nanotechnology 20120918 lecture 3 biomimic
TRANSCRIPT
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BiomimicNanotechnology in Nature
Modified from:Shanghai Institute for Advanced Studies
Lecture 3Dr.Jern18/9/12
Nature knows (far better than do we Nature knows (far better than do we technology-obsessed humans) how to get technology-obsessed humans) how to get things done efficiently and effectivelythings done efficiently and effectively
BiomimicryInnovation Inspired by Nature
© The Biomimicry Institute 2008
BiomimicBionics Biomimicry BiomimeticsBionics Biomimicry Biomimetics
“ “biobio” = ” = life, living thingslife, living things““mimicrymimicry” = ” = copying, emulatingcopying, emulating
© The Biomimicry Institute 2008
Molecularscale devices,Molecularscale devices, superhydrophobicity, superhydrophobicity, self-cleaning,self-cleaning, drag reduction in fluid flow, energydrag reduction in fluid flow, energy conversion and conservation,conversion and conservation, high adhesion, reversible adhesion, high adhesion, reversible adhesion, aerodynamic lift,aerodynamic lift, materials and fibres with high mechanical strength, materials and fibres with high mechanical strength, biological self-assembly, antireflection,biological self-assembly, antireflection, structural coloration, structural coloration, thermal insulation, thermal insulation, self-healing and sensory-aid mechanisms areself-healing and sensory-aid mechanisms are
Properties of biological materialsProperties of biological materials
An overview of various objects from nature and their selected functions.
Bhushan B Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2009;367:1445-1486
Bhushan B Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2009;367:1445-1486
Nano-patterns in natureNano-patterns in nature
Nano-Nano-humpshumps
Nano-Nano-groovesgrooves
Nano-Nano-bumpsbumps
Nano-burlsNano-burls
Nano-Nano-spikesspikes
Nano-laddersNano-ladders Nano-Nano-knobsknobs
Nano-ribsNano-ribs
Nano-thresholdsNano-thresholds
Our Examples
Nature’s Nanodesigns
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The Lotus EffectThe Lotus EffectCorrelation between ultrastructure and wettability
Super hydrophobic surfaces
Water beads up on papillae
Papillae on leaves
Water runs Water runs offoff
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The Lotus EffectThe Lotus Effect• Both surface chemistry and surface
topology influence the hydrophobicity -slip. The surface contains “waxy bumps”.
• Using the “Lotus effect” (that lotus leaves are highly hydrophobic), one can achieve slip flow (Tretheway & Meinhart –UCSB, Silane. Phys. Fluids 2002).
Contaminating stain powder removed by rinsing with water
Lotus leaf repels even honey and glue
www.themegallery.comSurface tension and wetting angle
The Lotus EffectThe Lotus Effect
www.themegallery.comThe Lotus-The Lotus-EffectEffect
A droplet takes up the dirt while rolling down
Water droplets roll down the leaf of the Lotus flower
Honey rolls down from a “Lotus-Effect-spoon”
www.themegallery.comMechanism of the Lotus-Effect
The Lotus Effect in action: The Lotus Effect in action: self-cleaning surfacesself-cleaning surfaces
Water drop is rolling over The dirt particles on a
smoothHydrophobic surface
Water drop takes up the dustCovering a super hydrophobic
surface
The particles adhere tightly to the surface
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The lotus leaf surface The lotus leaf surface (Feng 2002)(Feng 2002)
PapillaPapilla
μ
(a) Scanning electron microscope image of a self-cleaning lotus leaf showing a micropattern.
((bb) Microtextured polymethyl ) Microtextured polymethyl methacrylate surface for the methacrylate surface for the increase in contact angle increase in contact angle
Nosonovsky M , Bhushan B Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2009;367:1607-1627
The lotus leaf surfaceThe lotus leaf surface
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The lotus leaf surfaceThe lotus leaf surface (Feng 2002)(Feng 2002)
www.themegallery.comTest areas at the wall of my house after 4 years
Lotus-Effect® roof tile Lotus-Effect® tie
Prof. Wilhelm Barthlott
The Lotus EffectThe Lotus Effect
www.themegallery.comTest areas at the wall after 4 years
Lotusan facade paintStandard facade paint
The Lotus EffectThe Lotus Effect
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Spider Silk
biological silica
extremely strong composite nanomaterial scaffolds
medical applications &(bone tissue engineering)
industrial application
The Spider Silk Effect““The Novel Biomimetic Nanocomposites from The Novel Biomimetic Nanocomposites from Spider Silk – Silica Fusion Proteins for Spider Silk – Silica Fusion Proteins for Bone Tissue Engineering”Bone Tissue Engineering”
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Silica shell of diatom
David Kaplan, Carole Perry and colleagues developed a fusion protein made of the spider silk and the silica-cored proteins of microscopic algae called diatoms for making nanofiber scaffolds in bone tissue engineering.
The Spider Silk Effect
silica structure molecule SiO2
Spider silkNephila Clavipes,source of spider
silk gene
www.themegallery.comModel of spider silk protein processing into films and fibers and silicification reactions on the assembled materials.
The Spider Silk Effect
www.themegallery.comSEM images of silica composite materials that present on fusion protein.
Taking advantage of silk’s self-assembling properties, the researchers made films and fibres out of the resulting fusion proteins. The silica particles form in a narrow range of sizes of between just 0.5 and 2 microns in diameter, unlike their natural counterparts, which vary over a broader range from 0.5 to 10 microns, which coated the strands of silk and made them stiffer. The resulting silk-silica strands will be used to build stronger scaffolds.
The Spider Silk Effect
The Gecko Feet EffectGecko sticking at the wall
500 000 000 nanohair2 kg (theoretically)
Phot
o: M
. Moff
et
Geckos get a grip using Van-der-Waals-Geckos get a grip using Van-der-Waals-forcesforces
The Gecko Feet Effect
The Gecko toe has 500The Gecko toe has 500 000 000 microhairs (setae)microhairs (setae)
The seta has 1The seta has 1 000 nanohairs000 nanohairs
Technical surface 1
Technical surface 2
Microhair
Nanohairs !
Technical surface
Adhesion effect Adhesion effect through through
Van-der-Waals-forcesVan-der-Waals-forces
Small contact areaSmall contact area small adhesion forcesmall adhesion force
Large contact areaLarge contact area large adhesion forcelarge adhesion force
Contact area
The Gecko Feet Effect
Gecko-Tape
The Gecko Feet Effect
Synthetic Gecko hairsSynthetic Gecko hairsnecessary for spider man necessary for spider man
(New Scientist 15. 05. 2003)
The Gecko Feet Effect
Gao, X. F. & Jiang, L. Water-repellent legs of water striders. Nature 432, 36 (2004).
The Water Strider EffectThe Water Strider Effect
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Water strider
Nano-grooves
200 nm20 μmXuefeng Gao & Lei Jiang, Beijing
The Water Strider EffectThe Water Strider Effect
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Robostrider
B. Chan, D. Hu
Development of an Development of an artificial water artificial water striderstrider
The Water Strider EffectThe Water Strider Effect
www.themegallery.comThe water spider never gets wet
The Water Spider EffectThe Water Spider Effect
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10 m
The hair of water spider, a model for a new waterproof suit
The Water Spider EffectThe Water Spider Effect
http://bigthink.com/Brave-Green-World/biomimicry-butterfly-wings-could-inspire-next-gen-solar-powerhttp://www.asknature.org/strategy/1d00d97a206855365c038d57832ebafa
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ReferencesReferencesProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0601096103) (Novel nanocomposites from spider silk–silica fusion (chimeric) proteins)http://www.newscientisttechnology.com/article/mg18925376.200http://www.newscientisttechnology.com/article/mg18524835.000http://www.newscientisttechnology.com/article/mg17924072.600http://www.eng.uab.edu/polymers/Files/Multifunctional%20Polymer%20Tissue.pdf http://www.brightminds.uq.edu.au/teachers/resources/downloads/Grondahl_Frontiers_2005.pdf http://www.xs4all.nl/~ednieuw/Spiders/Info/spindraad.htmhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1527052&dopt=Abstracthttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=15556872&dopt=Abstracthttp://www.biophysj.org/cgi/content/abstract/biophysj.106.089144v1www.bionik.tu-berlin.de
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Home Work-Prof. Richard P. Feynman