nanotechnology and power buildings: solar power Õs
TRANSCRIPT
HelioVolt Corporation24 Oct 2005
Nanotechnology and Power Buildings:
Solar Power’s Surprising Future
B.J. Stanbery, CEO
HelioVolt Corporation
Austin, TX
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Will Solar Become a Significant
Power Source for the World?
! Solar’s role in the world’s energyfuture depends on political choices
– Will coal’s use be limited by
• CO2 generation?
– Will nuclear’s use be limited by
• waste disposal costs and proliferation risk?
! Solar’s growth is inevitable
– Breadth of adoption dependent on
• New technologies for reduced cost
• New application paradigm: Power Buildings
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Solar Power Today
! Silicon Photovoltaic (PV) modules for retrofit
! PV module sales $3.3B (2004 estimate)– PV market 30+% CAGR
! Sales <!% total annual global CapEx for electrical power generation
! Current market limited by price– $3.50/Wp modules + $3 installation
$0
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PV
Mo
du
le M
ark
et
(mil
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ns)
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Solar Power Tomorrow
! Power Buildings will become multi-$T market
– PV as an integrated electronic component
! Efficient, durable thin-film solar cellsincorporated into traditional building materials
! Current products unsuitable
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Power Buildings Market
! Huge latentdemand
! USA potential:$150B/yr– 60% share
! Multiplesegments– Architectural
glass– Windows &
skylights– Roofing
Electrical Demand met by PV
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Competitors for the
Mass Power Market?
! Silicon PV cannot meet needs
– Durable & efficient
– Expensive mature technology
– Low margins
! Organic PV unlikely to meet needs
– Efficiency & lifetime issues
! Conventional semiconductor thinfilm currently too expensive
87%
13%
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Heliovolt Breakthrough
CIGS Platform Technology
! Highest Performance and Durability– Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS):
Highest Thin Film Efficiency
– Currently used for most-demanding applications
! Lowest Cost– Less than one third the cost of Silicon PV Cells
! Widest Range of Form Factors– Durable and inexpensive coating for
glass, metals and polymeric materials
! Unique Patented FASST ™Process
– Field-Assisted Simultaneous Synthesisand Transfer
– Replaces costly slow processingunsuited to mass production
HelioVolt
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Nanotechnology in HelioVolt’s
FASST ™ CIGS Process: Precursors
Precursor 2
Stage 2:Rapid
ThermalProcessing
andSeparation
Substrate
Stage 1:PrecursorDeposition
HeatElectrostatic &
Mechanical
Pressure
Substrate
CIGS
Layer
Printing Plate
Precursor 1
Substrate
Printing Plate
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Unique Nanoscience of CIGS
! Inherent to CIGS PV semiconductor
– Spontaneous nanostructuring
• Driven by phase segregation
– Forms internal nano-scale junctions
• Two phases form different interpenetratingpercolation networks for each carrier type
• Explains CIGS performance & robustness
! New scientific insight
– Suggests novel pathways forcost & performance improvement
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Nanotechnology and Buildings:
Changes for the Electrical Industry
! Generation
– Integration of CIGS PV as Coatings onBuilding Construction Materials
! Conservation
– Nanotechnology application to improvedinsulation, lower cost low-E windows
! Transmission
– Need reduced by distributed generation:
• Power produced at the point of consumption
• Inherent benefit of PV Power Buildings