MY QUESTIONS -PART 2-DAY 1

1. SMOKING--INCREASES PERIODONTITIS

2. IL-1——OSTEOCLASTS

3. Localized Aggressive Periodontitis--NO PLAQUE NEEDED; Plaque initial but the amount does not related with the severity ( immune system of host) bacteria: Aa.

4. LAP,GAP——TREATMENT; 1er molars and central incisors, treatment: ATB and scaling and root planning. (debridement) (amoxicilin and metronidazole)

5. LAP--- CHANGE IN WHAT; prognosis poorer comparing with chronic periodontitis pacients. LAP robust serum antibody response to infective agents. GAP poor serum antibody response to infective agents.

6. ATTACHMENT LOSS CALCULATIONS (file Daniela)

7. GINGIVAL ENLARGEMENT DUE TO: Calcium blockers, anticonvulsivants, Immunosuppesors.

(nifedipino, ciclosporin, Phenitoin (dilantin)) Hormones changes puberty and pregnancy

8. GINGIVECTOMY- INCISION: apical to pocket base, above the mucogingival attachment.

9. PERIO MAINTENANCE RECALL: 1 months (evaluation SRP) and then every 3 months for a year. Bleeding. Varies between patients.

10.FREE GIN GRAFT---TROUGH WHERE Donor site: Palate Uses: dehiscences and fenestration, gain band keratinized tissue. It is replaced by new epithelium from the borders of the recipient site.

11.BEST GRAFT FOR ROOT COVERAGE Lateral displacement flap.

12.LARGE JAW DEFECT---WHICH GRAFT BEST(AUTO,ALLO,XENO….)

Autologous, Illiac crest Anterior. Donor sites: Tuberosity, symphysis, retro molar area. Soft tissue: Palate, tuberosity soft tissue.

13.Dried Freeze Denminerallized Bone (Allograft) HAS Bone Morphogenetic Proteins. Osteoinduction. True.

14.AUTOLOGOUS SITE FOR LARGE BONE DEFECT: Anterior Illiac Crest, Fibula, Rib.

15.DISTAL WEDGE: retromolar area (mandible and tuberosity) To remove soft tissue keratinized.

16.For CROWN LENGTH APICALLY DIS W/ OSSEOUS SURGERY OR WITHOUT SURGERY? *

17.IMPLANT—HEMIDESMOSOMES

18.CRATER RADIOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE: 2 WALL DEFECT.

19.ROOT DESENSITIZING AGENTS: Desensitizing agents used by the patient include dentifrices that contain strontium chloride, potassium nitrate, and sodium citrate. These agents act through the precipitation of crystalline salts that block d e n t i n a l t u b u l e s . A g e n t s t h a t c a n b e professionally applied include cavity varnishes, s i l ve r n i t ra te , z inc ch lo r ide -po tass ium ferrocyanide, formalin, calcium hydroxide, dibasic calcium phosphate, sodium fluoride, stannous fluoride, strontium chloride, and potassium oxylate.

20.IMPLANT DISTANCE PROBLEM IMPLANT- IMPLANT: 3M IMPLANT- TOOTH: 1,5 MM BUCCAL AND LINGUAL PLATE: 1 MM EACH MENTAL NERVE: 5MM LOOP: 2MM CANAL MANDIBULAR: 2MM MAXILLARY SINUS: 2MM NORMAL LENGHT: 10 MM NORMAL WIDTH: 6 MM

21.IMPLANT--IMPLANT DISTANCE— 3MM 22.IMPLANT--TOOTH DISTANCE— 1.5 MM

23.IMPLANT FAILURE CAUSES SURGICAL FAILURE: EXCESSIVE HEAT (MORE THAN 47 C) EXCESSIVE PLACEMENT FORCES (TORQUE) LACK OF PRIMARY STABILITY.

24.IMPLANT---SMOKING AFFECT; AFFECTS THE CICATRIZATION.

25.SURGICAL STENT USES, PROTECT THE WOUND, DECREASES EDEMA AND BLEEDING (HEMATOMA)

26.IMPLANT OVER DENTURE—RETENTION (IMPLANT) AND SUPPORT (ALVEOLAR BONE) TISSUE SUPPORT. 4 IMPLANTS MAXILLA AND 2 IMPLANTS MANDIBLE.

27.MOST COMMONLY USED MICROBIAL RINSE NOW: CHX 0.12%, SUSTANTIVITY.

28.CHX--NO CHELATION CHX: LYSIS CELLULAR WALL, ANTISEPTIC. PERIOCHIP (INTRA POCKET), PERIDEX (OUTSIDE)

29.VERY THIN ATTACHED GINGIVA IN LOWER 7 WITH A DISTAL POCKET----WHICH FLAP WE DONT USE: FULL THICKNESS FLAP

30.RED COMPLEX ORGANISMS: PTT 31.MAX MOLAR DISTAL FURCATION CHECKED

FROM WHICH DIRECTION:Furcations in mandibular molars are probed from the buccal/facial and from the lingual. Furcations in maxillary molars are probed from the mesial (mesial furcation between mesio-buccal and palatal roots), buccal (buccal furcation between the two buccal roots), and distal (distal furcation between disto-buccal and palatal roots).

32.MOST IMPORTANT FACTOR IN ULTRASONICS--A. SHARP TIP B. FIRM GRIP C.SHARP VIBES

33.IMPLANT EMBRASURE CLEANED BY FLOSS, BRUSH, PERIOBRUSH INTERPROXIMAL

34.PASSIVE NIGHT GUARD FOR WHAT : FORCES DISTRIBUTION

35.PHASE 1 TREATMENTS: HYGIENE INSTRUCTION, PLAQUE CONTROL, PATIENT EDUCATION, REMOVAL CALCULUS, ROOT PLANNING, OCCLUSAL THERAPY

THEN: REEVALUATION 4 WEEKS AFTER NON SURGICAL PHASE

36.PERISUGERY IN WHICH PHASE (PHASE 2): SURGICAL PERIO THERAPY, IMPLANTS, ENDODONTIC THERAPY.

PHASE 3: RESTAURATIVE PHASE; PROTHETIC PHASE 4: MANTEINANCE; SHOULD BEGIN AFTER THE COMPLETION OF THE PHASE 2.

37.TRAUMA FROM OCCLUSION DOES NOT CAUSE GINGIVITIS, POCKETS.

38.SPLINTING IS DONE FOR: PATIENT COMFORT

39.SPLINTING FOR AVULSED TOOTH DURATION (7- 10 DAY) FLEXIBLE

40. DENTINOGENSIS IMPERFECTA---HOW IS DEJ,DENTINE TUBULES CHANGE

DEJ: CONSTRICT, PULPAL OBLITERATION, IRREGULAR TUBULAR DENTINE. TUBULES BIGGER AREA, ODONTOBLAST IN DENTINE.

41.DENTINE DYSPLASIA SIMILAR TO DENTINOGENESIS IMPERFECTA, MOBILITY, TYPE 1: RADICULAR, PERIAPICAL RADIOLUCENCIES. LARGE PULP CHAMBER AND OBLITERATED. FREQUENT ABSCESSES

42.TELL SHOW DO---HOW IT IS EFFECTIVE: The Tell-Show-Do method, in which the clinician explains, demonstrates, and allows a child (or an adult patient) to learn and understand what will be happening before proceeding, contributes to decreased self-reports of anxiety and pain.

43.2 YEARS UNCOP CHILD MANAGEMENT KNEE TO KNEE TECHNIQUE (CHECK ) GENERAL ANESTHESIA (TREATMENT)

44.ADHD—TREATMENT RITALIN AND ADDERAL Depends on age and severity. Shorter appointments. Step-by-step verbal reinforcement.

45.CLEFT LIP— ( 5TH TO 10 TH) 46.CLEDOCRANIAL DYSPL 3 QUESTIONS

(VER FILES) 47.COMMON SEIZURES IN CHILD

MOST COMMON FEBRILE PETIT MAL- VALPROIC ACID (CHILD) ADULT: ETHOSUXIMIDE

48.STATUS EPI TREATMENT: DIAZEPAM OR BENZODIAZEPINE

49.NURSING BOTTLE CARIES MOST COMMON RAMPANT, MAXILAR INCISOR, MAXILAR MOLARS, MANBIDULAR MOLARS, MANDIBULAR MOLARS DIAMINE SULFIDE

50.LOCALIZED AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS WHICH TOOTH: FIRST MOLARS AND CENTRAL INCISORS. BLACK

51.DOWN SYNDROME CARIES NO CHANGE

52.ACIDULATED PHOSPHATE FLUORIDE—% 1.23 4MIN

53.CALCIFICATION TIME OF MOLARS 1ST MOLAR: AT BIRTH 2ND MOLAR: 30 MONTHS 3RD : 8 AÑOS

54.CALCIFICATION TIME OF PREMOLARS 1ST: 18 MONTHS 2ND: 24 MONTHS

55.FORMOCRESOL PULPOTOMY

56.DIRECT PULP CAPPING SUCCESS CORONAL SEAL

57.SUBLUXATION---LEADS TO WHICH RESORPTION: EXTERNAL

AVULSION: REPLACEMENT RESORPTION

58.WHICH LUXATION IS HARMFUL INTRUSIVE

59.KAPOSI—HIV (EBV) = (HH8)

60.NASOLABIAL CYST---NOT VISI IN RADIO; SOFT TISSUE

61.EUPILIS FISTURUM--SIMILAR TO WHAT: FIBROMA

62.ODONTOMES—SYNDROMES: GARDNER 63.NO OPAQUE IN WHICH CYST: Keratocysts 64.BURNING MOUTH:Burning mouth syndrome is most

commonly seen in postmenopausal females. Patients complain of pain, dryness, and burning of their mouth and tongue. They may also complain of altered taste sensation. It is felt to be secondary to a defect in pain modulation. The symptoms of 50% of the patients resolve without treatment over a 2-year period. Capzasin

65.ECTODERMAL DYSPLASIA: ver file

66.D.IMPERFECTA—Amelogenesis imperfecta, regional odontodysplasia.

67.CONGENITALLY MISSSING TOOTH MOST: 3rd molar max, 3rd molar mandibular, 2 pm mandibular, lateral incisor.

68.SICKLE CELL—contraindicated N2O

69.SICKLE CELL WHICH ANALGESIC Ibuprofen, diclofenac

70.NEUROFIBRAMATOSIS: CAFE AU LAIT, Multiple neurofibromas, Six or more café-au-lait macules (each > 1.5 cm diameter), Axillary freckling (Crowe's sign), and iris freckling (Lisch spots), Malignant transformation of neurofibromas in 5% to 15% of patients.

71.ACUTE ABSCESS---VITAL/NON VITAL PULP

72.OSTEOMYLITIS: ATB AND CURETAGE

73.LUDWIGS WHICH SPACES INVOLVED: SUBMANDIBULAR, SUBLINGUAL, SUBMENTAL

74.ADDISONS (HYPOADRENOCORTICISM)—AUTOIMMUNE, PIGMENTATION CROMATIC: oral manifestations include diffuse or patchy, brown, macular

pigmentation of the oral mucosa caused by excess melanin production.

75.NICOTINIC STOMATITIS---ORAL FEATURES PALATE, RED SPOTS, NOT PREMALIGNAZING, NOT PRODUCE BY TOBACCO SMOKING.

76.LESS POTENT SALIVARY TUMOR: MUCOEPIDERMOID - PLEOMORPH LOW GRADE ADENOCARCINOMA.

***POOR PROGNOSIS: ADENOID CYSTIC CARCINOMA

77.RANULA: SUBLINGUAL GLAND, TREATMENT : MARSUPIALIZATION

78.SJOGRENS: DRY MOUTH, AUTOIMMUNE, WOMEN, ENLARGEMENT PAROTID GLAND, ANTIBODIES A AND B, TRIAD: KERATOCONJUNTIVITIS SICCA, RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS, XEROSTOMIA.

79.HERPES: ACICLOVIR, GANCICLOVIR, DOCOZANOL (OTC, ABRIVA) TIGHTLY AREAS, KERATINIZED

80.SIALOLITH COMMON GLAND: SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND.

81.SIALOLITH COMMON DUCT: WHARTON DUCT.

82.VASOCONSTRICTOR CALCULATIONS: 1:50000, 1:100000 OR 1:20000, EPINEPHRINE

LEVONODEPHRINE IN MEPIVACAINE. HEMOSTASIS, DECREASE TOXICITY, INCREASES DURATION OF ACTION, DECREASES ABSORPTION

83.NITROGLYCERINE + ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION DRUG: VASODILATION

84.NITROGLYCERINE SIDED EFFECTS SYNCOPE, TACHYCARDIA, HEADACHE, TOLERANCE, *METHEMOBLINEMIA (PRILOCAINE) (TREAT: METHILENE BLUE)

85.DURATION OF ACTION DEPENDS ON’ LIPID SOLUBILITY

86.PKA---ONSET OF ACTION = 5 LOW PKA: FAST RAPID ONSET PKA=PH ANESTHESIA

87.IANB--MESIAL WHICH MUSCLE DAMAGE: MEDIAL PTERYGOID

88.MENTAL FORAMEN WHICH NERVE: MENTAL NERVE

89.INFRAORBITAL FISSURE WHICH NERVE COMES OUT: INFRAORBITAL NERVE (V2)

90.PSA ARTERY FROM WHICH FOSSA: PTERYGOPALATINE

91.CONSIOUS SEDATION MRANS

92.MORPHINE COUGH RELATION MORPHINE METABOLITE OF CODEINE

93.MORPHINE SIDE EFFECTS ▪ Pruritis (due to histamine release)

▪ Nausea/vomiting

▪ Urinary retention

▪ Constipation

▪ Miosis

▪ Respiratory depression

94.SULPHONAMIDES: COMPIT PABA

95.PENICILLIN— CIDAL, CELL WALL

96.VK (ORAL) G (IM) PENCILLIN USED

97.IN PLACE OF AMPICILLIN WHAT USE

98.PSEUDO MEM COLITIS BY CLINDAMYCIN, TREATMENT METRONIDAZOLE

99.TOPICAL AND SYS ANTIFUNGAL NISTATINE, CLOTRIMAZOLE, KETOCONAZOLE TOPICAL SYSTEMIC: FLUCONAZOLE, AMPHOTERICIN B, KETOCONAZOLE

100.AMANTIDINE:INFLUENZA A, PARKINSON’S DISEASE

101.ANTIHISTAMINES—MOA, H1 BLOCKERS REVERSIBLE (COMPETITIVE ANTAGONIST)

1ERA GEN, BENADRYL, DIPHENHYDRAMINE, DIMENHYDRATE 2ND GEN: LORATADINE (CLARITIN), FEXOFENADINE, DESLORATADINE, LESS DROWNSINESS, ARRHYTHMIA

102.COUMARIN MOA: INHIBITS SYNTHESIS OF VITAMIN K-DEPENDENT CLOTTING FACTORS: II, VII, IX, X , FOLLOW: PT/INR

OVERDOSE: VITAMIN K

103.NSAIDS MOA, INHIBIT COX1 COX2 REVERSIBLE NO SELECTIVES, PROSTAGLANDINS SYNTHESIS, ANALGESICS, ANTIPYRETICS, ANTI INFLAMATORY.

*ASPIRIN: IRREVERSIBLE COX SELECTIVES: CELECOXIB **PATIENT LIVER DISEASE: IBUPROFEN, NO ACETAMINOPHEN **PATIENT KIDNEY DISEASE: ACETAMINOPHEN, NO IBUPROFEN

104.ANTIPLATLETS NSAIDS, ASPIRIN, PLAVIX( NOT NSAIDS)

105.LONG ACTING NSAID NAPROXEN( T 1/2= 14 HRS) PIROXICAM Y OZAPROZIN (T1/2= 50)

106.IBUPROFEN MAXIMUM DOSE Ibuprofen is 400 to 600 mg every 4 to 6 hours with a maximum daily dose of 2400 mg.

When used OTC without a health professional's guidance, the maximum daily dose should not exceed 1200 mg.

107.DENTAL PAIN WHICH ANALGESIC MILD: ACETAMINOPHEN + IBUPROFEN HIGH: ACETAMINOPHEN + HYDROCODONE ACETAMINOPHEN + OXYCODONE ACETAMINOPHEN + HYDROXYCODONE

108.OPIODS—ANTAGONIST: NALOXONE

109.XEROSTOMIA@WHICH RECEPTORS MUSCARINICS

110.SUCCINYLCHOLINE---PARALYSIS SEQUENCE (DEPOLARIZED) NON COMPETITIVE

FASCICULATION MUSCLE AND THEN PARALYSIS **CURARE COMPETITIVE, NON DEPOLARIZED

111.PHENYL EPINEPHRINE AGONIST SYMPATHETIC, DESCONGESTIONANT

112.CONJUGATION Phase II reactions involve conjugation, in which a chemical substituent is added to the drug. The most

common type of conjugation reaction is glucuronide conjugation.

113. 0 ORDER KINETICS Zero-order elimination kinetics refers to the elimination of a constant amount of drug eliminated regardless of dose, as opposed to first-order kinetics (see above) in which a constant percentage of remaining drug is eliminated.

114.IDEAL ANTAGONIST---NO INTRINSIC ACTIVITY AND HIGH ACTIVITY

115.IDEAL ANTA---HIGH AFFINITY

116.ANTI DEPPRESANTS ACTS AT SEROTONIN (5HTH), NE, DOPAMINE

117. IMPORTANCE OF APEXIFICATION, CLOSE APEX, CALCIUM HYDROXIDE

118.HERPES % POPULTION: 85 %