national children’s

National Children’s

Food Survey II

Main Report

Irish Universities Nutrition Alliance (IUNA)

Table of contents

Chapter 1 Background and Methodology

This chapter provides a detailed description of the background information and methodology

used in the National Children’s Food Survey II (NCFS II).

Chapter 2 Sampling data

This chapter provides information about the socio-demographic details of the children who

took part in NCFS II.

Table 2.1 Number of participants in the survey by gender and age group (n & (%))

Table 2.2 Number of participants in the survey for the total population and by gender

and age group (n & (%))

Table 2.3 Geographical location of participants for the total population and by gender


Table 2.4 Social class and socio-economic group of participants for the total population

and by gender and age group (n & (%))

Table 2.5 Education level of participants' parents for the total population and by gender


Chapter 3 Food Consumption

This chapter presents the intakes of different food groups for the total population and by

consumers only.

Table 3.1 Mean, SD, median and percentile values of food group intakes (g/d) in the

total population (5-12y)

Table 3.2 Mean, SD, median and percentile values of food group intakes (g/d) in

consumers only (5-12y)

Table 3.3 Mean, SD, median and percentile values of food group intakes (g/d) by age

group, in the total population

Table 3.4 Mean, SD, median and percentile values of food group intakes (g/d) by age

group, in consumers only

Table 3.5 Mean, SD, median and percentile values of food group intakes (g/d) for all

boys (5-12y) and by age group, in the total population


girls (5-12y) and by age group, in the total population


boys (5-12y) and by age group, in consumers only


girls (5-12y) and by age group, in consumers only

Chapter 4 Nutrient Intakes

This chapter provides information on energy, macronutrient, dietary fibre, vitamin and mineral

intakes.

Table 4.1 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily energy, macronutrient,

dietary fibre, vitamin and mineral intakes in children aged 5-12 years (total

population)


vitamin and mineral intakes by gender


vitamin and mineral intakes by age group


vitamin and mineral intakes for boys, by age group


vitamin and mineral intakes for girls, by age group

Table 4.6 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily total vitamin A (µg) intakes

from all sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and

age group

Table 4.7 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily retinol (µg) intakes from

all sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and age

group

Table 4.8 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily carotene (µg) intakes from


group

Table 4.9 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily vitamin D (µg) intakes


age group

Table 4.10 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily total vitamin E (mg)

intakes from all sources and food sources for the total population and by

gender and age group

Table 4.11 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily thiamin (mg) intakes from


group

Table 4.12 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily riboflavin (mg) intakes


age group

Table 4.13 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily total niacin (mg) intakes


age group

Table 4.14 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily vitamin B6 (mg) intakes


age group

Table 4.15 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily vitamin B12 (µg) intakes


age group

Table 4.16 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily total folate (µg) intakes


age group age group and gender

Table 4.17 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily dietary folate equivalents

(µg) intakes from all sources and food sources for the total population and by

gender and age group

Table 4.18 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily biotin (µg) intakes from all

sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and age group

age group and gender

Table 4.19 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily pantothenate (mg) intakes


age group

Table 4.20 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily vitamin C (mg) intakes


age group

Table 4.21 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily potassium (mg) intakes


age group

Table 4.22 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily calcium (mg) intakes from


group by age group and gender

Table 4.23 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily iron (mg) intakes from all

sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and age group

Table 4.24 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily magnesium (mg) intakes


age group

Table 4.25 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily zinc (mg) intakes from all

sources and food sources by for the total population and by gender and age

group age group and gender

Table 4.26 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily copper (mg) intakes from


group

Table 4.27 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily phosphorus (mg) intakes


age group

Table 4.28 Contribution (%) of food groups to mean daily intakes of energy,

macronutrients and dietary fibre in children aged 5-12 years

Table 4.29 Contribution (%) of food groups to mean daily vitamin intakes in children

aged 5-12 years

Table 4.30 Contribution (%) of food groups to mean daily mineral intakes in children

aged 5-12 years

Chapter 5 Anthropometric measurements

This chapter provides information on anthropometric measurements.

Table 5.1 Mean, SD, median and percentile values of anthropometric measurements by

age group and gender

Table 5.2 Prevalence (%) of overweight and obesity in children aged 5-12 years using

UK 90 growth references

Table 5.3 Prevalence (%) of overweight and obesity in children aged 5-12 years using

the IOTF cut-offs

Table 5.4 Mean, SD and median values of BMI (kg/m2) for children aged 5-12 years

by demographic factors and age group

Table 5.5 Mean, SD and median values of BMI (kg/m2) for boys aged 5-12 years by

demographic factors and age group

Table 5.6 Mean, SD and median values of BMI (kg/m2) for girls aged 5-12 years by

demographic factors and age group

Chapter 6 Physical Activity Levels

This chapter provides information on physical activity levels.

Table 6.1 Median time (minutes/day) spent in physical and sedentary activities and

watching screens by children aged 5-12 years

Table 6.2 Median time (minutes/day) spent watching screens, television and gaming by

children aged 5-12 years

Table 6.3 Median time (minutes/day) spent participating in total, physical and

sedentary activities by children aged 5-12 years

Chapter 1 Background and Methodology

Background

This report describes the methods and main findings on food and beverage consumption,

nutrient intakes, anthropometric measurements and physical activity levels from the National

Children’s Food Survey II (NCFS II). The NCFS II was a cross-sectional survey designed to

assess the food and nutrient intakes in a nationally representative sample of 600 children aged

5 to 12 years in the Republic of Ireland.

The electronic database compiled from the survey represents a valuable resource and is suitable

for a wide range of applications related to food safety and nutrition. These include assessment

of exposure to chemical and biological hazards in foods, development and implementation of

food and nutrition policy and food product development and promotion.

The NCFS II was carried out by the Irish Universities Nutrition Alliance (IUNA), a formal

alliance of the nutrition centres at academic institutions in Ireland including University College

Cork, University College Dublin, Cork Institute of Technology and Technological University

Dublin, which is committed to joint initiatives in research and teaching. The survey was carried

out by the following teams:

University College Cork Prof Albert Flynn, Emeritus Professor in Nutrition

Dr Laura Kehoe, Joint Project Co-ordinator

Ms Ciara Kingston, Research Nutritionist

Ms Róisín McCarthy, Research Nutritionist

Ms Stephanie O’ Regan, Research Nutritionist

Ms Aisling Walsh, Research Nutritionist

Dr Jacqueline Lyons, Postdoctoral Research Nutritionist

Dr Emma O’ Sullivan, Postdoctoral Research Nutritionist

Cork Institute of Technology Dr Janette Walton, Lecturer in Nutrition

Mr Eoin Morrissey, Research Nutritionist

University College Dublin Dr Breige McNulty, Lecturer in Nutrition

Dr Maria Buffini, Joint Project Co-ordinator

Dr Anne Nugent, Senior Lecturer in Nutrition

Ms Aileen O’ Connor, Research Nutritionist

Ms Aisling O’ Donnell, Research Nutritionist

Ms Aoibhín Moore Heslin, Research Nutritionist

Technological University Dublin Prof John Kearney, Professor in Nutrition and Epidemiology

Ms Stephanie Rahill, Research Nutritionist

The NCFS II was funded by the Irish Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine (DAFM)

under the 2015 Food Institutional Research Measure (FIRM) awards.

National Children’s Food Survey II (NCFS II) Methodology

Ethical approval

Ethical approval was obtained from the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the Cork

Teaching Hospitals and the Human Ethics Research Committee of University College Dublin

(Ref: ECM 4 (aa) 07/02/17).

Sampling

The NCFS II was a cross-sectional survey that was carried out between April 2017 and May

2018 by the nutrition units in University College Cork, University College Dublin, Cork

Institute of Technology and Dublin Technological University, which form part of the Irish

Universities Nutrition Alliance (IUNA). The NCFS II was designed to assess food and nutrient

intakes in a nationally representative sample of children aged 5 to 12 years in the Republic of

Ireland (n 600).

Selection of schools

A database of primary schools in Ireland (obtained from the Department of Education and

Skills www.education.ie) was used to select schools to provide a demographically balanced

sample with respect to urban/rural divide and socio-economic grouping. All schools in this

database (n 3124) were classified according to the size of the school; small (<200 pupils),

medium (200-499 pupils) and large (>500 pupils). Schools were further classified according to

gender served (all males, all females or mixed), location (urban or rural) and whether they were

disadvantaged or not disadvantaged. Schools were randomly selected to participate so that in

http://www.education.ie/

the final sample, the proportions of children attending each of the categories of schools

reflected that of the proportions according to the database.

Participant recruitment

An introductory letter and information about the survey was posted to the principal of each

selected school. This was followed up by a phone call from the survey coordinator. If the

principal agreed to his/her schools’ participation in the survey, a suitable date and time to visit

the school was arranged. Of the schools contacted, 80% agreed to take part in the study. The

school principal was provided with information packs (containing an introductory letter, an

information brochure and a reply slip). Students were randomly selected from the school roll

and given these information packs to bring home to their parents/guardians. If the

parents/guardians and the selected child were interested in finding out more about participating

in the survey, they were instructed to fill out their contact details on the reply slip and return it

to the school. Children who returned a reply slip were excluded if they were not between the

ages of 5 and 12 years, if they belonged to an age or gender or geographical location category

for which the appropriate number of children had already been recruited, or if another member

of their household had already been recruited for participation in the survey. A researcher

contacted the parents/guardians of all eligible children who returned a reply slip and if they

agreed to participate in the survey, a suitable time and date for a researcher to visit was

arranged. The researcher then visited the home to explain the survey in more detail and to

obtain consent from both parents/guardians and the child. All researchers were qualified

nutritionists. The overall response rate for the survey was 65%. Demographic analysis of the

sample has shown it to be representative of children in Ireland with respect to age, gender and

geographical location when compared to Census 2016 data (Central Statistics Office, 2017).

However, the final sample contained a higher proportion of children of professional workers

and a lower proportion of children of semi-skilled and unskilled workers than the national

population and data in this report have been weighted to account for these differences.

Food intake data collection

Food and beverage intake data were collected using a 4-day weighed food record. For all

participants, the study period included at least one weekend day. Participants were provided

with a food diary and a digital food scales and asked to record detailed information regarding

the amount, type and brand of all foods, beverages and nutritional supplements consumed, as

well as the amount of any leftovers. The cooking methods used, the packaging size and type,

and details of recipes were also recorded. Additionally, data were collected on the time of each

eating or drinking occasion, the participant’s definition of each eating or drinking occasion

(e.g. morning snack, lunch) and the location of preparation of the meal or snack (e.g. home,

school, childminder). Researchers made three visits to the participant’s home over the survey

period: an initial training visit to demonstrate how to complete the food diary and use the

weighing scales; a second visit 24-36 hours into the recording period to review the diary and

clarify details regarding specific food descriptors and quantities; and a final visit one or two

days after the recording period had ended to review the last days and collect the food diary.

Food quantification

A quantification protocol that had been established by the IUNA for the North/South Ireland

Food Consumption Survey (NSIFCS) (Harrington et al., 2001) was adapted for the NCFS II.

It is summarised as follows:

(1) Weighed (by participant/manufacturer’s weights) - A portable food scales (Tanita KD-

400, Japan) was provided to each participant. Researchers provided detailed

instructions (including a demonstration) on how to use the scales. This method was

used to quantify 76% of foods and drinks consumed. A further 11% of foods were

quantified using manufacturer’s weights. To facilitate collection of such data,

participants were provided with a storage bag and asked to retain packaging from food

and beverages consumed throughout the recording period.

(2) Food atlas - An age-appropriate photographic food atlas (Foster et al., 2010) was used

to quantify 7% of foods and beverages consumed.

(3) Food Portion Sizes – ‘The Irish Food Portion Sizes Database’ (Lyons and Giltinan,

2013) and ‘Food Portion Sizes’ (Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food, 1997)

were used to quantify 3% of foods and beverages consumed.

(4) Household Measures – Household measures (e.g. teaspoon, tablespoon, pint) were used

to quantify 1% of foods and beverages consumed.

(5) Estimated - Food quantities were defined as estimated when the researcher made an

estimate of the amount likely to have been consumed based on their knowledge of the

participant’s eating habits as observed during the recording period. This quantification

method was used for 2% of foods and beverages consumed.

Estimation of nutrient intakes

Nutritics© software was used to estimate nutrient intakes from food intakes using data from

McCance and Widdowson’s The Composition of Foods, seventh edition and sixth edition (for

a small number of foods) (Food Standards Agency, 2002; Food Standards Agency, 2015).

During the survey, modifications were made to include recipes of composite dishes, nutritional

supplements, fortified foods and generic Irish foods that were commonly consumed.

Anthropometric measurements

Anthropometric measurements were taken by the researcher in the participant’s home. Where

possible, height, weight, body composition, and waist and hip circumference were measured

for the child. Height, weight and body composition were also measured for the

parents/guardians where possible.

Height was measured to the nearest 0.1cm using the Leicester portable height measure (Seca,

Birmingham, UK) with the participant’s head positioned in the Frankfurt Plane. Measurements

were taken barefoot with the participant’s back to the backboard of the height measure ensuring

their feet, buttocks and occiput (back of skull) were touching the backboard.

Weight and body composition were measured (in duplicate) to the nearest 0.1kg using a Tanita

body composition analyser BC-420MA (Tanita Ltd, GB). Participants were weighed after

having voided, wearing light clothing and without shoes.

Waist and hip circumference were measured (in duplicate) to the nearest 0.1cm using a Seca

201 Measuring Tape (Seca, Birmingham, UK). Waist circumference was taken at the naked

site where possible with the waist defined as the mid-point between the bottom of the rib cage

(10th rib) and the supra-iliac crest (top of the hip). Hip measurements were taken over light

clothing around the greater trochanter.

Defining overweight and obesity

Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated as weight (kg) divided by height squared (m2). The

UK 90 Growth References and the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) age- and gender-

specific BMI cut-offs were used to define thinness, normal weight, overweight and

obesity.(Cole et al., 1995; Cole et al., 2000).

Urine Collection

Participants were asked to provide a once off first void morning urine sample (~30ml) during

the recording period. Participants were provided with a sterile collection container to collect

the urine sample on the second (or final) survey visit. They were also provided with an ice pack

and a thermal cooler bag and asked to keep the sample chilled. Once collected by the researcher,

the urine sample was stored appropriately on dry ice and transported to UCC or UCD for

storage at -80℃. Urine samples were collected from 95% (n 572) of participants for the analysis

of a number of markers of nutritional status.

Questionnaires

Participants in the NCFS II completed four questionnaires including:

Health & Lifestyle Questionnaire: This questionnaire collected information on participants’

general health and lifestyle characteristics including medicine usage, dental health, allergy

information, nutritional supplement usage (over the last 12 months) and parents/guardians

perceptions of their child’s diet and weight status. Information was also collected on

parents/guardians’ education levels and socio-demographics. The education level and socio-

demographic level of the participant was defined using that of the highest category from both

parents/guardians.

Physical Activity Questionnaire: Validated questionnaires were used to estimate levels of

physical activity for the child. The Child Physical Activity Questionnaire (C-PAQ) was used

for children aged 5-8 years and the Youth Physical Activity Questionnaire (Y-PAQ) was used

for children aged 9-12 years (Corder et al., 2009).

Food Choice & Eating Behaviour Questionnaire: Validated questionnaires including the Child

Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) and the Feeding Practices and Structure

Questionnaire (FSPQ) were used to evaluate the determinants of food choice and eating

behaviour, together with the non-responsive and structure-related feeding strategies that

parents utilise during mealtimes (Wardle et al., 2001; Jansen et al., 2016).

Evaluation Questionnaire: The researcher administered this questionnaire at the final visit.

This identified whether the child’s eating habits had been usual during the recording period.

A coding manual was developed for the questionnaires and all coded questionnaires were

entered (in duplicate) into the customised DaSurvey software package (Dazult Ltd, Co. Kildare,

Republic of Ireland). DaSurvey uses a rules based validation process permitting answers from

the coding manual only.

Quality control

A number of quality procedures were put in place to minimise error and ensure consistency

throughout the collection and manipulation of the data. Researchers received training that

included role-play workshops prior to commencing fieldwork, where they were trained to take

a natural and friendly approach to fieldwork and to avoid prompting foods. This was carried

out in an attempt to make participants feel at ease and so to ensure that the most reliable data

possible could be obtained. It was stressed to participants that they should not try to change or

‘improve’ their diet during the recording period. At the end of the recording period, participants

and their parents/guardians were asked whether the child’s food intake had been the same as

usual, less than usual or more than usual during the recording period and to explain why this

might have been. They were also asked if there were any items consumed during the four day

recording period which had not yet been written down. If so, details on such items were then

recorded by the researcher in the food diary.

Each researcher was primarily responsible for the collection, quantification, coding and data

entry of their own participants’ food diaries. Energy under reporters (19.5%) were identified

by evaluating reported energy intake (as a ratio of energy intake to basal metabolic rate (BMR)

(EI:BMR)) against presumed age-specific energy cut offs calculated on the basis of reported

levels of physical activity (Goldberg et al., 1991; Black, 2000). Energy under reporting was

taken into account during certain analyses (e.g. in estimating the prevalence of inadequate

micronutrient intakes). Researchers were also asked to rate each participants food diary as

‘accurate and complete’, ‘inaccurate and complete’, ‘accurate and incomplete’ and ‘inaccurate

and incomplete’ so that data quality could be considered during certain analyses.

Databases

The food intake database for NCFS II comprises 41778 rows of data that relate to each food

and beverage item consumed by each of the participants at every eating occasion throughout

the four recording days. For each item consumed, the database contains information on the

day of the week, meal number in the day, name of the eating occasion (e.g. breakfast, snack),

time and location of consumption, weight of the food or beverage consumed, brand

information, packaging type and size and a comprehensive nutrient breakdown for the quantity

of food consumed.

Statistical analysis

Data manipulation was conducted using SPSS© Version 26 for WindowsTM (SPSS Inc.

Chicago, IL, USA).

Food intakes are described using the mean, median, standard deviation and the 5th and 95th

percentiles for the total population and split by gender and age groups (5-8y and 9-12y).

Usual intakes of nutrients from all dietary sources (including nutritional supplements) and from

food sources only (excluding nutritional supplements) were estimated using the validated

National Cancer Institute (NCI-Method) (Tooze et al., 2006) using SAS Enterprise Guide©

(SAS Institute Inc. Cary, NC, USA). Variables were described using the mean, median,

standard deviation and the 5th and 95th percentiles for the total population and split by gender

and age groups (5-8y and 9-12y).

Anthropometric measurements are described using the mean, median, standard deviation and

the 5th and 95th percentiles for the total population and split by gender and age groups (5-8y

and 9-12y). Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated as weight (kg) divided by height squared

(m2). The ‘LMS growth’ Microsoft Excel Add-in was used to establish BMI z-scores based on

reference values for weight and height. SPSS© (SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL, USA) was used to

convert z-scores to percentiles. The UK 90 Growth References and the International Obesity

Task Force (IOTF) age- and gender-specific BMI cut-offs were used to define thinness, normal

weight, overweight and obesity (Cole et al., 1995; Cole et al., 2000). BMI is also described

using the mean and standard deviation for the total population and split by gender and age

groups (5-8y and 9-12y), and according to demographic factors such as location, education

level and social class.

Physical activity levels are described in median minutes spent participating in physical

activities, sedentary activities and screen time for the total population and split by gender and

age groups (5-8y and 9-12y), and split by weekday and weekend day.

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Chapter 2 Sampling Data

Total 5-12y 5-8y 9-12y

Boys 300 (50) 149 (25) 151 (25)

Girls 300 (50) 151 (25) 149 (25)

n 600 300 300

Table 2.1 Number of participants in the survey by gender and age group (n & (%))

Total 5-12y 5-8y 9-12y

Total population

Winter (September - February) 338 (56) 174 (58) 164 (55)

Summer (March - August) 262 (44) 126 (42) 136 (45)

n 600 300 300

Boys



n 300 149 151

Girls



n 300 151 149

Table 2.2 Number of participants in the survey by season for the total population and by gender and age

group (n & (%))

Total 5-12y 5-8y 9-12y

Total population

Open country/village 239 (39) 122 (41) 117 (39)

Small town 77 (13) 37 (12) 40 (13)

Large town 174 (29) 85 (28) 89 (30)

City 110 (18) 56 (19) 54 (18)

n 600 300 300

Boys


Small town 40 (13) 19 (13) 21 (14)

Large town 99 (33) 46 (31) 53 (35)

City 40 (13) 23 (15) 17 (11)

n 300 149 151

Girls


Small town 37 (12) 18 (12) 19 (13)

Large town 75 (25) 39 (26) 36 (24)

City 70 (23) 33 (22) 37 (25)

n 300 151 149

Table 2.3 Geographical location of participants for the total population and by gender and

age group (n & (%))

Total 5-12y 5-8y 9-12y

Total population

Social Class

Professional workers 397 (66) 211 (71) 186 (62)

Non-manual workers 102 (17) 48 (16) 54 (18)

Skilled manual workers 54 (9) 20 (7) 34 (11)

Semi-skilled/unskilled workers 43 (7) 18 (6) 25 (8)

Socio-economic group

Employers and managers 138 (23) 63 (21) 75 (25)

Higher professional 145 (24) 83 (28) 62 (21)

Lower professional 117 (20) 64 (21) 53 (18)Non-manual 115 (19) 54 (18) 61 (20)

Manual skilled 24 (4) 8 (3) 16 (5)

Semi-skilled 26 (4) 14 (5) 12 (4)

Unskilled 5 (<1) 2 (1) 3 (1)

Own account workers 7 (1) 1 (<1) 6 (2)

Farmers 12 (2) 6 (2) 6 (2)

Agricultural workers 2 (<1) 1 (<1) 1 (<1)

Students 5 (<1) 1 (<1) 4 (1)

n 596 297 299

Boys

Social Class









Manual skilled 14 (5) 5 (3) 9 (6)

Semi-skilled 18 (6) 10 (7) 8 (5)

Unskilled 3 (1) 1 (1) 2 (1)

Own account workers 4 (1) 1 (1) 3 (2)

Farmers 7 (2) 4 (3) 3 (2)

Agricultural workers 2 (<1) 1 (1) 1 (1)

Students 4 (1) 1 (1) 3 (2)

n 298 147 151

Girls

Social Class









Manual skilled 10 (3) 3 (2) 7 (5)

Semi-skilled 8 (3) 4 (3) 4 (3)

Unskilled 2 (<1) 1 (1) 1 (1)

Own account workers 3 (1) 0 (0) 3 (2)

Farmers 5 (2) 2 (1) 3 (2)

Agricultural workers 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0)

Students 1 (<1) 0 (0) 1 (1)

n 298 150 148

*Excludes 4 whose occupation was unknown or insufficiently described

Note: SC & SEG level relates to that of the parents/guardians of participants

Table 2.4 Social class and socio-economic group of participants for the total population and by gender


Total 5-12y 5-8y 9-12y

Total population

Primary and intermediate 37 (6) 16 (5) 21 (7)

Secondary 44 (7) 18 (6) 26 (9)

Tertiary 516 (86) 266 (89) 250 (84)

n 597 300 297

Boys


Secondary 26 (9) 11 (7) 15 (10)

Tertiary 250 (84) 128 (86) 122 (82)

n 298 149 149

Girls


Secondary 18 (6) 7 (5) 11 (7)

Tertiary 266 (89) 138 (91) 128 (87)

n 299 151 148

*Excludes 3 missing values

Note: Education level relates to that of the parents/guardians of participants

Table 2.5 Education level of participants' parents for the total population and by gender and

age group (n & (%))

Chapter 3 Food Consumption

Food groups

Mean SD Median 5th 95th

Total bread 85 45 78 22 179

of which

White bread 53 42 48 0 128

Wholemeal & brown bread 25 36 9 0 97

Other breads (e.g. garlic/fruit bread, scones) 7 17 0 0 42

Breakfast cereals 53 53 38 0 170

of which

Ready-to-eat breakfast cereals 28 23 25 0 73

High-fibre cereals (≥6g/100g) 16 20 9 0 60

Low-fibre cereals (˂6g/100g) 13 17 5 0 48

Porridge & hot oats cereals (made up) 25 51 0 0 148

Pasta, rice & savouries 72 61 57 0 197

of which

Pasta 25 35 11 0 93

Rice 12 23 0 0 57

Other cereals (e.g. noodles, couscous) 7 23 0 0 44

Pizza 19 33 0 0 88

Other savouries (e.g. fried rice) 9 23 0 0 53

Potatoes & potato products 61 49 51 0 152

of which

Boiled, baked & mashed potatoes 32 36 23 0 107

Chipped, fried & roasted potatoes 23 29 16 0 79

Processed & homemade potato products 6 20 0 0 38

Total milk 186 156 155 0 479

of which

Whole milk 131 154 91 0 430

Reduced fat milk 52 110 0 0 298

Non-dairy alternatives 3 19 0 0 0

Sweetened milk drinks 16 43 0 0 89

Yoghurts & fromage frais 34 43 21 0 120

Cheeses 11 13 6 0 38

Ice creams 8 15 0 0 41

Creams <1 3 0 0 3

Dairy desserts (e.g. rice pudding, custard) 5 20 0 0 33

Spreading fats 7 7 5 0 19

Total meat 116 69 105 26 252

of which

Meat dishes 47 58 30 0 158

Processed meat 41 36 34 0 105

Fresh meat 28 31 20 0 85

Poultry 18 26 11 0 68

Beef 7 14 0 0 38

Pork 2 9 0 0 20

Lamb 1 5 0 0 0

Total fish 13 29 0 0 56

of which

White fish, coated 4 11 0 0 29

Oily fish 4 21 0 0 24

White fish, uncoated 1 6 0 0 9

Other fish 1 6 0 0 9

Fish dishes 3 14 0 0 15

Percentiles

Total population 5-12y (n 600)

Table 3.1 Mean, SD, median and percentile values of food group intakes (g/d) in the total population (5-12y)

Food groups


Eggs & egg dishes 10 17 0 0 47

Nuts & seeds <1 4 0 0 5

Total fruit & vegetables 221 129 201 53 444

Fruit & fruit juices 147 115 125 10 349

Discrete fruit 90 70 78 0 229

of which

Apples 27 30 20 0 82

Bananas 20 29 0 0 79

Citrus fruits 11 23 0 0 59

Other fruits 32 43 16 0 112

Fruit in composite dishes 9 14 5 0 31

Fruit juice (100% fruit) 38 75 0 0 161

Smoothies 11 36 0 0 90

Total vegetables 74 49 67 12 165

Discrete vegetables 40 38 30 0 111

of which

Peas, beans & lentils 11 21 0 0 55

Baked beans 7 19 0 0 43

Carrots 9 14 2 0 39

Green vegetables 6 11 0 0 26

Other vegetables 14 20 5 0 53

Vegetables in composite dishes 34 32 25 0 96

Total confectionery/snacks 76 48 67 17 162

of which

Biscuits & crackers 16 17 11 0 47

Cakes, pastries & buns 15 21 8 0 56

Desserts 13 28 0 0 65

Chocolate confectionery 9 11 5 0 30

Savoury snacks 9 12 6 0 32

Sugar confectionery 7 16 0 0 32

Sugars, sweeteners, preserves & spreads 5 7 3 0 18

Cereal bars 2 6 0 0 15

Water as a beverage 450 315 405 22 1037

of which

Flavoured water 11 55 0 0 63

Soft drinks* 160 221 83 0 595

of which

Soft drinks, added sugar 50 93 0 0 217

Soft drinks, no added sugar 110 201 0 0 483

Milk as a beverage 91 127 47 0 357

Fruit juice (100% fruit) 38 75 0 0 161

Teas 28 78 0 0 203

Sweetened milk drinks 16 43 0 0 89

Smoothies 11 36 0 0 90

Coffees 1 11 0 0 0

*carbonated beverages, fruit juice drinks, squashes & cordials

Table 3.1 continued Mean, SD, median and percentile values of food group intakes (g/d) in the total population (5-

12y)


Percentiles

Food groups

% Mean SD Median 5th 95th

Total bread 99 86 45 78 25 179

of which

White bread 89 60 40 54 13 132

Wholemeal & brown bread 54 47 37 38 8 114

Other breads (e.g. garlic/fruit bread, scones) 27 26 22 20 6 68

Breakfast cereals 91 58 52 42 8 173

of which

Ready-to-eat breakfast cereals 85 33 22 28 6 75

High-fibre cereals (≥6g/100g) 59 26 20 20 6 69

Low-fibre cereals (˂6g/100g) 54 23 17 20 5 63

Porridge & hot oats cereals (made up) 28 90 59 72 25 217

Pasta, rice & savouries 89 81 59 64 15 198

of which

Pasta 53 47 36 38 10 114

Rice 32 36 28 29 11 92

Other cereals (e.g. noodles, couscous) 16 43 44 29 1 131

Pizza 37 51 36 39 12 128

Other savouries (e.g. fried rice) 26 36 33 28 6 102

Potatoes & potato products 92 66 47 56 13 153

of which

Boiled, baked & mashed potatoes 65 49 34 40 11 120

Chipped, fried & roasted potatoes 65 36 29 28 7 97

Processed & homemade potato products 18 33 35 24 8 93

Total milk 91 204 151 171 23 504

of which

Whole milk 68 193 151 163 19 476

Reduced fat milk 31 168 140 121 16 491

Non-dairy alternatives 3 89 69 63 10 -

Sweetened milk drinks 19 83 64 65 26 213

Yoghurts & fromage frais 59 57 43 45 11 140

Cheeses 63 17 13 14 3 43

Ice creams 36 23 16 18 7 62

Creams 6 8 8 6 2 30

Dairy desserts (e.g. rice pudding, custard) 9 53 48 38 12 201

Spreading fats 87 8 6 6 1 20

Total meat 98 118 68 106 32 254

of which

Meat dishes 64 74 58 58 14 177

Processed meat 91 45 35 38 7 106

Fresh meat 73 38 30 30 8 95

Poultry 56 32 28 24 8 89

Beef 29 24 17 19 5 62

Pork 10 24 17 19 8 63

Lamb 4 20 13 19 6 52

Total fish 41 32 38 25 7 85

of which

White fish, coated 19 24 13 21 7 51

Oily fish 14 26 53 18 4 42

White fish, uncoated 5 23 14 17 8 59

Other fish 7 19 14 15 4 52

Fish dishes 7 39 39 29 3 155

Percentiles

Table 3.2 Mean, SD, median and percentile values of food group intakes (g/d) in consumers only (5-12 y)

Total population 5-12y (consumers only)

Food groups

% Mean SD Median 5th 95th

Eggs & egg dishes 35 28 19 22 8 74

Nuts & seeds 8 9 10 7 1 21

Total fruit & vegetables 100 221 129 201 53 444

Fruit & fruit juices 97 151 114 128 22 351

Discrete fruit 92 98 68 85 18 235

of which

Apples 63 43 28 35 12 100

Bananas 47 43 29 36 13 105

Citrus fruits 32 35 29 24 9 86

Other fruits 64 50 44 35 6 133

Fruit in composite dishes 84 11 14 6 1 35

Fruit juice (100% fruit) 40 94 94 75 17 238

Smoothies 12 94 55 84 25 209

Total vegetables 99 75 49 68 13 165

Discrete vegetables 85 47 37 39 5 114

of which

Peas, beans & lentils 45 24 26 17 3 72

Baked beans 20 33 29 25 7 83

Carrots 52 18 15 13 3 47

Green vegetables 38 16 12 13 3 40

Other vegetables 59 24 21 17 2 68

Vegetables in composite dishes 95 36 32 27 3 96

Total confectionery/snacks 99 77 48 68 18 162

of which

Biscuits & crackers 80 20 17 15 4 51

Cakes, pastries & buns 57 27 22 20 5 77

Desserts 35 38 35 29 6 100

Chocolate confectionery 59 15 11 11 3 37

Savoury snacks 63 15 12 12 3 37

Sugar confectionery 40 17 21 10 2 59

Sugars, sweeteners, preserves & spreads 66 8 7 6 1 23

Cereal bars 18 12 8 11 4 32

Water as a beverage 95 471 307 420 84 1038

of which

Flavoured water 7 162 140 118 16 442

Soft drinks* 67 238 233 161 38 766

of which

Soft drinks, added sugar 40 124 111 89 27 373

Soft drinks, no added sugar 47 235 240 150 38 844

Milk as a beverage 58 158 131 114 30 410

Fruit juice (100% fruit) 41 94 94 75 17 238

Teas 19 149 122 110 23 437

Sweetened milk drinks 19 83 64 65 26 213

Smoothies 12 94 55 84 25 209

Coffees 1 77 55 49 13 -


Table 3.2 continued Mean, SD, median and percentile values of food group intakes (g/d) in consumers only (5-12 y)

Total population 5-12y (consumers only)

Percentiles

Food groups

Mean SD Median 5th 95th Mean SD Median 5th 95th

Total bread 79 39 75 22 157 91 50 84 22 204

of which

White bread 45 35 40 0 114 61 46 55 0 154

Wholemeal & brown bread 26 33 13 0 96 25 38 0 0 105

Other breads (e.g. garlic/fruit bread, scones) 9 17 0 0 48 6 16 0 0 32

Breakfast cereals 55 55 39 0 172 52 50 37 0 162

of which

Ready-to-eat breakfast cereals 25 20 21 0 63 31 25 28 0 79

High-fibre cereals (≥6g/100g) 14 18 8 0 56 17 22 10 0 63

Low-fibre cereals (˂6g/100g) 11 15 5 0 42 14 19 6 0 53

Porridge & hot oats cereals (made up) 30 55 0 0 160 21 47 0 0 143

Pasta, rice & savouries 61 57 50 0 181 82 64 68 0 199

of which

Pasta 23 35 7 0 91 27 35 16 0 103

Rice 11 23 0 0 49 12 24 0 0 62

Other cereals (e.g. noodles, couscous) 5 22 0 0 36 8 24 0 0 54

Pizza 15 27 0 0 70 23 37 0 0 101

Other savouries (e.g. fried rice) 7 20 0 0 49 11 26 0 0 65

Potatoes & potato products 56 44 48 0 134 65 53 56 0 157

of which

Boiled, baked & mashed potatoes 30 34 21 0 97 33 38 25 0 117

Chipped, fried & roasted potatoes 19 24 13 0 70 27 32 20 0 97

Processed & homemade potato products 7 22 0 0 30 6 17 0 0 41

Total milk 179 154 145 0 465 192 156 163 0 498

of which

Whole milk 134 161 95 0 435 129 147 80 0 413

Reduced fat milk 42 89 0 0 255 60 125 0 0 337

Non-dairy alternatives 3 16 0 0 0 2 21 0 0 0

Sweetened milk drinks 15 39 0 0 95 16 46 0 0 89

Yoghurts & fromage frais 39 43 25 0 125 29 43 11 0 113

Cheeses 11 13 7 0 39 10 14 5 0 36

Ice creams 8 14 0 0 38 8 16 0 0 43

Creams 0 1 0 0 0 1 3 0 0 4

Dairy desserts (e.g. rice pudding, custard) 5 20 0 0 33 4 20 0 0 35

Spreading fats 6 5 6 0 18 7 7 5 0 22

Total meat 101 61 95 24 210 130 72 117 35 270

of which

Meat dishes 43 54 32 0 133 51 62 28 0 168

Processed meat 37 30 30 0 93 45 40 39 0 116

Fresh meat 21 23 16 0 67 34 36 25 0 97

Poultry 13 18 4 0 46 22 31 15 0 83

Beef 6 13 0 0 35 8 15 0 0 41

Pork 2 8 0 0 13 3 10 0 0 24

Lamb 1 4 0 0 0 1 6 0 0 0

Total fish 13 21 0 0 52 14 35 0 0 60

of which

White fish, coated 5 11 0 0 30 4 10 0 0 31

Oily fish 3 9 0 0 24 4 29 0 0 25

White fish, uncoated 1 6 0 0 9 1 6 0 0 8

Other fish 1 4 0 0 8 2 7 0 0 11

Fish dishes 2 13 0 0 11 3 15 0 0 20

Table 3.3 Mean, SD, median and percentile values of food group intakes (g/d) by age group, in the total population

Total Population 5-8y (n 300)

Percentiles


Percentiles

Food groups


Eggs & egg dishes 10 17 0 0 45 10 18 0 0 49

Nuts & seeds 0 2 0 0 2 1 5 0 0 8

Total fruit & vegetables 221 127 198 59 435 229 125 210 57 444

Fruit & fruit juices 152 114 129 27 340 149 113 124 8 353

Discrete fruit 97 74 81 5 256 87 68 78 0 221

of which

Apples 31 32 23 0 100 25 30 18 0 83

Bananas 21 30 5 0 84 20 29 0 0 80

Citrus fruits 10 17 0 0 44 12 27 0 0 62

Other fruits 35 42 24 0 103 30 44 11 0 124

Fruit in composite dishes 10 14 5 0 37 8 11 5 0 29

Fruit juice (100% fruit) 34 80 0 0 149 41 66 0 0 180

Smoothies 11 32 0 0 90 13 42 0 0 109

Total vegetables 70 45 65 12 158 80 52 74 12 173

Discrete vegetables 39 32 33 0 97 43 42 31 0 121

of which

Peas, beans & lentils 10 16 1 0 42 12 24 0 0 60

Baked beans 6 13 0 0 37 8 22 0 0 50

Carrots 10 13 5 0 35 9 15 0 0 42

Green vegetables 7 12 0 0 30 5 9 0 0 24

Other vegetables 12 17 5 0 45 16 23 6 0 65

Vegetables in composite dishes 31 30 23 0 94 37 31 28 0 96

Total confectionery/snacks 73 46 62 16 160 80 50 71 18 164

of which

Biscuits & crackers 14 16 10 0 41 17 18 12 0 53

Cakes, pastries & buns 15 20 9 0 51 15 22 5 0 59

Desserts 14 26 0 0 75 12 29 0 0 54

Chocolate confectionery 7 9 4 0 23 11 13 5 0 36

Savoury snacks 8 11 5 0 31 10 13 8 0 32

Sugar confectionery 8 16 0 0 32 6 15 0 0 36

Sugars, sweeteners, preserves & spreads 5 6 3 0 16 6 7 3 0 23

Cereal bars 2 5 0 0 13 3 7 0 0 16

Water as a beverage 372 282 312 29 894 521 328 475 3 1106

of which

Flavoured water 9 50 0 0 20 13 59 0 0 106

Soft drinks* 159 224 75 0 632 160 218 90 0 604

of which

Soft drinks, added sugar 31 62 0 0 163 67 112 0 0 298

Soft drinks, no added sugar 128 217 38 0 627 93 184 0 0 479

Milk as a beverage 97 134 51 0 367 86 119 42 0 337

Fruit juice (100% fruit) 34 80 0 0 149 41 66 0 0 180

Teas 16 55 0 0 115 39 93 0 0 269

Sweetened milk drinks 15 39 0 0 95 16 46 0 0 89

Smoothies 11 32 0 0 90 12 39 0 0 96

Coffees 0 3 0 0 0 2 14 0 0 0


Table 3.3 continued Mean, SD, median and percentile values of food group intakes (g/d) by age group, in the total

population

Total Population 5-8y (n 300) Total Population 9-12y (n 300)

Percentiles Percentiles

Food groups

% Mean SD Median 5th 95th % Mean SD Median 5th 95th

Total bread 99 80 39 76 23 157 100 92 50 84 27 204

of which

White bread 87 52 33 44 12 116 90 67 44 60 13 158

Wholemeal & brown bread 60 43 33 32 8 100 49 51 41 40 7 126

Other breads (e.g. garlic/fruit bread, scones) 31 28 21 22 7 64 24 25 24 18 5 74

Breakfast cereals 92 59 55 42 7 179 90 58 50 42 9 171

of which

Ready-to-eat breakfast cereals 86 29 19 25 6 68 85 36 23 32 7 84

High-fibre cereals (≥6g/100g) 58 24 18 20 5 67 61 28 21 21 7 71

Low-fibre cereals (˂6g/100g) 54 20 16 16 5 53 54 26 18 22 5 65

Porridge & hot oats cereals (made up) 34 89 61 62 23 225 23 92 55 76 26 218

Pasta, rice & savouries 88 70 56 56 11 191 90 90 61 77 18 203

of which

Pasta 52 44 38 33 8 103 54 50 34 43 14 120

Rice 33 33 29 27 10 91 31 39 28 30 12 97

Other cereals (e.g. noodles, couscous) 13 42 49 28 1 197 19 44 40 30 2 124

Pizza 36 41 31 31 11 121 39 59 38 52 13 129

Other savouries (e.g. fried rice) 24 31 31 21 5 97 28 41 34 32 7 124

Potatoes & potato products 94 60 43 50 13 136 90 73 50 61 13 165

of which

Boiled, baked & mashed potatoes 69 44 32 36 10 107 61 54 35 48 11 130

Chipped, fried & roasted potatoes 65 30 25 21 6 76 64 42 32 33 9 109

Processed & homemade potato products 22 31 40 21 8 99 15 36 27 30 9 116

Total milk 91 197 151 163 29 483 91 211 151 181 18 505

of which

Whole milk 68 197 160 154 21 530 68 190 143 167 17 450

Reduced fat milk 30 142 111 108 23 341 32 190 158 137 11 578

Non-dairy alternatives 4 69 43 57 25 - 2 134 99 132 10 -

Sweetened milk drinks 20 78 53 63 25 213 18 89 73 72 33 280

Yoghurts & fromage frais 67 59 40 46 11 139 53 56 46 42 11 144

Cheeses 66 17 12 14 3 42 59 17 14 13 3 44

Ice creams 37 23 14 18 7 55 35 24 18 18 7 76

Creams 4 5 2 5 1 - 7 9 10 7 2 44

Dairy desserts (e.g. rice pudding, custard) 9 51 46 33 11 201 8 56 50 38 21 234

Spreading fats 91 7 5 6 1 19 83 9 7 6 1 23

Total meat 98 103 60 95 26 211 99 132 71 118 37 271

of which

Meat dishes 65 66 54 52 14 161 63 81 61 68 15 197

Processed meat 92 40 29 33 6 93 90 50 39 41 7 127

Fresh meat 68 31 22 26 6 72 78 44 35 33 11 103

Poultry 51 25 17 21 5 64 60 37 32 27 10 99

Beef 27 22 16 20 4 53 31 25 18 19 6 67

Pork 9 20 17 14 6 74 12 26 16 21 9 64

Lamb 5 16 7 16 4 - 4 23 16 19 6 -

Total fish 44 29 23 23 7 84 37 37 50 26 7 89

of which

White fish, coated 23 23 13 19 7 51 15 26 12 25 9 51

Oily fish 16 19 12 17 3 43 12 34 78 18 4 87

White fish, uncoated 5 24 15 19 9 - 5 22 13 17 8 -

Other fish 6 14 7 13 5 - 8 22 16 18 3 55

Fish dishes 6 38 38 29 4 - 8 41 40 35 2 167

Total Population 5-8y (consumers only) Total Population 9-12y (consumers only)

Table 3.4 Mean, SD, median and percentile values of food group intakes (g/d) by age group, in consumers only


Food groups

% Mean SD Median 5th 95th % Mean SD Median 5th 95th

Eggs & egg dishes 35 27 18 20 8 71 34 29 21 23 8 79

Nuts & seeds 5 7 5 7 2 - 10 10 12 8 1 37

Total fruit & vegetables 98 219 133 196 53 444 100 224 124 205 55 444

Fruit & fruit juices 98 153 118 129 29 350 97 150 110 125 16 352

Discrete fruit 96 101 72 84 17 257 90 95 64 86 18 221

of which

Apples 68 44 29 33 10 106 58 42 26 35 12 93

Bananas 48 42 30 31 10 117 46 44 28 39 14 103

Citrus fruits 33 28 18 22 8 66 30 41 37 28 10 145

Other fruits 72 49 44 35 6 129 57 51 45 35 5 153

Fruit in composite dishes 79 12 16 7 1 48 76 9 12 6 1 29

Fruit juice (100% fruit) 38 94 117 74 15 206 43 94 72 75 22 243

Smoothies 12 86 44 89 29 179 12 101 64 80 21 232

Total vegetables 99 70 45 64 14 158 98 80 52 74 12 173

Discrete vegetables 89 43 31 37 5 98 80 52 41 41 7 126

of which

Peas, beans & lentils 50 20 17 15 1 59 41 20 17 15 1 59

Baked beans 22 24 15 20 6 51 18 43 38 32 10 103

Carrots 57 17 14 12 3 45 47 19 17 14 3 49

Green vegetables 41 17 13 13 3 50 36 14 10 12 3 32

Other vegetables 59 21 19 15 1 62 59 26 23 19 2 79

Vegetables in composite dishes 95 33 31 24 3 97 96 38 32 30 3 97

Total confectionery/snacks 100 73 45 63 16 160 99 80 49 71 20 164

of which

Biscuits & crackers 84 17 16 13 3 44 77 22 17 18 4 57

Cakes, pastries & buns 62 25 20 18 5 75 52 29 23 25 5 85

Desserts 37 39 29 30 6 101 33 37 41 27 5 103

Chocolate confectionery 58 11 8 10 3 26 60 18 13 14 4 45

Savoury snacks 61 13 11 9 3 37 64 16 12 13 4 38

Sugar confectionery 45 17 21 11 1 62 36 17 22 9 2 59

Sugars, sweeteners, preserves & spreads 67 7 6 5 1 18 65 9 8 7 1 27

Cereal bars 16 11 6 10 5 23 19 13 10 11 4 38

Water as a beverage 96 388 276 326 62 907 95 548 314 503 116 1128

of which

Flavoured water 6 157 153 88 5 - 8 165 135 125 23 488

Soft drinks* 67 239 237 176 34 815 68 237 229 158 41 740

of which

Soft drinks, added sugar 31 101 74 75 24 249 48 139 126 100 30 399

Soft drinks, no added sugar 53 241 247 181 38 819 41 227 229 135 38 826

Milk as a beverage 61 158 141 113 26 412 55 157 121 116 31 402

Fruit juice (100% fruit) 38 94 117 74 15 206 43 94 72 75 22 243

Teas 14 113 104 78 9 390 23 169 127 142 29 445

Sweetened milk drinks 20 78 53 63 25 213 18 89 73 72 33 280

Smoothies 12 86 44 89 29 179 12 101 64 80 21 232

Coffees 0 - - - - - 2 82 59 75 13 -



Table 3.4 continued Mean, SD, median and percentile values of food group intakes (g/d) by age group, in consumers only

Total Population 5-8y (consumers only) Total Population 9-12y (consumers only)

Food groups

Mean SD Median 5th 95th Mean SD Median 5th 95th Mean SD Median 5th 95th

Total bread 93 50 86 26 202 86 43 81 25 180 99 55 92 27 220

of which

White bread 59 47 54 0 156 49 38 45 0 119 68 52 60 0 163

Wholemeal & brown bread 27 39 8 0 106 28 36 18 0 99 25 42 0 0 116

Other breads (e.g. garlic/fruit bread, scones) 7 15 0 0 45 9 17 0 0 49 5 13 0 0 31

Breakfast cereals 58 58 41 0 184 56 59 39 0 178 59 56 44 0 194

of which

Ready-to-eat breakfast cereals 30 25 27 0 75 26 20 24 0 63 34 27 30 0 88

High-fibre cereals (≥6g/100g) 16 21 10 0 60 14 17 8 0 49 18 23 11 0 67

Low-fibre cereals (˂6g/100g) 14 19 5 0 54 12 17 4 0 49 16 20 8 0 60

Porridge & hot oats cereals (made up) 28 57 0 0 163 30 59 0 0 163 25 56 0 0 165

Pasta, rice & savouries 70 61 56 0 196 62 60 50 0 203 77 60 66 0 188

of which

Pasta 26 40 0 0 105 23 40 0 0 96 29 40 0 0 115

Rice 10 19 0 0 49 10 19 0 0 46 9 18 0 0 50

Other cereals (e.g. noodles, couscous) 6 25 0 0 39 6 27 0 0 43 7 23 0 0 39

Pizza 21 35 0 0 97 18 32 0 0 80 23 37 0 0 101

Other savouries (e.g. fried rice) 7 18 0 0 50 5 14 0 0 39 9 21 0 0 63

Potatoes & potato products 66 53 56 0 157 56 44 50 0 135 75 58 64 0 170

of which

Boiled, baked & mashed potatoes 34 39 24 0 118 29 34 20 0 89 39 42 30 0 130

Chipped, fried & roasted potatoes 26 31 17 0 90 21 24 15 0 71 30 35 24 0 102

Processed & homemade potato products 6 23 0 0 38 6 27 0 0 29 7 18 0 0 44

Total milk 207 160 175 0 513 195 164 160 0 502 217 157 197 0 548

of which

Whole milk 148 160 107 0 432 143 170 102 0 443 152 152 116 0 410

Reduced fat milk 57 117 0 0 317 49 97 0 0 247 64 132 0 0 372

Non-dairy alternatives 2 12 0 0 0 3 15 0 0 4 1 10 0 0 0

Sweetened milk drinks 20 51 0 0 119 21 47 0 0 127 19 53 0 0 115

Yoghurts & fromage frais 36 49 23 0 136 41 47 25 0 143 32 50 3 0 128

Cheeses 11 14 5 0 41 12 15 5 0 45 10 14 5 0 37

Ice creams 7 14 0 0 38 7 13 0 0 38 8 15 0 0 43

Creams 0 3 0 0 4 0 1 0 0 5 1 4 0 0 4

Dairy desserts (e.g. rice pudding, custard) 4 21 0 0 31 4 15 0 0 46 4 24 0 0 31

Spreading fats 7 7 5 0 22 7 6 6 0 19 7 7 5 0 23

Total meat 127 74 114 32 265 104 65 96 25 231 147 76 132 44 289

of which

Meat dishes 50 66 30 0 164 41 59 26 0 127 59 70 32 0 201

Processed meat 45 37 40 0 115 41 33 34 0 114 48 40 43 0 121

Fresh meat 32 35 24 0 96 22 23 17 0 71 40 42 30 0 123

Poultry 20 31 12 0 80 13 19 0 0 59 26 37 17 0 97

Beef 8 16 0 0 45 7 14 0 0 39 9 17 0 0 48

Pork 3 9 0 0 24 2 7 0 0 20 3 10 0 0 26

Lamb 1 5 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 7 0 0 0

Total fish 14 34 0 0 64 13 20 0 0 66 16 43 0 0 74

of which

White fish, coated 5 11 0 0 32 5 11 0 0 30 5 11 0 0 35

Oily fish 4 29 0 0 25 3 9 0 0 26 5 39 0 0 25

White fish, uncoated 1 6 0 0 10 1 7 0 0 13 1 6 0 0 11

Other fish 2 7 0 0 11 1 4 0 0 9 2 9 0 0 24

Fish dishes 3 11 0 0 19 3 11 0 0 28 3 12 0 0 19

Boys 5-8y (n 149)

Percentiles

Boys 9-12y (n 151)

Percentiles

Table 3.5 Mean, SD, median and percentile values of food group intakes (g/d) for all boys (5-12 y) and by age group, in the total

population

Boys 5-12y (n 300)

Percentiles

Food groups


Eggs & egg dishes 10 20 0 0 60 8 17 0 0 50 12 21 0 0 71

Nuts & seeds 1 4 0 0 3 0 2 0 0 1 1 6 0 0 8

Total fruit & vegetables 232 135 206 57 490 237 144 209 57 514 226 127 205 54 477

Fruit & fruit juices 154 118 125 16 387 165 128 137 28 394 142 107 118 10 376

Discrete fruit 94 74 80 0 251 104 78 89 4 271 85 69 77 0 224

of which

Apples 30 33 22 0 92 33 34 26 0 101 27 32 19 0 88

Bananas 25 33 11 0 96 25 35 8 0 107 24 30 14 0 88

Citrus fruits 10 22 0 0 59 10 18 0 0 58 11 26 0 0 60

Other fruits 30 41 14 0 108 35 39 26 0 103 24 42 0 0 110

Fruit in composite dishes 9 12 5 0 34 11 14 6 0 37 8 10 5 0 32

Fruit juice (100% fruit) 39 81 0 0 168 38 97 0 0 171 39 61 0 0 171

Smoothies 11 36 0 0 90 13 35 0 0 93 10 37 0 0 108

Total vegetables 78 50 72 12 180 72 47 65 14 161 84 53 78 7 191

Discrete vegetables 43 39 33 0 119 40 34 33 0 107 45 44 34 0 122

of which

Peas, beans & lentils 12 20 0 0 55 10 17 0 0 45 14 22 0 0 61

Baked beans 7 18 0 0 45 6 14 0 0 40 9 21 0 0 54

Carrots 9 15 0 0 43 9 14 2 0 37 10 16 0 0 46

Green vegetables 6 12 0 0 31 8 14 0 0 40 5 9 0 0 24

Other vegetables 15 22 4 0 64 13 19 4 0 54 17 24 5 0 77

Vegetables in composite dishes 35 32 27 0 102 32 31 22 0 102 39 32 30 0 103

Total confectionery/snacks 79 53 70 17 184 73 50 65 16 184 84 55 75 18 194

of which

Biscuits & crackers 17 19 11 0 53 15 19 10 0 45 18 19 11 0 57

Cakes, pastries & buns 15 22 5 0 58 14 18 8 0 47 15 25 0 0 71

Desserts 14 32 0 0 75 14 28 0 0 76 14 35 0 0 55

Chocolate confectionery 9 11 5 0 32 6 9 4 0 24 11 13 6 0 37

Savoury snacks 10 13 6 0 37 9 11 6 0 35 12 15 9 0 39

Sugar confectionery 6 14 0 0 31 7 16 0 0 35 5 12 0 0 29

Sugars, sweeteners, preserves & spreads 6 7 4 0 24 5 6 4 0 18 7 9 3 0 28

Cereal bars 2 5 0 0 12 2 4 0 0 12 2 6 0 0 13

Water as a beverage 480 343 437 0 1100 406 322 329 0 987 545 349 518 0 1185

of which

Flavoured water 12 62 0 0 88 9 56 0 0 4 15 66 0 0 119

Soft drinks* 191 252 108 0 746 191 261 91 0 813 191 244 123 0 708

of which 32 65 0 0 172

Soft drinks, added sugar 54 90 0 0 238 159 257 50 0 813 74 103 38 0 324

Soft drinks, no added sugar 137 238 13 0 695 106 147 54 0 394 117 219 0 0 539

Milk as a beverage 103 136 54 0 359 106 147 54 0 394 101 125 54 0 342


Teas 30 82 0 0 221 19 69 0 0 197 39 91 0 0 240


Smoothies 11 36 0 0 94 12 34 0 0 94 11 38 0 0 134

Coffees 1 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 14 0 0 0


Boys 5-12y (n 300) Boys 5-8y (n 149) Boys 9-12y (n 151)

Percentiles Percentiles Percentiles

Table 3.5 continued Mean, SD, median and percentile values of food group intakes (g/d) for all boys (5-12 y) and by age group, in

the total population


Total bread 78 39 73 20 149 73 34 73 21 137 83 42 74 20 166

of which

White bread 47 35 41 0 113 41 31 36 0 105 52 37 49 0 120

Wholemeal & brown bread 23 31 9 0 89 23 30 11 0 88 24 33 7 0 92

Other breads (e.g. garlic/fruit bread, scones) 8 18 0 0 39 9 17 0 0 44 7 18 0 0 38

Breakfast cereals 49 47 35 0 141 53 51 40 0 170 44 42 32 0 129

of which

Ready-to-eat breakfast cereals 26 21 22 0 71 24 20 20 0 69 28 22 24 0 72

High-fibre cereals (≥6g/100g) 15 19 9 0 57 14 19 8 0 62 15 19 10 0 56

Low-fibre cereals (˂6g/100g) 11 15 5 0 42 9 13 5 0 37 12 16 6 0 47

Porridge & hot oats cereals (made up) 23 43 0 0 122 30 50 0 0 149 16 34 0 0 91

Pasta, rice & savouries 74 62 59 0 200 60 54 50 0 156 87 67 72 2 245

of which

Pasta 24 29 14 0 83 22 29 10 0 84 25 29 19 0 79

Rice 14 27 0 0 68 12 26 0 0 52 15 28 0 0 78

Other cereals (e.g. noodles, couscous) 7 22 0 0 51 5 16 0 0 36 10 26 0 0 90

Pizza 17 31 0 0 80 12 20 0 0 64 23 38 0 0 103

Other savouries (e.g. fried rice) 12 27 0 0 59 10 25 0 0 55 14 30 0 0 83

Potatoes & potato products 55 44 48 44 129 56 44 50 0 135 54 43 50 0 129

of which

Boiled, baked & mashed potatoes 29 32 20 0 94 32 34 23 0 103 26 31 16 0 90

Chipped, fried & roasted potatoes 21 27 13 0 73 17 24 10 0 65 24 29 17 0 83

Processed & homemade potato products 6 16 0 0 40 7 16 0 0 45 4 16 0 0 36

Total milk 164 147 125 0 470 163 144 131 0 439 164 151 120 0 488

of which

Whole milk 114 145 53 0 431 124 151 83 0 439 105 138 46 0 429

Reduced fat milk 46 101 0 0 272 36 80 0 0 258 56 118 0 0 309

Non-dairy alternatives 3 24 0 0 0 3 18 0 0 0 4 28 0 0 0


Yoghurts & fromage frais 32 37 20 0 106 37 38 26 0 112 27 35 14 0 101

Cheeses 10 13 7 0 36 10 11 8 0 37 10 14 6 0 36

Ice creams 9 15 0 0 42 9 14 0 0 39 9 16 0 0 44

Creams 0 2 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 5 1 2 0 0 4

Dairy desserts (e.g. rice pudding, custard) 5 20 0 0 38 5 24 0 0 33 5 15 0 0 39

Spreading fats 6 6 5 0 16 6 5 5 0 15 7 7 5 0 17

Total meat 105 60 96 25 212 98 56 92 23 205 111 63 101 30 255

of which

Meat dishes 43 50 30 0 149 44 48 34 0 141 42 51 24 0 152

Processed meat 38 33 29 0 94 34 26 28 0 83 42 39 33 0 109

Fresh meat 24 25 18 0 76 20 23 14 0 60 27 26 20 0 78

Poultry 15 19 10 0 55 13 16 9 0 41 18 22 11 0 58

Beef 5 12 0 0 28 5 11 0 0 25 6 12 0 0 36

Pork 2 9 0 0 13 2 8 0 0 11 3 10 0 0 20

Lamb 1 4 0 0 11 1 5 0 0 13 1 4 0 0 6

Total fish 12 22 0 0 44 13 21 0 0 49 11 23 0 0 44

of which

White fish, coated 4 11 0 0 28 6 12 0 0 34 3 9 0 0 27

Oily fish 3 8 0 0 23 3 8 0 0 23 2 8 0 0 25

White fish, uncoated 1 5 0 0 7 1 5 0 0 10 1 6 0 0 7

Other fish 1 4 0 0 8 1 3 0 0 7 1 4 0 0 9

Fish dishes 3 16 0 0 12 2 14 0 0 5 4 18 0 0 23

Girls 5-12y (n 300)

Percentiles

Girls 5-8y (n 151)

Percentiles

Table 3.6 Mean, SD, median and percentile values of food group intakes (g/d) for all girls (5-12 y) and by age group, in the total

population

Girls 9-12y (n 149)

Percentiles


Eggs & egg dishes 9 15 0 0 42 11 16 0 0 44 7 13 0 0 37

Nuts & seeds 1 3 0 0 7 0 2 0 0 3 1 3 0 0 9

Total fruit & vegetables 218 116 203 59 406 206 107 185 59 383 231 215 124 59 430

Fruit & fruit juices 147 108 130 15 335 138 97 123 23 322 155 134 118 5 350

Discrete fruit 89 67 79 0 221 90 68 76 5 224 88 80 67 0 225

of which

Apples 26 29 18 0 80 28 31 21 0 101 23 28 16 0 78

Bananas 17 25 0 0 67 17 24 5 0 69 16 26 0 0 66

Citrus fruits 11 23 0 0 54 9 16 0 0 40 13 28 0 0 69

Other fruits 36 45 21 0 129 35 45 22 0 100 37 45 18 0 147

Fruit in composite dishes 8 13 5 0 29 9 15 4 0 36 8 12 5 0 27


Smoothies 12 38 0 0 90 9 28 0 0 77 16 45 0 0 116

Total vegetables 72 47 66 12 161 68 43 64 10 159 76 50 71 12 166

Discrete vegetables 39 35 30 0 103 37 30 32 0 90 41 40 29 0 124

of which

Peas, beans & lentils 10 21 0 0 50 9 15 1 0 42 11 25 0 0 60

Baked beans 6 18 0 0 38 5 12 0 0 33 7 23 0 0 48

Carrots 9 13 4 0 34 10 12 6 0 36 9 13 0 0 32

Green vegetables 6 9 0 0 24 6 10 0 0 24 6 9 0 0 25

Other vegetables 14 19 7 0 50 11 15 7 0 42 16 22 7 0 59

Vegetables in composite dishes 33 30 26 1 90 31 29 23 0 91 43 40 34 3 103

Total confectionery/snacks 73 42 65 16 157 72 41 62 15 152 75 43 68 17 160

of which

Biscuits & crackers 15 13 12 0 43 14 11 11 0 37 16 15 13 0 47

Cakes, pastries & buns 15 20 9 0 55 16 21 10 0 71 15 19 6 0 54

Desserts 12 22 0 0 61 14 23 0 0 63 10 21 0 0 53

Chocolate confectionery 9 11 5 0 30 7 9 4 0 23 10 13 5 0 36

Savoury snacks 8 10 5 0 28 7 10 4 0 28 9 10 6 0 28

Sugar confectionery 8 17 0 0 37 8 16 0 0 30 7 18 0 0 43

Sugars, sweeteners, preserves & spreads 4 5 2 0 15 4 5 2 0 13 5 6 3 0 17

Cereal bars 3 6 0 0 16 2 5 0 0 15 3 7 0 0 18

Water as a beverage 417 280 388 51 963 338 231 299 54 770 494 302 440 7 1033

of which

Flavoured water 10 46 0 0 63 8 43 0 0 30 12 50 0 0 95

Soft drinks* 127 178 56 0 489 128 175 59 0 386 126 180 56 0 504

of which

Soft drinks, added sugar 45 96 0 0 201 30 59 0 0 158 60 121 0 0 248

Soft drinks, no added sugar 82 148 0 0 314 98 163 0 0 344 66 131 0 0 313

Milk as a beverage 78 115 36 0 341 88 120 41 0 357 69 110 0 0 342


Teas 25 73 0 0 167 12 34 0 0 100 38 96 0 0 297


Smoothies 11 35 0 0 87 9 29 0 0 84 13 40 0 0 96

Coffees 1 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 15 0 0 0


Girls 5-12y (n 300) Girls 5-8y (n 151) Girls 9-12y (n 149)


Table 3.6 continued Mean, SD, median and percentile values of food group intakes (g/d) for all girls (5-12 y) and by age group, in

the total population

Food groups

% Mean SD Median 5th 95th % Mean SD Median 5th 95th % Mean SD Median 5th 95th

Total bread 99 94 49 86 28 202 99 86 42 81 27 181 99 100 54 92 29 220

of which

White bread 89 66 45 59 13 157 87 56 36 53 12 119 91 75 50 63 13 176

Wholemeal & brown bread 52 51 41 40 8 134 60 47 35 34 9 112 45 56 48 42 6 178

Other breads (e.g. garlic/fruit bread, scones) 25 27 20 20 5 69 28 31 20 27 6 68 22 23 20 16 5 75

Breakfast cereals 91 64 57 46 8 195 91 61 59 42 7 193 90 66 55 49 10 205

of which

Ready-to-eat breakfast cereals 84 36 23 32 7 80 86 30 19 26 6 63 83 41 25 34 9 90

High-fibre cereals (≥6g/100g) 59 27 21 22 7 70 58 24 16 22 6 61 61 30 23 22 8 79

Low-fibre cereals (˂6g/100g) 53 27 19 21 5 64 51 23 18 19 5 63 54 29 19 25 5 66

Porridge & hot oats cereals (made up) 27 102 68 87 25 229 31 96 70 76 25 255 23 109 65 112 23 223

Pasta, rice & savouries 87 81 58 66 13 198 87 71 59 56 12 214 86 89 56 78 13 196

of which

Pasta 49 54 43 45 12 129 48 48 47 33 11 148 50 58 39 49 15 130

Rice 30 32 21 28 11 67 32 30 22 25 10 69 29 33 19 32 9 67

Other cereals (e.g. noodles, couscous) 14 45 51 29 1 183 11 57 63 41 1 - 17 39 43 24 1 165

Pizza 38 55 37 43 17 140 37 49 37 38 16 154 39 60 37 52 17 128

Other savouries (e.g. fried rice) 22 32 25 27 3 81 20 25 21 16 2 78 24 37 27 31 7 104

Potatoes & potato products 91 73 51 61 14 163 93 61 43 52 13 136 90 84 55 74 20 174

of which

Boiled, baked & mashed potatoes 64 53 36 44 11 130 65 45 32 36 10 112 63 61 38 51 23 144

Chipped, fried & roasted potatoes 68 38 31 29 6 102 73 29 24 20 5 76 64 47 34 39 12 111

Processed & homemade potato products 19 35 25 25 8 115 18 35 56 22 8 232 19 34 27 29 6 109

Total milk 92 225 155 191 30 531 94 207 161 164 30 519 90 241 147 223 30 551

of which

Whole milk 71 209 153 178 28 510 70 206 169 164 29 533 72 212 140 196 23 450

Reduced fat milk 31 182 146 137 17 535 34 142 119 100 25 411 29 222 160 197 13 579

Non-dairy alternatives 3 62 41 62 10 - 4 61 37 63 25 - 1 65 64 75 10 -

Sweetened milk drinks 22 89 73 67 26 233 24 88 60 74 25 228 21 90 85 63 26 358

Yoghurts & fromage frais 58 62 50 45 13 162 67 62 46 45 13 165 50 63 54 45 12 156

Cheeses 62 18 14 15 3 47 65 19 14 15 3 47 59 17 14 13 2 50

Ice creams 32 23 17 18 7 63 33 21 15 18 6 54 31 24 18 18 7 81

Creams 6 9 10 6 4 - 6 5 1 6 4 - 5 13 14 8 4 -

Dairy desserts (e.g. rice pudding, custard) 7 57 54 48 12 250 9 45 30 48 10 - 6 73 73 45 22 -

Spreading fats 86 8 7 6 1 23 91 8 6 6 1 19 81 9 7 7 1 24

Total meat 98 129 73 114 37 266 98 106 65 97 27 232 99 149 74 134 51 290

of which

Meat dishes 64 79 67 60 13 203 63 65 62 52 12 156 65 90 69 76 14 237

Processed meat 92 49 36 43 7 116 93 44 32 35 6 114 91 53 39 46 8 127

Fresh meat 76 42 35 31 8 103 69 32 21 27 6 72 82 49 41 36 12 132

Poultry 56 36 33 25 9 99 48 27 19 22 5 68 63 42 39 27 11 103

Beef 32 26 17 20 6 66 31 24 15 21 5 55 33 28 19 20 7 72

Pork 11 25 14 23 7 64 9 22 14 21 5 - 13 26 14 23 12 73

Lamb 3 26 19 19 4 - 2 16 8 19 4 - 4 30 21 32 6 -

Total fish 41 35 46 25 6 85 43 30 22 25 7 84 40 40 61 26 5 89

of which

White fish, coated 19 24 12 21 7 50 22 23 11 20 7 50 18 26 13 25 5 51

Oily fish 13 33 76 19 3 55 14 21 14 20 2 55 12 45 108 18 4 -

White fish, uncoated 5 24 15 17 9 - 5 27 19 19 9 - 6 21 13 17 9 -

Other fish 7 23 16 16 5 55 7 13 8 12 5 - 7 31 16 26 10 -

Fish dishes 8 34 25 29 2 88 7 36 23 32 4 - 8 33 28 26 2 -

Percentiles

Boys 5-12y (consumers only) Boys 5-8y (consumers only) Boys 9-12y (consumers only)

Table 3.7 Mean, SD, median and percentile values of food group intakes (g/d) for all boys (5-12 y) and by age group, in consumers only


Food groups


Eggs & egg dishes 32 32 23 25 6 80 27 30 21 19 12 78 36 33 25 25 5 81

Nuts & seeds 7 10 14 8 2 65 5 6 5 4 2 - 9 12 17 9 2 -

Total fruit & vegetables 100 228 141 204 52 500 100 234 154 201 52 525 100 222 128 204 50 492

Fruit & fruit juices 98 155 122 126 21 403 98 167 136 136 29 410 98 145 108 118 16 400

Discrete fruit 94 100 71 84 18 256 94 108 77 89 18 277 91 92 65 83 18 215

of which

Apples 61 47 28 41 15 109 67 48 28 40 14 107 56 46 28 41 15 110

Bananas 50 48 31 41 14 119 48 50 35 38 11 124 52 46 28 43 14 100

Citrus fruits 31 34 30 23 9 90 35 28 21 20 6 74 27 40 37 27 10 154

Other fruits 59 50 43 36 5 128 69 51 41 39 8 132 49 48 45 35 4 128

Fruit in composite dishes 84 11 13 7 1 37 80 14 17 8 2 52 82 9 9 6 0 31

Fruit juice (100% fruit) 40 100 109 77 17 253 39 102 147 75 13 274 40 98 64 79 25 247

Smoothies 11 104 50 90 34 208 13 91 41 90 31 - 9 120 57 141 31 -

Total vegetables 98 78 50 70 14 181 99 72 49 63 14 168 96 84 51 78 13 183

Discrete vegetables 82 50 37 39 7 121 87 46 34 38 6 112 78 55 40 41 9 122

of which

Peas, beans & lentils 47 25 22 18 3 74 48 21 18 17 1 67 46 28 24 21 4 86

Baked beans 20 34 23 26 9 89 20 28 17 20 9 70 21 40 26 33 8 103

Carrots 48 19 17 13 2 51 51 18 16 13 2 50 46 21 18 15 3 53

Green vegetables 33 18 14 14 3 50 36 21 16 15 2 61 32 15 11 12 3 39

Other vegetables 60 25 23 17 2 80 60 22 21 16 1 65 59 27 25 19 2 81

Vegetables in composite dishes 95 37 32 27 2 103 94 33 32 23 2 107 93 40 32 32 2 103

Total confectionery/snacks 100 79 53 70 17 184 100 73 50 65 16 184 99 85 54 75 19 195

of which

Biscuits & crackers 78 21 20 16 4 56 82 18 20 13 3 50 75 24 19 19 4 64

Cakes, pastries & buns 53 28 23 23 5 87 59 24 18 20 5 57 48 32 27 25 5 101

Desserts 34 42 43 30 6 109 32 44 34 33 6 115 35 39 49 29 4 108

Chocolate confectionery 57 15 11 15 3 37 56 12 8 10 3 26 58 19 12 16 5 44

Savoury snacks 64 16 13 13 4 42 63 14 11 11 4 37 65 18 15 14 5 44

Sugar confectionery 36 17 19 10 2 57 40 18 22 11 1 76 32 16 17 9 2 57

Sugars, sweeteners, preserves & spreads 69 9 8 7 1 27 72 8 6 7 1 21 66 10 9 7 1 30

Cereal bars 14 12 9 10 4 33 15 10 6 9 5 29 14 13 11 10 3 46

Water as a beverage 94 510 332 466 103 1123 94 433 314 386 86 993 95 575 333 537 125 1206

of which

Flavoured water 6 194 160 125 6 500 5 193 184 115 5 - 8 195 154 172 15 -

Soft drinks* 73 261 261 166 38 822 74 258 274 169 35 838 72 265 251 166 50 854

of which

Soft drinks, added sugar 40 134 96 123 38 374 27 118 75 112 30 256 52 142 104 123 39 382

Soft drinks, no added sugar 51 270 275 161 38 936 59 268 287 193 37 931 43 272 263 156 38 951

Milk as a beverage 60 172 137 135 33 422 61 174 154 127 30 437 59 170 121 139 35 422


Teas 19 153 126 109 21 462 13 156 135 139 9 - 26 152 124 108 39 444


Smoothies 11 104 50 90 34 208 13 91 90 90 31 - 9 120 57 141 31 -

Coffees 1 92 43 104 45 - 0 - - - - - 2 92 43 104 45 -


Boys 5-12y (consumers only) Boys 5-8y (consumers only) Boys 9-12y (consumers only)


Table 3.7 continued Mean, SD, median and percentile values of food group intakes (g/d) for all boys (5-12 y) and by age group, in

consumers only


Total bread 100 78 39 73 21 149 99 74 34 73 22 138 100 83 74 74 20 166

of which

White bread 89 53 32 46 11 113 88 47 29 40 11 108 89 58 34 55 11 124

Wholemeal & brown bread 56 42 32 36 7 98 59 39 30 31 7 97 52 46 34 40 7 116

Other breads (e.g. garlic/fruit bread, scones) 29 26 24 19 6 62 34 25 21 18 6 64 25 27 28 21 4 86

Breakfast cereals 92 53 46 38 7 149 93 57 51 43 7 180 91 49 41 35 7 130

of which

Ready-to-eat breakfast cereals 86 30 20 26 6 72 86 28 19 23 6 69 87 32 21 28 6 72

High-fibre cereals (≥6g/100g) 59 25 19 19 5 69 59 24 19 18 4 69 60 25 19 20 5 71

Low-fibre cereals (˂6g/100g) 55 20 14 18 5 48 57 17 13 12 4 44 53 23 15 21 6 61

Porridge & hot oats cereals (made up) 29 78 45 62 23 165 36 83 52 61 20 194 23 72 32 71 29 148

Pasta, rice & savouries 92 80 61 63 15 204 88 68 52 56 10 160 95 91 66 76 19 253

of which

Pasta 57 42 28 36 8 96 56 40 29 32 6 93 58 43 27 40 12 106

Rice 34 40 33 29 12 112 33 37 33 29 9 113 35 44 33 29 13 129

Other cereals (e.g. noodles, couscous) 17 42 37 28 2 124 14 32 32 27 1 136 20 49 38 35 7 123

Pizza 37 47 34 33 10 129 35 33 22 27 6 76 39 58 39 52 11 145

Other savouries (e.g. fried rice) 30 40 38 29 6 131 28 35 36 24 6 115 32 44 39 34 6 145

Potatoes & potato products 92 60 42 51 13 131 95 59 43 48 14 145 89 60 41 56 12 134

of which

Boiled, baked & mashed potatoes 65 44 30 37 10 105 72 44 32 36 10 107 58 45 28 39 10 96

Chipped, fried & roasted potatoes 61 34 27 26 8 96 57 31 25 23 7 81 65 36 29 27 8 100

Processed & homemade potato products 18 31 25 22 7 78 26 28 22 20 6 73 11 40 29 32 10 -

Total milk 90 183 144 142 18 483 87 186 139 150 24 473 92 179 149 138 10 502

of which

Whole milk 65 176 146 140 12 479 66 189 150 144 15 537 64 162 142 120 9 453

Reduced fat milk 30 153 133 108 12 469 25 141 102 108 20 313 35 161 152 102 10 546

Non-dairy alternatives 3 117 83 122 37 - 4 78 51 52 37 - 2 195 85 176 137 -


Yoghurts & fromage frais 61 52 34 45 10 124 66 56 34 51 10 120 55 48 34 38 11 124

Cheeses 64 16 12 13 3 39 68 15 10 13 3 38 60 17 14 13 3 43

Ice creams 39 24 16 18 7 62 40 24 14 19 8 62 39 23 18 17 6 76

Creams 5 6 5 4 1 - 2 4 3 3 1 - 9 7 5 6 2 -

Dairy desserts (e.g. rice pudding, custard) 10 51 43 38 13 201 10 56 58 33 11 - 10 46 23 38 21 -

Spreading fats 88 7 6 6 1 17 91 7 5 6 1 16 85 8 8 8 2 19

Total meat 98 107 59 97 29 212 98 100 55 94 25 205 99 113 62 113 31 255

of which

Meat dishes 64 68 47 54 15 171 67 66 45 52 16 170 60 71 48 59 15 175

Processed meat 90 42 33 33 6 97 91 37 25 30 6 84 89 47 38 37 6 136

Fresh meat 70 34 23 27 8 78 67 30 22 24 5 74 73 37 24 31 8 78

Poultry 56 27 19 22 8 61 54 23 16 20 5 51 57 31 20 27 9 71

Beef 26 20 15 17 3 53 23 20 16 19 2 70 28 21 15 16 6 54

Pork 10 22 20 13 8 72 9 18 20 11 7 - 10 26 19 18 9 -

Lamb 6 16 6 16 6 - 7 16 7 14 6 - 5 17 6 18 7 -

Total fish 40 30 26 24 7 78 45 28 24 20 7 69 34 32 30 26 8 107

of which

White fish, coated 18 23 14 20 8 55 25 22 15 17 2 58 12 25 10 25 12 -

Oily fish 15 19 10 17 4 39 18 18 10 15 5 39 12 21 10 21 4 -

White fish, uncoated 5 22 12 21 8 - 5 21 9 19 10 - 5 23 15 22 8 -

Other fish 7 14 8 12 3 30 5 14 6 15 6 - 8 13 9 10 3 -

Fish dishes 6 46 52 26 7 - 5 40 56 18 7 - 7 50 51 38 12 -

Percentiles

Girls 5-12y (consumers only) Girls 5-8y (consumers only) Girls 9-12y (consumers only)

Table 3.8 Mean, SD, median and percentile values of food group intakes (g/d) for all girls (5-12 y) and by age group, in consumers only



Eggs & egg dishes 38 24 15 19 8 53 43 25 15 22 8 59 32 23 14 16 9 50

Nuts & seeds 9 8 6 7 1 21 6 7 5 7 3 - 13 8 6 7 1 -

Total fruit & vegetables 100 215 114 194 57 399 100 204 107 185 58 389 100 225 121 210 56 426

Fruit & fruit juices 97 147 104 129 22 335 99 139 97 122 26 327 96 155 111 134 15 346

Discrete fruit 95 95 64 86 19 227 94 93 66 78 16 223 89 98 62 88 19 233

of which

Apples 64 39 27 29 8 96 68 40 29 29 9 107 60 38 25 29 6 86

Bananas 44 37 26 29 10 90 49 34 22 26 9 73 35 41 29 34 10 110

Citrus fruits 33 35 29 29 9 79 33 29 16 29 6 62 32 41 37 29 8 140

Other fruits 69 50 45 35 6 145 75 47 46 32 5 129 64 53 45 40 7 157

Fruit in composite dishes 85 10 15 6 1 32 77 12 17 7 1 55 83 10 14 6 1 29


Smoothies 13 85 58 57 19 230 11 80 47 63 20 - 14 88 66 57 16 274

Total vegetables 99 72 48 65 12 162 100 68 41 65 12 155 100 76 53 66 12 172

Discrete vegetables 88 44 35 38 3 105 92 41 28 37 3 90 84 48 41 40 3 149

of which

Peas, beans & lentils 43 24 29 14 2 67 52 18 16 13 1 58 35 32 40 19 2 109

Baked beans 20 32 36 22 6 88 25 22 13 20 3 48 15 48 52 30 10 210

Carrots 56 17 14 13 4 43 64 16 12 12 4 47 48 18 16 13 3 43

Green vegetables 42 14 10 12 3 34 46 14 10 12 3 37 39 14 9 12 3 30

Other vegetables 59 23 19 16 2 62 60 20 16 15 2 46 60 25 22 20 2 68

Vegetables in composite dishes 97 34 31 27 4 90 95 32 29 24 3 92 98 36 33 28 4 90

Total confectionery/snacks 99 74 42 65 18 157 99 73 41 62 17 153 99 75 43 69 21 160

of which

Biscuits & crackers 82 18 13 15 4 45 85 16 10 13 3 38 79 20 14 17 4 51

Cakes, pastries & buns 61 25 20 19 5 75 66 25 22 18 5 80 56 26 18 23 5 66

Desserts 36 34 25 27 6 91 41 35 24 28 7 89 31 34 26 26 6 100

Chocolate confectionery 61 14 12 11 3 37 61 11 8 10 2 27 61 16 14 13 3 47

Savoury snacks 61 13 10 10 3 34 60 12 11 8 2 35 62 14 9 11 4 34

Sugar confectionery 45 17 22 10 2 62 49 17 20 11 1 66 40 18 25 9 2 65

Sugars, sweeteners, preserves & spreads 63 7 6 5 1 18 62 6 5 4 1 15 64 7 6 6 1 20

Cereal bars 22 12 8 11 4 32 18 11 6 10 4 25 25 13 9 11 4 38

Water as a beverage 97 432 274 395 63 969 98 345 228 306 56 792 95 518 289 461 107 1038

of which

Flavoured water 7 133 115 87 20 375 6 129 127 85 20 - 9 136 112 112 44 -

Soft drinks* 61 208 186 154 31 592 59 215 182 178 26 560 63 202 192 132 32 657

of which

Soft drinks, added sugar 40 114 125 78 20 374 35 87 71 63 18 244 44 136 151 92 25 534

Soft drinks, no added sugar 43 191 175 135 39 644 47 208 184 181 28 719 39 171 163 115 46 590

Milk as a beverage 55 142 122 97 25 400 61 143 125 111 25 407 49 140 120 94 30 395


Teas 17 144 119 114 22 409 15 77 50 64 9 194 20 194 131 153 25 491


Smoothies 13 85 58 57 19 230 11 80 47 63 20 - 14 88 66 57 16 274

Coffees 2 67 65 43 13 - 1 49 - 49 49 49 2 73 79 37 13 -


Girls 5-12y (consumers only) Girls 5-8y (consumers only) Girls 9-12y (consumers only)


Table 3.8 continued Mean, SD, median and percentile values of food group intakes (g/d) for all girls (5-12 y) and by age group, in

consumers only

Chapter 4 Nutrient Intakes


Macronutrients & Fibre

Energy (MJ) 6.3 1.2 6.2 4.5 8.3

Energy (kcal) 1487 275 1469 1067 1969

Protein (g) 59.6 14.1 58.0 39.2 85.3

Total fat (g) 55.8 12.7 54.8 36.8 78.5

Saturated fat (g) 23.4 5.6 23.0 15.0 33.4

Monounsaturated fat (g) 22.9 5.6 22.4 14.7 32.9

Polyunsaturated fat (g) 9.3 2.5 9.0 5.8 13.8

Carbohydrate (g) 196.9 38.3 194.8 137.9 264.2

Total sugar (g) 73.7 19.4 72.3 44.4 108.1

Free sugar (g) 38.4 14.9 36.6 17.4 65.6

Dietary fibre (g) 14.4 3.5 14.1 9.2 20.7

Protein (% TE) 16.2 2.1 16.0 13.0 19.9

Total fat (% TE) 33.3 3.8 33.3 27.0 39.6

Saturated fat (% TE) 14.0 2.2 14.0 10.6 17.7

Monounsaturated fat (% TE) 13.6 1.8 13.6 10.7 16.6

Polyunsaturated fat (% TE) 5.5 1.0 5.5 4.1 7.3

Carbohydrate (% TE) 50.0 4.3 50.1 42.8 57.0

Total sugar (% TE) 18.7 4.0 18.5 12.5 25.6

Free Sugar (% TE) 9.5 3.4 9.2 4.5 15.6

Dietary fibre (g/10MJ) 23.5 4.3 23.2 16.9 30.9

Vitamins*

Total Vitamin A (µg) 666 307 613 274 1243

Retinol (µg) 292 146 268 101 565

Carotene (µg) 2397 1828 1920 600 5823

Vitamin D (µg) 4.2 3.1 3.5 0.9 10.1

Vitamin E (mg) 6.9 2.9 6.5 3.0 12.4

Thiamin (mg) 1.4 0.4 1.4 0.8 2.2

Riboflavin (mg) 1.6 0.6 1.5 0.8 2.6

Total Niacin (mg) 28.8 7.5 28.0 18.2 42.5

Vitamin B6 (mg) 1.5 0.5 1.4 0.8 2.5

Vitamin B12 (µg) 4.6 1.8 4.4 2.1 8.0

Total folate (µg) 211 65 204 117 330

Dietary Folate Equivalents (µg) 253 97 238 122 432

Biotin (µg) 25.3 11.2 23.3 10.9 46.4

Pantothenate (mg) 5.3 1.8 5.1 2.8 8.8

Vitamin C (mg) 73 42 65 22 154

Minerals*

Sodium (mg) 1657 365 1627 1114 2310

Potassium (mg) 2019 486 1980 1296 2891

Calcium (mg) 791 241 767 438 1224

Iron (mg) 9.0 2.4 8.7 5.4 13.4

Magnesium (mg) 194 47 190 124 279

Zinc (mg) 7.3 2.1 7.1 4.4 11.1

Copper (mg) 0.8 0.2 0.7 0.5 1.1

Phosphorus (mg) 1008 256 986 628 1467

*All sources including nutritional supplements

TE: Total Energy

Percentiles


Table 4.1 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily energy, macronutrient, dietary fibre, vitamin and

mineral intakes in children aged 5-12 years (total population)



Energy (MJ) 6.7 1.2 6.6 4.8 8.7 5.9 1.0 5.8 4.3 7.6

Energy (kcal) 1583 280 1567 1147 2065 1398 238 1388 1023 1810

Protein (g) 64.8 14.8 63.5 42.9 91.2 54.8 11.6 53.8 37.4 75.3

Total fat (g) 59.2 13.2 58.2 39.2 82.4 52.7 11.3 51.9 35.4 72.6

Saturated fat (g) 24.7 5.8 24.3 15.9 34.7 22.2 5.2 21.9 14.4 31.3

Monounsaturated fat (g) 24.4 5.8 23.9 15.7 34.7 21.5 4.9 21.1 14.1 30.2

Polyunsaturated fat (g) 9.9 2.6 9.6 6.2 14.7 8.7 2.1 8.4 5.6 12.5

Carbohydrate (g) 208.6 38.7 206.7 148.4 275.3 186.2 34.7 184.6 132.0 246.6

Total sugar (g) 77.4 19.6 76.1 47.8 111.9 70.3 18.6 69.0 42.3 103.3

Free sugar (g) 39.0 15.2 37.2 17.6 66.6 37.8 14.6 36.1 17.2 64.6

Dietary fibre (g) 15.5 3.6 15.3 10.1 21.9 13.4 3.1 13.2 8.7 18.9

Protein (% TE) 16.5 2.1 16.4 13.2 20.2 15.9 2.0 15.7 12.8 19.4

Total fat (% TE) 33.2 3.9 33.2 26.9 39.6 33.4 3.8 33.4 27.2 39.7

Saturated fat (% TE) 13.9 2.1 13.9 10.4 17.5 14.2 2.1 14.1 10.7 17.8

Monounsaturated fat (% TE) 13.6 1.8 13.6 10.7 16.7 13.6 1.8 13.5 10.7 16.6

Polyunsaturated fat (% TE) 5.6 1.0 5.5 4.1 7.4 5.5 1.0 5.4 4.1 7.2

Carbohydrate (% TE) 49.8 4.4 49.9 42.5 56.8 50.2 4.3 50.3 43.0 57.1

Total sugar (% TE) 18.5 4.1 18.3 12.2 25.5 18.9 3.9 18.7 12.8 25.6

Free Sugar (% TE) 9.1 3.3 8.8 4.3 15.1 9.8 3.4 9.5 4.8 16.0

Dietary fibre (g/10MJ) 23.8 4.3 23.6 17.2 31.2 23.2 4.2 22.9 16.7 30.6

Vitamins*

Total Vitamin A (µg) 702 319 649 292 1301 632 291 582 260 1174

Retinol (µg) 317 152 294 115 601 269 136 246 92 523

Carotene (µg) 2405 1837 1926 599 5854 2390 1820 1913 601 5794

Vitamin D (µg) 4.4 3.1 3.7 1.0 10.5 4.1 3.0 3.3 0.9 9.8

Vitamin E (mg) 7.3 3.1 6.9 3.2 13.0 6.5 2.7 6.1 2.9 11.6

Thiamin (mg) 1.5 0.4 1.5 0.9 2.3 1.3 0.4 1.3 0.8 2.0

Riboflavin (mg) 1.8 0.6 1.7 0.9 2.8 1.4 0.5 1.4 0.7 2.4

Total Niacin (mg) 31.6 7.8 30.8 20.0 45.5 26.3 6.1 25.8 17.3 37.2

Vitamin B6 (mg) 1.7 0.6 1.6 0.9 2.7 1.4 0.5 1.3 0.7 2.2

Vitamin B12 (µg) 5.1 1.9 4.9 2.4 8.6 4.2 1.6 4.0 1.8 7.1

Total folate (µg) 229 67 222 131 349 194 59 188 109 300

Dietary Folate Equivalents (µg) 276 101 263 137 462 231 87 219 113 391

Biotin (µg) 28.7 11.9 26.8 13.0 51.0 22.2 9.4 20.7 9.9 39.8

Pantothenate (mg) 5.9 1.9 5.6 3.2 9.4 4.9 1.6 4.6 2.6 7.8

Vitamin C (mg) 74 43 66 22 156 72 42 64 22 152

Minerals*

Sodium (mg) 1787 374 1760 1221 2443 1537 313 1517 1059 2088

Potassium (mg) 2195 494 2161 1445 3060 1858 418 1830 1222 2596

Calcium (mg) 871 243 853 509 1303 717 213 699 402 1098

Iron (mg) 9.7 2.5 9.5 6.0 14.2 8.3 2.1 8.1 5.1 12.1

Magnesium (mg) 211 48 208 139 296 178 40 176 117 249

Zinc (mg) 8.0 2.1 7.8 4.9 11.8 6.7 1.7 6.5 4.1 9.8

Copper (mg) 0.8 0.2 0.8 0.5 1.2 0.7 0.2 0.7 0.4 1.0

Phosphorus (mg) 1104 259 1086 712 1558 920 219 905 588 1306


TE: Total Energy

Boys 5-12y (n 300)

Percentiles

Girls 5-12y (n 300)

Percentiles

Table 4.2 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily energy, macronutrient, vitamin and mineral intakes by gender



Energy (MJ) 5.8 1.0 5.8 4.3 7.5 6.7 1.1 6.7 5.0 8.7

Energy (kcal) 1380 234 1369 1017 1788 1600 270 1582 1184 2069

Protein (g) 55.0 11.8 54.0 37.5 76.1 64.5 14.8 62.9 43.0 91.1

Total fat (g) 51.6 11.0 50.8 34.9 71.0 60.3 12.8 59.3 41.1 82.9

Saturated fat (g) 22.1 5.2 21.8 14.3 31.3 24.8 5.7 24.3 16.2 34.7



Carbohydrate (g) 183.9 34.2 182.0 131.0 243.7 210.8 37.6 208.5 152.8 276.2

Total sugar (g) 71.2 19.1 69.8 42.6 105.1 76.3 19.4 74.9 47.2 110.7

Free sugar (g) 35.4 13.9 33.7 15.9 60.9 41.6 15.2 39.9 20.1 69.3

Dietary fibre (g) 13.8 3.3 13.5 8.9 19.6 15.1 3.6 14.7 9.7 21.6

Protein (% TE) 16.1 2.1 15.9 12.9 19.7 16.3 2.1 16.1 13.0 20.0

Total fat (% TE) 33.1 3.9 33.1 26.8 39.5 33.5 3.8 33.5 27.4 39.8

Saturated fat (% TE) 14.2 2.2 14.2 10.7 17.8 13.8 2.1 13.8 10.4 17.4



Carbohydrate (% TE) 50.2 4.3 50.3 43.0 57.1 49.8 4.3 49.9 42.6 56.7

Total sugar (% TE) 19.4 4.0 19.2 13.1 26.2 18.0 3.9 17.8 12.0 24.7

Free Sugar (% TE) 9.4 3.4 9.0 4.4 15.4 9.6 3.4 9.3 4.7 15.7


Vitamins*


Retinol (µg) 291 144 268 102 561 292 148 267 101 569

Carotene (µg) 2317 1754 1853 575 5679 2482 1900 1993 634 5962

Vitamin D (µg) 4.4 3.1 3.7 1.0 10.5 4.1 3.0 3.3 0.9 9.8

Vitamin E (mg) 6.7 2.8 6.3 2.9 11.9 7.2 3.0 6.7 3.1 12.8

Thiamin (mg) 1.3 0.4 1.3 0.8 2.0 1.5 0.4 1.4 0.9 2.3

Riboflavin (mg) 1.6 0.6 1.5 0.7 2.6 1.6 0.6 1.6 0.8 2.7

Total Niacin (mg) 26.9 6.4 26.3 17.5 38.3 30.9 8.0 29.9 19.4 45.3

Vitamin B6 (mg) 1.5 0.5 1.4 0.7 2.4 1.6 0.6 1.5 0.8 2.6

Vitamin B12 (µg) 4.6 1.8 4.4 2.1 7.8 4.7 1.9 4.4 2.1 8.1

Total folate (µg) 205 63 199 114 321 216 67 208 120 337


Biotin (µg) 24.4 10.5 22.5 10.7 44.2 26.3 11.7 24.2 11.3 48.4

Pantothenate (mg) 5.1 1.8 4.9 2.7 8.4 5.6 1.9 5.3 2.9 9.1

Vitamin C (mg) 73 42 64 22 154 74 42 65 22 154

Minerals*

Sodium (mg) 1526 312 1504 1054 2080 1796 367 1764 1248 2445

Potassium (mg) 1906 440 1873 1243 2689 2141 504 2095 1391 3035

Calcium (mg) 778 235 756 432 1204 804 245 779 446 1246

Iron (mg) 8.5 2.2 8.3 5.2 12.5 9.5 2.6 9.2 5.7 14.1

Magnesium (mg) 183 43 180 119 259 206 49 201 133 293

Zinc (mg) 7.0 1.9 6.8 4.3 10.3 7.7 2.2 7.4 4.6 11.7

Copper (mg) 0.7 0.2 0.7 0.4 1.0 0.8 0.2 0.8 0.5 1.2

Phosphorus (mg) 957 234 939 605 1375 1063 267 1038 668 1538


TE: Total Energy


Percentiles


Percentiles

Table 4.3 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily energy, macronutrient, vitamin and mineral intakes by age group



Energy (MJ) 6.1 1.0 6.1 4.6 7.8 7.3 1.1 7.2 5.6 9.1

Energy (kcal) 1447 230 1441 1089 1850 1731 254 1720 1337 2161

Protein (g) 58.0 11.9 57.2 40.3 79.4 72.3 14.1 71.2 51.4 96.9

Total fat (g) 53.6 11.1 53.0 36.7 73.4 65.4 12.6 64.6 46.3 87.2

Saturated fat (g) 22.9 5.2 22.7 15.0 32.3 26.6 5.7 26.2 17.9 36.4



Carbohydrate (g) 193.3 33.8 192.2 140.9 252.6 225.2 36.7 223.5 168.5 287.7

Total sugar (g) 75.4 19.2 74.3 46.4 109.8 79.6 19.8 78.2 49.9 114.0

Free sugar (g) 35.5 13.8 34.0 16.0 61.4 42.8 15.6 41.0 20.8 70.8

Dietary fibre (g) 14.5 3.3 14.3 9.6 20.4 16.6 3.6 16.4 11.3 22.9

Protein (% TE) 16.2 2.1 16.1 13.0 19.8 16.9 2.2 16.7 13.6 20.6

Total fat (% TE) 32.8 3.8 32.8 26.5 39.2 33.6 3.8 33.6 27.4 39.9

Saturated fat (% TE) 14.0 2.2 14.0 10.6 17.7 13.7 2.1 13.7 10.3 17.3



Carbohydrate (% TE) 50.4 4.3 50.5 43.2 57.4 49.1 4.3 49.2 41.9 56.1

Total sugar (% TE) 19.6 4.0 19.5 13.3 26.5 17.3 3.8 17.2 11.5 23.8

Free Sugar (% TE) 9.0 3.3 8.7 4.2 15.0 9.3 3.3 8.9 4.4 15.2


Vitamins*


Retinol (µg) 302 146 281 108 582 333 157 309 125 621

Carotene (µg) 2292 1713 1849 571 5679 2528 1956 2019 642 6069

Vitamin D (µg) 4.3 3.0 3.6 0.9 10.3 4.6 3.2 3.8 1.1 10.7

Vitamin E (mg) 6.6 2.8 6.3 2.9 11.9 8.1 3.2 7.6 3.8 13.9

Thiamin (mg) 1.4 0.4 1.4 0.9 2.2 1.7 0.4 1.6 1.0 2.5

Riboflavin (mg) 1.7 0.6 1.7 0.9 2.7 1.9 0.6 1.8 1.0 2.9

Total Niacin (mg) 28.3 6.4 27.8 18.7 40.0 35.2 7.6 34.5 23.9 48.5

Vitamin B6 (mg) 1.5 0.5 1.5 0.8 2.5 1.8 0.6 1.7 1.0 2.8

Vitamin B12 (µg) 4.9 1.8 4.7 2.3 8.3 5.4 1.9 5.2 2.7 8.8

Total folate (µg) 220 65 214 126 338 239 68 232 140 360


Biotin (µg) 26.7 11.0 25.1 12.2 47.7 30.8 12.5 28.9 14.5 53.7

Pantothenate (mg) 5.6 1.8 5.4 3.0 8.9 6.2 2.0 6.0 3.5 9.8

Vitamin C (mg) 74 43 66 22 158 74 43 65 22 154

Minerals*

Sodium (mg) 1621 309 1606 1151 2173 1969 353 1947 1434 2578

Potassium (mg) 2027 439 2004 1361 2812 2379 485 2348 1646 3218

Calcium (mg) 845 237 828 493 1273 900 246 880 537 1332

Iron (mg) 8.9 2.3 8.8 5.6 13.0 10.6 2.5 10.4 6.8 15.1

Magnesium (mg) 195 42 193 130 271 230 47 227 159 311

Zinc (mg) 7.4 1.9 7.2 4.6 10.8 8.8 2.1 8.6 5.7 12.5

Copper (mg) 0.7 0.2 0.7 0.5 1.1 0.9 0.2 0.9 0.6 1.3

Phosphorus (mg) 1023 234 1011 669 1442 1192 256 1175 805 1636


TE: Total Energy

Boys 5-8y (n 149) Boys 9-12y (n 151)


Table 4.4 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily energy, macronutrient, vitamin and mineral intakes for boys, by age group



Energy (MJ) 5.5 0.9 5.5 4.1 7.1 6.2 1.0 6.2 4.7 7.9

Energy (kcal) 1317 220 1306 976 1692 1482 227 1474 1125 1876

Protein (g) 52.1 11.0 51.2 35.9 71.5 57.5 11.5 56.6 40.2 78.0

Total fat (g) 49.7 10.6 48.9 33.6 68.2 55.8 11.1 55.1 38.7 75.4

Saturated fat (g) 21.4 5.1 21.0 13.7 30.2 23.2 5.1 22.9 15.3 32.2



Carbohydrate (g) 175.0 32.2 173.2 125.4 230.3 197.9 33.4 196.6 145.7 256.0

Total sugar (g) 67.4 18.1 65.9 40.3 99.2 73.4 18.5 72.2 45.4 106.2

Free sugar (g) 35.3 13.9 33.5 15.8 60.5 40.5 14.8 38.9 19.5 67.5

Dietary fibre (g) 13.1 3.1 12.9 8.5 18.5 13.7 3.1 13.4 9.0 19.1

Protein (% TE) 16.0 2.1 15.8 12.8 19.5 15.7 2.0 15.6 12.7 19.2

Total fat (% TE) 33.4 3.9 33.3 27.1 39.7 33.5 3.7 33.5 27.4 39.7

Saturated fat (% TE) 14.3 2.2 14.3 10.9 18.0 14.0 2.1 13.9 10.6 17.5



Carbohydrate (% TE) 50.0 4.3 50.1 42.8 57.0 50.4 4.2 50.5 43.3 57.2

Total sugar (% TE) 19.2 4.0 19.0 13.0 25.9 18.6 3.8 18.4 12.6 25.2

Free Sugar (% TE) 9.7 3.4 9.3 4.7 15.8 10.0 3.4 9.7 5.0 16.1


Vitamins*


Retinol (µg) 281 141 258 97 543 256 129 236 88 499

Carotene (µg) 2341 1792 1858 580 5676 2441 1847 1974 629 5872

Vitamin D (µg) 4.6 3.2 3.8 1.0 10.7 3.6 2.6 2.9 0.8 8.6

Vitamin E (mg) 6.7 2.8 6.3 2.9 11.9 6.3 2.6 6.0 2.8 11.2

Thiamin (mg) 1.3 0.4 1.2 0.7 1.9 1.3 0.4 1.3 0.8 2.0

Riboflavin (mg) 1.4 0.5 1.4 0.7 2.4 1.4 0.5 1.4 0.7 2.3

Total Niacin (mg) 25.7 6.0 25.1 16.8 36.3 27.0 6.1 26.6 18.0 38.0

Vitamin B6 (mg) 1.4 0.5 1.3 0.7 2.2 1.4 0.5 1.3 0.7 2.2

Vitamin B12 (µg) 4.3 1.7 4.1 1.9 7.3 4.0 1.6 3.9 1.8 6.9

Total folate (µg) 192 59 186 107 298 196 58 190 111 302


Biotin (µg) 22.2 9.5 20.6 9.8 39.9 22.2 9.3 20.7 10.0 39.7

Pantothenate (mg) 4.8 1.6 4.5 2.5 7.7 4.9 1.6 4.8 2.7 7.9

Vitamin C (mg) 71 42 62 21 150 73 42 65 23 153

Minerals*

Sodium (mg) 1437 287 1416 1004 1936 1641 305 1624 1175 2178

Potassium (mg) 1791 410 1761 1175 2506 1927 416 1901 1293 2662

Calcium (mg) 716 216 696 399 1099 718 210 701 406 1096

Iron (mg) 8.1 2.1 7.9 5.0 11.9 8.5 2.1 8.3 5.3 12.3

Magnesium (mg) 173 40 170 113 242 184 40 182 123 255

Zinc (mg) 6.6 1.7 6.4 4.1 9.7 6.8 1.7 6.6 4.2 9.9

Copper (mg) 0.7 0.2 0.6 0.4 1.0 0.7 0.2 0.7 0.5 1.1

Phosphorus (mg) 894 217 877 569 1273 947 218 933 616 1333


TE: Total Energy

Girls 5-8y (n 151) Girls 9-12y (n 149)


Table 4.5 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily energy, macronutrient, vitamin and mineral intakes for girls, by age group

Total 5-12y Boys 5-12y Girls 5-12y Total 5-8y Total 9-12y Boys 5-8y Girls 5-8y Boys 9-12y Girls 9-12y

n 600 n 300 n 300 n 300 n 300 n 149 n 151 n 151 n 149

All sources*

Mean 666 702 632 659 673 678 641 728 623

SD 307 319 291 303 310 308 298 329 284

Median 613 649 582 607 619 629 588 673 576

5th percentile 274 292 260 270 278 281 262 309 259

95th percentile 1243 1301 1174 1231 1257 1273 1196 1336 1157

97.5th percentile 1413 1476 1339 1408 1423 1436 1373 1521 1313

Food sources

Mean 602 630 577 586 619 591 582 672 572

SD 247 257 235 240 254 240 239 269 230

Median 563 590 540 549 578 556 543 631 537

5th percentile 278 290 268 271 288 274 268 320 268

95th percentile 1066 1112 1012 1036 1093 1050 1025 1165 1002

97.5th percentile 1194 1238 1141 1168 1222 1174 1162 1311 1123

*including nutritional supplements

Table 4.6 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily total vitamin A (µg) intakes from all sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and age group

Total 5-12y Girls 5-12y Boys 5-8y Total 5-8y Total 9-12y Boys 5-12y Girls 5-8y Boys 9-12y Girls 9-12y

n 600 n 300 n 149 n 300 n 300 n 300 n 151 n 151 n 149

All sources*

Mean 292 269 302 291 292 317 281 333 256

SD 146 136 146 144 148 152 141 157 129

Median 268 246 281 268 267 294 258 309 236

5th percentile 101 92 108 102 101 115 97 125 88

95th percentile 565 523 582 561 569 601 543 621 499

97.5th percentile 640 594 655 639 642 678 621 704 566

Food sources

Mean 245 227 249 240 250 264 232 281 222

SD 98 91 97 95 101 102 93 105 88

Median 232 215 238 228 235 251 219 268 211

5th percentile 110 102 115 109 112 122 104 135 101

95th percentile 426 393 431 416 435 452 401 471 385

97.5th percentile 473 438 475 463 481 497 450 522 427


Table 4.7 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily retinol (µg) intakes from all sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and age group


n 600 n 300 n 149 n 300 n 300 n 300 n 151 n 151 n 149

All sources*

Mean 2397 2390 2292 2317 2482 2405 2341 2528 2441

SD 1828 1820 1713 1754 1900 1837 1792 1956 1847

Median 1920 1913 1849 1853 1993 1926 1858 2019 1974

5th percentile 600 601 571 575 634 599 580 642 629

95th percentile 5823 5794 5679 5679 5962 5854 5676 6069 5872

97.5th percentile 7213 7193 6953 7044 7373 7231 7132 7556 7225

Food sources

Mean 2305 2305 2135 2199 2417 2305 2261 2491 2351

SD 1688 1680 1533 1599 1770 1696 1658 1840 1702

Median 1873 1874 1748 1785 1972 1872 1823 2021 1930

5th percentile 610 616 564 578 657 604 596 672 643

95th percentile 5478 5455 5168 5246 5679 5503 5353 5840 5525

97.5th percentile 6726 6724 6286 6464 6957 6726 6675 7217 6752


Table 4.8 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily carotene (µg) intakes from all sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and age group


n 600 n 300 n 149 n 300 n 300 n 300 n 151 n 151 n 149

All sources*

Mean 4.2 4.1 4.3 4.4 4.1 4.4 4.6 4.6 3.6

SD 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.2 2.6

Median 3.5 3.3 3.6 3.7 3.3 3.7 3.8 3.8 2.9

5th percentile 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 3.7 1.0 1.1 0.8

95th percentile 10.1 9.8 10.3 10.5 9.8 10.5 10.7 10.7 8.6

97.5th percentile 12.1 11.7 12.3 12.6 11.6 12.6 13.0 12.9 10.3

Food sources

Mean 3.3 3.1 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.5 3.4 3.8 2.8

SD 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 1.7

Median 2.9 2.7 2.9 2.9 2.8 3.1 3.0 3.3 2.5

5th percentile 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.2 0.8

95th percentile 7.0 6.6 7.0 7.1 7.0 7.4 7.1 7.8 6.0

97.5th percentile 8.2 7.7 8.1 8.3 8.1 8.6 8.4 9.1 7.0


Table 4.9 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily vitamin D (µg) intakes from all sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and age group


n 600 n 300 n 149 n 300 n 300 n 300 n 151 n 151 n 149

All sources*

Mean 6.9 6.5 6.6 6.7 7.2 7.3 6.7 8.1 6.3

SD 2.9 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.0 3.1 2.8 3.2 2.6

Median 6.5 6.1 6.3 6.3 6.7 6.9 6.3 7.6 6.0

5th percentile 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.1 3.2 2.9 3.8 2.8

95th percentile 12.4 11.6 11.9 11.9 12.8 13.0 11.9 13.9 11.2

97.5th percentile 13.8 12.9 13.2 13.3 14.3 14.5 13.4 15.6 12.5

Food sources

Mean 5.9 5.6 5.6 5.5 6.3 6.3 5.5 7.0 5.7

SD 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8 2.0 2.1 1.8 2.1 1.7

Median 5.6 5.4 5.4 5.3 6.0 6.0 5.3 6.8 5.5

5th percentile 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.5 3.4 3.0 4.1 3.2

95th percentile 9.5 8.8 8.9 8.8 10.1 10.0 8.7 10.8 8.9

97.5th percentile 10.4 9.6 9.7 9.6 11.0 10.9 9.6 11.8 9.7


Table 4.10 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily vitamin E (mg) intakes from all sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and age group


n 600 n 300 n 149 n 300 n 300 n 300 n 151 n 151 n 149

All sources*

Mean 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.7 1.3

SD 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

Median 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.2 1.6 1.3

5th percentile 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.8

95th percentile 2.2 2.0 2.2 2.0 2.3 2.3 1.9 2.5 2.0

97.5th percentile 2.4 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.5 2.5 2.1 2.7 2.2

Food sources

Mean 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.5 1.3

SD 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3

Median 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.5 1.2

5th percentile 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.8

95th percentile 2.0 1.8 1.9 1.8 2.0 2.1 1.7 2.2 1.8

97.5th percentile 2.1 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.2 1.9 2.3 1.9


Table 4.11 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily thiamin (mg) intakes from all sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and age group


n 600 n 300 n 149 n 300 n 300 n 300 n 151 n 151 n 149

All sources*

Mean 1.6 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.4 1.9 1.4

SD 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5

Median 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.4 1.8 1.4

5th percentile 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.7

95th percentile 2.6 2.4 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.4 2.9 2.3

97.5th percentile 2.9 2.6 3.0 2.8 3.0 3.1 2.6 3.2 2.5

Food sources

Mean 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.4 1.7 1.4

SD 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4

Median 1.5 1.3 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.7 1.3

5th percentile 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.7

95th percentile 2.4 2.2 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.2 2.6 2.1

97.5th percentile 2.6 2.4 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.4 2.9 2.3


Table 4.12 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily riboflavin (mg) intakes from all sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and age group


n 600 n 300 n 149 n 300 n 300 n 300 n 151 n 151 n 149

All sources*

Mean 28.8 26.3 28.3 26.9 30.9 31.6 25.7 35.2 27.0

SD 7.5 6.1 6.4 6.4 8.0 7.8 6.0 7.6 6.1

Median 28.0 25.8 27.8 26.3 29.9 30.8 25.1 34.5 26.6

5th percentile 18.2 17.3 18.7 17.5 19.4 20.0 16.8 23.9 18.0

95th percentile 42.5 37.2 40.0 38.3 45.3 45.5 36.3 48.5 38.0

97.5th percentile 45.8 39.9 42.6 41.1 48.5 48.6 39.1 51.8 40.6

Food sources

Mean 27.9 25.6 26.9 25.8 30.1 30.4 24.7 34.2 26.5

SD 7.2 5.9 6.1 6.0 7.7 7.6 5.8 7.4 5.9

Median 27.0 25.1 26.5 25.2 29.2 29.6 24.2 33.6 26.0

5th percentile 17.7 16.9 17.9 16.9 19.1 19.2 16.3 23.3 17.7

95th percentile 41.0 36.1 38.0 36.6 44.0 44.1 34.9 47.1 37.0

97.5th percentile 44.3 38.8 40.5 39.3 47.1 47.1 37.6 50.3 39.6


Table 4.13 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily total niacin (mg) intakes from all sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and age group


n 600 n 300 n 149 n 300 n 300 n 300 n 151 n 151 n 149

All sources*

Mean 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.4 1.8 1.4

SD 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5

Median 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.7 1.3

5th percentile 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.7

95th percentile 2.5 2.2 2.5 2.4 2.6 2.7 2.2 2.8 2.2

97.5th percentile 2.7 2.5 2.8 2.6 2.8 2.9 2.5 3.1 2.5

Food sources

Mean 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.2 1.6 1.3

SD 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3

Median 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.6 1.3

5th percentile 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.8

95th percentile 2.0 1.8 1.9 1.8 2.1 2.1 1.7 2.2 1.8

97.5th percentile 2.1 1.9 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.2 1.9 2.4 2.0


Table 4.14 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily vitamin B6 (mg) intakes from all sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and age group


n 600 n 300 n 149 n 300 n 300 n 300 n 151 n 151 n 149

All sources*

Mean 4.6 4.2 4.9 4.6 4.7 5.1 4.3 5.4 4.0

SD 1.8 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.9 1.6

Median 4.4 4.0 4.7 4.4 4.4 4.9 4.1 5.2 3.9

5th percentile 2.1 1.8 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.4 1.9 2.7 1.8

95th percentile 8.0 7.1 8.3 7.8 8.1 8.6 7.3 8.8 6.9

97.5th percentile 8.8 7.9 9.1 8.7 8.9 9.4 8.1 9.7 7.7

Food sources

Mean 4.4 3.9 4.6 4.3 4.4 4.8 4.0 5.1 3.8

SD 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.4

Median 4.2 3.8 4.5 4.1 4.2 4.7 3.8 5.0 3.7

5th percentile 2.1 1.9 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.5 1.9 2.7 1.8

95th percentile 7.2 6.4 7.4 7.0 7.4 7.7 6.6 8.0 6.3

97.5th percentile 7.9 7.0 8.0 7.7 8.1 8.4 7.2 8.8 6.9


Table 4.15 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily vitamin B12 (µg) intakes from all sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and age group


n 600 n 300 n 149 n 300 n 300 n 300 n 151 n 151 n 149

All sources*

Mean 211 194 220 205 216 229 192 239 196

SD 65 59 65 63 67 67 59 68 58

Median 204 188 214 199 208 222 186 232 190

5th percentile 117 109 126 114 120 131 107 140 111

95th percentile 330 300 338 321 337 349 298 360 302

97.5th percentile 358 327 365 349 365 378 327 391 328

Food sources

Mean 201 186 209 196 206 217 183 225 189

SD 57 52 57 56 59 59 52 60 52

Median 195 181 204 190 199 211 178 219 184

5th percentile 118 110 126 115 122 130 108 138 113

95th percentile 305 279 312 297 311 322 276 331 282

97.5th percentile 329 304 336 321 336 347 301 358 305


Table 4.16 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily total folate (µg) intakes from all sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and age group


n 600 n 300 n 149 n 300 n 300 n 300 n 151 n 151 n 149

All sources*

Mean 253 231 264 248 258 276 232 288 231

SD 97 87 97 94 99 101 88 104 86

Median 238 219 253 234 243 263 219 274 219

5th percentile 122 113 131 119 124 137 112 146 113

95th percentile 432 391 447 422 441 462 393 477 389

97.5th percentile 479 436 494 471 488 511 441 530 432

Food sources

Mean 236 218 246 231 241 255 217 265 219

SD 82 74 82 80 83 85 75 87 73

Median 225 208 237 221 229 245 207 254 210

5th percentile 124 116 133 122 127 137 114 145 117

95th percentile 387 353 400 378 394 412 353 423 353

97.5th percentile 426 391 438 419 433 452 392 467 389


Table 4.17 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily dietary folate equivalents (µg) intakes from all sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and age

group


n 600 n 300 n 149 n 300 n 300 n 300 n 151 n 151 n 149

All sources*

Mean 25.3 22.2 26.7 24.4 26.3 28.7 22.2 30.8 22.2

SD 11.2 9.4 11.0 10.5 11.7 11.9 9.5 12.5 9.3

Median 23.3 20.7 25.1 22.5 24.2 26.8 20.6 28.9 20.7

5th percentile 10.9 9.9 12.2 10.7 11.3 13.0 9.8 14.5 10.0

95th percentile 46.4 39.8 47.7 44.2 48.4 51.0 39.9 53.7 39.7

97.5th percentile 52.3 45.1 53.4 50.0 54.4 56.7 45.4 60.5 44.7

Food sources

Mean 22.2 19.9 23.2 21.3 23.1 24.7 19.5 26.2 20.2

SD 6.8 5.7 6.5 6.4 7.1 6.9 5.7 7.1 5.7

Median 21.3 19.3 22.7 20.6 22.1 23.9 18.9 25.5 19.7

5th percentile 12.5 11.6 13.9 12.2 13.1 14.6 11.3 16.0 11.9

95th percentile 34.6 30.3 35.2 33.0 35.9 37.2 29.8 38.8 30.6

97.5th percentile 37.6 33.0 38.0 35.9 39.0 40.0 32.6 42.1 33.2


Table 4.18 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily biotin (µg) intakes from all sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and age group


n 600 n 300 n 149 n 300 n 300 n 300 n 151 n 151 n 149

All sources*

Mean 5.3 4.9 5.6 5.1 5.6 5.9 4.8 6.2 4.9

SD 1.8 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.6 2.0 1.6

Median 5.1 4.6 5.4 4.9 5.3 5.6 4.5 6.0 4.8

5th percentile 2.8 2.6 3.0 2.7 2.9 3.2 2.5 3.5 2.7

95th percentile 8.8 7.8 8.9 8.4 9.1 9.4 7.7 9.8 7.9

97.5th percentile 9.6 8.7 9.8 9.3 9.9 10.2 8.5 10.8 8.7

Food sources

Mean 4.9 4.5 5.1 4.7 5.2 5.4 4.4 5.8 4.6

SD 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.6 1.3

Median 4.8 4.4 4.9 4.6 5.0 5.3 4.2 5.7 4.5

5th percentile 2.9 2.7 3.1 2.8 3.0 3.2 2.6 3.6 2.8

95th percentile 7.7 6.8 7.7 7.2 8.0 8.2 6.6 8.6 6.9

97.5th percentile 8.3 7.4 8.3 7.8 8.7 8.8 7.3 9.3 7.5


Table 4.19 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily pantothenate (mg) intakes from all sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and age group


n 600 n 300 n 149 n 300 n 300 n 300 n 151 n 151 n 149

All sources*

Mean 73 72 74 73 74 74 71 74 73

SD 42 42 43 42 42 43 42 43 42

Median 65 64 66 64 65 66 62 65 65

5th percentile 22 22 22 22 22 22 21 22 23

95th percentile 154 152 158 154 154 156 150 154 153

97.5th percentile 180 177 183 180 179 181 177 180 178

Food sources

Mean 61 61 62 60 62 61 59 60 63

SD 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29

Median 56 56 57 55 57 56 54 55 59

5th percentile 23 23 24 23 24 23 22 23 25

95th percentile 116 116 118 115 116 116 112 114 118

97.5th percentile 132 132 134 131 132 132 128 130 134


Table 4.20 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily vitamin C (mg) intakes from all sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and age group


n 600 n 300 n 149 n 300 n 300 n 300 n 151 n 151 n 149

All sources*

Mean 2019 1858 2027 1906 2141 2195 1791 2379 1927

SD 486 418 439 440 504 494 410 485 416

Median 1980 1830 2004 1873 2095 2161 1761 2348 1901

5th percentile 1296 1222 1361 1243 1391 1445 1175 1646 1293

95th percentile 2891 2596 2812 2689 3035 3060 2506 3218 2662

97.5th percentile 3079 2773 2981 2862 3225 3242 2684 3418 2829

Food sources

Mean 2019 1858 2027 1906 2140 2195 1791 2378 1927

SD 486 418 439 440 503 494 409 485 416

Median 1980 1830 2004 1873 2095 2160 1761 2348 1901

5th percentile 1296 1222 1361 1243 1391 1445 1175 1646 1293

95th percentile 2890 2596 2812 2689 3033 3060 2506 3217 2662

97.5th percentile 3078 2773 2981 2862 3224 3240 2684 3416 2829


Table 4.21 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily potassium (mg) intakes from all sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and age group


n 600 n 300 n 149 n 300 n 300 n 300 n 151 n 151 n 149

All sources*

Mean 791 717 845 778 804 871 716 900 718

SD 241 213 237 235 245 243 216 246 210

Median 767 699 828 756 779 853 696 880 701

5th percentile 438 402 493 432 446 509 399 537 406

95th percentile 1224 1098 1273 1204 1246 1303 1099 1332 1096

97.5th percentile 1324 1192 1369 1301 1344 1402 1198 1438 1185

Food sources

Mean 787 716 837 774 801 864 714 894 718

SD 240 214 237 235 245 243 217 246 211

Median 764 697 821 752 776 846 693 873 700

5th percentile 435 401 486 428 443 503 396 531 405

95th percentile 1219 1098 1267 1198 1241 1297 1098 1326 1097

97.5th percentile 1320 1193 1362 1296 1338 1397 1197 1433 1187


Table 4.22 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily calcium (mg) intakes from all sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and age group


n 600 n 300 n 149 n 300 n 300 n 300 n 151 n 151 n 149

All sources*

Mean 9.0 8.3 8.9 8.5 9.5 9.7 8.1 10.6 8.5

SD 2.4 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.6 2.5 2.1 2.5 2.1

Median 8.7 8.1 8.8 8.3 9.2 9.5 7.9 10.4 8.3

5th percentile 5.4 5.1 5.6 5.2 5.7 6.0 5.0 6.8 5.3

95th percentile 13.4 12.1 13.0 12.5 14.1 14.2 11.9 15.1 12.3

97.5th percentile 14.4 13.1 14.0 13.5 15.1 15.2 12.9 16.2 13.2

Food sources

Mean 8.7 8.1 8.6 8.3 9.2 9.4 7.9 10.2 8.3

SD 2.2 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.3 2.3 1.9 2.3 1.9

Median 8.5 7.9 8.5 8.1 8.9 9.2 7.7 10.0 8.1

5th percentile 5.5 5.2 5.6 5.3 5.8 5.9 5.1 6.8 5.4

95th percentile 12.7 11.6 12.3 11.9 13.4 13.5 11.3 14.2 11.7

97.5th percentile 13.6 12.4 13.2 12.8 14.3 14.4 12.2 15.2 12.5


Table 4.23 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily iron (mg) intakes from all sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and age group


n 600 n 300 n 149 n 300 n 300 n 300 n 151 n 151 n 149

All sources*

Mean 194 178 195 183 206 211 173 230 184

SD 47 40 42 43 49 48 40 47 40

Median 190 176 193 180 201 208 170 227 182

5th percentile 124 117 130 119 133 139 113 159 123

95th percentile 279 249 271 259 293 296 242 311 255

97.5th percentile 297 267 287 276 312 313 259 330 271

Food sources

Mean 193 178 192 182 205 209 172 228 184

SD 46 40 42 42 48 47 39 46 40

Median 189 175 190 179 200 206 169 225 182

5th percentile 124 117 129 119 133 138 113 158 124

95th percentile 276 248 267 256 290 292 240 308 254

97.5th percentile 294 265 283 272 308 310 257 327 270


Table 4.24 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily magnesium (mg) intakes from all sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and age group


n 600 n 300 n 149 n 300 n 300 n 300 n 151 n 151 n 149

All sources*

Mean 7.3 6.7 7.4 7.0 7.7 8.0 6.6 8.8 6.8

SD 2.1 1.7 1.9 1.9 2.2 2.1 1.7 2.1 1.7

Median 7.1 6.5 7.2 6.8 7.4 7.8 6.4 8.6 6.6

5th percentile 4.4 4.1 4.6 4.3 4.6 4.9 4.1 5.7 4.2

95th percentile 11.1 9.8 10.8 10.3 11.7 11.8 9.7 12.5 9.9

97.5th percentile 12.0 10.6 11.6 11.1 12.6 12.7 10.5 13.5 10.6

Food sources

Mean 7.1 6.5 7.1 6.7 7.5 7.8 6.4 8.6 6.6

SD 1.9 1.5 1.7 1.6 2.0 1.9 1.5 1.9 1.5

Median 6.9 6.3 7.0 6.6 7.3 7.6 6.2 8.4 6.5

5th percentile 4.4 4.2 4.6 4.3 4.7 4.9 4.1 5.7 4.3

95th percentile 10.5 9.2 10.1 9.7 11.1 11.2 9.1 11.9 9.4

97.5th percentile 11.3 10.0 10.8 10.4 11.9 12.0 9.8 12.8 10.0


Table 4.25 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily zinc (mg) intakes from all sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and age group


n 600 n 300 n 149 n 300 n 300 n 300 n 151 n 151 n 149

All sources*

Mean 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.7

SD 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Median 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.9 0.7

5th percentile 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.5

95th percentile 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.1

97.5th percentile 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.0 1.4 1.1

Food sources

Mean 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.7

SD 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Median 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.7

5th percentile 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.5

95th percentile 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.2 1.0

97.5th percentile 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.1


Table 4.26 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily copper (mg) intakes from all sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and age group


n 600 n 300 n 149 n 300 n 300 n 300 n 151 n 151 n 149

All sources*

Mean 1008 920 1023 957 1063 1104 894 1192 947

SD 256 219 234 234 267 259 217 256 218

Median 986 905 1011 939 1038 1086 877 1175 933

5th percentile 628 588 669 605 668 712 569 805 616

95th percentile 1467 1306 1442 1375 1538 1558 1273 1636 1333

97.5th percentile 1567 1399 1532 1468 1639 1654 1368 1742 1422

Food sources

Mean 1008 920 1023 957 1063 1104 894 1191 947

SD 256 219 234 234 267 259 217 256 218

Median 986 905 1011 939 1038 1085 877 1175 933

5th percentile 628 588 669 605 667 712 569 805 616

95th percentile 1467 1306 1442 1375 1537 1557 1273 1636 1333

97.5th percentile 1567 1399 1532 1468 1638 1654 1368 1742 1422


Table 4.27 Mean, SD, median and percentile values for daily phosphorus (mg) intakes from all sources and food sources for the total population and by gender and age group

Energy Protein Total FatSaturated

FatMUFA PUFA Carbohydrate

Total

SugarsFree Sugars

Dietary

Fibre

% % % % % % % % % %

Bread & rolls 14.3 13.2 5.2 3.7 4.7 10.9 21.1 4.6 1.1 22.8

Meat & meat products 14.3 32.7 21.4 18.1 25.0 20.7 4.2 2.6 2.1 7.7

Milk & yogurt 10.1 13.8 12.5 18.5 10.4 2.7 7.6 19.3 10.2 0.9

Breakfast cereals 8.9 6.3 3.4 3.1 2.7 6.3 12.4 7.0 11.0 15.0

Grains, rice, pasta & savouries 8.7 8.2 5.7 5.3 5.4 7.8 11.0 1.6 0.7 9.6

Sugars, confectionery, preserves & savoury snacks 8.7 3.2 9.9 9.5 11.4 7.3 9.6 15.5 26.3 6.3

Biscuits, cakes & pastries 8.5 3.4 10.4 11.8 9.8 9.0 9.0 10.1 18.0 5.5

Potatoes & potato products 5.5 2.6 4.9 2.9 5.3 8.1 7.0 0.8 0.0 8.6

Fruit & fruit juices 5.0 1.8 0.7 0.5 0.4 2.0 8.8 22.0 10.0 10.6

Creams, ice-creams & chilled desserts 3.3 1.8 3.9 4.7 3.1 3.7 3.3 5.6 7.7 1.3

Butter & spreading fats 2.8 0.1 8.0 8.7 7.9 6.8 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0

Cheeses 2.5 4.0 5.3 7.7 4.4 1.4 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1

Vegetables & vegetable dishes 1.7 2.2 1.2 0.7 1.1 2.4 2.0 2.8 0.7 8.9

Fish & fish dishes 1.6 3.5 2.1 1.0 2.5 3.7 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.7

Soups & sauces 1.4 0.7 2.3 1.6 2.6 3.2 1.0 1.7 2.3 1.4

Beverages 1.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 2.3 5.8 9.6 0.2

Eggs & egg dishes 1.2 2.1 2.3 1.9 2.6 2.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nuts, seeds, herbs & spices 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.5 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3

Nutritional supplements 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Note: Food groups are listed in order of contribution to energy intakes (decreasing order)

Table 4.28 Contribution (%) of food groups to mean daily intakes of energy, macronutrients and dietary fibre in children aged 5-12 years

Vitamin

A

Vitamin

D

Vitamin

E

Vitamin

K1

Thiamin Riboflavin NiacinVitamin

B6Pantothenate Biotin

Vitamin

B12

Total

folateDFE*

Vitamin

C

% % % % % % % % % % % % % %

Bread & rolls 1.1 1.0 3.1 2.6 14.7 4.9 12.2 5.9 7.3 6.6 0.6 13.7 12.4 0.2

Meat & meat products 11.1 19.6 13.2 17.3 17.1 11.4 33.5 26.8 18.8 12.1 21.1 8.5 7.8 8.9

Milk & yogurt 15.1 17.2 6.9 3.4 6.6 31.0 6.3 9.1 23.0 23.2 34.7 12.3 11.4 9.1

Breakfast cereals 1.6 23.4 5.6 1.7 18.2 22.0 14.5 17.8 13.1 9.7 11.7 24.0 30.4 3.3

Grains, rice, pasta & savouries 3.6 2.3 6.7 3.1 5.6 2.9 6.6 2.5 7.0 5.9 3.6 3.6 3.1 1.1

Sugars, confectionery, preserves & savoury snacks 1.5 1.2 8.5 3.1 2.0 3.9 2.3 2.6 2.1 3.0 2.9 2.5 2.6 1.4

Biscuits, cakes & pastries 3.8 1.9 10.1 5.8 3.1 2.1 3.3 1.7 3.4 6.8 1.3 2.9 2.5 0.2

Potatoes & potato products 1.1 0.2 6.0 8.2 7.3 1.5 2.9 4.8 4.4 1.1 0.3 5.9 5.4 11.4

Fruit & fruit juices 2.0 0.0 4.6 11.8 10.5 3.3 2.5 9.8 5.4 7.8 0.2 8.8 7.9 39.2

Creams, ice-creams & chilled desserts 4.0 2.2 4.4 1.1 1.3 3.6 1.1 1.0 2.4 3.2 3.1 1.1 1.0 0.7

Butter & spreading fats 7.4 3.1 5.0 5.5 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.0

Cheese 7.0 1.8 1.0 1.2 0.3 2.7 2.4 1.0 1.1 2.2 5.0 1.6 1.4 0.0

Vegetables & vegetable dishes 25.9 0.1 4.7 27.9 5.0 1.8 2.1 3.1 2.5 2.9 0.1 7.0 6.2 12.3

Fish & fish dishes 0.5 7.0 4.5 2.0 1.4 1.0 3.4 1.7 1.5 1.4 5.2 0.8 0.7 0.4

Soups & sauces 4.6 0.3 4.7 4.0 2.7 0.7 0.9 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.2 1.0 0.8 1.3

Beverages 1.1 0.6 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.5 1.7 3.1 0.8 1.3 0.4 0.9 1.0 2.5

Eggs & egg dishes 2.9 8.5 2.7 0.5 0.6 2.9 1.2 0.8 2.3 6.4 5.0 1.8 1.6 0.0

Nuts, seeds, herbs & spices 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0

Nutritional supplements 5.7 9.8 8.1 0.3 3.0 3.5 2.9 6.1 4.1 4.5 4.0 2.8 3.2 8.0

DFE: Dietary Folate Equivalents


Table 4.29 Contribution (%) of food groups to mean daily vitamin intakes in children aged 5-12 years

Sodium Potassium Calcium Iron Magnesium Zinc Copper Phosphorus

% % % % % % % %

Bread & rolls 22.0 7.7 17.7 17.6 13.8 11.7 17.6 11.9

Meat & meat products 23.8 18.1 5.0 16.0 14.5 26.6 13.1 21.2

Milk & yogurt 6.7 17.7 34.9 1.5 13.9 15.3 4.1 21.2

Breakfast cereals 5.3 5.3 7.5 28.0 10.5 9.0 9.9 7.7

Grains, rice, pasta & savouries 7.1 4.0 6.5 6.6 7.6 8.2 10.2 7.3

Sugars, confectionery, preserves & savoury snacks 5.5 4.8 3.6 4.5 5.3 3.0 6.9 3.5

Biscuits, cakes & pastries 5.8 3.3 3.8 6.3 5.5 3.6 7.5 4.7

Potatoes & potato products 2.0 13.3 1.2 3.8 7.3 2.7 7.9 3.6

Fruit & fruit juices 0.4 11.6 2.2 3.2 7.5 1.2 9.3 2.3

Creams, ice-creams & chilled desserts 1.5 2.2 3.1 1.8 2.1 1.7 2.1 2.4

Butter & spreading fats 2.7 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Cheeses 4.5 0.6 8.6 0.4 1.6 5.0 0.5 5.6

Vegetables & vegetable dishes 2.1 5.4 2.3 4.2 4.4 2.8 5.4 2.6

Fish & fish dishes 2.0 1.9 0.6 1.0 1.8 1.1 1.3 2.3

Soups & sauces 5.4 1.9 0.7 1.1 1.2 0.6 1.5 0.7

Beverages 1.5 1.3 0.8 0.2 1.4 3.7 0.5 0.8

Eggs & egg dishes 1.8 0.7 0.8 1.9 0.7 1.7 0.8 1.9

Nuts, seeds, herbs & spices 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.2

Nutritional supplements 0.0 0.0 0.6 1.7 0.5 1.7 0.8 0.0


Table 4.30 Contribution (%) of food groups to mean daily mineral intakes in children aged 5-12 years

Chapter 5 Anthropometric Measurements

Total Boys Girls 5-8y 9-12y

Weight (kg)

n 596 298 298 296 300

Mean 32.5 32.6 32.5 24.6 39.8

SD 11.4 10.5 12.3 4.9 10.8

5th Percentile 19.4 19.5 19.3 18 25.5

95th Percentile 56.3 55.7 57 33.8 60.3

Height (cm)

n 596 298 298 296 300

Mean 134 135 134 122 145

SD 14.7 14.7 14.8 8.8 10

5th Percentile 112 111 113 108 129

95th Percentile 157 158 157 138 164

BMI (kg/m2)

n 596 298 298 296 300

Mean 17.5 17.5 17.5 16.2 18.6

SD 3.0 2.7 3.3 1.7 3.5

5th Percentile 14.3 14.5 14.0 14.1 14.8

95th Percentile 24.1 23.7 25.1 18.9 25.4

% Body fat

n 594 297 297 296 298

Mean 20.4 18.9 22.1 20.4 20.5

SD 6.4 6.1 6.4 4.5 7.8

5th Percentile 11.7 11.2 14.1 14.6 11.0

95th Percentile 32.6 31.4 34.7 28.7 36.1

Waist (cm)

n 591 296 295 293 298

Mean 59.3 59.7 58.9 55 63.2

SD 8.2 7.5 8.9 4.6 8.8

5th Percentile 50 51.2 49.8 48.7 53.1

95th Percentile 76.8 74.3 78.3 63 80.7

Hip (cm)

n 591 296 295 293 298

Mean 71.4 71.4 71.4 64.7 77.5

SD 9.9 9.1 10.6 5.4 9.1

5th Percentile 58.2 58.3 58.0 56.8 64.9

95th Percentile 91.5 90.1 92.6 74 94.3

Table 5.1 Mean, SD, median and percentile values of anthropometric measurements for the total population and by gender and age

group

Total 5-8y 9-12y

All (n) (596) (296) (300)

Underweight 1.1 0.8 1.4

Normal 83.2 89.4 77.5

Overweight 8.4 7.3 9.5

Obese 4.9 1.8 7.6

Morbidly obese 2.4 0.7 4.0

Overweight & obese 15.7 9.7 21.1

Boys (n) (298) (147) (151)


Normal 83.8 87.2 80.8


Obese 5.1 1.1 8.6



Girls (n) (298) (149) (149)


Normal 82.6 91.7 73.8


Obese 4.6 2.6 6.5




Table 5.2 Prevalence (%) of overweight and obesity in Irish children

aged 5-12 years using UK 90 growth references†

†Cole TJ, Freeman JV & Preece MA (1995) Body mass index reference

curves for the UK, 1990. Archives of Disease in Childhood 73 (1) 25-

29.

Total 5-8y 9-12y

All (n) (596) (296) (300)

Thinness 5.3 4.6 5.9

Normal 78.3 84.1 73.0


Obese 3.5 2.2 4.7



Boys (n) (298) (147) (151)


Normal 82.8 85.7 80.3

Overweight 10.4 9.7 11

Obese 1.8 1.8 1.9



Girls (n) (298) (149) (149)


Normal 73.6 82.6 64.8


Obese 5.3 2.6 7.9




Table 5.3 Prevalence (%) of overweight and obesity in Irish children

aged 5-12 years using the IOTF cut-offs†

†Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM & Dietz WH (2000) Establishing a

standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide:

international survey. BMJ 320 (7244) 1240-1243.

n Mean SD n Mean SD n Mean SD

Location

Rural 236 17.3 2.5 119 16.2 1.4 17 18.4 2.9

Small town 77 17.5 3.1 37 16.3 1.3 40 18.5 3.8

Large town 174 17.4 3.0 85 16.3 1.9 89 18.5 3.4

City 109 17.4 2.9 55 16.0 2.0 54 18.8 4.0

Education level

Primary/Intermediate 37 18.0 3.3 16 16.3 1.2 21 19.3 3.8

Secondary 43 18.1 3.5 17 16.9 3.2 26 18.9 3.6

Degree/Diploma 513 17.2 2.8 263 16.1 1.5 250 18.4 3.4

Social Class

Professional workers 394 17.1 2.7 208 16.0 1.5 186 18.2 3.2

Non-manual workers 102 17.7 3.1 48 16.2 1.4 54 18.9 3.7

Skilled manual workers 54 17.9 2.9 20 16.7 1.9 34 18.6 3.2

Unskilled workers 43 18.3 3.8 18 16.5 1.5 25 19.7 4.3

Note: Education & SC level relates to that of the parents/guardians of participants

Table 5.4 Mean, SD and median values of BMI (kg/m2) for Irish children aged 5-12 years by demographic factors and age group

Total 5-12y 5-8y 9-12y


Location

Rural 120 17.2 2.3 60 16.3 1.2 60 18.2 2.7

Small town 40 17.5 2.2 19 16.6 1.5 21 18.3 2.5

Large town 99 17.5 3.1 46 16.4 1.9 53 18.4 3.6

City 39 17.1 2.9 22 16.6 2.7 17 17.8 3.2

Education level


Secondary 25 17.4 2.7 10 17.6 3.8 15 17.2 1.8

Degree/Diploma 249 17.3 2.6 127 16.3 1.5 122 18.3 3.0

Social Class






Table 5.5 Mean, SD and median values of BMI (kg/m2) for Irish boys aged 5-12 years by demographic factors and age group

Total 5-12y 5-8y 9-12y


Location

Rural 116 17.3 2.8 59 16.0 1.5 57 18.6 3.2

Small town 37 17.5 3.8 18 16.0 1.1 19 18.8 4.9

Large town 75 17.3 2.9 39 16.1 1.9 36 18.6 3.3

City 70 17.5 3.7 33 15.6 1.3 37 19.2 4.2

Education level


Secondary 18 19.2 4.3 7 15.9 1.9 11 21.3 4.0

Degree/Diploma 264 17.2 3.1 136 16.0 1.6 128 18.5 3.6

Social Class






Total 5-12y 5-8y 9-12y

Table 5.6 Mean, SD and median values of BMI (kg/m2) for Irish girls aged 5-12 years by demographic factors and age group

Chapter 6 Physical Activity Levels

Activities (mins/day) n Median n Median n Median

All

Physical activities 597 81 299 82 298 80

Sedentary activities 597 254 299 281 298 227

Screen time 597 86 299 91 298 94

Boys



Screen time 299 111 149 107 150 112

Girls



Screen time 298 72 150 69 148 77

Excludes 3 missing values

Total 5-12y 5-8y 9-12y

Table 6.1 Median time (minutes/day) spent in physical and sedentary activities and watching screens by

Irish children aged 5-12 years

Activities (mins/day) n Weekday Weekend n Weekday Weekend n Weekday Weekend

All

Total screen time 597 63 135 299 60 135 298 72 120

Gaming (computer, tablet & console) 597 24 60 299 12 45 298 33 60

TV viewing 597 30 60 299 36 90 298 30 60

Boys



TV viewing 299 36 60 149 36 90 150 36 60

Girls



TV viewing 298 30 90 150 34 90 148 24 60


Table 6.2 Median time (minutes/day) spent watching screens, television and gaming by children aged 5-12 years

Total 5-12y 5-8y 9-12y

Activities (mins/day) n Weekday Weekend n Weekday Weekend n Weekday Weekend

Total

Sedentary activities 597 222 325 299 234 365 298 212 270

Physical activities 597 83 75 299 75 85 298 90 68

Boys



Girls




Table 6.3 Median time (minutes/day) spent participating in total, physical and sedentary activities by children aged 5-12 years

Total 5-12y 5-8y 9-12y

national children’s

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