Natural Resources

What resources are there?Where are resources located?Where are resources used?

Fresh waterWater and health

Diarrheal diseases- Every day, diarrheal diseases cause some

6,000 deaths, mostly among children under fiveMalaria

- Over 1 million people die from malaria every year.

Improved water supply and sanitation

Water and sanitation

1 billion people lack access to improved water supply2.4 billion people lack access to improved

sanitationAccess to piped water through household

connections- Latin America and the Caribbean: 66% - Asia: 49% - Africa: 24%

Access to sanitation linked to a sewage system:- Latin America and the Caribbean: 66% - Asia: 18%- Africa: 13%

Schistosomiasis (bilharziasis)

More than 200 million people worldwide are infected by schistosomiasis.

Water Shortages

Renewable Freshwater

Water Usage

Ocean resourcesNot much is knownCensus of the Sea is underwayFunding up to $1 billion US

Ocean resources

Biogeography of Deep-Water Chemosynthetic Ecosystems(ChEss) Census of Diversity of Abyssal Marine Life(CeDAMaR)

Gulf of Maine Project (GoMe) Mid-Atlantic Ridge Ecosystems Project(MAR-ECO)

Natural Geography in Shore Areas(NaGISA) Pacific Ocean Salmon Tracking Program(POST)

Tagging of Pacific Pelagics(TOPP)

Over-fishingSeafood is the primary source of animal protein for as much as one-sixth of the world's populationIn the U.S. alone, commercial and recreational fishing annually amounts to a $50 billion industryConsumption is increasing, but fish stocks are declining worldwide as a result of environmental pressures and growing demand for seafood

Renewable Resources

Thai Fish farm

Salmon farm

BiomassThe term "biomass" means any plant derived organic matter available on a renewable basis, including dedicated energy crops and trees, agricultural food and feed crops, agricultural crop wastes and residues, wood wastes and residues, aquatic plants, animal wastes, municipal wastes, and other waste materials.

Forests

Non-renewable ResourcesNon-fuels

Utah copper mine

4,770 tons2044,000 tonsGold

250 tons19056,000 tonsPlatinum

235147,000Nickel

16,100,000178150,000,000Iron

01091,400,000Chrome

20,00021923,000,000Bauxite

U.S. Reserves1,000 tons

World LifetimeYears

World Reserve1,000 tonsMaterial

World Mineral Reserves

Iron OreThe Canadian iron ore industry produces iron ore in several forms, including pellets, concentrates Iron is the main element in steel – the metal so basic to industrial society. Most iron ore, both in Canada and elsewhere, is extracted from open-pit mines.

In Canada, Newfoundland and Labrador is the largest iron ore producer, followed by Quebec and British Colombia. Of the four major steel-producing regions in the world – Canada and the United States, the Russian Federation, Japan, and Western Europe – only the United States, Canada and the Russian Federation have enough iron ore for their needs.

Iron Exports

Iron

Open pit copper mine in Utah, 450 metres deep

Transmaterialization

The Physical environmentmost serious industrial offenders are:

pulp and paper millsiron and steel millspetroleum refineriessmelterschemical plants

In long run:substantial new supplies need to be foundnew technologies need to take over