national needs
DESCRIPTION
National Needs. REU Program, 2013. James McCalley ( [email protected] ). Energy 201: the nation. 40%. 18%. LightDuty: 61% Freight: 28% Aviation: 11%. 28%. 2. https://flowcharts.llnl.gov/index.html. US ENERGY USE IS ABOUT 70% ELECTRIC & TRANSPORTATION. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
College of Engineering
Discovery with Purpose www.engineering.iastate.edu
REU Program, 2013
National NeedsJames McCalley ([email protected])
College of Engineering
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LightDuty: 61%Freight: 28%Aviation: 11%
Energy 201: the nation
https://flowcharts.llnl.gov/index.html
40%
18%
28%
College of Engineering
US ENERGY USE IS ABOUT 70% ELECTRIC & TRANSPORTATION
US CO2 EMISSIONS* IS ABOUT 71% ELECTRIC & TRANSPORTATION
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* Anthropogenic
GREENING ELECTRIC & DIVERSIFYING TRANSPORTATION IS THE MOST EFFECTIVE
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR REDUCING EMISSIONS
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Solar, 1.0
Nuclear,15
Hydro, 2.95
Wind, 8.1
Geothermal 3.04
Natural Gas 23.84
Old Coal10.42
Biomass 3.88
Petroleum15.13
26.33
8.58
24.5
8.5
Unused Energy (Losse
s)43.0
Electric Generation
49.72
12.68
Used Energy42.15
Residential
11.48
Commercial
8.58
Industrial23.94
Trans-portation
15.5
15
6.82
20.54
6.95
INCREASE Non-GHG
12Q to 30Q
USE
11Q E
lectric for transportation
4.5Q
IGCC, 2.26
RE
DU
CE
CO
AL
22Q
TO
10Q
REDUCE PETROLEUM 37Q15Q LightDuty: 8.56QFreight: 3.75QAviation: 3.19Q
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Technolgy
ForecastedNERC, 2018
Hi Eff&RenewableUCS (NEMS),
2030
Hi IGCC/CCSNAE, 2035
Hi WindISU, 2035
∆GW Overnight cost
Trillion $
∆GW Overnight cost
Trillion $
∆GW Overnight cost
Trillion $
∆GW Overnight cost
Trillion $
Con Solar 20.4 0.102 238 1.195 - 0 65.5 0.329
PV solar - 0 174 1.051 - 0 58.9 0.356
Nuclear 14.8 0.049 4.4 0.015 100 0.332 60.9 0.202
Wind onshore
229 0.440 670 1.288 350 0.673 630 1.211
Wind offshore
- 0 62 0.239 - 0 80 0.307
Geothrml 0.4 .002 31.8 0.127 - 0 106 0.424
Coal convntnl
19 0.039 red 0 red 0 red 0
IGCC+seq - 0 7 0.024 400 1.400 29.5 0.103
NGCC 107 0.103 - 0 - 0 - 0
Biomass - 0 157 0.591 - 0 - 0
TOTALS 389 0.735 1344 4.516 850 2.405 1031 2.930
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Grand Challenge Question For Energy:
What investments should be made, how much, when, and where, at the national level, over the next 40 years, to achieve a sustainable, low cost, and resilient energy & transportation system?
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NUCLEAR
GEOTHERMALSOLAR
WindBIOMASS
CLEAN-FOSSIL
Where, when, how much of each, & how to interconnect?
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Grand Challenges For Wind:1. Move wind energy from
where it is harvested to where it can be used
2. Develop economically-attractive methods to accommodate increased variability and uncertainty introduced by large wind penetrations in operating the grid.
3. Improve wind turbine/farm economics (decrease investment and maintenance costs, increase operating revenues).
4. Address potential concerns about local siting, including wildlife, aesthetics, and impact on agriculture.
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