problems2

1

Outlines

Researches at HEU3

1.1 Background — Arctic route

Global warming makes the thickness of arctic ice and

ice-cover area reducing year by year.

In present, the navigable time is about 5

months ( from mid-Jul. to early Dec.).

Experts predict that the arctic will be

navigable all the year within several decades.

1982

(left)

2008

(right)

The arctic route is the shortest route that connected to the

north Pacific and Atlantic;

There are three traditional routes from Europe to Asia:

One is the route by way of Suez Canal, 19931km, 35 days;

another one is that by way of Panama Canal , 26186lm, 40 days;

third one is that by way of the Horn of Africa,22356km,46 days;

if the ships navigate by arctic route, only 12456 km, 22 days,

almost half of the time.

1.1 Background — Polar ships

Tasks :

Polar shipping trade, channel building up and

maintenance, scientific research, supply security, etc.

Types:

Main carrier, such as container vessel, tanker,

bulk carrier, etc.

Polar research ship

Icebreaker, etc.

Vitus Bering ( Multi-function of

icebreaking and support vessel)

1.2 Background — Resources

The poles are rich in natural resources and

will be the important energy and resource

base in the future.

• Oil - 90 hundred million buckets

• Gas – 473000 hundred million m3

• Condensate gas reservoir-44 hundred million buckets

We need to enhance the engineering equipment

manufacturing industry and support the technical

reservation for development of polar resources.

1.2 Background — Polar offshore structures

Tasks: Polar exploration, resource development and resource transportation, etc.

Types:

Fixed offshore platform: artificial ice-land, ice-resistant gravity platform, ice-resistant jacket

platform, ice-resistant jack-up platform, etc.

Floating offshore platform: ship-type ice-resistant FPSO platform、cylindrical ice-resistant FPSO

platform、ice-resistant semi-submersible platform、ice-resistant tension leg platform、 ice-

resistant Spar platform, etc.

Stena DrillMax ICE IV Drilling ShipCylindrical ice-resistant FPSO platform

Background


1

Outlines

Researches at HEU3

Environment and conditions of

arctic navigation

• Research on morphology and

property of polar sea ice

• Research on polar climate and

environment

• The convention/rules/norms in

the polar region

Development and design of

equipment

• Geometric configurations

• Structural form

• Systematic design

2.1 Problem analysis

Technical content in polar equipment

┇

Feedback

┇

Performance

of polar equipment

• Load and Capacity

• Structural performance

• Kinetic performance

┇

Design Construction Navigation/Operation

2.1 Problems analysis

Polar environment and its influence

on the overall design

Sea-ice

Cryogenic freezing

Wind, snow, current and wave

Shallow and narrow channel

Complex electromagnetic environment

Environmental protection ……

How to grasp of the input

information for design?


Structural response under

the environmental loads

Ice-structure collision

Ice resistance

Ship propulsion

Ship maneuvering

Overall and local strength

Fatigue strength and stability……

How the system responses

under the input information？


Design of ice-resistant

ships and platforms

Icebreaker

Ice-resistant spud leg

Green shipping

Low temperature-resistant materials

Structural strengthening

Propeller design……

How to decide the configuration

and design of the system？

Conventional type ship

Icebreaker

2.2 Important basic problems

Due to the particularity of polar low-temperature environment and ice-loads, a lot of

huge challenges are put forward for the material, structural form, overall performance

and design of the polar ship and marine engineering. In order to enhance the safety

and reliability of polar shipping and equipment of resource development , we are

demonstrating the ‘Key Project of Chinese National Programs for Fundamental

Research and Development (973 Program) ’, and sorting out these problems:

Prediction and monitoring on environmental loads of

arctic shipping and operation;

Structural response and performance of floating bodies

under polar environment;

Design of structure and system with resistance to ice

load and low temperature;

Green technology and safety of ocean equipment under

polar environment.

Prediction and monitoring on environmental loads of arctic shipping and operation

1:Research on typical polar hydrometeorology

2:Research on typical distribution and migration for polar ice

……

Design of structure and system with resistance to ice-load and low

temperature

1:Research on geometry of new icebreaker2:Structural design of new polar ocean platform such as jack-up and floats, etc.

……

Green technology and safety of ocean equipment under polar environment

1:Research on green design and manufacture of polar equipment

2:Research on ice-induced vibration and reduction of vibration and noise of polar

equipment

……

Environmental

conditions

Response and

performance

Structural

design and

safety

Structural response and performance of floating bodies under polar environment

1:Theory model and numerical method of ice-load

2:Prediction of resistance performance in water and mixed ice flow field

……

2.3 Structure of potential ‘973 Program’

2.3.1 Prediction and monitoring on environmental loads of arctic shipping and

operation（1）

Analysis of meteorological condition in polar typical sea fields;

Evolution of surface wave, internal wave and ocean current in polar

typical sea fields;

Distribution and migration of sea ice in polar typical sea fields;

The schematic of propagation of internal

wave and ocean current in different sea fieldThe schematic of internal physical cycle of

atmosphere- ice-ocean system

Research on constitutive model and mechanical performance of sea ice;

Effect of scale on sea-ice mechanical model and similarity theory study;

Strength change of sea-ice with

different scalesDifferent damage types of sea-ice


operation（2）

Research on the theory and method of ice-water mixed flow;

Research on the coupling dynamics of ice, wind, waves, currents and

snow, etc.;

The schematic of movement and deformation of sea-ice

with other polar loads


operation（3）

2.3.2 Structural response and performance of floating bodies under polar

environment（1）

Theoretical model and numerical method of ice-load;

Model test technology of ice-structure collision;

Numerical simulation of ice brokenModel test of ice-ship collision

Research on the interaction of ice-water-propeller;

Prediction of ship rapidity in ice-water mixed flow field;

Research on ship maneuverability in ice-water mixed flow field;

Model test of ship resistance in crushed ice

fieldMeasurement test of ship turning circle on

ice surface


environment（2）

Check on structural strength of equipment in different pattern of icebreaking;

Research on floodibility of equimment after collision with ice.

Continuous

icebreaking

Rolling

icebreaking

Collision

icebreaking

Damage of stem of Overseas Ohio

after collision with iceberg


environment（3）

2.3.3 Design of structure and system with resistance to ice load and low

temperature（1）

Research on geometric configuration of new

polar icebreaker;

Design and performance analysis of new

polar propulsion;

Performance test of

propeller

Analysis of configuration of ship


temperature （2）

Ice resistant structural design of ocean platform such as jack-up, floating

platform;

Design of structure resistant to buckling and fatigue under polar

environmental load;

Analysis of different kinds of platform leg resistant to ice-load


temperature （3）

Erosion effect of polar equipment under action of freeze-thaw cycle;

Research on design of deicing system of polar equipment;

Design and reliability analysis of polar system resistant to low temperature.

Ice-storm on Norway’s LNG in 2006

2.3.4 Green technology and safety of ocean equipment under polar

environment（1）

Green design and manufacture of polar marine equipment;

Research on new-energy power under polar environment;

Pod propulsion

Green design

Ice-induced vibration and vibration & noise reduction of polar equipment;

New method and technology of communication & navigation in polar

environment;

Total

vibration

Local

vibration

Impact noise in

cabin

Impact load of icebreaking

Stucture

Cabin


environment（2）

Optimization theory and method of multidisciplinary design of polar

equipment;

Monitoring and prediction method of sea-ice management and safety;

Assessment criteria and theory of safety design of polar equipment.

Conceptual design of information monitoring

system of sea-ice management in the future


environment（3）

Outlines

Background


1

Researches at HEU3

Title Awarded by Role Cooperation organizations

Research on introduction and

alliance of key technology of

polar carrier design

Ministry of Science

and TechnologyLeader

State Marine Technical

University of St.Petersburg,

Russia

Research on theoretical

prediction method of

navigating ships in polar and

surrounding areas

Ministry of Industry

and Information

Technology

Leader

Dalian University of Technology,

Tianjin University、708 Institute

of China

Key technology on basic

design for polar autonomous

icebreaking scientific research

ships


and Information

Technology

Participant

708 Institute of China, Polar

Research Center of China, China

Classification Society, Jiangnan

Shipyard

Key technology on polar

multipurpose container


and Information

Technology

Participant

708 Institute of China, China

Classification Society, Jiangnan

Shipyard, Guangzhou Wenchong

Shipyard

3.1 Projects & Funds（1）

Title Awarded by Role Cooperation organizations

Key technology on polar oil

tanker


and Information

Technology

Participant

Dalian Shipbuilding Industry,

702 Institute of China,

Shandong Shipping Company

Key technology on polar deck

carrier


and Information

Technology

Participant

Guangzhou International

Shipyard, Shanghai Ship Design

and Research Institute, China

Classification China

Research on icebreaking ability

and ice load of ice breaker

National Natural

Science Foundation

of China (NSFC)

-------------

Research on overall

performance and conceptual

design of polar ships

Fundamental

Research Funds for

the Central

Universities

-------------

Prediction on the icebreaking

ability of icebreaker

702 Institute of

China702 Institute of China

3.1 Projects & Funds （2）

Theoretical

analysis

Numerical

simulation

Ice load and icebreaking ability

Structural analysis

Resistance

Propulsion

Vibration

Prediction on

polar ship

performance

Model test

3.2 Research fields and method

Experimental

study

Maneuverability

3.3 Research progress—ice load and icebreaking ability

Ice loads Calculation:

Ice Force = Normal compressional force Fcr + Friction force f

Numerical Results:

Longitudinal ice force on the advancing ship

3.4 Research progress—structural analysis

Stress contour on the local polar ship structure

Strength assessment on a new ice-breaker of China

Danger position

3.5 Research progress—resistance

FEM simulation of ice resistance

Comparison between FEM and empirical formula Ice resistance at different ice thickness

3.6 Research progress—propulsion

0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.22

0.24

0.26

KT10KQ

Ice & propeller in non-contact condition:

Initial position Blocking and approaching effect Trailing vortex

KT and 10KQ curves of the propeller

Ice & propeller in contact condition:

Ice-propeller contact model

3.7 Research progress—maneuverability

iceRPHz

iceRPH

iceRPH

NNNNNrI

YYYYYurvm

XXXXvrum

)(

)(

MMG Model: the forces includes bare

hull hydrodynamic force; propulsion

force; rudder force and ice force. The 3

DOF maneuverability equation is:

Interface of software of motion prediction

3.7 Research progress—vibration

FEM model of icebreaker Local vibration

Global vibration

Resistance and self-propulsion test in non refrigerated breakable ice sheets

3.8 Research progress—model test

Sketch: 1-ship model 2-fence 3- non refrigerated breakable ice sheets 4-door 5-channel

1 35

3.8 Research progress—model test results

1

2

3

1- overturn 2-submergence 3- sliding of breakable ice sheets;

Left-Experimental results; Right- numerical results

Thank you！

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