Name_______________________________ Date____________________Social Studies Teacher_________________

Chapter 2: Ancient EgyptStudy Guide: Sections 1-3

Test Date: Format: Multiple Choice, DBQ, Essay

1. Know all vocabulary words (sections 1-3)

2. Explain the geography and location of ancient Egypt and be able to identify how the Egyptians used the Nile River.

Egypt was located along the Nile River Valley. The Nile River is the longest river in the world. Egyptian farmers used irrigation to water crops. Silt was carried by the Nile River ( bits of soil and rock). Farmers grew crops in Lower Egypt because the delta provided fertile soil. The Egyptians wrote on papyrus that grew along the Nile.

3. Cross out #3 You do not need to know this for the test.

4. Identify the difference between monotheism and polytheism. Monotheism is the belief in one god. Polytheism is the belief in more than one god.

5. Know and identify the religious beliefs of the ancient Egyptians. Polytheistic – (believed in many gods and goddesses). Examples: Re – Sun god, Osiris – god of the afterlife

Isis- Wife of Osiris, Anubis – god of Mummification Believed in the afterlife.

6. Identify the importance/significance of the following people: Narmer/Menes,

King Khufu, Ahmose, Hatshepsut, Thutmose III, Akhenaton, Tutankhamen, Ramses II

Narmer/Menes – King of Upper Egypt, Unified upper and lower Egypt,

Wore a double crown. King Khufu – Ordered the construction of the Great Pyramid Ahmose – Drove the Hyskos out of Egypt,

Regained control of Lower Egypt, His reign began the new period called “New Kingdom”.

Hatshepsut – Female Pharaoh Brought wealth through trade and conquest

Thutmose III – Hatshepsut’s nephew Empire grew through trade and tribute

Akhenaton – Changed his name from Amenhotep to Akhenaton Wanted to get rid of old gods and only worship Aton Neglected his duties as Pharaoh Weakened empire

Tutankhamen – Boy King Howard Carter discovered his tomb in 1922 (Lord Carnavorn Financed expedition)

Ramses II – Reigned for 66 years Rebuilding program (constructed new temples)

7. Identify the importance of the gods/deities: Anubis, Ra/Re, Osiris, Isis, Hapi Anubis – god of mummification Ra/Re – sun god. Main god because of Egypt’s hot, sunny climate and the

importance of the sun for good harvest. Hapi – ruled the Nile River (very important because Egyptians survived on the

Nile.) Isis – represented the loyal wife and mother

She ruled over the dead with her husband Osiris. Osiris – would meet newcomers at the entrance to the next world. He would

grant them life after death.

8. Understand the purpose of hieroglyphics and the importance of the Rosetta Stone.

System of writing Used to record taxes, history, and records for the pharaohs Rosetta Stone unlocked the lost language-decoded hieroglyphics

Old Kingdom Middle Kingdom New Kingdom-Pharaohs were thought to be gods, people mummified their dead

-Ended because of large construction projects such as the building of the pyramids

-became a wealthy empire, expanded territory, and was a peaceful/golden age

-Ended when Hyksos took over Lower Egypt

-Acquired new territory and reached the height of its power-increased contact with other cultures

9. Identify the important events and accomplishments of the Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom, and the New Kingdom. (Know how each kingdom ended)

10. What was the role of the Pharaoh? Why was the pharaoh the most important person in ancient Egypt?

The role of the Pharaoh was to control all of Egypt, communicate with scribes, to delegate jobs to local governors/officials (example: monitor land , irrigation canals, and grain store houses)

The Pharaoh was considered the son of Re/Ra, the sun god.

11. Identify the order and importance of the social pyramid. The importance of the social pyramid was to maintain order in society.

Each level had a specific job. Know the order of the society.

***In addition to the vocabulary and questions, please review chapter 2 and all materials handed out. Your test will include additional information and facts. Classroom discussions will also be included on this exam.

***Study a little each night***