Nature of MatterNature of Matter

Tiffaney MathisTiffaney Mathis

Adrian P. DefanteAdrian P. Defante

ObjectivesObjectives

Knows the weight of an object is always Knows the weight of an object is always equal the sum of its parts (Standard 1, equal the sum of its parts (Standard 1, Strand 3)Strand 3)

Knows that different materials can be Knows that different materials can be physically combined to produce different physically combined to produce different substance (Standard 1, Strand 4)substance (Standard 1, Strand 4) Knows the differences and similarities Knows the differences and similarities

between mixtures and solutions (GLE)between mixtures and solutions (GLE)

VocabularyVocabulary

MixtureMixture HeterogeneousHeterogeneous HomogenousHomogenous Normal SolutionNormal Solution SolubilitySolubility SolventSolvent SoluteSolute Colloid – Colloid – 1 phase system of two or more components1 phase system of two or more components Surfactant – surface active molecule or linkerSurfactant – surface active molecule or linker

Mixtures and SolutionsMixtures and Solutions

What is a MixtureWhat is a Mixture In the broadest sense, Combination of two or In the broadest sense, Combination of two or

more substances more substances not chemicallynot chemically united, united, NO EXCHANGE OF ELECTRONSNO EXCHANGE OF ELECTRONS

Can be separated physicallyCan be separated physically CategoriesCategories

• HomogenousHomogenous• HeterogeneousHeterogeneous• Colloidal - IntermediateColloidal - Intermediate

Homogenous vs HeterogeneousHomogenous vs Heterogeneous

HomoHomogenous – mixture is of genous – mixture is of uniformuniform appearanceappearance Visual ExamplesVisual Examples

• Sugar or salt in waterSugar or salt in water Why is this homogenous?Why is this homogenous?

HeterogeneousHeterogeneous – mixture is of – mixture is of differentdifferent appearanceappearance Visual ExamplesVisual Examples

• Cookie DoughCookie Dough What can you see in cookie dough What can you see in cookie dough that makes it heterogenousthat makes it heterogenous

Colloidal SolutionsColloidal Solutions

What is a colloidal solutionWhat is a colloidal solution Contains solvent and a soluteContains solvent and a solute 2 or more components or ingredients appearing to be one 2 or more components or ingredients appearing to be one

homogenous phasehomogenous phase Appearance is uniformAppearance is uniform

What it is NOTWhat it is NOT Not a chemical reactionNot a chemical reaction Components/Ingredients do not mix naturally together Components/Ingredients do not mix naturally together

Make two things mix together that normally do notMake two things mix together that normally do not

Name some mixturesName some mixtures

Colloidal SolutionsColloidal Solutions Paint (metal in latex)Paint (metal in latex) Mayonnaise (oil in vinegar)Mayonnaise (oil in vinegar) Soft Drinks (Carbon dioxide in Water)Soft Drinks (Carbon dioxide in Water)

Normal Solutions Normal Solutions Sugar in waterSugar in water Salt in waterSalt in water Air (gasses are the only ideal/true solutions)Air (gasses are the only ideal/true solutions)

So what is the difference if these are all mixtures?So what is the difference if these are all mixtures?

Difference between True and Difference between True and Colloidal SolutionsColloidal Solutions

Sugar Solution

Sugar Molecule

Water Molecule

Mayonnaise

Oil Molecule

Water Molecule

Vocab ConnectionVocab Connection

Mixture – What is it?Mixture – What is it?

Homogenous – What is it?Homogenous – What is it?

Heterogeneous – What is it?Heterogeneous – What is it?

Normal SolutionsNormal Solutions

Colloidal SolutionsColloidal Solutions

We can turn a colloidal solution to appear to be normal solutionWe can turn a colloidal solution to appear to be normal solution

Classified into

Between the two classifications are

Lets Cook! – Investigating MayoLets Cook! – Investigating Mayo

Like a chameleon, colloidal solutions can look like normal solutions

Like a chameleon, colloidal solutions can look like normal solutions

ExperimentExperiment

(1) Mix Sugar and Water(1) Mix Sugar and Water (2) Mix Oil and Water(2) Mix Oil and Water

What’s the differenceWhat’s the difference Describe these systems with the vocabulary Describe these systems with the vocabulary

usedused (3) Mix Oil and Vinegar(3) Mix Oil and Vinegar (4) Mix Oil, Vinegar and beaten egg yolk(4) Mix Oil, Vinegar and beaten egg yolk

How to combine two components How to combine two components together that normally do not mix?together that normally do not mix?

Mayo Experiment - concepts enforcedMayo Experiment - concepts enforced

• Conclude that oil and water are immiscible and can not be mixed. Conclude that oil and water are immiscible and can not be mixed. Remember the density columnRemember the density column

• Show that in real life, very few mixtures are true solutionsShow that in real life, very few mixtures are true solutions

• Expand the understanding that mixtures cannot simply be defined Expand the understanding that mixtures cannot simply be defined by looking at themby looking at them

• Explain the difference between a colloidal solution and a true Explain the difference between a colloidal solution and a true solutionsolution..

References:(1) http://www.iit.edu/~smile/ch9509.html

(2) The American Chemical Society